EN ISO 14044:2006
(Main)Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Requirements and guidelines (ISO 14044:2006)
Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Requirements and guidelines (ISO 14044:2006)
ISO 14044:2006 specifies requirements and provides guidelines for life cycle assessment (LCA) including: definition of the goal and scope of the LCA, the life cycle inventory analysis (LCI) phase, the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) phase, the life cycle interpretation phase, reporting and critical review of the LCA, limitations of the LCA, relationship between the LCA phases, and conditions for use of value choices and optional elements.
ISO 14044:2006 covers life cycle assessment (LCA) studies and life cycle inventory (LCI) studies.
Umweltmanagement - Ökobilanz - Anforderungen und Anleitungen (ISO 14044:2006)
Diese Internationale Norm legt Anforderungen an eine Ökobilanz fest und liefert Anleitungen für deren Erstellung, einschließlich
a) der Festlegung des Ziels und des Untersuchungsrahmens der Ökobilanz;
b) der Sachbilanz-Phase;
c) der Phase der Wirkungsabschätzung;
d) der Auswertungsphase;
e) der Berichterstattung über die Ökobilanz und deren Kritische Prüfung;
f) der Grenzen der Ökobilanz;
g) der Beziehungen zwischen den Phasen einer Ökobilanz und
h) der Bedingungen der Anwendung von Werthaltungen und optionalen Bestandteilen.
Diese Norm umfasst Ökobilanz-Studien und Sachbilanz-Studien.
Die vorgesehene Anwendung der Ergebnisse von Öko- oder Sachbilanzen wird bei der Festlegung des Ziels und des Untersuchungsrahmens berücksichtigt, die Anwendung selbst fällt jedoch nicht in den Anwendungs-bereich dieser Internationalen Norm.
Diese Internationale Norm ist nicht für vertragliche oder regulative Zwecke oder für Zulassung und Zerti-fizierung vorgesehen.
Management environnemental - Analyse du cycle de vie - Exigences et lignes directrices (ISO 14044:2006)
L'ISO 14044:2006 spécifie les exigences et fournit les lignes directrices pour la réalisation d'analyses du cycle de vie (ACV) comprenant: la définition des objectifs et du champ de l'étude, la phase d' inventaire du cycle de vie, la phase d'évaluation de l'impact du cycle de vie, la phase d'interprétation du cycle de vie, la communication et la revue critique de l'analyse du cycle de vie, les limitations de l'analyse du cycle de vie, la relation entre les phases de l'analyse du cycle de vie et les conditions d'utilisation des choix de valeur et des éléments facultatifs.
L'ISO 14044:2006 traite des études d'analyse du cycle de vie et des études d'inventaire du cycle de vie.
Ravnanje z okoljem - Ocenjevanje življenjskega cikla – Zahteve in smernice (ISO 14044:2006)
Ta mednarodni standard določa zahteve in podaja smernice za ocenjevanje življenjskega cikla (LCA), kar vključuje a) opredelitev cilja in področja uporabe LCA, b) fazo popisa življenjskega cikla (LCI), c) fazo ocenjevanja vplivov življenjskega cikla (LCIA), d) fazo razlage življenjskega cikla, e) poročanje in kritični pregled LCA, f) omejitve LCA, g) razmerje med fazami LCA in h) pogoje za uporabo vrednostnih izbir in izbirnih elementov. Ta mednarodni standard zajema študije ocenjevanja življenjskega cikla (LCA) in študije popisa življenjskega cikla (LCI). Načrtovana uporaba rezultatov LCA in LCI je obravnavana v opredelitvi cilja in področja uporabe, sama uporaba pa ni zajeta v področje uporabe tega standarda. Ta mednarodni standard ni predviden za pogodbene ali regulatorne namene ali registracijo in certificiranje.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2006
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 14040:2000
SIST EN ISO 14041:2000
SIST EN ISO 14042:2001
SIST EN ISO 14043:2001
Ravnanje z okoljem - Ocenjevanje življenjskega cikla – Zahteve in smernice (ISO
14044:2006)
Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Requirements and guidelines (ISO
14044:2006)
Umweltmanagement - Ökobilanz - Anforderungen und Anleitungen (ISO 14044:2006)
Management environnemental - Analyse du cycle de vie - Exigences et lignes directrices
(ISO 14044:2006)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14044:2006
ICS:
13.020.10 Ravnanje z okoljem Environmental management
13.020.60 Življenjski ciklusi izdelkov Product life-cycles
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 14044
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2006
ICS 13.020.60; 13.020.10 Supersedes EN ISO 14040:1997, EN ISO 14041:1998,
EN ISO 14042:2000, EN ISO 14043:2000
English Version
Environmental management - Life cycle assessment -
Requirements and guidelines (ISO 14044:2006)
Management environnemental - Analyse du cycle de vie - Umweltmanagement - Ökobilanz - Anforderungen und
Exigences et lignes directrices (ISO 14044:2006) Anleitungen (ISO 14044:2006)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 June 2006.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14044:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 14044:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207
"Environmental management" in collaboration with CMC.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2007, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2007.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14040:1997, EN ISO 14041:1998, EN ISO 14042:2000, EN
