EN 50176:2025
(Main)Automatic electrostatic application systems for ignitable liquid coating materials - Safety requirements
Automatic electrostatic application systems for ignitable liquid coating materials - Safety requirements
1.1 This document specifies the electrical requirements for the design of automatic electrostatic application systems for liquid coating materials which can be ignited in an atomised state, used within a temperature range from 5 °C to 40 °C. This document considers automatic electrostatic application systems for processing ignitable liquid coating materials, where the conductivity of the complete system is limited up to 50 nS/cm. Together with additional measures like e.g. potential separation systems, these requirements can also be applied to ignitable liquid coating materials, where the conductivity of the complete system is limited up to 2 000 μS/cm. Ignition hazards related to the generated explosive atmosphere and the protection of persons against electric shock are considered. 1.2 This document specifies - requirements for an interface to machinery according to EN 16985:2018, - additional requirements for machinery covered by EN 1953:2025 and EN 12621:2025. 1.3 This document also specifies requirements for a safe operation of electrostatic application systems, including the electrical installation. The requirements consider both the processing of coating materials and the cleaning and purge processes. 1.4 This document applies to three types of spraying systems; see 5.1.1. Spraying systems are classified as equipment of group II, category 2G (for intended use in zone 1 or zone 2) or category 3G (for intended use in zone 2). Only electrostatic spraying systems operating with a d.c. sinusoidal ripple of not more than 10 % of the r.m.s. value are considered. 1.5 For electrostatic application systems used in food and pharmaceutical industry, additional requirements may apply. 1.6 This document does not apply to - potential separation systems; - selection, installation and application of other electrical and non-electrical equipment in areas with explosion hazard, see EN 60079-14:2014 and EN 16985:2018; - quality assurance systems for electrostatic spraying equipment (see EN ISO/IEC 80079-34:2020, ZB.11).
Automatische elektrostatische Beschichtungssysteme für entzündbare flüssige Beschichtungsstoffe - Sicherheitsanforderungen
1.1 Dieses Dokument legt elektrische Anforderungen für die Konstruktion automatischer elektrostatischer Sprühsysteme zur Verarbeitung flüssiger Beschichtungsstoffe fest, die im zerstäubten Zustand entzündbar sind und in einem Temperaturbereich zwischen 5°C und 40°C verwendet werden. Diese Norm behandelt automatische elektrostatische Beschichtungsstoffe, bei denen die Leitfähigkeit des Gesamtsystems auf bis zu 50 nS/cm begrenzt ist. Zusammen mit zusätzlichen Maßnahmen wie z.B. Potentialtrennsystemen können diese Anforderungen auch auf entzündbare flüssige Beschichtungsstoffe angewandt werden, bei denen die Leitfähigkeit des Gesamtsystems auf bis zu 2 000 μS/cm begrenzt ist. Dabei werden Zündgefahren für die entstehende explosionsfähige Atmosphäre und der Schutz von Personen gegen elektrischen Schlag berücksichtigt. 1.2 Dieses Dokument legt Anforderungen an Schnittstellen zu Maschinen nach EN 16985:2018, EN 12621:2021 and EN 1953:2021 sowie zusätzliche Anforderungen an diese Maschinen fest. 1.3 Dieses Dokument legt auch die Anforderungen für den sicheren Betrieb elektrostatischer Sprühsysteme einschließlich der elektrischen Installationen fest. Die Anforderungen berücksichtigen neben der Verarbeitung von Beschichtungsstoff auch Reinigungs- und Spülprozesse. 1.4 Dieses Dokument berücksichtigt drei Typen von Sprühsystemen, siehe 5.1. Sprühsysteme gelten als Geräte der Gruppe II, Kategorie 2G oder Kategorie 3G. Es werden nur elektrostatische Sprühsysteme mit Gleichstrom mit einer sinusförmigen Welligkeit von höchstens 10 % des Effektivwertes berücksichtigt. 1.5 Für elektrostatische Sprühsysteme in der Nahrungsmittel- und Pharmaindustrie können zusätzliche Anforderungen gelten. 1.6 Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für - elektrostatische Sprühsysteme für nichtentzündbare flüssige Beschichtungsstoffe, siehe EN 50348:2010 + Cor.:2010; - elektrostatische Handsprüheinrichtungen, siehe EN 50050:2013 Teile 1 bis 3, und EN 50059:2021; - Potenzialtrennsysteme; - Reinigungssysteme für Sprüheinrichtungen; - Auswahl, Errichtung und Anwendung von anderen elektrischen und nicht elektrischen Betriebsmitteln in explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen, siehe EN 60079-14:2014 und EN 16985:2018; - Qualitätssicherungssysteme für elektrostatische Sprühsysteme (siehe EN ISO/IEC 80079-34:2020, Anhang ZB 11). 1.7 Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für Einrichtungen, die vor dem Datum ihrer Veröffentlichung als Europäische Norm hergestellt wurden.
