Windows - Behaviour between different climates - Test method

This European Standard specifies the test methods for evaluating:
-   the risks of decay of openable and fixed windows manufactured of different materials through increased moisture accumulation as a result of condensation or water vapour diffusion;
-   the influence of deformation on basic performances of openable and fixed windows manufactured of different materials exposed to different climates between their external and internal faces.
Three test methods are to be differentiated. They take into account different cases of loadings.
-   Test method 1: For designs with low resistance to water vapour diffusion (normally designs with water vapour equalization holes); the test procedure is to be used for cross-sections where the danger is given by the moisture accumulation as a result of the condensation of moisture between the planking and the timber (see Annex A (informative), Figure A.1).
-   Test method 2.1 and 2.2: For designs with high resistance to water vapour diffusion (normally designs without water vapour equalization holes); the test procedure is to be used for cross-sections where the danger is given by the condensation of the moisture between the surface of the inner profile and the inner surface of the outer profile by having a different water vapour diffusion (see Annex A (informative), Figures A.2 and A.3).
-   Test method 3: For designs being sensitive to deformation; the test procedure is to be used for cross-sections where they are sensitive to the function through deformation as a result of climatic loading.
This European Standard defines the test procedures which are to be used in dependence of the potential risk of the design.
This European Standard is relevant to initial type testing, i. e. to developments or changes in designs. It is not relevant to routine quality control or to proven designs.
NOTE   Designs are included in Annex A (informative). Annex B (normative) is the survey of general design criteria where tests are not necessary.

Fenster - Differenzklima - Prüfverfahren

Diese Europäische Norm legt die Prüfverfahren fest zur Beurteilung
- der Risiken der Beschädigung sowohl von Fenstern, die zu öffnen sind, als auch von Fenstern mit einer starren Verglasung, die aus verschiedenen Werkstoffen hergestellt sind, durch erhöhte Feuchtigkeits-anreicherung infolge Kondensation oder Wasserdampfdiffusion; - des Einflusses von Verformung auf die grundlegenden Leistungsmerkmale sowohl von Fenstern, die zu öffnen sind, als auch von Fenstern mit einer starren Verglasung, die aus verschiedenen Werkstoffen hergestellt sind, unter Belastung durch unterschiedliche Klimate zwischen den Außen- und Innenflächen. Drei Prüfverfahren sind zu unterscheiden. Diese berücksichtigen verschiedene Belastungsfälle.
- Prüfverfahren 1: Für diffusionsoffene Konstruktionen (üblicherweise Konstruktionen mit Öffnungen zum Wasserdampfausgleich); das Prüfverfahren ist bei Querschnitten anzuwenden, bei denen eine Gefährdung durch eine Feuchtigkeitsanreicherung infolge der Kondensation von Feuchtigkeit zwischen Beplankung und Holz gegeben ist (siehe Anhang A (informativ), Bild A.1).
- Prüfverfahren 2.1 und 2.2: Für diffusionsbehinderte Konstruktionen (üblicherweise Konstruktionen ohne Öffnungen zum Wasserdampfausgleich); das Prüfverfahren ist bei Querschnitten anzuwenden, bei denen eine Gefährdung durch Kondensierung der Feuchtigkeit zwischen der Fläche des Innenprofils und der Innenfläche des Außenprofils infolge der unterschiedlichen Wasserdampfdiffusion gegeben ist (siehe Anhang A (informativ), Bilder A.2 und A.3).
- Prüfverfahren 3: Für verformungsgefährdete Konstruktionen; das Prüfverfahren ist bei Querschnitten anzuwenden, bei denen eine Gefährdung der Funktion durch Verformung infolge Klimabelastung gegeben ist. In dieser Europäischen Norm werden die Prüfverfahren, die abhängig von den Risiken der jeweiligen Konstruktion anzuwenden sind, festgelegt. Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Erstprüfungen, d. h. bei Konstruktionsentwicklungen bzw. -änderungen. Sie gilt nicht für die routinemäßige Qualitätskontrolle und auch nicht für bewährte Konstruktionen. ANMERKUNG Konstruktionsbeispiele sind in Anhang A (informativ) enthalten. Anhang B (normativ) ist die Zusammenstellung allgemeiner Konstruktionskriterien, bei denen Prüfungen nicht erforderlich sind.

