Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components - Basic test and measurement procedures - Part 3-3: Examinations and measurements - Active monitoring of changes in attenuation and return loss

Describes the procedure to monitor changes in attenuation and/or return loss of a component or an interconnecting device, when subjected to an environmental or mechanical test. The procedure may be applied to measurements on single samples or to simultaneous measurements on multiple samples, both at single wavelengths and multiple wavelengths, by using branching devices and/or switches as appropriate.

Dispositifs d'interconnexion et composants passifs à fibres optiques - Méthodes fondamentales d'essais et de mesures - Partie 3-3: Examens et mesures - Contrôle actif des variations de l'affaiblissement et du facteur d'adaptation

Décrit la procédure destinée à contrôler les modifications d'affaiblissement et/ou du facteur d'adaptation d'un composant ou d'un dispositif d'interconnexion, lorsqu'il est soumis à un essai d'environnement ou mécanique. La procédure peut être appliquée aux mesures sur des échantillons uniques ou aux mesures simultanées sur des échantillons multiples, tant aux longueurs d'onde uniques qu'aux longueurs d'onde multiples, en utilisant des dispositifs de couplage et/ou des interrupteurs, selon le cas approprié.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
05-Feb-2003
Drafting Committee
WG 4 - TC 86/SC 86B/WG 4
Current Stage
DELPUB - Deleted Publication
Start Date
10-Mar-2009
Completion Date
14-Feb-2026

Relations

Effective Date
05-Sep-2023
Effective Date
05-Sep-2023

Overview

IEC 61300-3-3:2003, developed by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), specifies fundamental procedures for the active monitoring of changes in attenuation and return loss in fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components. This standard plays an essential role in ensuring the reliability and performance consistency of fibre optic connectors, cables, and related passive devices subject to environmental or mechanical stresses. The procedures outlined enable the measurement of optical characteristics, both for single and multiple samples, at one or more wavelengths, using branching devices or optical switches when appropriate.

This standard is crucial for manufacturers, testing laboratories, and service providers who need to evaluate optical component durability and performance under real-world conditions.

Key Topics

  • Active Monitoring Procedures
    The document details various methods to actively monitor changes in attenuation and/or return loss as fibre optic components undergo stress tests. It covers methodologies suitable for both single and multiple device under test (DUT) configurations.

  • Measurement Methods
    Five distinct test set-ups are described, including:

    • Single sample monitoring (Method 1)
    • Multiple sample testing using branching devices (Method 2)
    • Multi-sample testing using optical switches (Method 3)
    • Bidirectional and unidirectional OTDR-based tests (Methods 4 and 5)
  • Equipment and Precautions
    Guidelines for test apparatus (light sources, detectors, switches, branching devices), launch conditions, and the importance of stability, repeatability, and cleaning practices are outlined. The standard highlights specific precautions against factors that could compromise measurement accuracy, such as cladding modes, fibre movement, and power levels.

  • Data Acquisition and Reference Channels
    The standard describes manual or automated data acquisition, emphasizing the need for high measurement stability over extended periods, especially when monitoring minute changes in optical performance.

Applications

IEC 61300-3-3:2003 is applicable across a wide range of fibre optic testing scenarios, including:

  • Product Qualification and Development
    Ensures that fibre optic connectors and passive components meet specified criteria for attenuation and return loss under physical or environmental stress before product launch.

  • Quality Assurance
    Used in manufacturing environments for ongoing product inspection and validation of batch consistency.

  • Reliability and Environmental Testing
    Vital for evaluating performance stability under environmental conditions (such as humidity or temperature variations) and mechanical stresses (such as bending, tension, or impact).

  • Field and Laboratory Testing
    Supports field engineers and laboratory technicians in monitoring the long-term reliability of installed or prototype fibre optic links.

  • Multi-wavelength Testing
    Helpful in telecom network upgrades where optical performance must be evaluated across multiple wavelengths.

