CEN/TS 16115-2:2016

Ambient air - Measurement of bioaerosols - Part 2: Planning and evaluation of plant-related plume measurements

This document describes the general requirements to be taken into account in planning and implementing plant-related plume measurements of microbial air pollutants. A basic principle of this method is to compare the concentrations in air unaffected by the activities of the plant (i.e. background air sampled upwind of the plant) with the concentration of bioaerosols in air downwind of the plant. It is this comparison that allows an assessment of the plant-related contribution and the mean spatial impact range to be made. As it has so far not been possible to set limit values based on dose-response relationships, the mean impact range is to be used as a first criterion for assessing the environmental impact of a plant.
The scale of work for the plume measurements described is necessary to obtain statistically representative data about the impact range of the plant and/or source, taking into account the great variety of influencing factors.
Plant-related measurements of bioaerosol concentrations in ambient air may be required in a number of regulatory situations. Examples of typical measurement objectives and indicative application scenarios are presented in the document. This method specifies the simultaneous measurement of background and downwind air quality to reduce the risk of invalid comparisons resulting from changing background air concentrations. Another important principle of this method is the requirement for repeated measures to take into account day to day and seasonal variations in the processes governing bioaerosol emissions and dispersion.
The objective is to analyse a given measurement problem and derive the associated requirements for organization, the measurement method, the sampling strategy, the evaluation of the measured data, quality assurance and reporting.

Außenluft - Messen von Bioaerosolen - Teil 2: Planung und Auswertung von anlagenbezogenen Fahnenmessungen

In diesem Dokument werden die allgemeinen Anforderungen beschrieben, die bei der Planung und Umsetzung anlagenbezogener Messungen der mikrobiellen Belastung der Außenluft zu berücksichtigen sind. Ein Grundprinzip dieses Verfahrens besteht darin, die Konzentration in der nicht durch die Anlagentätigkeit beeinflussten Luft (d. h. der im Luv der Anlage beprobte Hintergrundluft) mit der Konzentration an Bioaerosolen in der Luft im Lee der Anlage zu vergleichen. Dieser Vergleich ermöglicht eine Beurteilung des anlagenbezogenen Beitrags und der mittleren räumlichen Reichweite. Da es bisher noch nicht möglich war, Grenzwerte auf der Grundlage von Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehungen festzulegen, ist die mittlere Reichweite als ein erstes Kriterium für die Beurteilung der Umweltbelastung durch eine Anlage zu nutzen.
Der mit den hier beschriebenen Fahnenmessungen verbundene Arbeitsaufwand ist erforderlich, um unter Berücksichtigung der großen Vielzahl an Einflussfaktoren statistisch repräsentative Daten zur Reichweite der Anlage und/oder Quelle zu erhalten.
Anlagenbezogene Messungen der Bioaerosolkonzentrationen in der Außenluft können in einer Reihe von regulatorischen Situationen erforderlich sein. Das Dokument enthält Beispiele typischer Messaufgaben und indikativer Anwendungsszenarien. Dieses Verfahren legt die zeitgleiche Messung der Beschaffenheit der Hintergrundluft und der Luftbeschaffenheit im Lee fest, um das Risiko ungültiger Vergleiche aufgrund sich ändernder Hintergrund-Luftkonzentrationen zu verringern. Ein weiterer wichtiger Grundsatz dieses Verfahrens besteht in der Forderung nach Wiederholungsmessungen, um die tagesbezogenen und jahreszeitlichen Schwankungen in den Prozessen zu erfassen, die der Emission und Ausbreitung von Bioaerosolen zugrunde liegen.
Das Ziel besteht in der Analyse eines gegebenen Messproblems und der Ableitung der zugehörigen Anforderungen an Organisation, Messverfahren, Probenahmestrategie, Bewertung der Messdaten, Qualitätssicherung und Berichterstattung.