ISO 14043:2000.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14044:2006 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14044:2006 without any
modifications.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14044
First edition
2006-07-01
Environmental management — Life cycle
assessment — Requirements and
guidelines
Management environnemental — Analyse du cycle de vie — Exigences
et lignes directrices
Reference number
ISO 14044:2006(E)
©
ISO 2006
ISO 14044:2006(E)
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ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
ISO 14044:2006(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 Methodological framework for LCA. 6
4.1 General requirements. 6
4.2 Goal and scope definition. 7
4.3 Life cycle inventory analysis (LCI). 11
4.4 Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) . 16
4.5 Life cycle interpretation . 23
5 Reporting . 27
5.1 General requirements and considerations . 27
5.2 Additional requirements and guidance for third-party reports. 28
5.3 Further reporting requirements for comparative assertion intended to be disclosed to the
public. 30
6 Critical review. 31
6.1 General. 31
6.2 Critical review by internal or external expert. 31
6.3 Critical review by panel of interested parties .31
Annex A (informative) Examples of data collection sheets . 33
Annex B (informative) Examples of life cycle interpretation . 36
Bibliography . 46
ISO 14044:2006(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 14044 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management, Subcommittee
SC 5, Life cycle assessment.
This first edition of ISO 14044, together with ISO 14040:2006, cancels and replaces ISO 14040:1997,
ISO 14041:1998, ISO 14042:2000 and ISO 14043:2000, which have been technically revised.
iv © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
ISO 14044:2006(E)
Introduction
The increased awareness of the importance of environmental protection, and the possible impacts associated
1)
with products , both manufactured and consumed, has increased interest in the development of methods to
better understand and address these impacts. One of the techniques being developed for this purpose is life
cycle assessment (LCA).
LCA can assist in
⎯ identifying opportunities to improve the environmental performance of products at various points in their
life cycle,
⎯ informing decision-makers in industry, government or non-government organizations (e.g. for the purpose
of strategic planning, priority setting, product or process design or redesign),
⎯ the selection of relevant indicators of environmental performance, including measurement techniques,
and
⎯ marketing (e.g. implementing an ecolabelling scheme, making an environmental claim, or producing an
environmental product declaration).
2)
LCA addresses the environmental aspects and potential environmental impacts (e.g. use of resources and
environmental consequences of releases) throughout a product's life cycle from raw material acquisition
through production, use, end-of-life treatment, recycling and final disposal (i.e. cradle-to-grave).
There are four phases in an LCA study:
a) the goal and scope definition phase,
b) the inventory analysis phase,
c) the impact assessment phase, and
d) the interpretation phase.
The scope, including system boundary and level of detail, of an LCA depends on the subject and the intended
use of the study. The depth and the breadth of LCA can differ considerably depending on the goal of a
particular LCA.
The life cycle inventory analysis phase (LCI phase) is the second phase of LCA. It is an inventory of
input/output data with regard to the system being studied. It involves the collection of the data necessary to
meet the goals of the defined study.
The life cycle impact assessment phase (LCIA) is the third phase of the LCA. The purpose of LCIA is to
provide additional information to help assess a product system’s LCI results so as to better understand their
environmental significance.
1) In this International Standard, the term “product” includes services.
2) The “potential environmental impacts” are relative expressions, as they are related to the functional unit of a product
system.
ISO 14044:2006(E)
Life cycle interpretation is the final phase of the LCA procedure, in which the results of an LCI or an LCIA, or
both, are summarized and discussed as a basis for conclusions, recommendations and decision-making in
accordance with the goal and scope definition.
There are cases where the goal of an LCA may be satisfied by performing only an inventory analysis and an
interpretation. This is usually referred to as an LCI study.
This International Standard covers two types of studies: life cycle assessment studies (LCA studies) and life
cycle inventory studies (LCI studies). LCI studies are similar to LCA studies but exclude the LCIA phase. LCI
are not to be confused with the LCI phase of an LCA study.
Generally, the information developed in an LCA or LCI study can be used as part of a much more
comprehensive decision process. Comparing the results of different LCA or LCI studies is only possible if the
assumptions and context of each study are equivalent. Therefore this International Standard contains several
requirements and recommendations to ensure transparency on th
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