Systèmes automatiques d’application électrostatique de matériaux de revêtement inflammables - Exigences de sécurité
1.1 Le présent document spécifie les exigences électriques pour la conception des systèmes automatiques d’application électrostatique de matériaux liquides de revêtement qui peuvent être enflammés lorsqu’ils sont pulvérisés, utilisés dans une plage de température de 5 °C à 40 °C. Le présent document traite des systèmes automatiques d’application électrostatique pour l’application de matériaux liquides de revêtement inflammables pour lesquels la conductivité de l’ensemble du système est limitée à 50 nS/cm. Outre des mesures supplémentaires, par exemple des systèmes de séparation de potentiel, ces exigences peuvent également s’appliquer aux matériaux liquides de revêtement inflammables, si la conductivité de l’ensemble du système est limitée à 2 000 μS/cm. Les risques d’inflammation relatifs à l’atmosphère explosive générée et la protection des personnes contre les chocs électriques sont traités. 1.2 Le présent document spécifie les exigences relatives aux interfaces et les exigences supplémentaires relatives aux machines conformément à l’EN 16985:2018, au prEN 12621:2020 et au prEN 1953:2020. 1.3 Le présent document spécifie également des exigences relatives au fonctionnement sûr des systèmes d’application électrostatique, y compris leur installation électrique. Les exigences portent à la fois sur le traitement des matériaux de revêtement et sur les processus de nettoyage et de purge. 1.4 Le présent document traite de trois types de systèmes de projection, voir 5.1. Les systèmes de projection sont classés comme appareil de Groupe II, catégorie 2G ou catégorie 3G. Seuls les systèmes de projection électrostatique fonctionnant avec une ondulation sinusoïdale en courant continu ne dépassant pas 10 % de la valeur efficace sont concernés. 1.5 Pour les appareils de projection électrostatique utilisés dans l’industrie alimentaire et dans l’industrie pharmaceutique, des exigences supplémentaires peuvent s’appliquer. 1.6 Le présent document n’est pas applicable: - aux appareils de projection électrostatique de matériau liquide de revêtement ininflammable, voir EN 50348:2010 1; - aux matériels manuels de projection électrostatique, voir EN 50050-1:2013, EN 50050-2:2013 et EN 50050-3:2013, ainsi que prEN 50059:2021; - aux systèmes de séparation de potentiel; - aux systèmes de nettoyage pour dispositifs de projection; - à la sélection, à l’installation et à l’application des autres appareils électriques ou non électriques dans les emplacements à risque d’explosion, voir EN 60079-14:2014 et EN 16985:2018; - aux systèmes d’assurance qualité pour les appareils de projection électrostatique (voir EN ISO/IEC 80079-34:2020, ZB.11). 1.7 Le présent document ne s’applique pas aux appareils fabriqués avant la date de sa publication en tant que Norme européenne.
Avtomatska oprema za elektrostatični nanos vnetljivih tekočih premazov - Varnostne zahteve
1.1 Ta dokument določa električne zahteve za načrtovanje avtomatske opreme za elektrostatični nanos tekočih premazov, ki se lahko vnamejo v atomiziranem stanju in se uporabljajo v temperaturnem območju od 5 °C do 40 °C. Ta dokument obravnava avtomatsko opremo za elektrostatični nanos, namenjeno obdelavi vnetljivih tekočih premazov s prevodnostjo celotnega sistema do največ 50 nS/cm. Skupaj z dodatnimi ukrepi, kot so sistemi za ločevanje potencialov, je mogoče te zahteve uporabljati tudi za vnetljive tekoče premaze s prevodnostjo celotnega sistema do največ 2000 μS/cm. Obravnavane so nevarnosti vžiga, povezane z ustvarjeno eksplozivno atmosfero, in zaščita oseb pred električnim udarom. 1.2 Ta dokument določa: – zahteve za vmesnik do strojev v skladu s standardom EN 16985:2018; – dodatne zahteve za stroje, zajete v standardih EN 1953:2025 in EN 12621:2025. 1.3 Ta dokument določa tudi zahteve za varno delovanje opreme za elektrostatični nanos, vključno z električno napeljavo. Zahteve obravnavajo tako obdelavo premazov kot postopke čiščenja. 1.4 Ta dokument se uporablja za tri vrste sistemov za brizganje; glej točko 5.1.1. Oprema za nanos je razvrščena kot oprema skupine II, kategorije 2G (za predvideno uporabo v območju 1 ali 2) ali kategorije 3G (za predvideno uporabo v območju 2). Obravnavana je samo oprema za elektrostatični nanos, ki deluje z enosmernim tokom s sinusoidnim valovanjem, ki ne presega 10 % efektivne vrednosti. 1.5 Za opremo za elektrostatični nanos, ki se uporablja v živilski in farmacevtski industriji, lahko veljajo dodatne zahteve. 1.6 Ta dokument se ne uporablja za: – sisteme za ločevanje potencialov; – izbiro, namestitev in uporabo druge električne in neelektrične opreme v območjih, kjer obstaja nevarnost eksplozije (glej standarda EN 60079-14:2014 in EN 16985:2018); – sisteme zagotavljanja kakovosti za opremo za elektrostatični nanos (glej standard EN ISO/IEC 80079-34:2020, točka ZB.11).