Fenêtres - Comportement entre climats différents - Méthode d'essai

La présente norme européenne spécifie les méthodes d’essai permettant d’évaluer :
- les risques de pourrissement des fenêtres ouvrantes et fixes se composant de divers matériaux du fait
d’une accumulation accrue d‘humidité par suite de la condensation ou de la diffusion de vapeur d’eau ;
- l’influence d’une déformation sur les performances de base des fenêtres ouvrantes et fixes réalisées
dans divers matériaux exposés à différents climats entre leurs faces externes et internes.
Il faut distinguer trois modes opératoires d’essai qui prennent en compte des cas différents de mise en
charge.
- Mode opératoire 1 : Pour les conceptions à faible résistance à la diffusion de vapeur d’eau
(normalement des conceptions avec trous d’égalisation de la pression de vapeur d’eau) ; ce mode
opératoire d’essai doit s’appliquer aux sections transversales où le risque résulte de l’accumulation
d’humidité par suite de la condensation entre le capotage et le bois (voir annexe A (informative), Figure
A.1).
- Mode opératoire 2.1 et 2.2 : Pour les conceptions à résistance élevée à la diffusion de vapeur d’eau
(normalement des conceptions sans trous d’égalisation de vapeur d’eau) ; ce mode opératoire d’essai
doit s’appliquer aux sections transversales où le risque résulte de la condensation due à l’humidité entre
la surface du profilé intérieur et la surface intérieure du profilé extérieur ayant une diffusion de vapeur
différente (voir l’annexe A (informative), Figures A.2 et A.3).
- Mode opératoire 3 : Pour les conceptions sensibles à la déformation ; ce mode opératoire doit
s’appliquer aux points des sections transversales où elles réagissent au fonctionnement du fait d’une
déformation résultant de la charge climatique.
La présente norme européenne définit les procédures d’essais qui doivent être utilisées en fonction du risque
potentiel lié à la conception.

Okna - Obnašanje med dvema različnima klimama - Preskusna metoda

Ta evropski standard določa preskusne metode za ocenjevanje: - tveganja za propadanje delno pritrjenih in pritrjenih oken, izdelanih iz različnih materialov, zaradi povečanega nabiranjem vlage, ki je posledica kondenzacije ali difuzije vodnih hlapov; - vpliv deformacije na osnovno delovanje delno pritrjenih in pritrjenih oken, izdelanih iz različnih materialov, izpostavljenih različnim klimam med njihovimi zunanjimi in notranjimi površinami. Razlikujemo tri preskusne metode. Upoštevajo različne primere obremenitve. - Preskusna metoda 1: za načrte z nizko odpornostjo proti difuziji vodnih hlapov (običajno načrti z luknjami za izravnavo vodnih hlapov); uporablja se preskusni postopek za prečne prereze, kjer je nevarnost podana v obliki nabiranja vlage, ki je posledica kondenzacije vlage med desko in lesom. - Preskusna metoda 2.1 in 2.2: za načrte z visoko odpornostjo proti difuziji vodnih hlapov (običajno načrti brez lukenj za izravnavo vodnih hlapov); uporablja se preskusni postopek za prečne prereze, kjer je nevarnost podana v obliki kondenziranja vlage med površino notranjega profila in notranjo površino zunanjega profila z različnima difuzijama vodnih hlapov. - Preskusna metoda 3: za za deformacijo občutljive načrte; preskusni postopek se uporablja za prečne prereze, kjer so občutljivi za delovanje prek deformacije zaradi klimatskih obremenitev. Ta evropski standard določa preskusne postopke, ki naj se uporabljajo odvisno od potencialnih tveganj načrta. Ta evropski standard ustreza začetnemu tipskemu preskušanja, tj. razvoju ali spremembam v načrtih. Ni ustrezen za rutinski nadzor kakovosti ali za preverjene načrte.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
26-Apr-2011
Withdrawal Date
30-Oct-2011
Current Stage
9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
Start Date
14-Jun-2022
Completion Date
14-Apr-2025

Relations

Effective Date
23-Apr-2011

Overview

EN 13420:2011 - Windows: Behaviour between different climates - Test method (CEN) defines laboratory test procedures to assess how windows manufactured from different materials behave when exposed to contrasting internal and external climates. The standard evaluates:

  • the risk of decay from moisture accumulation due to condensation or water‑vapour diffusion; and
  • the influence of deformation on essential window functions (serviceability, air permeability, operating forces).

EN 13420:2011 is intended for initial type testing (new designs or design changes), not routine production quality control.

