CEN/TR 16149:2011
(Main)Guidance Document for drafting CEN/TC 158 Standards
Guidance Document for drafting CEN/TC 158 Standards
This document has been produced by the convenors of CEN/TC158 working groups. It is intended to serve as a guide, to be consulted when drafting new EN standards for head protection and when revising or amending existing ones.
Whilst implementation of its contents is not mandatory, working groups are urged not to make deviations from this guidance document without good cause.
This is a living document - omissions will be covered in later issues.
In this document, reference is made FprCEN/TR 16148, Head and neck impact, burn and noise injury criteria. This gives further guidance about the areas of the head which helmet standards should aim to protect, and about head and neck injuries.
The working group should assess the foreseeable risks against which the helmet should provide protection. Each of the helmet standards should provide for a helmet, which will offer optimum protection to the head against these foreseeable risks and should satisfy the Basic Health and Safety Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC to the extent indicated in annex ZA of the helmet standard.
Helmet standards should indicate, in an informative annex, how the level of performance requirements specified relates to the severity of injury to be tolerated. Working groups should refer to FprCEN/TR 16148 when drafting this annex.
Reference is also made to EN 13087, Protective helmets, Test methods. This standard provides harmonized methods of test for many of the topics listed below. The various parts of EN 13087 are listed in the Bibliography.
Leitfaden für die Erarbeitung von Normen des CEN/TC 158
Üblicherweise enthält eine Helmnorm einen Abschnitt zu Anforderungen und einen Abschnitt zu Prüfungen.
1.1 Abschnitt zu Anforderungen
Es sollten immer mindestens die nachfolgend angegebenen Themengebiete angesprochen werden. Weitere Anforderungen, die hier nicht enthalten sind, sind vom Typ des Helms abhängig, für den die Norm geschrieben wird.
Die Auswahl der Leistungsanforderungen sollte auf dem Risiko für den Träger beruhen und seiner Fähigkeit, während des Helmtragens die auszuführenden Aufgaben zu erfüllen.
Es wird empfohlen, dass diese Kriterien in der Einleitung zur Helmnorm angegeben werden (und möglicherweise ebenfalls im Anwendungsbereich), damit die Risiken und Arbeitsaktivitäten, die die Norm umfassen soll, klargestellt sind. Es kann außerdem sinnvoll sein, den Verletzungsgrad anzugeben, der als tolerierbar betrachtet wird, wenn der Helm die Leistungsanforderungen erfüllt. Das muss vorsichtig formuliert werden – es solltedarf weder der Eindruck entstehen, dass dadurch der Anwender von der Notwendigkeit befreit ist, seine eigene Risikobeurteilung vor der Auswahl/Verwendung eines Helms durchzuführen, noch sollte ausgeschlossen werden, dass der Helm wohlüberlegt außerhalb seines eigentlichen Anwendungsbereichs verwendet wird.
Die Stufe der Leistungsanforderung sollte auf dem Schweregrad der zu tolerierenden Verletzung beruhen. Für eine besondere Leitlinie zum entsprechenden Thema ist auf CEN/TR 16148 zu verweisen. Ist eine Leistungsanforderung vorhanden, muss auch ein entsprechendes Prüfverfahren vorliegen.
1.2 Abschnitt zu Prüfungen
Bevor eine Prüfung für eine besondere Anforderung festgelegt wird, ist zu überprüfen, ob ein entsprechender Teil von EN 13087 vorhanden ist. Ist das nicht der Fall oder wird EN 13087 von der Arbeitsgruppe nicht als geeignet empfunden, sollte die Arbeitsgruppe ein Prüfverfahren erstellen und es in die Helmnorm aufnehmen.
Document directeur pour la rédaction des normes CEN/TC 158
En règle générale, une norme sur les casques de protection comprend un article relatif aux exigences et un
article relatif aux essais.
1.1 Exigences
Il convient au minimum de toujours traiter les sujets énumérés ci-dessous. Les autres exigences, ne figurant
pas dans le présent document, dépendent du type de casque auquel la norme est consacrée.
Il convient de décider du choix des exigences de performance en fonction du risque pour le porteur et de la
capacité à réaliser les tâches à entreprendre en portant le casque.
Il est recommandé de spécifier ces critères dans l’introduction à la norme sur les casques de protection (et si
possible également dans le Domaine d’application) afin de clarifier les risques et les activités entreprises que
la norme est destinée à couvrir. Il peut également se révéler utile de spécifier le niveau de blessure considéré
comme tolérable lorsque le casque satisfait à ses exigences de performance. Ceci doit être formulé avec soin
- en effet il convient de ne pas suggérer de pouvoir remplacer la nécessité pour l’utilisateur de réaliser sa
propre évaluation des risques avant de choisir/utiliser un casque, ni d’exclure l’utilisation prudente du casque
en dehors de son domaine principal d’application.