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2025
Avtomatska oprema za elektrostatični nanos vnetljivih tekočih premazov -
Varnostne zahteve
Automatic electrostatic application systems for ignitable liquid coating materials - Safety
requirements
Automatische elektrostatische Beschichtungssysteme für entzündbare
Beschichtungsstoffe - Sicherheitsanforderungen
Systèmes automatiques d'application électrostatique de matériaux de revêtement
inflammables - Exigences de sécurité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50176:2025
ICS:
29.260.20 Električni aparati za Electrical apparatus for
eksplozivna ozračja explosive atmospheres
87.100 Oprema za nanašanje Paint coating equipment
premazov
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50176
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM February 2025
ICS 87.100 Supersedes EN 50176:2009
English Version
Automatic electrostatic application systems for ignitable liquid
coating materials - Safety requirements
Systèmes automatiques d'application électrostatique de Automatische elektrostatische Beschichtungssysteme für
matériaux de revêtement inflammables - Exigences de entzündbare Beschichtungsstoffe -
sécurité Sicherheitsanforderungen
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2024-12-30. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Türkiye and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2025 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 50176:2025 E
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 List of symbols .12
4 Hazards .12
4.1 Explosion hazards .12
4.2 Electric hazards .13
5 Requirements for application systems .13
5.1 Requirements for spraying systems depending on the type .13
5.1.1 General .13
5.1.2 Requirements for ignition protection .14
5.1.3 Prevention of hazardous discharges .14
5.1.4 Prevention of hazardous discharges during rinsing and cleaning processes .15
5.1.5 Automatic fire extinguishing system .15
5.1.6 Prevention of electric shock .16
5.1.7 Limiting parts .18
5.2 Requirements for all types of spraying systems.18
5.2.1 General .18
5.2.2 Reliability .18
5.2.3 Connection of cables under high voltage .18
5.2.4 High-voltage cable .18
5.2.5 Minimum distances to live parts .18
5.2.6 Electrical safety .19
5.2.7 Bonding to earth potential .19
5.2.8 Safeguard against unauthorised switch-on .19
5.2.9 Safeguard against modification of safety relevant parameters .19
5.3 Requirements for the coating material supply system .19
5.3.1 General .19
5.3.2 Requirements for ignition protection .19
5.3.3 Prevention of hazardous discharges .19
5.3.4 Conductive and dissipative parts .20
5.3.5 Hoses of coating material supply under high voltage .20
5.3.6 Cleaning of coating material supply pipes and hoses .20
5.3.7 Other insulating parts under high voltage .20
5.4 Requirements for the control system .20
5.4.1 General .20
5.4.2 Requirements for control systems of category 3G .21
6 Tests .21
6.1 Tests depending on the type of spraying systems .21
6.1.1 General .21
6.1.2 Test of transferred charge or discharge energy.22
6.1.3 Hazardous discharges .22
6.1.4 Hazardous discharges during rinsing and cleaning processes .22
6.1.5 Automatic fire extinguishing system .22
6.1.6 Prevention of electric shock .23
6.1.7 Test of limiting parts .23
6.2 Tests for all types of spraying systems .23
6.2.1 General .23
6.2.2 Test of the reliability .24
6.2.3 Tests of connection of electrical cables .24
6.2.4 Tests of the high-voltage cables .24
6.2.5 Minimum distances of live parts .24
6.2.6 Electrical safety . 24
6.2.7 Test of bonding to earth potential . 24
6.2.8 Safeguard against unauthorised switch-on. 24
6.2.9 Safeguard against modification of safety relevant parameters . 24
6.3 Test of the coating material supply system . 25
6.3.1 General . 25
6.3.2 Tests of ignition protection . 25
6.3.3 Tests of measures preventing hazardous discharges . 25
6.3.4 Test of conductive and dissipative parts . 25
6.3.5 Test of the coating material supply hose with coating material under high voltage . 25
6.3.6 Tests of safety of cleaning procedure. 25
6.3.7 Test of other insulating parts under high voltage . 26
6.4 Test of the control system . 26
6.4.1 General . 26
6.4.2 Test for control systems of category 3G . 26
7 Information for use . 26
7.1 General . 26
7.2 Instruction for use . 26
7.2.1 General . 26
7.2.2 Information on installation . 26
7.2.3 Information on operation . 27
7.2.4 Cleaning, maintenance, and corrective maintenance . 28
7.2.5 Periodic inspections . 28
7.3 Marking . 29
7.3.1 General . 29
7.3.2 Spraying devices as equipment of category 3G . 29
7.3.3 Spraying devices as equipment of category 2G . 30
7.3.4 Control systems as safety, controlling or regulating device connected to products of
category 2G . 30
7.3.5 Control systems as equipment of category 3G connected to products of category 2G . 31
7.3.6 Multiple marking of the control systems . 31
