iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
IEC

IEC TS 61949:2007

(Main)

Ultrasonics - Field characterization - In situ exposure estimation in finite-amplitude ultrasonic beams

Ultrasonics - Field characterization - In situ exposure estimation in finite-amplitude ultrasonic beams

This Technical Specification describes means to allow "attenuated" acoustic quantities to be calculated under conditions where the associated acoustic measurements, made in water using standard procedures, may be accompanied by significant finite-amplitude effects. This Technical Specification establishes: - the general concept of the limits of applicability of acoustic measurements in water resulting from finite-amplitude acoustic effects; - a method to ensure that measurements are made under quasi-linear conditions in order to minimise finite-amplitude effects; - the definition of an acoustic quantity appropriate for establishing quasi-linear conditions; - a threshold value for the acoustic quantity as an upper limit for quasi-linear conditions; - a method for the estimation of attenuated acoustic quantities under conditions of nonlinear propagation in water.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
26-Nov-2007
ICS
01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION
17.140.50 - Electroacoustics
Technical Committee
TC 87 - Ultrasonics
Drafting Committee
WG 14 - TC 87/WG 14
Current Stage
PPUB - Publication issued
Start Date
29-Feb-2008
Completion Date
27-Nov-2007
Ref Project

Buy Standard

IEC TS 61949:2007 - Ultrasonics - Field characterization - In situ exposure estimation in finite-amplitude ultrasonic beamsIEC TS 61949:2007 - Ultrasonics - Field characterization - In situ exposure estimation in finite-amplitude ultrasonic beams
PreviousNext
Technical specification
IEC TS 61949:2007 - Ultrasonics - Field characterization - In situ exposure estimation in finite-amplitude ultrasonic beams
English language
31 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC/TS 61949
Edition 1.0 2007-11
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION

Ultrasonics – Field characterization – In situ exposure estimation
in finite-amplitude ultrasonic beams


IEC/TS 61949:2007(E)

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED
Copyright © 2007 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

IEC Central Office
3, rue de Varembé
CH-1211 Geneva 20
Switzerland
Email: inmail@iec.ch
Web: www.iec.ch

About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
ƒ Catalogue of IEC publications: www.iec.ch/searchpub
The IEC on-line Catalogue enables you to search by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical committee,…).
It also gives information on projects, withdrawn and replaced publications.
ƒ IEC Just Published: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published details twice a month all new publications released. Available
on-line and also by email.
ƒ Electropedia: www.electropedia.org
The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing more than 20 000 terms and definitions
in English and French, with equivalent terms in additional languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical
Vocabulary online.
ƒ Customer Service Centre: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please visit the Customer Service
Centre FAQ or contact us:
Email: csc@iec.ch
Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
Fax: +41 22 919 03 00

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IEC/TS 61949
Edition 1.0 2007-11
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION

Ultrasonics – Field characterization – In situ exposure estimation
in finite-amplitude ultrasonic beams

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
V
ICS 17.140.50 ISBN 2-8318-9463-8

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – TS 61949 © IEC:2007(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.3
INTRODUCTION.5

1 Scope.6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 List of symbols .10
5 Equipment required .11
6 Test methods .11
6.1 Establishing quasi-linear conditions.11
6.1.1 The local distortion parameter .11
6.1.2 Upper limit for quasi-linear conditions for σ .12
q
6.1.3 Range of applicability for quasi-linear conditions .12
6.2 Measurement procedure for estimated in situ exposure .13
6.2.1 Identification of quasi-linear conditions .13
6.2.2 Tables of limiting mean peak acoustic pressure.14
6.2.3 Measurement of acoustic quantities under quasi-linear conditions .14
6.2.4 Measurement of the scaling factor .14
6.2.5 Calculation of attenuated acoustic quantities .15
6.3 Uncertainties .
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

IEC
IEC 63045:2020(Main)
Ultrasonics - Non-focusing short pressure pulse sources including ballistic pressure pulse sources - Characteristics of fields