By adopting this standard, organizations ensure compliance with international best practices for the measurement and monitoring of critical optical parameters, contributing to improved network reliability and performance.

Related Standards

For comprehensive testing and measurement in fibre optics, consider the following related IEC standards:

  • IEC 61300-1: Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components - Basic test and measurement procedures - Part 1: General and guidance
  • IEC 61300-3-1: Examinations and measurements - Visual examination
  • IEC 61300-3-6: Examinations and measurements - Return loss
  • IEC/PAS 61300-3-35: Fibre optic cylindrical connector endface visual inspection

Adhering to these standards provides a consistent approach to optical testing and helps ensure high-quality, reliable optical communication networks.


For more information on IEC 61300-3-3:2003 or purchasing details, visit the IEC Web Site.

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Frequently Asked Questions

IEC 61300-3-3:2003 is a standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Its full title is "Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components - Basic test and measurement procedures - Part 3-3: Examinations and measurements - Active monitoring of changes in attenuation and return loss". This standard covers: Describes the procedure to monitor changes in attenuation and/or return loss of a component or an interconnecting device, when subjected to an environmental or mechanical test. The procedure may be applied to measurements on single samples or to simultaneous measurements on multiple samples, both at single wavelengths and multiple wavelengths, by using branching devices and/or switches as appropriate.

Describes the procedure to monitor changes in attenuation and/or return loss of a component or an interconnecting device, when subjected to an environmental or mechanical test. The procedure may be applied to measurements on single samples or to simultaneous measurements on multiple samples, both at single wavelengths and multiple wavelengths, by using branching devices and/or switches as appropriate.

IEC 61300-3-3:2003 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 33.180.20 - Fibre optic interconnecting devices. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

IEC 61300-3-3:2003 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to IEC 61300-3-3:1997, IEC 61300-3-3:2009. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

IEC 61300-3-3:2003 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.

Standards Content (Sample)


INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD
61300-3-3
Second edition
2003-02
Fibre optic interconnecting devices
and passive components –
Basic test and measurement procedures –
Part 3-3:
Examinations and measurements –
Active monitoring of changes in attenuation and
return loss
Reference number
Publication numbering
As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are issued with a designation in the

60000 series. For example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1.

Consolidated editions
The IEC is now publishing consolidated versions of its publications. For example,

edition numbers 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication, the

base publication incorporating amendment 1 and the base publication incorporating

amendments 1 and 2.
Further information on IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC,
thus ensuring that the content reflects current technology. Information relating to
this publication, including its validity, is available in the IEC Catalogue of
publications (see below) in addition to new editions, amendments and corrigenda.
Information on the subjects under consideration and work in progress undertaken
by the technical committee which has prepared this publication, as well as the list
of publications issued, is also available from the following:
• IEC Web Site (www.iec.ch)
• Catalogue of IEC publications
The on-line catalogue on the IEC web site (http://www.iec.ch/searchpub/cur_fut.htm)
enables you to search by a variety of criteria including text searches, technical
committees and date of publication. On-line information is also available on
recently issued publications, withdrawn and replaced publications, as well as
corrigenda.
• IEC Just Published
This summary of recently issued publications (http://www.iec.ch/online_news/
justpub/jp_entry.htm) is also available by email. Please contact the Customer
Service Centre (see below) for further information.
• Customer Service Centre
If you have any questions regarding this publication or need further assistance,
please contact the Customer Service Centre:
Email: custserv@iec.ch
Tel: +41 22 919 02 11
Fax: +41 22 919 03 00
INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD
61300-3-3
Second edition
2003-02
Fibre optic interconnecting devices
and passive components –
Basic test and measurement procedures –
Part 3-3:
Examinations and measurements –
Active monitoring of changes in attenuation and
return loss
 IEC 2003  Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch  Web: www.iec.ch
PRICE CODE
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
R
International Electrotechnical Commission
Международная Электротехническая Комиссия
For price, see current catalogue