7.3.7 Example for marking of spraying device as equipment of category 2G (informative) . 32
7.3.8 Example for marking of control systems as safety, controlling or regulating device
connected to products of category 2G (informative) . 32
7.3.9 Example for marking of control systems as equipment of category 3G connected to
products of category 2G (informative) . 32
7.3.10 Warning sign . 32
Annex A (normative) Test of ignition protection for L-1 spraying systems including parts of the
coating material supply system . 33
Annex B (normative) Ignition test within the gas mixture for L-1 spraying systems including parts
of the coating material supply system . 35
Annex C (normative) Compliance with area I for L-2 spraying systems including parts of the
coating material supply system . 37
Annex D (informative) Example for discharge measurement . 43
Annex E (normative) Test procedure for the prevention of hazardous discharges of spraying
systems including parts of coating material supply system . 45
Annex F (informative) Ignitability of liquid coating materials . 47
Annex G (informative) Significant technical changes between this document and EN 50176:2009
...................................................................................................................................................... 48
Annex ZZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 49
Annex ZZB (informative) Relationship between this European standard and the essential Health
and Safety Requirements of Directive 2014/34/EU aimed to be covered . 52
Bibliography . 54
European foreword
This document (EN 50176:2025) has been prepared by CLC/SC 31-8 “Electrostatic painting and finishing
equipment” of CLC/TC 31 “Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres”.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which this document has to be (dop) 2026-02-28
implemented at national level by publication of
an identical national standard or by
endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards (dow) 2028-02-29
conflicting with this document have to be
withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 50176:2009 and all of its amendments and corrigenda (if any).
The significant technical changes between this document and EN 50176:2009 are given in Annex G, Table G.1.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CENELEC by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
For the relationship with EU Legislation, see informative Annexes ZZA and ZZB, which are integral parts of this
document.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A complete
listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Introduction
During the electrostatic coating process, the ignitable liquid coating material is transported to a spraying device
where it is atomised by mechanical forces and/or by the influence of an electric field. The generated spray cloud
is charged by high voltage of some 10 kV, is attracted by and is applied to the earthed workpiece.
Spray clouds which are not applied to the workpiece (overspray) are removed by a suction device or by other
means.
The coating material is cured at room temperature or by heating.
1 Scope
1.1 This document specifies the electrical requirements for the design of automatic electrostatic application
systems for liquid coating materials which can be ignited in an atomised state, used within a temperature range
from 5 °C to 40 °C.
This document considers automatic electrostatic application systems for processing ignitable liquid coating
materials, where the conductivity of the complete system is limited up to 50 nS/cm. Together with additional
measures like e.g. potential separation systems, these requirements can also be applied to ignitable liquid
coating materials, where the conductivity of the complete system is limited up to 2 000 μS/cm.
Ignition hazards related to the generated explosive atmosphere and the protection of persons against electric
shock are considered.
1.2 This document specifies
— requirements for an interface to machinery according to EN 16985:2018,
— additional requirements for machinery covered by EN 1953:2025 and EN 12621:2025.
1.3 This document also specifies requirements for a safe operation of electrostatic application systems,
including the electrical installation. The requirements consider both the processing of coating materials and the
cleaning and purge processes.
1.4 This document applies to three types of spraying systems; see 5.1.1.
Spraying systems are classified as equipment of group II, category 2G (for intended use in zone 1 or zone 2) or
category 3G (for intended use in zone 2).
Only electrostatic spraying systems operating with a d.c. sinusoidal ripple of not more than 10 % of the r.m.s.
value are considered.
1.5 For electrostatic application systems used in food and pharmaceutical industry, additional requirements
may apply.