Qualité de l’air ambiant - Mesurage de bioaérosols - Partie 2 : Planification et évaluation des mesurages dans le panache de fumée des installations industrielles

Le présent document décrit les exigences générales à prendre en compte lors de la planification et de la mise en oeuvre de mesurages dans le panache de fumée d’une installation industrielle afin de déterminer les polluants microbiens présent dans l’air ambiant. Le principe de base de cette méthode est de comparer les concentrations dans l’air non affectées par les activités de l’installation industrielle (c’est-à-dire l’atmosphère de fond prélevée en amont) avec la concentration des bioaérosols dans l’air en aval de cette installation. Cette comparaison permet d’évaluer la contribution liée à l’installation et de déterminer la portée d’impact moyen dans l’espace. Comme il a été jusqu’à présent impossible de fixer des valeurs limites basées sur des relations dose-effet, la portée d’impact moyen doit servir de premier critère pour évaluer l’impact d’une installation industrielle sur l’environnement.
La charge de travail décrite en termes de mesurage dans le panache est requise pour obtenir des données statistiquement représentatives de la portée d’impact de l’installation industrielle et/ou de la source, en tenant compte de la grande diversité des facteurs influents.
Les mesurages des concentrations de bioaérosols dans l’air ambiant au niveau d’une installation industrielle peuvent être exigés par un certain nombre de situations réglementaires. Le présent document donne des exemples d’objectifs de mesure types et des scénarios d’application à titre indicatif. Cette méthode spécifie le mesurage simultané de la qualité de l’air ambiant et de l’air en aval afin de réduire le risque de comparaisons non valables résultant de variations des concentrations atmosphériques de fond. Un autre principe important de cette méthode est l’exigence de mesurages répétés afin de tenir compte des variations d’un jour à l’autre et des variations saisonnières dans les processus régissant les émissions et la dispersion des aérosols.
L’objectif est d’analyser un problème de mesurage particulier et d’en déduire les exigences associées concernant l’organisation, la méthode de mesure, la stratégie d’échantillonnage, l’évaluation des données mesurées, l’assurance qualité et la production de rapports.

Zunanji zrak - Meritve bioaerosolov - 2. del: Načrtovanje in vrednotenje meritev industrijskih izpustov

Ta dokument opisuje splošne zahteve, ki jih je treba upoštevati pri načrtovanju in vrednotenju meritev industrijskih izpustov mikrobnih onesnaževal zraka. Osnovno načelo te metode je primerjava koncentracij v zraku brez vpliva dejavnosti v obratu (tj. zrak v ozadju, vzorčen v smeri vetra proti obratu) s koncentracijo bioaerosolov v zraku, vzorčenih v smeri vetra stran od obrata. Ta primerjava omogoča oceno prispevka obrata in povprečnega obsega prostorskega vpliva. Ker doslej ni bilo mogoče določiti mejnih vrednosti na podlagi razmerij med odzivi na odmerek, je treba povprečni obseg prostorskega vpliva uporabiti kot prvo merilo pri ocenjevanju vpliva obrata na okolje.
Obseg dela za opisane meritve izpustov je nujen za pridobitev statistično reprezentativnih podatkov o obsegu vpliva obrata in/ali vira na okolje, pri čemer je treba upoštevati veliko število drugih dejavnikov.
Meritve koncentracij bioaerosolov v zunanjem zraku se lahko zahtevajo v različnih regulativnih okoljih. V dokumentu so predstavljeni primeri tipičnih ciljev meritev in indikativnih scenarijev. Ta metoda določa hkratno merjenje kakovosti zraka v ozadju in zraka v smeri stran od tovarne, da se zmanjša nevarnost neveljavnih primerjav, ki so posledica spreminjanja koncentracije zraka v ozadju. Drugo pomembno načelo te metode je zahteva, da ponovljene meritve upoštevajo vsakodnevne in sezonske spremembe pri postopkih, ki upravljajo emisije in disperzije bioaerosola.
Cilj je analizirati določeno merilno težavo in izpeljati povezane zahteve za organizacijo, merilno metodo, strategijo vzorčenja, ovrednotenje izmerjenih podatkov, zagotavljanje kakovosti in poročanje.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 06-Dec-2016
• ICS: 13.040.20 - Ambient atmospheres
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 264 - Air quality
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 264/WG 28 - Measurement of airborne microorganisms in ambient air
• Current Stage: 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
• Completion Date: 11-Oct-2022
• Ref Project: SIST-TS CEN/TS 16115-2:2017 - Ambient air - Measurement of bioaerosols - Part 2: Planning and evaluation of plant-related plume measurements