– 2 – 61300-3-3  IEC:2003(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3

1 Scope . 5

2 Normative references. 5

3 General description. 5

3.1 Precautions . 6

4 Apparatus . 6
4.1 Methods 1, 2 and 3. 6
4.2 Methods 4 and 5.10
5 Procedure.12
5.1 Monitoring attenuation and return loss of a single sample – Method 1: .12
5.2 Monitoring attenuation and return loss of multiple samples using a 1×N
branching device – Method 2 .13
5.3 Monitoring attenuation and return loss of multiple samples using two 1×N
optical switches – Method 3.13
5.4 Bidirectional OTDR monitoring of attenuation and return loss of multiple
samples – Method 4.15
5.5 Unidirectional OTDR monitoring of attenuation and return loss of multiple
samples – Method 5 .18
6 Details to be specified .18
6.1 Method 1 .18
6.2 Methods 2 and 3.18
6.3 Methods 4 and 5.18
Figure 1 – Method 1- Monitoring attenuation and return loss of a single sample
undergoing stress testing .9
Figure 2 – Method 2 – Monitoring attenuation and return loss of multiple samples using
a 1×N branching device. 9
Figure 3 – Method 3 – Monitoring attenuation and return loss of multiple samples
using two 1×N optical switches.10
Figure 4 – Method 4 – Bidirectional OTDR monitoring of attenuation and return loss of
multiple samples .11

Figure 5 – Method 5 – Unidirectional OTDR monitoring of attenuation and return loss
of multiple samples .11
Figure 6 – Cut-back measurement location (transmission) .14
Figure 7 – Typical OTDR trace caused by the reflection from a DUT .16
Figure 8 – Cut-back measurement location (OTDR) .16
Table 1 – Example values for Rayleigh backscatter coefficient.17

61300-3-3  IEC:2003(E) – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

___________
FIBRE OPTIC INTERCONNECTING DEVICES

AND PASSIVE COMPONENTS –
BASIC TEST AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES –

Part 3-3: Examinations and measurements –

Active monitoring of changes in attenuation and return loss

FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the
two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical specifications, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National
Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject
of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61300-3-3 has been prepared by subcommittee 86B: Fibre optic
interconnecting devices and passive components, of IEC technical committee 86: Fibre optics.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1997. It constitutes a
technical revision.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
86B/1781/FDIS 86B/1835/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

– 4 – 61300-3-3  IEC:2003(E)
IEC 61300 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fibre optic interconnecting
devices and passive components – Basic test and measurement procedures:

– Part 1: General and guidance

–Part 2: Tests
– Part 3: Examinations and measurements

The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until 2007.

At this date, the publication will be

• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

61300-3-3  IEC:2003(E) – 5 –
FIBRE OPTIC INTERCONNECTING DEVICES

AND PASSIVE COMPONENTS –
BASIC TEST AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES –

Part 3-3: Examinations and measurements –

Active monitoring of changes in attenuation and return loss

1 Scope
This part of IEC 61300 describes the procedure to monitor changes in attenuation and/or
return loss of a component or an interconnecting device, when subjected to an environmental
or mechanical test. Such a procedure is commonly referred to as active monitoring. In many
instances, it is more efficient to monitor attenuation and return loss at the same time.
The procedure may be applied to measurements on single samples or to simultaneous
measurements on multiple samples, both at single wavelengths and multiple wavelengths, by
using branching devices and/or switches as appropriate.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 61300-1, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Basic test and
measurement procedures – Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 61300-3-1, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Basic test and
measurement procedures – Part 3-1: Examinations and measurements – Visual examination
IEC 61300-3-6, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Basic test and
measurement procedures – Part 3-6: Examinations and measurements – Return loss
IEC/PAS 61300-3-35, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Basic
test and measurement procedures – Part 3-35: Examinations and measurements – Fibre optic
cylindrical connector endface visual inspection
3 General description
The procedure describes a number of active monitoring measurement methods. Method 1
describes the situation where a single sample is subject to mechanical or environmental
stress testing. Methods 2 and 3 describe methods for monitoring changes in the optical
performance of multiple samples. Methods 4 and 5 measure changes in the optical perform-
ance of samples using an OTDR. Methods 4 and 5 may be used only when the OTDR
averaging time is much less than the variation time of the test conditions. Where there is any
form of uncertainty over the measurement method used, method 1 shall be considered to be
the reference method.
All methods are capable of being configured to monitor changes in attenuation and return loss
at the same time. The required optical test parameters shall be defined in the relevant
specification.
Where a group of samples are being monitored over a period of time, say several days or
weeks, it is usual to employ some form of automated data acquisition. Also, since the changes
in optical performance can be very small, it is important to ensure high measurement stability
over time.
– 6 – 61300-3-3  IEC:2003(E)
3.1 Precautions
The following requirements shall be met.

3.1.1 Precautions shall be taken to ensure that cladding modes do not affect the

measurement. Cladding modes shall be stripped as a function of the fibre coating.

3.1.2 Precautions shall be taken to prevent movement in the position of the fibre cables

between the sample(s) and the test apparatus, to avoid changes in optical performance

caused by bending losses.
3.1.3 The stability performance of the test equipment shall be ≤0,05 dB or 10 % of the
attenuation to be measured, whichever is the lower value. The stability shall be maintained
over the measurement time. The required measurement resolution shall be 0,01dB for both
multimode and single mode.
3.1.4 To achieve consistent results, clean and inspect all samples prior to measurement
in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Visual examination shall be undertaken in
accordance with IEC 61300-3-1 and IEC 61300-3-35.
3.1.5 The power in the fibre shall be at a level that does not generate non-linear scattering
effects (typically <3 mW).
3.1.6 It is common to be monitoring changes in optical performance that are small in
comparison with the polarization dependence of the components under test (DUT) and of
parts of the test apparatus such as branching devices, switches and detectors. Therefore, it is
usually necessary to specify light sources with a low degree of polarization or to couple the
source to low polarization-inducing optics.
3.1.7 Particularly when measuring wavelength dependent components such as multiplexers
or attenuators, it is necessary to use a light source that does not emit light at extraneous
wavelengths at levels that can affect the measurement accuracy.
3.1.8 Reflected powers from the test apparatus shall be at a level that does not affect the
measurement accuracy.
3.1.9 Care must be taken when using switches or branching devices for multimode
measurements. In many cases, these devices will modify the launched mode power
distribution or result in modal detection non-uniformity, which will give rise to measurement
inaccuracies.
4 Apparatus
4.1 Methods 1, 2 and 3
The apparatus used for methods 1, 2 and 3 of this procedure is shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
The apparatus consists of the following.
4.1.1 Source (S)
The source consists of an optical emitter, the means to connect to it, and associated drive
electronics. In addition to meeting the stability and power level requirements, the source shall
have the following characteristics.
Centre wavelength: as detailed in the performance and product standard
Spectral width    : filtered LED ≤150 nm full width half maximum (FWHM)
Spectral width    : LD <10 nm FWHM

61300-3-3  IEC:2003(E) – 7 –
For multimode fibres, broadband sources such as an LED shall be used.

For single-mode fibres, either an LED or an LD may be used.

NOTE 1 The interference of modes from a coherent source will create speckle patterns in multimode fibre. These
speckle patterns give rise to speckle or modal noise and are observed as power fluctuations, since their
characteristic times are longer than the resolution time of the detector. As a result, it may be impossible to achieve

stable launch conditions using coherent sources for multimode measurements. Consequently, lasers, including

OTDR sources, should be avoided in favour of LEDs or other incoherent sources for measuring multimode
components.
There are a number of methods of monitoring performance at multiple wavelengths. One method,

illustrated in Figure 3, shows independent light sources joined by an optical switch SW3.