1.6 This document does not apply to
— potential separation systems;
— selection, installation and application of other electrical and non-electrical equipment in areas with explosion
hazard, see EN 60079-14:2014 and EN 16985:2018;
— quality assurance systems for electrostatic spraying equipment (see EN ISO/IEC 80079-34:2020, ZB.11).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
EN 1149-5:2018, Protective clothing - Electrostatic properties - Part 5: Material performance and design
requirements
EN 1953:2025, Application equipment for coating materials - Safety requirements
EN 12621:2025, Machinery for supply and circulation of liquid coating materials - Safety requirements
EN 16985:2018, Spray booths for organic coating material - Safety requirements
EN 50050-1:2013, Electrostatic hand-held spraying equipment - Safety requirements - Part 1: Hand-held
spraying equipment for ignitable liquid coating materials
EN 50050-2:2013, Electrostatic hand-held spraying equipment - Safety requirements - Part 2: Hand-held
spraying equipment for ignitable coating powder
EN 50050-3:2013, Electrostatic hand-held spraying equipment - Safety requirements - Part 3: Hand-held
spraying equipment for ignitable flock
EN 50059:2025, Hand-held electrostatic application equipment for non-ignitable liquid coating materials —
Safety requirements
EN 50177:2009, Stationary electrostatic application equipment for ignitable coating powders - Safety
requirements
EN 50223:2015, Stationary electrostatic application equipment for ignitable flock material - Safety requirements
EN 50348:2010, Stationary electrostatic application equipment for non-ignitable liquid coating material - Safety
requirements
EN 60204-1:2018, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements
(IEC 60204-1:2016, modified)
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989)
EN 61340-4-1:2004, Electrostatics - Part 4-1: Standard test methods for specific applications - Electrical
resistance of floor coverings and installed floors
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction
(ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13849-1:2023, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles
for design (ISO 13849-1:2023)
EN ISO 20344:2021, Personal protective equipment - Test methods for footwear (ISO 20344:2021)
IEC 60479-1:2018, Effects of current on human beings and livestock — Part 1: General aspects
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available https://www.electropedia.org/
As impacted by EN 50177:2009/A1:2012.
As impacted by EN 50348:2010/COR1:2010.
As impacted by EN 61340-4-1:2004/A1:2015.
3.1.1
application system
automatic electrostatic application system in which the spraying device is either fixed stationary (EXAMPLE 1:
on supports) or is guided by reciprocators (EXAMPLE 2: robots) and operated automatically, which in general
comprises the following:
— spraying system;
— fire extinguishing system;
— coating material supply system
3.1.2
spraying system
devices for application of liquid coating material by means of electrostatic charge and generally comprises the
following:
— spraying device;
— high voltage electrode, if applicable;
— high-voltage supply system;
— housing;
— exchangeable attachment parts;
— battery unit (integrated fixedly, or attached), if applicable;
— control system
Note 1 to entry: The term 'spraying system' is a synonym to the terms 'applicator' of EN 50050-1:2013 and 'application
equipment' of EN 1953:2025.
Note 2 to entry: The high-voltage supply system can be an integral part of the control system.
3.1.3
spraying device
device with outlet opening of coating material for atomising, high-voltage electrode for charging the coating
material and, if applicable, supplying atomising air and horn/shaping air
Note 1 to entry: Typical designs are nozzles or rotating discs, or bell-shaped devices.
Note 2 to entry: The high-voltage electrode can be a needle or a solid part which is on high-voltage potential.
3.1.4
high-voltage supply system
system, which in general comprises the following:
— low-voltage section with devices for switching on and off the high-voltage supply system and for adjustment,
control, regulation, limitation and monitoring of current and voltage, as well as the required connecting
cables;
— high-voltage generator;
— high-voltage switching device;
— high-voltage cable;
— high-voltage plug-and-socket connector
3.1.5
control system
device generally having the following functions for adjustment, control, regulating, limitation and monitoring of,
for instance, the spraying system and the high voltage supply system
Note 1 to entry: A combination of the control system and the high voltage supply system according to 3.1.4 is possible.
3.1.6
connecting cable
electric cable connected to the applicator or charging device for coating material
3.1.7
high voltage electrode
conductive part in the form of a needle or a solid part, which is under high voltage and serves for direct or
indirect charging of the coating material
3.1.8
coating material supply system
system, comprising components for supplying the spraying system with coating material, which in general
comprises the following:
— pressurized or depressurised containers;
— pumps;
— controllers and valves;
— dosing and mixing devices for coating materials;
— ducts and hoses;
— charging device for liquid coating material
3.1.9
earthing system
system for earthing the spraying system permanently
3.1.10
hazardous discharge
discharge which generates the hazard of ignition of explosive mixtures or of electric shock
3.1.11
workpiece
article to which the coating material is applied
3.1.12
non-ignitable liquid coating materials
substances, especially varnishes which cannot be ignited in sprayed state
Note 1 to entry: A formula for the estimation of ignitability on the basis of the composition of the coating material is given
in Annex F.
