EN ISO 14040:2006
(Main)Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles and framework (ISO 14040:2006)
Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles and framework (ISO 14040:2006)
ISO 14040:2006 describes the principles and framework for life cycle assessment (LCA) including: definition of the goal and scope of the LCA, the life cycle inventory analysis (LCI) phase, the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) phase, the life cycle interpretation phase, reporting and critical review of the LCA, limitations of the LCA, the relationship between the LCA phases, and conditions for use of value choices and optional elements.
ISO 14040:2006 covers life cycle assessment (LCA) studies and life cycle inventory (LCI) studies. It does not describe the LCA technique in detail, nor does it specify methodologies for the individual phases of the LCA.
The intended application of LCA or LCI results is considered during definition of the goal and scope, but the application itself is outside the scope of this International Standard.
Umweltmanagement - Ökobilanz - Grundsätze und Rahmenbedingungen (ISO 14040:2006)
Diese Internationale Norm beschreibt die Grundsätze und Rahmenbedingungen der Ökobilanz, einschließlich
a) der Festlegung des Ziels und des Untersuchungsrahmens der Ökobilanz;
b) der Sachbilanz-Phase;
c) der Phase der Wirkungsabschätzung;
d) der Auswertungsphase;
e) des Berichtes über die Ökobilanz und deren Kritische Prüfung;
f) der Grenzen der Ökobilanz;
g) der Beziehungen zwischen den Phasen einer Ökobilanz und
h) der Bedingungen der Anwendung von Werthaltungen und optionalen Bestandteilen.
Die vorliegende Internationale Norm umfasst Ökobilanz-Studien und Sachbilanz-Studien. Sie enthält weder eine detaillierte Beschreibung der Methodik der Ökobilanz, noch legt sie die für die einzelnen Phasen der Ökobilanz spezifischen Methoden fest.
Die vorgesehene Anwendung der Ergebnisse von Öko- oder Sachbilanzen wird bei der Festlegung des Ziels und des Untersuchungsrahmens berücksichtigt, die Anwendung selbst fällt jedoch nicht in den Anwendungs¬bereich dieser Internationalen Norm.
Diese Internationale Norm ist nicht für vertragliche oder regulative Zwecke oder für Zulassung und Zertifizierung vorgesehen.
Management environnemental - Analyse du cycle de vie - Principes et cadre (ISO 14040:2006)
L'ISO 14040:2006 spécifie les principes et le cadre applicables à la réalisation d'analyses du cycle de vie comprenant: la définition des objectifs et du domaine d'application ACV, la phase d'inventaire du cycle de vie, la phase d'évaluation de l'impact du cycle de vie, la phase d'interprétation du cycle de vie, la communication et la revue critique de l'analyse du cycle de vie, les limitations de l'analyse du cycle de vie, la relation entre les phases de l'analyse du cycle de vie et les conditions d'utilisation des choix de valeurs et des éléments facultatifs.
L'ISO 14040:2006 traite des études d'analyse du cycle de vie et des études d'inventaire du cycle de vie. Elle ne décrit pas en détail la technique de l'analyse du cycle de vie, ni les méthodologies spécifiques de chacune de ses phases.
L'application envisagée pour les résultats de l'ACV ou de l'ICV soit prise en considération lors de la définition des objectifs et du domaine d'application. En revanche, l'application en tant que telle se situe en dehors du domaine d'application de la présente Norme internationale.
