IEC 60747-5-10:2019

Semiconductor devices - Part 5-10: Optoelectronic devices - Light emitting diodes - Test method of the internal quantum efficiency based on the room-temperature reference point

IEC 60747-5-10:2019(E) specifies the measuring method of the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of single light emitting diode (LED) chips or packages without phosphor. White LEDs for lighting applications are out of the scope of this document. This document utilizes only the relative external quantum efficiency (EQE) measured at an operating room temperature. In order to identify the reference IQE, an operating current corresponding to the injection efficiency of 100 % is found and the radiative efficiency is determined by the infinitesimal change of the relative EQE at that point. The IQE as a function of current is then calculated from the relative ratio of the EQEs to the value at the reference point, which is called room-temperature reference-point method (RTRM).

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 10-Dec-2019
• ICS: 31.080.99 - Other semiconductor devices
• Technical Committee: SC 47E - Discrete semiconductor devices
• Drafting Committee: WG 9 - TC 47/SC 47E/WG 9
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 11-Dec-2019
• Completion Date: 02-Jan-2020

Overview

IEC 60747-5-10:2019 defines a standardized test method for determining the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of single light-emitting diode (LED) chips or packages without phosphor, using measurements taken at room temperature. Known as the room‑temperature reference‑point method (RTRM), the standard uses only relative external quantum efficiency (EQE) measured at an operating ambient (25 ± 3) °C to find a reference operating point and then derives IQE as a function of forward current. White LEDs for lighting applications are excluded from this document.

Key topics and requirements

• Scope and targets
  • IQE measurement for single LED chips/packages without phosphor.
  • Excludes white LEDs for lighting.
• Measurement conditions
  • Ambient temperature default: (25 ± 3) °C; relative humidity typically 45–85% RH.
  • Thermal equilibrium or controlled measurement timing to avoid self‑heating artifacts.
• Measurement inputs
  • Radiant power vs. forward current (Φe vs I) curve measured at room temperature.
  • Forward voltage, emission spectrum (peak wavelength λp, bandwidth), and pulse current methods as needed.
• Method principle (RTRM)
  • Identify a room‑temperature reference point corresponding to an operating current at which injection efficiency reaches its maximum (≈100%).
  • Determine radiative efficiency from the infinitesimal change of the relative EQE at that point.
  • Compute IQE(I) by normalizing relative EQE values to the reference‑point value.
• Instruments and setup
  • Measurement equipment and basic setup follow IEC 60747-5-6:2016 references (radiometer/photometer, spectrometer, current source, thermal control).
• Reporting
  • Test report components and an informative test example are provided (see Annex A in the standard).

Applications and who uses it

• LED manufacturers and device engineers for device characterization, performance benchmarking, and process optimization.
• R&D labs and materials scientists studying recombination dynamics, radiative efficiency, and injection efficiency in LEDs.
• Independent test laboratories and quality assurance teams validating LED chip or package performance (non‑phosphor types).
• Useful in failure analysis and comparative studies across device designs and epitaxial structures.

Related standards

• IEC 60747-5-6:2016 - referenced for measurement instruments and basic optoelectronic LED test procedures.
• Other parts of the IEC 60747 series covering semiconductor and optoelectronic device test methods.

Keywords: IEC 60747-5-10, IQE, internal quantum efficiency, LED test method, RTRM, room-temperature reference-point method, EQE, radiative efficiency, injection efficiency, LED characterization.

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 60747-5-10 ®
Edition 1.0 2019-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Semiconductor devices –
Part 5-10: Optoelectronic devices – Light emitting diodes – Test method of the
internal quantum efficiency based on the room-temperature reference point
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IEC 60747-5-10 ®
Edition 1.0 2019-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Semiconductor devices –
Part 5-10: Optoelectronic devices – Light emitting diodes – Test method of the

internal quantum efficiency based on the room-temperature reference point

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 31.080.99 ISBN 978-2-8322-7655-6

– 2 – IEC 60747-5-10:2019 © IEC:2019
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 5
3.1 Terms and definitions . 5
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 7
4 Measuring methods . 7
4.1 Basic requirements . 7
4.1.1 Measuring conditions . 7
4.1.2 Measuring instruments and equipment . 8
4.2 Purpose . 8
4.3 Measurement . 8
4.3.1 Measurement setup . 8
4.3.2 Measurement principle. 8
4.3.3 Measurement sequence . 8
5 Test report . 10
Annex A (informative) Test example. 11
Bibliography . 16

Figure 1 – Test flow . 10
Figure A.1 – Radiant power as a function of forward current . 11
Figure A.2 – Relative EQE as a function of forward current . 12
Figure A.3 – Determination of peak EQE point in the relative EQE curve . 12
Figure A.4 – Conversion to the normalized variables of X and Y . 13
Figure A.5 – Coefficients a and a as a function of X . 13
1 2
Figure A.6 – Verification of a reference point in the a curve . 14
Figure A.7 – IQE as a function of forward current . 14

Table A.1 – Summary of test report . 15

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES –
Part 5-10: Optoelectronic devices – Light emitting diodes –
Test method of the internal quantum efficiency based on
the room-temperature reference point

FOREWORD
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International Standard IEC 60747-5-10 has been prepared by subcommittee 47E: Discrete
semiconductor devices, of IEC technical committee 47: Semiconductor devices.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
47E/652/CDV 47E/677/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

– 4 – IEC 60747-5-10:2019 © IEC:2019
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SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES –
Part 5-10: Optoelectronic devices – Light emitting diodes –
Test method of the internal quantum efficiency based on
the room-temperature reference point

1 Scope
This part of IEC 60747 specifies the measuring method of the internal quantum efficiency
(IQE) of single light emitting diode (LED) chips or packages without phosphor. White LEDs for
lighting applications are out of the scope of this document. This document utilizes only the
relative external quantum efficiency (EQE) measured at an operating room temperature. In
order to identify the reference IQE, an operating current corresponding to the injection
efficiency of 100 % is found and the radiative efficiency is determined by the infinitesimal
change of the relative EQE at that point. The IQE as a function of current is then calculated
from the relative ratio of the EQEs to the value at the reference point, which is called room-
temperature reference-point method (RTRM).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
IEC 60747-5-6:2016, Semiconductor devices – Part 5-6: Optoelectronic devices – Light
emitting diodes
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
internal quantum efficiency
η
IQE
ratio of the number of photons emitted from the active region
...