IEC 63045:2020 is applicable to
– therapy equipment using extracorporeally induced non-focused or weakly focused pressure pulses;
– therapy equipment producing extracorporeally induced non-focused or weakly focused mechanical energy,
where the pressure pulses are released as single events of duration up to 25 µs.
This document does not apply to
– therapy equipment using focusing pressure pulse sources such as extracorporeal lithotripsy equipment;
– therapy equipment using other acoustic waveforms like physiotherapy equipment, low intensity ultrasound equipment and HIFU/HITU equipment.
This document specifies
– measurable parameters which are used in the declaration of the acoustic output of extracorporeal equipment producing a non-focused or weakly focused pressure pulse field,
– methods of measurement and characterization of non-focused or weakly focused pressure pulse fields.
This document has been developed for equipment intended for use in pressure pulse therapy, for example therapy of orthopaedic pain like shoulder pain, tennis elbow pain, heel spur pain, muscular trigger point therapy, lower back pain, etc. It is not intended to be used for extracorporeal lithotripsy equipment (as described in IEC 61846), physiotherapy equipment using other waveforms (as described in IEC 61689) and HIFU/HITU equipment (see IEC 60601 2-62 and IEC TR 62649).

  • Standard
    61 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    124 pages
    English and French language
    sale 15% off
IEC
IEC 60565-1:2020(Main)
Underwater acoustics - Hydrophones - Calibration of hydrophones - Part 1: Procedures for free-field calibration of hydrophones

IEC 60565-1:2020 specifies methods and procedures for free-field calibration of hydrophones, as well as individual electroacoustic transducers that can be used as hydrophones (receivers) and/or projectors (source transducers). Two general types of calibration are covered within this document: absolute calibration using the method of three-transducer spherical-wave reciprocity, and relative calibration by comparison with a reference device which has already been the subject of an absolute calibration.
The maximum frequency range of the methods specified in this document is from 200 Hz to 1 MHz. The lowest acoustic frequency of application will depend on a number of factors, and will typically be in the range 200 Hz to 5 kHz depending mainly on the dimensions of the chosen test facility, The highest frequency of application for the methods described here is 1 MHz.
Procedures for pressure hydrophone calibration at low frequencies can be found in IEC 60565 2 [1] . Procedures for hydrophone calibration at acoustic frequencies greater than 1 MHz are covered by IEC 62127-2 [2].
Excluded from the scope of this document are low-frequency pressure calibrations of hydrophones, which are described in IEC 60565-2 [1]. Also excluded are calibrations of digital hydrophones and systems, calibration of marine autonomous acoustic recorders, calibration of acoustic vector sensors such as particle velocity sensors and pressure gradient hydrophones, calibration of passive sonar arrays consisting of multiple hydrophones, and calibration of active sonar arrays consisting of projectors and hydrophones.
This document presents a description of the requirements for free-field calibration in terms of test facility, equipment and instrumentation, signal processing, and frequency limitations. A description of achievable uncertainty and rules for the presentation of the calibration data are provided. Also included are informative annexes that provide additional guidance on
• measurement of directional response of a hydrophone or projector,
• measurement of electrical impedance of hydrophones and projectors,
• electrical loading corrections,
• acoustic far-field criteria in underwater acoustic calibration,
• pulsed techniques in free-field calibrations,
• assessment of uncertainty in the free-field calibration of hydrophones and projectors,
• derivation of the formulae for three-transducer spherical-wave reciprocity calibrations,
• calibration using travelling-wave tubes,
• calibration of hydrophones using optical interferometry, and
• calibrations in reverberant water tanks using continuous signals.
IEC 60565-1:2020 together with IEC 60565-2:2019, cancels and replaces the second edition of IEC 60565 published in 2006. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
1) removal of all descriptions of methods for pressure calibrations of hydrophones – these are now included in Part 2;
2) removal of the derivations of formulae for free-field reciprocity calibration (both amplitude sensitivity and phase sensitivity) and placement of these into an informative annex;
3) inclusion within the scope of the calibration of the transmitting response of individual source transducers and hydrophones (but not sonar arrays);
4) re-ordering of the sections within the document such that the more general procedures for calibration such as guidance on obtaining conditions of acoustic free-field, far-field, and steady-state, appear before the descriptions of procedures for absolute or relative calibrations;
5) revision of informative Annex A to include guidance on measurement of directional response of a hydrophone or projector;
6) addition of a new informative Annex B on measurement of electrical impedance of hydrophones and projectors;
7) revision of the previous informative annex on electrical loading corrections to include corrections to account for e