Il convient de fonder le niveau des exigences de performance en fonction de la gravité des blessures
tolérables. Se reporter au CEN/TR 16148 pour des recommandations spécifiques sur le sujet correspondant.
L’existence d’une exigence de performance implique nécessairement une méthode d’essai correspondante.
1.2 Essais
Avant de spécifier un essai pour une exigence particulière, vérifier s’il n’existe pas une partie correspondante
de l’EN 13087 applicable. Dans le cas contraire, ou si la méthode de l’EN 13087 est considérée comme
inappropriée par le WG (groupe de travail), il convient que le WG rédige une méthode d’essai et l’inclue dans
la norme sur les casques de protection.
Navodilo za načrtovanje standardov CEN/TC 158
Ta dokument so izdelali sklicatelji CEN/TC158 delovnih skupin. Namenjen je uporabi kot vodilo, ki se upošteva pri pripravi novih standardov EN za varovanje glave in pri revidiranju in spreminjanju obstoječih.
Čeprav izvajanje njegove vsebine ni obvezno, so delovne skupine pozvane, da ne odstopajo od tega pisnega navodila brez dobrega razloga.
To je živ dokument - opustitve bodo zajete v poznejših izdajah.
V tem dokumentu je podano sklicevanje na FprCEN/TR 16148, Merila za določanje poškodbe glave in vratu, ki nastanejo zaradi udarca, opekline ali hrupa. To podaja nadaljnje vodilo o področjih glave, k varovanju katerih bi morali stremeti standardi o čeladah, in o poškodbah glave in vratu.
Delovna skupina mora oceniti predvidljiva tveganja, pred katerimi mora varovati čelada. Vsak izmed standardov o čeladah mora biti pripravljen za čelado, ki bo optimalno zaščitila glavo pred temi predvidljivimi tveganji, in izpolnjevati osnovne zdravstvene in varnostne zahteve evropske Direktive 89/686/EGS v obsegu, navedenem v dodatku standarda o čeladi ZA.
Standardi za čelade morajo v informativnemu dodatku navajati, kako se raven nekaterih zahtev po zmogljivosti nanaša na resnost poškodbe, ki se dopušča. Delovne skupine morajo pri pripravi tega dodatka upoštevati FprCEN/TR 16148.
Podano je tudi sklicevanje na EN 13087, Varovalne čelade, Preskusne metode. Ta standard določa usklajene metode preskušanja za številne teme, navedene v nadaljevanju. Različni deli EN 13087 so navedeni v bibliografiji.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2011
1DYRGLOR]DQDþUWRYDQMHVWDQGDUGRY&(17&
Guidance Document for drafting CEN/TC 158 Standards
Leitfaden für die Erarbeitung von Normen des CEN/TC 158
Document directeur pour la rédaction des normes CEN/TC 158
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 16149:2011
ICS:
13.340.20 Varovalna oprema za glavo Head protective equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 16149
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
March 2011
ICS 13.340.20
English Version
Guidance Document for drafting CEN/TC 158 Standards
Document directeur pour la rédaction des normes CEN/TC Leitfaden für die Erarbeitung von Normen des CEN/TC 158
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 27 December 2010. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 158.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 16149:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 General .6
2 Type of injuries .6
3 Areas of coverage, areas to be protected and areas to be tested .6
4 Field of vision .7
5 Helmet sizes .8
6 Ventilation .8
7 Mass .8
8 Comfort .8
9 Skin irritation .9
10 Innocuousness of materials .9
11 Ignitability / Flame resistance .9
12 Corrosion .9
13 Combined and combination PPE and accessories .9
14 Compatibility with other headgear . 10
15 Compatibility with other PPE . 10
16 Shock absorption. 10
17 Rotational effects . 10
18 Penetration . 11
19 Crush and rigidity . 11
20 Retention system strength . 12
21 Retention system effectiveness . 12
22 Radiant heat . 13
23 Electrical and electrostatic properties . 13
24 Protection against molten metal . 14
25 Testing scheme . 14
26 Pre-conditioning . 15
27 Conditioning . 15
28 Pre-requisites for the testing . 15
29 Sizes of headforms . 15
30 Application of the uncertainty of measurement . 16
31 Marking and labelling . 16
32 Information to be supplied by the manufacturer for users . 17
33 Life of helmet . 18
34 Terms and definitions . 18
35 Annex ZA of the PPE Directive . 19
Annex A (informative) Combined and combination PPE and accessories . 20
Annex B (informative) Application of uncertainty of measurement . 21
Bibliography . 23
Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 16149:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 158 “Head
Protection”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Introduction
This document has been produced by the convenors of CEN/TC158 working groups. It is intended to serve as
a guide, to be consulted when drafting new EN standards for head protection and when revising or amending
existing ones.