NOTE 2 It is particularly important to consider the wavelength dependence of the test apparatus when monitoring
multiple wavelengths. For example, different switch ports may not have the same wavelength dependence. This
can affect comparative measurements made between any channel “i” and the reference channel, since they will be
connected to different switch ports. It is therefore necessary, in such circumstances, to complete an accurate
spectral characterization of the test set-up prior to use.
4.1.2 Launch condition (E)
Unless otherwise specified the launch conditions shall be in accordance with Annex B of
IEC 61300-1. The launch condition must ensure full cladding mode stripping and an
equilibrium mode distribution.
4.1.3 Monitoring equipment
Where multiple measurements are made, suitable apparatus is required to permit monitoring
of the light through the multiple paths.
In Figure 2, individual monitoring channels are established by dividing the light into N paths
using a 1×N branching device (BD). This method is practical for a small number of DUTs,
since it requires a multiplicity of branching devices and detectors.
In Figure 3, active switching of the light paths through the DUTs is used. The apparatus
consists of a directional branching device and two 1×N computer-controlled optical switches.
The channel number of these switches is sufficiently large to accommodate the DUTs under
test, one or more reference lines, and a reference reflectance channel.
NOTE The design of systems to test multiple samples requires the trade-off of a number of factors such as cost
and measurement capability. When testing multimode samples, for example, it may be inappropriate to use
branching devices and/or optical switches, due to the problems surrounding modal losses and the associated cost
of the test apparatus. However, optical switches may be cost-effective for testing single-mode samples, particularly
when the cost of suitable sources and detectors and the measurement stability requirements are considered.

Switch parameters which shall be considered for this test include the following.
a) Repeatability
The switches shall be capable of high repeatability in per-channel insertion loss, since this
parameter will directly detract from the accuracy of the measurement of attenuation or
return loss of the DUT. Furthermore, since environmental tests are generally carried out
over extended periods the switch repeatability shall be considered over the full duration of
the test.
b) Return loss
The return loss characteristics of the switch shall be such that they do not unduly
influence the measurement in methods 2 and 3.
c) Wavelength dependence
When undertaking multiple wavelength measurements, the wavelength dependence
characteristics of the switch shall be taken into account, to ensure they do not unduly
influence the measurement in methods 2 and 3.

– 8 – 61300-3-3  IEC:2003(E)
4.1.4 Detector D
The detector consists of an optical detector, the means to connect to it, and associated

electronics. The connection to the detector will be an adaptor that accepts a connector plug of

the appropriate design. The detector shall capture all light emitted by the connector plug.

In addition to meeting the stability and resolution requirements, the detector shall have the

following characteristics.
Linearity: Multimode ±0,25 dB (over –5 dBm to –60 dBm)

Singlemode ±0,1dB (over –5 dBm to –60 dBm)

NOTE The power meter linearity shall be referenced to a power level of –23 dBm at the operational wavelength.
The detectors shall have a high dynamic range with an operational wavelength range
consistent with that of the DUT and the capability to zero the reference level.
4.1.5 Stress fixture
The stress fixture consists of a suitable mechanism for applying the required stress level(s) to
the DUTs. In the case of environmental stress testing, the fixture will typically consist of an
environmental chamber capable of meeting the required temperature and/or humidity
extremes. In the case of mechanical stress testing, a number of different fixtures will often be
required depending on the requirements of the relevant specification, for example, impact
rigs, tensile testers, vibration beds, etc.
4.1.6 Branching device BD
The splitting ratio of the BD shall be stable. It shall also be insensitive to polarization. The
directivity should be
...