3.1.13
ignitable liquid coating materials
sprayed materials, especially varnishes which can be ignited in sprayed state and react in the form of an
explosion
Note 1 to entry: A formula for the estimation of ignitability on the basis of the composition of the coating material is given
in Annex F.
3.1.14
explosive atmosphere
mixture of air, under atmospheric conditions, and ignitable substances in the form of gas, vapour, mist, powder
or flock, in such proportions that it can be ignited by effective ignition sources, such as excessive temperature,
arcs or sparks
Note 1 to entry: See EN 1127-1:2019.
3.1.15
dissipative footwear
footwear that has a resistance to earth via its sole which is low enough to prevent the build-up of electrostatic
charges capable to produce an hazardous discharge
Note 1 to entry: See EN ISO 20344:2021.
Note 2 to entry: A required electric insulating resistance to prevent electric shocks is not contradictory to this definition.
3.1.16
protective clothing
clothing that has a resistance to earth which is low enough to prevent the build-up of electrostatic charges
capable to produce a hazardous discharge
Note 1 to entry: See EN 1149-5:2018.
Note 2 to entry: A required electric insulating resistance to prevent electric shocks is not contradictory to this definition.
3.1.17
dissipative floor
floor that has a resistance to earth which is low enough to prevent the build-up of electrostatic charges capable
of producing an hazardous discharge
3.1.18
constant-voltage mode
closed control circuit system with direct feedback of the actual value of the high voltage to a control system, and
during the mode of which the adjusted high voltage is maintained constant up to the performance limit of the
high-voltage supply system, independent of the variable operational current
3.1.19
voltage-controlled mode
open control circuit system without feedback of the high voltage, and during the mode of which the high voltage
is adjusted generally at a defined operational current; the high voltage is not maintained constant by a control
system, but it varies depending on the operational current and the on-load behaviour of the high-voltage supply
system
3.1.20
constant-current mode
closed control circuit system with direct feedback of the actual value of the operating current to a control system;
the operational current is maintained constant, and the high voltage varies load-dependently between a
minimum and a maximum value defined by the process
3.1.21
current-controlled mode
closed control circuit system with direct feedback of the actual value of the operating current and the actual
value of the high voltage to a control system; the operating current is controlled, the high voltage varies load-
dependently between a minimum and a maximum value defined by the process
3.1.22
operational current
current which flows within the high-voltage circuit during failure-free operation
3.1.23
overcurrent
current occurring during a malfunction, exceeding the operational current of the high-voltage circuit and giving
rise to expect that in voltage-controlled and constant-voltage operation hazardous discharges or arcs between
high-voltage parts and earthed parts of the plant could occur in case the safety distance drops below the
permissible limit
3.1.24
maximum admissible operating voltage
voltage of the high-voltage circuit giving rise to expect that hazardous discharges or arcs could occur between
high-voltage parts and earthed parts of the plant
3.1.25
minimum voltage
voltage of the high-voltage circuit giving rise to expect that in constant-current mode hazardous discharges or
arcs could occur between high-voltage parts and earthed parts of the plant, in case the safety distance drops
below the permissible limit
3.1.26
lowering or shut off threshold
limit value for current I or voltage U
ü min
3.1.27
locally acting fire extinguishing system
system which protects the hazardous area between spraying system and workpiece / the cleaning device
3.1.28
cleaning device
equipment for outside cleaning of the spraying device
3.1.29
exchangeable attachment parts
nozzles, bells/discs, extensions, angular pieces, electron and ion absorber and discharge electrodes if
applicable
3.1.30
maximum surface temperature
highest temperature which is attained in service under the most adverse conditions (but within the specified
tolerances) by any part or surface of Ex Equipment
3.1.31
routine test
test to which each individual device is subjected during or after manufacture to ascertain whether it complies
with certain criteria
3.1.32
type test
test of one or more devices made to a certain design to show that the design meets certain specifications
3.2 List of symbols
U Maximum output voltage of the high-voltage generator
max
I Maximum output current of the high-voltage generator
max
I Body current (r.m.s.) flowing from the hand to both feet
B rms
I Peak-current value generated by a discharge provoked from the application system
C (p)
∫ i(t)dt Integral of time-dependent current
C Capacitance
U Voltage
t Pulse duration in which the peak-current value I is reduced to 5 % of its value
i C (p)
U Peak-voltage value of a discharge measured from the oscilloscope
C (p)
R Resistance of the shunt in Ω
Shunt
F Factor of the current transformer in V/A
CT
F Factor of the attenuator
AT
I Overcurrent
ü
U Maximum admissible operating voltage
app
U Minimum voltage
min
Q Transferred charge
W Energy
4 Hazards
4.1 Explosion hazards
An explosion hazard is present, if
— the concentration of sprayed ignitable liquid coating materials in air is within the explosion limits,
— an ignition source of appropriate energy for this explosive atmosphere is present.