  • Standard
    183 pages
    English and French language
    sale 15% off
IEC
IEC TS 63081:2019(Main)
Ultrasonics - Methods for the characterization of the ultrasonic properties of materials

IEC TS 63081:2019:
• defines key quantities relevant to ultrasonic materials characterization;
• specifies methods for direct measurement of many key ultrasonic materials parameters.
This document is applicable to all measurements of properties of passive acoustic materials under drive conditions that are not subject to nonlinear acoustic propagation. Whilst there are materials properties that may be of interest in a nonlinear drive regime, these are currently outside the scope of this document.

  • Technical specification
    33 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
IEC
IEC 60565-2:2019(Main)
Underwater acoustics - Hydrophones - Calibration of hydrophones - Part 2: Procedures for low frequency pressure calibration

IEC 60565-2:2019 specifies the methods for low frequency pressure calibration of hydrophones at frequencies from 0,01 Hz to several kilohertz depending on calibration method.
IEC 60565-2:2019, together with IEC 60565-1, replaces the second edition of IEC 60565 published in 2006. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
IEC 60565-2:2019 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition.
1) IEC 60565 has been divided into two parts:
• Part 1: Procedures for free-field calibration;
• Part 2: Procedures for low frequency pressure calibration (this document).
2) A relative calibration method has been added to Clause 8: Calibration by piezoelectric compensation.
3) A relative calibration method has been added to Clause 11: Calibration by vibrating column.
4) Clause 12: Calibration by static pressure transducer, has been added.
5) Annex A: Equivalent circuit of the excitation system for calibration with a vibrating column, has been deleted.
6) Subclauses 9.6, 9.7 and 9.8 have been moved to form a new Annex A: Advanced acoustic coupler calibration methods.

  • Standard
    108 pages
    English and French language
    sale 15% off
IEC
IEC 63009:2019(Main)
Ultrasonics - Physiotherapy systems - Field specifications and methods of measurement in the frequency range 20 kHz to 500 kHz

IEC 63009:2019 is applicable to ultrasonic equipment designed for physiotherapy containing an ultrasonic transducer generating ultrasound in the frequency range 20 kHz to 500 kHz.
This document only relates to ultrasonic physiotherapy equipment employing a single plane non-focusing circular transducer per treatment head, producing static beams perpendicular to the face of the treatment head.
This document specifies:
• methods of measurement and characterization of the output of ultrasonic physiotherapy equipment based on reference testing methods;
• characteristics to be specified by manufacturers of ultrasonic physiotherapy equipment;
• methods of measurement and characterization of the output of ultrasonic physiotherapy equipment based on routine testing methods;
• acceptance criteria for aspects of the output of ultrasonic physiotherapy equipment.
The therapeutic value and methods of use of ultrasonic physiotherapy equipment are not within the scope of this document.
Excluded equipment includes, but is not limited to:
• equipment in which ultrasound waves are intended to destroy conglomerates (for example stones in the kidneys or the bladder) or tissue of any type;
• equipment in which a tool is driven by ultrasound (for example surgical scalpels, phacoemulsifiers, dental scalers or intracorporeal lithotripters);
• equipment in which ultrasound waves are intended to sensitize tissue to further therapies (for example radiation or chemotherapy);
• equipment in which ultrasound waves are intended to treat cancerous (i.e., malignant) or pre-cancerous tissue, or benign masses, such as High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) or High Intensity Therapeutic Ultrasound (HITU).