IEC 61300-3-3
Edition 2.0 2003-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Basic test and
measurement procedures –
Part 3-3: Examinations and measurements – Active monitoring of changes in
attenuation and return loss
Dispositifs d’interconnexion et composants passifs à fibres optiques –
Procédures fondamentales d’essais et de mesures –
Partie 3-3: Examens et mesures – Contrôle actif des variations de
l’affaiblissement et du facteur d’adaptation

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IEC 61300-3-3
Edition 2.0 2003-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Basic test and
measurement procedures –
Part 3-3: Examinations and measurements – Active monitoring of changes in
attenuation and return loss
Dispositifs d’interconnexion et composants passifs à fibres optiques –
Procédures fondamentales d’essais et de mesures –
Partie 3-3: Examens et mesures – Contrôle actif des variations de
l’affaiblissement et du facteur d’adaptation

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
R
CODE PRIX
ICS 33.180.20 ISBN 2-8318-7810-1
– 2 – 61300-3-3 © CEI:2003
SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS .4

1 Domaine d'application .8

2 Références normatives .8

3 Description générale.8

3.1 Précautions .10

4 Appareillage .12

4.1 Méthodes 1, 2 et 3.12
4.2 Méthodes 4 et 5.18
5 Procédure.22
5.1 Contrôle de l’affaiblissement et du facteur d’adaptation d’un seul échantillon
– méthode 1 .22
5.2 Contrôle de l’affaiblissement et du facteur d’adaptation de multiples
échantillons utilisant un dispositif de couplage 1×N – méthode 2 .24
5.3 Contrôle de l’affaiblissement et du facteur d’adaptation de multiples
échantillons utilisant des interrupteurs optiques 1×N – méthode 3 .24
5.4 Contrôle OTDR bidirectionnel d'affaiblissement et de facteur d'adaptation
des échantillons multiples – méthode 4 .28
5.5 Contrôle OTDR unidirectionnel d'affaiblissement et de facteur d'adaptation
des échantillons multiples – méthode 5 .34
6 Détails à spécifier.34
6.1 Méthode 1 .34
6.2 Méthodes 2 et 3.36
6.3 Méthodes 4 et 5.36

Figure 1 – Méthode 1 – Contrôle de l’affaiblissement et du facteur d’adaptation d’un
seul échantillon soumis aux essais de contrainte .16
Figure 2 – Méthode 2 – Contrôle de l’affaiblissement et du facteur d’adaptation de
multiples échantillons utilisant un dispositif de couplage 1×N.18
Figure 3 – Méthode 3 – Contrôle de l’affaiblissement et du facteur d’adaptation de
multiples échantillons utilisant deux interrupteurs optiques 1×N .18
Figure 4 – Méthode 4 – Contrôle OTDR bidirectionnel d’affaiblissement et de facteur
d’adaptation des échantillons multiples .20

Figure 5 – Méthode 5 – Contrôle OTDR unidirectionnel d’affaiblissement et de facteur
d’adaptation d’échantillons multiples.22
Figure 6 – Emplacement de mesure de la fibre coupée (transmission) .26
Figure 7 – Trace OTDR type provoquée par la réflexion d’un DUT .30
Figure 8 – Emplacement de mesure de la fibre coupée (OTDR) .32

Tableau 1 – Exemples de valeurs pour le coefficient de rétrodiffusion de Rayleigh .34

61300-3-3 © IEC:2003 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.5

1 Scope.9

2 Normative references .9

3 General description .9

3.1 Precautions .11

4 Apparatus.13
4.1 Methods 1, 2 and 3.13
4.2 Methods 4 and 5.19
5 Procedure .23
5.1 Monitoring attenuation and return loss of a single sample – method 1 .23
5.2 Monitoring attenuation and return loss of multiple samples using a 1×N
branching device – method 2.25
5.3 Monitoring attenuation and return loss of multiple samples using two 1×N
optical switches – method 3 .25
5.4 Bidirectional OTDR monitoring of attenuation and return loss of multiple
samples – method 4 .29
5.5 Unidirectional OTDR monitoring of attenuation and return loss of multiple
samples – method 5 .35
6 Details to be specified .35
6.1 Method 1 .35
6.2 Methods 2 and 3.37
6.3 Methods 4 and 5.37