An explosion can be prevented if one condition is avoided. Because it is very difficult to exclude the possibility
of ignitable discharges completely, the focus should be the prevention of ignitable concentrations of explosive
atmosphere.
NOTE If an explosive mixture of coating materials and air is trapped in a closed room, the damaging effects of an
explosion could be increased due to the increase in pressure.
Electric ignition sources are an electric arc or a spark.
4.2 Electric hazards
Electric shock (by direct or indirect contact) may be generated, for instance, by contact with
— live parts, which are not insulated for operational reasons,
— conductive parts, which are not under hazardous voltage during normal operation, but in case of failure,
— insulated live parts whose insulation is insufficient or has been damaged due to mechanical, thermal,
chemical or other influences
Inadequate earthing may occur, for instance, due to
— faulty connections to the protective earthing system,
— a too high resistance to earth (e.g. due to contamination by coating materials).
Electrical hazards may occur, for instance, if hazardous malfunctions (e.g. shortcut of electronic safety circuits,
of access guards to hazardous areas or of warning devices) occur due to interferences of the high-voltage
supply system and the components of control and safety systems.
Hazardous electrostatic discharges could be generated, for instance, by non-earthed conductive components
or by large insulating surfaces, especially if they are backed with conductive material.
5 Requirements for application systems
5.1 Requirements for spraying systems depending on the type
5.1.1 General
Depending on the hazards that can occur, spraying systems are categorized in three types according to Table 1.
Table 1 — Spraying systems for ignitable liquid coating materials – Fields of application
Types Hazard by ignitable Hazard by electric shock Related to areas
(“L” for liquid coating discharge of Figure 1
materials)
L-1 No No I
L-2 Yes No I
L-3 Yes Yes II or III
NOTE 1 Hazards listed in the table are adequately prevented by applying this standard.
NOTE 2 The type L-1 can be compared to the type A-L, the type L-2 to the type B-L, Type L-3 corresponds
to the types C-L and D-L of EN 50176:2009.
The requirements related to the different types are listed in Table 2.
Table 2 — Requirements for spraying systems depending on the type
Types Requirements of the cited clause
5.1.2 5.1.3 5.1.4 5.1.5 5.1.6.1 5.1.6.2
a
L-1 yes no no no no
yes
L-2 no yes yes yes yes no
L-3 no yes yes yes no yes
a
fulfilled by design and construction.
5.1.2 Requirements for ignition protection
Spraying systems shall be designed and constructed to ensure
— a maximum transferred charge Q ≤ 60 nC generated by parts of conductive or dissipative materials (e.g.
electrodes), and
— a maximum transferred charge Q ≤ 90 nC generated by parts of insulating materials (e.g. housings) or
— a maximum discharge energy W ≤ 0,24 mJ generated by parts of all types of materials.
NOTE For further information see CLC/TR 60079-32-1:2018 [8] and [20].
5.1.3 Prevention of hazardous discharges
5.1.3.1 General
Hazardous discharges shall be prevented by
— measures according to 5.1.3.2 for constant-voltage or voltage-controlled operating mode
or
— measures according to 5.1.3.3 for constant-current or current-controlled operating mode.
For category 3G devices, a hazardous discharge shall be prevented during normal operation. For this reason,
measures of 5.1.3.2 or 5.1.3.3 shall avoid hazardous discharges after the first discharge.
For category 2G devices, a hazardous discharge shall be prevented during normal operation and in fault
conditions (e.g. failure of disconnection). Measures of 5.1.3.2 or 5.1.3.3 shall avoid any hazardous discharge in
the test procedure according to Annex E.
5.1.3.2 Constant-voltage mode and voltage-controlled mode
For constant-voltage mode and voltage-controlled mode, a hazardous discharge is prevented by lowering or
shut off the high voltage in case of overcurrent I .
ü
The threshold value shall be defined with consideration of the operational and local conditions and shall be
monitored automatically.
NOTE In general, an overcurrent I for operational currents of less than 200 µA up to 200 % or for operational currents
ü
of more than 200 µA up to 150 % is suitable.