  • Standard
    73 pages
    English and French language
    sale 15% off
IEC
IEC TS 63070:2019(Main)
Ultrasonics - Field characterization - Infrared imaging techniques for determining temperature elevation in tissue-mimicking material and at the radiation surface of a transducer in still air

IEC TS 63070:2019 is applicable to ultrasonic equipment designed for the medical field of application. It covers both diagnostic and therapeutic (physiotherapy and HITU) equipment.
This document describes transducer evaluation by the infrared imaging technique using a split TMM-phantom for qualitative and quantitative estimation of temperature distributions in tissue-mimicking material, resulting from absorption of ultrasound and from heating of the transducer itself.
This document also describes a method to measure transducer-surface temperature, while the transducer is driven under the still-air condition.

  • Technical specification
    26 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
IEC
IEC TS 63001:2019(Main)
Measurement of cavitation noise in ultrasonic baths and ultrasonic reactors

IEC TS 63001:2019 provides a technique of measurement and evaluation of ultrasound in liquids for use in cleaning devices and equipment. It specifies
• the cavitation measurement at 2,25 f0 in the frequency range 20 kHz to 150 kHz, and
• the cavitation measurement by extraction of broadband spectral components in the frequency range 10 kHz to 5 MHz.
IEC TS 63001:2019 covers the measurement and evaluation of the cavitation, but not its secondary effects (cleaning results, sonochemical effects, etc.).

  • Technical specification
    29 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
IEC
IEC TS 62903:2018(Main)
Ultrasonics - Measurements of electroacoustical parameters and acoustic output power of spherically curved transducers using the self-reciprocity method
SIST IEC/TR 61366-3:1999

IEC TS 62903:2018, which is a Technical Specification,
a) establishes the free-field convergent spherical wave self-reciprocity method for ultrasonic transducer calibration,
b) establishes the measurement conditions and experimental procedure required to determine the transducer's electroacoustic parameters and acoustic output power using the self-reciprocity method,
c) establishes the criteria for checking the reciprocity of these transducers and the linear range of the focused field, and
d) provides guiding information for the assessment of the overall measurement uncertainties for radiation conductance.
This document is applicable to:
i) circular spherically curved concave focusing transducers without a centric hole working in the linear amplitude range,
ii) measurements in the frequency range 0,5 MHz to 15 MHz, and
iii) acoustic pressure amplitudes in the focused field within the linear amplitude range.

  • Technical specification
    47 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical report
    31 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
IEC
IEC 62359:2010/AMD1:2017(Amendment)
Amendment 1 - Ultrasonics - Field characterization - Test methods for the determination of thermal and mechanical indices related to medical diagnostic ultrasonic fields
  • Standard
    58 pages
    English and French language
    sale 15% off
IEC
IEC 62359:2010(Main)
Ultrasonics - Field characterization - Test methods for the determination of thermal and mechanical indices related to medical diagnostic ultrasonic fields

IEC 62359:2010 is applicable to medical diagnostic ultrasound fields. It establishes:
- parameters related to thermal and non-thermal exposure aspects of diagnostic ultrasonic fields;
- methods for the determination of an exposure parameter relating to temperature rise in theoretical tissue-equivalent models, resulting from absorption of ultrasound;
- methods for the determination of an exposure parameter appropriate to certain non-thermal effects.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 2005. It constitutes a technical revision. Major changes with respect to the previous edition include the following:
- The methods of determination set out in the first edition of this standard were based on those contained in the American standard for Real-Time Display of Thermal and Mechanical Acoustic Output Indices on Diagnostic Ultrasound Equipment (ODS) and were intended to yield identical results. While this second edition also follows the ODS in principal and uses the same basic formulae and assumptions (see Annex A), it contains a few significant modifications which deviate from the ODS.
- One of the primary issues dealt with in preparing this second edition of IEC 62359 was "missing" TI equations. In Edition 1 there were not enough equations to make complete "at-surface" and "below-surface" summations for TIS and TIB in combined-operating modes. Thus major changes with respect to the previous edition are related to the introduction of new calculations of thermal indices to take into account both "at-surface" and "below-surface" thermal effects. The contents of the corrigendum of March 2011 have been included in this copy.

  • Standard
    136 pages
    English and French language
    sale 15% off