Ravnanje z okoljem - Ocenjevanje življenjskega cikla - Načela in okviri (ISO 14040:2006)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2006
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 14040:2000
SIST EN ISO 14041:2000
SIST EN ISO 14042:2001
SIST EN ISO 14043:2001
5DYQDQMH]RNROMHP2FHQMHYDQMHåLYOMHQMVNHJDFLNOD1DþHODLQRNYLUL ,62
Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles and framework (ISO
14040:2006)
Umweltmanagement - Ökobilanz - Grundsätze und Rahmenbedingungen (ISO
14040:2006)
Management environnemental - Analyse du cycle de vie - Principes et cadre (ISO
14040:2006)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14040:2006
ICS:
13.020.10 Ravnanje z okoljem Environmental management
13.020.60 Življenjski ciklusi izdelkov Product life-cycles
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 14040
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2006
ICS 13.020.10; 13.020.60 Supersedes EN ISO 14040:1997, EN ISO 14041:1998,
EN ISO 14042:2000, EN ISO 14043:2000
English Version
Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles
and framework (ISO 14040:2006)
Management environnemental - Analyse du cycle de vie - Umweltmanagement - Ökobilanz - Grundsätze und
Principes et cadre (ISO 14040:2006) Rahmenbedingungen (ISO 14040:2006)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 June 2006.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14040:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 14040:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207
"Environmental management" in collaboration with CMC.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2007, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2007.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14040:1997, EN ISO 14041:1998, EN ISO 14042:2000, EN
ISO 14043:2000.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14040:2006 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14040:2006 without any
modifications.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14040
Second edition
2006-07-01
Environmental management — Life cycle
assessment — Principles and framework
Management environnemental — Analyse du cycle de vie — Principes
et cadre
Reference number
ISO 14040:2006(E)
©
ISO 2006
ISO 14040:2006(E)
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ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
ISO 14040:2006(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 General description of life cycle assessment (LCA). 6
4.1 Principles of LCA. 6
4.2 Phases of an LCA . 7
4.3 Key features of an LCA . 8
4.4 General concepts of product systems . 9
5 Methodological framework . 11
5.1 General requirements. 11
5.2 Goal and scope definition. 11
5.3 Life cycle inventory analysis (LCI). 13
5.4 Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) . 14
5.5 Life cycle interpretation . 16
6 Reporting . 16
7 Critical review. 17
7.1 General. 17
7.2 Need for critical review. 17
7.3 Critical review processes. 17
Annex A (informative) Application of LCA. 18
Bibliography . 20
ISO 14040:2006(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 14040 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management, Subcommittee
SC 5, Life cycle assessment.
This second edition of ISO 14040, together with ISO 14044:2006, cancels and replaces ISO 14040:1997,
ISO 14041:1998, ISO 14042:2000 and ISO 14043:2000, which have been technically revised.
iv © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
ISO 14040:2006(E)
Introduction
The increased awareness of the importance of environmental protection, and the possible impacts associated
1)
with products , both manufactured and consumed, has increased interest in the development of methods to
better understand and address these impacts. One of the techniques being developed for this purpose is life
cycle assessment (LCA).
LCA can assist in
⎯ identifying opportunities to improve the environmental performance of products at various points in their
life cycle,
⎯ informing decision-makers in industry, government or non-government organizations (e.g. for the purpose
of strategic planning, priority setting, product or process design or redesign),
⎯ the selection of relevant indicators of environmental performance, including measurement techniques,
and
⎯ marketing (e.g. implementing an ecolabelling scheme, making an environmental claim, or producing an
environmental product declaration).
For practitioners of LCA, ISO 14044 details the requirements for conducting an LCA.
2)
LCA addresses the environmental aspects and potential environmental impacts (e.g. use of resources and
the environmental consequences of releases) throughout a product's life cycle from raw material acquisition
through production, use, end-of-life treatment, recycling and final disposal (i.e. cradle-to-grave).
There are four phases in an LCA study:
a) the goal and scope definition phase,
b) the inventory analysis phase,
c) the impact assessment phase, and
d) the interpretation phase.
The scope, including the system boundary and level of detail, of an LCA depends on the subject and the
intended use of the study. The depth and the breadth of LCA can differ considerably depending on the goal of
a particular LCA.
The life cycle inventory analysis phase (LCI phase) is the second phase of LCA. It is an inventory of
input/output data with regard to the system being studied. It involves collection of the data necessary to meet
the goals of the defined study
The life cycle impact assessment phase (LCIA) is the third phase of the LCA. The purpose of LCIA is to
provide additional information to help assess a product system’s LCI results so as to better understand their
environmental significance.
1) In this International Standard, the term “product” includes services.
2) The “potential environmental impacts” are relative expressions, as they are related to the functional unit of a product
system.
ISO 14040:2006(E)
Life cycle interpretation is the final phase of the LCA procedure, in which the results of an LCI or an LCIA, or
both, are summarized and discussed as a basis for conclusions, recommendations and decision-making in
accordance with the goal and scope definition.
There are cases where the goal of an LCA can be satisfied by performing only an inventory analysis and an
interpretation. This is usually referred to as an LCI study.
This International Standard covers two types of studies: life cycle assessment studies (LCA studies) and life
cycle inventory studies (LCI studies). LCI studies are similar to LCA studies but exclude the LCIA phase. LCI
studies are not to be confused with the LCI phase of an LCA study.
Generally, the information developed in an LCA or LCI study can be used as part of a much more
comprehensive decision process. Comparing the results of different LCA or LCI studies is only possible if th
...
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