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2017
=XQDQML]UDN0HULWYHELRDHURVRORYGHO1DþUWRYDQMHLQYUHGQRWHQMHPHULWHY
LQGXVWULMVNLKL]SXVWRY
Ambient air - Measurement of bioaerosols - Part 2: Planning and evaluation of plant-
related plume measurements
Außenluft - Messen von Bioaerosolen - Teil 2: Planung und Auswertung von
anlagenbezogenen Fahnenmessungen
Qualité de l’air ambiant - Mesurage de bioaérosols - Partie 2 : Planification et évaluation
des mesurages dans le panache de fumée des installations industrielles
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 16115-2:2016
ICS:
13.040.20 Kakovost okoljskega zraka Ambient atmospheres
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

CEN/TS 16115-2
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
December 2016
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
ICS 13.040.20
English Version
Ambient air - Measurement of bioaerosols - Part 2:
Planning and evaluation of plant-related plume
measurements
Qualité de l'air ambiant - Mesurage de bioaérosols - Außenluft - Messen von Bioaerosolen - Teil 2: Planung
Partie 2 : Planification et évaluation des mesurages und Auswertung von anlagenbezogenen
dans le panache de fumée des installations Fahnenmessungen
industrielles
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 5 October 2016 for provisional application.

The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to
submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.

CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS
available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in
parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 16115-2:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Key principles of sampling and assessment . 9
5 Measurement objective and applications . 10
5.1 General . 10
5.2 Indicative applications . 10
6 Relevant plants . 11
7 Measurement parameters. 12
8 Meteorological conditions . 12
8.1 General . 12
8.2 Determination of meteorological conditions prior to the ambient air measurement . 13
8.3 Determination of meteorological conditions during the ambient air measurement . 13
9 Determination of upwind concentration . 13
10 Measurement strategy for plume measurements . 14
10.1 General . 14
10.2 Principle and objective of plume measurements . 15
10.3 Contextual information . 15
11 Measurement area, sampling locations and siting . 16
11.1 General . 16
11.2 Measurement area . 16
11.3 Sampling locations: Siting . 16
11.3.1 General . 16
11.3.2 Sampling location: Siting for point sources . 16
11.3.3 Sampling location: Siting for area sources and extended sources . 18
11.3.4 Sampling location: Siting for central traverse model . 20
11.3.5 Sampling location: Siting in the case of cold air drainage . 20
12 Measurement period, sampling frequency and sampling duration . 20
13 Evaluation . 21
14 Measurement report . 21
15 Quality assurance . 22
15.1 Plausibility check of individual values . 22
15.2 Quality criteria . 22
16 Limitations . 22
Annex A (informative) Measurement parameter and indicator organisms . 23
A.1 General . 23
A.2 Notes on the use of Table A.1 . 23
Annex B (informative) Determination of the measurement parameter-specific mean impact
range . 29
B.1 General . 29
B.2 Median concentration – mean impact . 29
B.3 Determination of mean impact range . 29
B.4 Arithmetic mean of upwind concentration . 31
B.5 Determination of receptor-oriented plant impact . 31
B.6 Assessment of a potential plant-related impact . 31
B.7 Sensitive receptor and determination of peak concentration . 32
B.8 Example calculation . 32
B.8.1 General . 32
B.8.2 Fan measurement . 33
B.8.3 Central traverse measurement . 35
B.8.4 Comparison of results of both methods . 36
B.9 Software . 36
B.9.1 General . 36
B.9.2 Application instructions . 37
Annex C (informative) Minimum requirements for plume measurements . 38
C.1 General . 38
C.2 Minimum requirements for the determination of the spatial concentration
distribution . 38
C.3 Minimum requirements for the determination of the median to calculate the mean
impact range . 38
C.4 Minimum requirements for the determination of the 96th percentile concentration . 38
C.5 Minimum requirements for the determination of the arithmetic mean . 39
Annex D (informative) Documentation of measurement preparation (measurement plan) . 40
Bibliography . 41

European foreword
This document (CEN/TS 16115-2:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air
quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
CEN/TS 16115 consists of several parts dealing with the determination of bioaerosols in ambient air:
— Part 1: Determination of moulds using filter sampling systems and culture-based analyses;
— Part 2: Planning and evaluation of plant-related plume measurements.
The basic requirements of the determination of bioaerosols are first published as Technical
Specifications. The precision and the performance characteristics of bioaerosol measurements should
be determined in comparison and validation trials in order to validate the method(s). Based on the
validation results the Technical Specifications can be transferred to European Standards. For this
purpose it is intended to apply for mandated support by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association using the Technical Specifications as a basis for validation measurements.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
Airborne particles of biological origin are called bioaerosols. Natu
...