Key topics and requirements

  • Three test methods matched to design risk:
    • Test method 1 - for designs with low resistance to water vapour diffusion (e.g., designs with vapour equalisation holes). Cyclic temperature loading is applied until moisture equilibrium or 100 cycles.
    • Test methods 2.1 / 2.2 - for designs with high resistance to vapour diffusion (e.g., sealed profiles). Constant climatic exposure is applied (30–60 days) until moisture equilibrium or visible condensation.
    • Test method 3 - for designs sensitive to deformation. Thermal loading cycles assess dimensional changes and functional impairment (24 h per climate).
  • Climatic conditions include cold (‑10 °C), temperate (23 °C) and hot (surface up to ~60–75 °C) exposures and specified relative humidity levels; the standard defines cycle durations and acceptance criteria for moisture and deformation.
  • Measurement and accuracy: moisture meters (electric hygrometer ±1 %), deformation measurement (accuracy 0.1 mm), and test rig requirements referenced to EN 1121/EN 1026.
  • Specimen preparation: mounted per manufacturer instructions, operable, opened/closed five times before testing, then secured closed and locked during exposure.
  • Documentation: test report must include specimen identification, drawings (1:1), test climates, moisture and deformation results, and performance before/after tests.

Practical applications and users

EN 13420:2011 is used by:

  • Window and façade manufacturers developing composite windows (timber/aluminium, aluminium/clad timber, PVC with metal cladding).
  • R&D and product development teams performing initial type testing for new profiles and material combinations.
  • Independent test laboratories and certification bodies validating durability against vapour diffusion, condensation and climate‑induced deformation.
  • Architects, specifiers and façade engineers referencing durability criteria for building envelopes in varying climates.

Practical benefits include improved durability design, reduced risk of hidden decay (wet spots at interfaces), and ensuring long‑term operability and air‑tightness under real climate differentials.

Related standards

Normative and referenced documents include EN 1026, EN 1121, EN 12046‑1, EN 12207, EN 12519, and EN 13115 - used together with EN 13420 for full performance assessment and reporting.

Frequently Asked Questions

EN 13420:2011 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Windows - Behaviour between different climates - Test method". This standard covers: This European Standard specifies the test methods for evaluating: - the risks of decay of openable and fixed windows manufactured of different materials through increased moisture accumulation as a result of condensation or water vapour diffusion; - the influence of deformation on basic performances of openable and fixed windows manufactured of different materials exposed to different climates between their external and internal faces. Three test methods are to be differentiated. They take into account different cases of loadings. - Test method 1: For designs with low resistance to water vapour diffusion (normally designs with water vapour equalization holes); the test procedure is to be used for cross-sections where the danger is given by the moisture accumulation as a result of the condensation of moisture between the planking and the timber (see Annex A (informative), Figure A.1). - Test method 2.1 and 2.2: For designs with high resistance to water vapour diffusion (normally designs without water vapour equalization holes); the test procedure is to be used for cross-sections where the danger is given by the condensation of the moisture between the surface of the inner profile and the inner surface of the outer profile by having a different water vapour diffusion (see Annex A (informative), Figures A.2 and A.3). - Test method 3: For designs being sensitive to deformation; the test procedure is to be used for cross-sections where they are sensitive to the function through deformation as a result of climatic loading. This European Standard defines the test procedures which are to be used in dependence of the potential risk of the design. This European Standard is relevant to initial type testing, i. e. to developments or changes in designs. It is not relevant to routine quality control or to proven designs. NOTE Designs are included in Annex A (informative). Annex B (normative) is the survey of general design criteria where tests are not necessary.

This European Standard specifies the test methods for evaluating: - the risks of decay of openable and fixed windows manufactured of different materials through increased moisture accumulation as a result of condensation or water vapour diffusion; - the influence of deformation on basic performances of openable and fixed windows manufactured of different materials exposed to different climates between their external and internal faces. Three test methods are to be differentiated. They take into account different cases of loadings. - Test method 1: For designs with low resistance to water vapour diffusion (normally designs with water vapour equalization holes); the test procedure is to be used for cross-sections where the danger is given by the moisture accumulation as a result of the condensation of moisture between the planking and the timber (see Annex A (informative), Figure A.1). - Test method 2.1 and 2.2: For designs with high resistance to water vapour diffusion (normally designs without water vapour equalization holes); the test procedure is to be used for cross-sections where the danger is given by the condensation of the moisture between the surface of the inner profile and the inner surface of the outer profile by having a different water vapour diffusion (see Annex A (informative), Figures A.2 and A.3). - Test method 3: For designs being sensitive to deformation; the test procedure is to be used for cross-sections where they are sensitive to the function through deformation as a result of climatic loading. This European Standard defines the test procedures which are to be used in dependence of the potential risk of the design. This European Standard is relevant to initial type testing, i. e. to developments or changes in designs. It is not relevant to routine quality control or to proven designs. NOTE Designs are included in Annex A (informative). Annex B (normative) is the survey of general design criteria where tests are not necessary.