If the threshold value I is set too high, a hazardous discharge between parts under high voltage and earthed
ü
parts could occur. This should be of special consideration in case of series connexion of high impedance
resistance within the high-voltage circuit.
5.1.3.3 Constant-current mode and current-controlled mode
For constant-current mode and current-controlled mode, a hazardous discharge is prevented by lowering or
shut off the high voltage when undercutting the defined minimum output value of high-voltage U .
min
The threshold value shall be defined with consideration of the operational and local conditions and shall be
monitored automatically.
NOTE 1 In general a value of the minimum voltage U of 20 % to 50 % below the value of the output high-voltage for
min
the failure-free normal operation is suitable.
NOTE 2 If the threshold value U is set too low, a hazardous discharge between parts under high-voltage and earthed
min
parts could occur.
Hazardous discharges between high-voltage parts and earth potential shall be prevented by limiting the
maximum admissible operation voltage U .
app
5.1.4 Prevention of hazardous discharges during rinsing and cleaning processes
5.1.4.1 Automatic cleaning without cleaning devices
During the rinsing and cleaning process with ignitable liquids under high voltage twice the value of the minimum
distance to the earthed parts (see 5.2.5) shall be observed.
Values of safe distances between the live parts and the earthed parts shall be given in the information for use,
see 7.2.2.
5.1.4.2 Automatic cleaning with cleaning devices
Before starting the cleaning process with ignitable liquids in cleaning devices with atomiser (e.g. bell cleaners),
all parts of the spraying systems shall be discharged below values given in 5.1.2, or to a voltage of 1,25 kV at
most.
5.1.4.3 Manual cleaning
An interface shall be provided to allow the interlocking, if necessary with guard locking, of means of access to
the spray booth with the high voltage supply.
If it is possible to start manual cleaning of live parts before the limits given in 5.1.2 or a voltage of 1,25 kV are
undercut, a signal shall be provided to activate the guard locking until the spraying systems are discharged
below the limits.
5.1.5 Automatic fire extinguishing system
5.1.5.1 General
Based on a risk assessment it shall be decided, which fire extinguishing system shall be installed:
— a locally acting fire extinguishing system and/or
— a fire extinguishing system for the spray booth interior.
The installed system shall be actuated immediately in case of a fire.
5.1.5.2 Interface to locally acting fire extinguishing system
An interface shall be provided to allow the interlocking of the fire detection system with the locally acting fire
extinguishing system. Based on a risk assessment the coating material supply, the cleaning liquid supply, the
high-voltage supply, the horn/shaping air, and the atomizing air shall be interrupted.
NOTE Fire detection systems, see EN 16985:2018.
5.1.5.3 Interface to fire extinguishing system for the spray booth interior
An interface shall be provided to allow the interlocking of the fire detection system with the fire extinguishing
system for the spray booth interior and the high-voltage supply. Based on a risk assessment the coating material
supply, the cleaning liquid supply, the horn/shaping air, and the atomizing air shall be interrupted.
NOTE Fire detection systems, see EN 16985:2018.
5.1.6 Prevention of electric shock
5.1.6.1 Undercutting the limits of electric shock
For undercutting the limits of electric shock, spraying systems shall be designed such that
— in case of a long contact (>1 s) of the user with live parts or charged passive parts, the current flowing
through the user does not exceed the value of 25 mA d.c., and
— in the case of a discharge to the user with a pulse duration t shorter than 10 ms from live parts or charged
i
passive parts, the body current I and the pulse duration t of the discharge are within area I of Figure 1.
B rms i
NOTE Discharges between 10 ms and 1 s do not occur at spraying systems.
Key
Area Effect on human body
I no risk of strong muscular reactions (safety limit)
II no risk of ventricular fibrillation
III increasing risk of ventricular fibrillation
NOTE 1 Analysis of electrical accidents led to the result that the risk of ventricular fibrillation is especially present for
long-term longitudinal flow (from the hands to the feet). These findings are considered for the calculation of the effective
value of the current.
NOTE 2 Areas I to III are based on the areas DC-2 to DC-4 defined in IEC 60479-1:2018 and extrapolated to shorter
pulse durations.
Figure 1 — Pulse duration - body current, risk of muscular reactions and ventricular fibrillation
5.1.6.2 Prevention of contact with live parts
An interface shall be provided to allow the interlocking, if necessary with guard locking, of means of access to
hazardous areas (i.e. spray booth). Following signals shall be provided:
— for moveable guards a signal to activate the guard locking until the spraying systems are discharged below
the limits and/or
— for permanent openings a signal to allow the interlocking of protective devices (e.g. light curtains, pressure-
sensitive mats) with the high voltage supply.
Requirements of the control system, depending on th
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