Whilst implementation of its contents is not mandatory, working groups are urged not to make deviations from
this guidance document without good cause.
This is a living document – omissions will be covered in later issues.
In this document, reference is made to CEN/TR 16148, Head and neck impact, burn and noise injury criteria
A Guide for CEN helmet standards committees. This gives further guidance about the areas of the head
which helmet standards should aim to protect, and about head and neck injuries.
The working group should assess the foreseeable risks against which the helmet should provide protection.
Each of the helmet standards should provide for a helmet, which will offer optimum protection to the head
against these foreseeable risks and should satisfy the Basic Health and Safety Requirements of EU Directive
89/686/EEC to the extent indicated in Annex ZA of the helmet standard.
Helmet standards should indicate, in an informative annex, how the level of performance requirements
specified relates to the severity of injury to be tolerated. Working groups should refer to CEN/TR 16148 when
drafting this annex.
Reference is also made to EN 13087 (all parts), Protective helmets Test methods. This standard provides
harmonized methods of test for many of the topics listed below. The various parts of EN 13087 are listed in
the Bibliography.
1 General
Typically, a helmet standard will include a Requirements section and a Testing section.
1.1 Requirements section
The topics listed below should always be addressed, as a minimum. Other requirements, not included here,
will be dependent upon the type of helmet for which the standard is being written.
The choice of performance requirements should be based upon the risk to the wearer and the ability to
perform the tasks to be undertaken whilst wearing the helmet.
It is recommended that these criteria be stated in the introduction to the helmet standard (and possibly also in
the Scope) so that the risks and work activities that the standard intends to cover are made clear. It may also
be useful to state the injury level that is regarded as tolerable when the helmet meets its performance
requirements. This needs to be phrased with care – it should not suggest that it can replace the need for the
user to conduct their own risk assessment before choosing/using a helmet, nor should it exclude the helmet
from carefully considered use outside its primary field of use.
The level of performance requirement should be based upon the severity of injury to be tolerated. Refer to
CEN/TR 16148 for specific guidance on the relevant topic. If there is a performance requirement then there
must be a corresponding test method.
1.2 Testing section
Before specifying a test for a particular requirement, check to see if there is a relevant part of EN 13087. If
there is not, or if the EN 13087 method is not considered suitable by the WG, then the WG should write a test
method and include it in the helmet standard.
2 Type of injuries
This topic is covered in CEN/TR 16148.
3 Areas of coverage, areas to be protected and areas to be tested
The following three areas are variously mentioned in many helmet standards. For the purpose of this
document, they are defined and explained as follows.
1) ‘Area to be tested’ - the area /points on the helmet which will be subjected to a performance test (not
only a visual assessment). This area may include ventilation features.
2) ‘Area to be protected’ - the area/points on a head or headform for which protection is
intended/deemed to be provided by the helmet. This area should correspond to the parts of the head
that are intended to be protected from injury, as described at the end of this section.
The helmet standard should specify performance and, if necessary, constructional requirements for all areas
designated as areas to be protected. It is preferable for the ‘area to be protected’ to be entirely described by
the area to be tested, i.e. to be defined only by performance requirements.
However, if performance testing of some parts of the ‘area to be protected’ is deemed by the working group to
be too complex or difficult, then a constructional requirement may be used – e.g. specify a minimum thickness
of the shell or liner or both and that the shell or liner or both shall be of the same density and material as
within the test area. Such a constructional requirement should be carefully considered, and in particular the
validity of the assumption, that a similar thickness of shell or liner or both at different points on the helmet will
afford similar impact performance at those different points, should be examined.
Therefore, the ‘area to be protected’ will include, but may extend beyond, the area to be tested by a
performance test, (1) above.
3) ‘Area of coverage’, ‘extent of coverage’ - the area/points on a head or headform which are intended
to be covered by the helmet; currently assessed visually in several helmet standards. These, and
similar, terms should not be used within helmet standards because they are not relevant to the
protective function of the helmet. They are subjective, cause confusion and lead to differences in
interpretation.
For each performance requirement (e.g. shock absorption, resistance to penetration, etc), the working group
should determine requirements for areas (1) and (2). These should be defined and assessed using the
appropriate test headform, specified in the helmet standard.
For example, EN 1078:1997 states specifically:
“4.4 Shock absorbing capacity
The helmet shall give protection to the forehead, rear, sides, temples and crown of the head.”
Standards should be no less descriptive than this example and should consider the need to be more
descriptive with reference to N551. F
...
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