EN 13420:2011 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 91.060.50 - Doors and windows. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

EN 13420:2011 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ENV 13420:2000. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

You can purchase EN 13420:2011 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.

Standards Content (Sample)


2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Fenster - Differenzklima - PrüfverfahrenFenêtres - Comportement entre climats différents - Méthode d'essaiWindows - Behaviour between different climates - Test method91.060.50Vrata in oknaDoors and windowsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13420:2011SIST EN 13420:2011en,fr,de01-oktober-2011SIST EN 13420:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST ENV 13420:20011DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13420
April 2011 ICS 91.060.50 Supersedes ENV 13420:2000English Version
Windows - Behaviour between different climates - Test method Fenêtres - Comportement entre climats différents - Méthode d'essai
Fenster - Differenzklima - Prüfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 March 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13420:2011: ESIST EN 13420:2011

Design principles . 12Annex B (normative)
Survey of general design criteria where tests are not necessary . 13 SIST EN 13420:2011
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

Loading comments...

This European Standard, EN 13420:2011, outlines the test methods for evaluating the behavior of different materials used in openable and fixed windows under various climates. The standard aims to assess the risks of decay caused by moisture accumulation from condensation or water vapor diffusion, as well as the impact of deformation on window performance. Three test methods are provided, each tailored to different scenarios and loadings. Test method 1 is for designs with low resistance to water vapor diffusion, test methods 2.1 and 2.2 are for designs with high resistance, and test method 3 is for designs sensitive to deformation. The standard only applies to initial type testing for new or modified designs, and does not cover routine quality control or proven designs. Annex A provides informative figures of different design examples, while Annex B outlines general design criteria where testing is not necessary.

この記事は、EN 13420:2011という欧州規格についてです。この規格は、異なる気候条件下で使用される開閉式および固定式の窓の材料の振る舞いを評価するためのテスト方法を定めています。この規格は、結露や水蒸気拡散による増加した湿気蓄積による劣化リスク、および外部と内部の面の間で露出した異なる材料で製造された開閉式および固定式の窓の基本的な性能に対する変形の影響を評価することを目的としています。3つのテスト方法があり、異なる負荷の状況に対応しています。テスト方法1は、水蒸気拡散に対する抵抗力が低い設計に使用され、通常、水蒸気均等化孔がある設計における湿気蓄積による危険性を評価します。テスト方法2.1および2.2は、水蒸気拡散に対する抵抗力が高い設計に使用され、内部プロファイルの表面と外部プロファイルの内部表面との間の湿気の結露による危険性を評価します。テスト方法3は、変形に敏感な設計に使用され、気候負荷による変形によって機能に敏感なクロスセクションで使用されます。この欧州規格では、潜在的なリスクに応じて使用されるべきテスト手順を定義しています。この欧州規格は、新規または変更された設計に対する初期の型式試験に関連しており、一般的な品質管理や実証済みの設計には関係しません。注記として、設計に関する詳細な情報は付録Aに含まれており、テストが必要ない一般的な設計基準は付録Bに記載されています。

유럽 표준인 EN 13420:2011은 다양한 기후 조건에서 개방식 및 고정식 창문에 사용되는 다양한 재료의 동작을 평가하기 위한 시험 방법을 규정합니다. 이 표준은 응결 또는 수증기 확산으로 인한 증가된 수분 축적으로 인한 부패 위험과 기후의 외부 및 내부 면 사이에 노출된 다양한 재료로 제작된 개방식 및 고정식 창문의 기본 성능에 대한 변형의 영향을 평가합니다. 세 가지의 시험 방법은 다른 하중 사례를 고려합니다. 시험 방법 1은 수증기 확산에 대한 저항력이 낮은 설계에 사용되며, 주로 수증기 균등화 구멍이 있는 설계에 대해 수분 축적으로 인한 위험을 평가합니다. 시험 방법 2.1과 2.2는 수증기 확산에 대한 저항력이 높은 설계에 사용되며, 내부 프로필의 표면과 외부 프로필의 내부 표면 사이의 수분의 응결에 대한 위험을 평가합니다. 시험 방법 3은 변형에 민감한 설계에 사용되며, 기후 하중으로 인한 변형으로 인해 기능에 민감한 크로스 섹션에서 사용됩니다. 이 유럽 표준은 잠재적인 위험에 따라 사용되어야 할 시험 절차를 정의합니다. 이 유럽 표준은 초기 형식 시험에 대해 관련이 있으며, 일상적인 품질 관리나 입증된 설계에는 관련이 없습니다. 참고로, 설계에 대한 자세한 내용은 부록 A에 포함되어 있으며, 시험이 필요하지 않은 일반적인 설계 기준은 부록 B에서 설명됩니다.