Figure 1 – Method 1 – Monitoring attenuation and return loss of a single sample
undergoing stress testing.17
Figure 2 – Method 2 – Monitoring attenuation and return loss of multiple samples
using a 1×N branching device .19
Figure 3 – Method 3 – Monitoring attenuation and return loss of multiple samples
using two 1×N optical switches .19
Figure 4 – Method 4 – Bidirectional OTDR monitoring of attenuation
and return loss of multiple samples.21

Figure 5 – Method 5 – Unidirectional OTDR monitoring of attenuation and return loss
of multiple samples .23
Figure 6 – Cut-back measurement location (transmission) .27
Figure 7 – Typical OTDR trace caused by the reflection from a DUT.31
Figure 8 – Cut-back measurement location (OTDR) .33

Table 1 – Example values for Rayleigh backscatter coefficient.35

– 4 – 61300-3-3 © CEI:2003
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE

___________
DISPOSITIFS D'INTERCONNEXION
ET COMPOSANTS PASSIFS À FIBRES OPTIQUES –

MÉTHODES FONDAMENTALES D'ESSAIS ET DE MESURES –

Partie 3-3: Examens et mesures –

Contrôle actif des variations de l'affaiblissement

et du facteur d’adaptation
AVANT-PROPOS
1) La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (CEI) est une organisation mondiale de normalisation
composée de l'ensemble des comités électrotechniques nationaux (Comités nationaux de la CEI). La CEI a
pour objet de favoriser la coopération internationale pour toutes les questions de normalisation dans les
domaines de l'électricité et de l'électronique. A cet effet, la CEI – entre autres activités – publie des Normes
internationales, des Spécifications techniques, des Rapports techniques, des Spécifications accessibles au
public (PAS) et des Guides (ci-après dénommés "Publication(s) de la CEI"). Leur élaboration est confiée à des
comités d'études, aux travaux desquels tout Comité national intéressé par le sujet traité peut participer. Les
organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec la CEI, participent
également aux travaux. La CEI collabore étroitement avec l'Organisation Internationale de Normalisation (ISO),
selon des conditions fixées par accord entre les deux organisations.
2) Les décisions ou accords officiels de la CEI concernant les questions techniques représentent, dans la mesure
du possible, un accord international sur les sujets étudiés, étant donné que les Comités nationaux de la CEI
intéressés sont représentés dans chaque comité d’études.
3) Les Publications de la CEI se présentent sous la forme de recommandations internationales et sont agréées
comme telles par les Comités nationaux de la CEI. Tous les efforts raisonnables sont entrepris afin que la CEI
s'assure de l'exactitude du contenu technique de ses publications; la CEI ne peut pas être tenue responsable
de l'éventuelle mauvaise utilisation ou interprétation qui en est faite par un quelconque utilisateur final.
4) Dans le but d'encourager l'uniformité internationale, les Comités nationaux de la CEI s'engagent, dans toute la
mesure possible, à appliquer de façon transparente les Publications de la CEI dans leurs publications
nationales et régionales. Toutes divergences entre toutes Publications de la CEI et toutes publications
nationales ou régionales correspondantes doivent être indiquées en termes clairs dans ces dernières.
5) La CEI n’a prévu aucune procédure de marquage valant indication d’approbation et n'engage pas sa
responsabilité pour les équipements déclarés conformes à une de ses Publications.
6) Tous les utilisateurs doivent s'assurer qu'ils sont en possession de la dernière édition de cette publication.
7) Aucune responsabilité ne doit être imputée à la CEI, à ses administrateurs, employés, auxiliaires ou
mandataires, y compris ses experts particuliers et les membres de ses comités d'études et des Comités
nationaux de la CEI, pour tout préjudice causé en cas de dommages corporels et matériels, ou de tout autre
dommage de quelque nature que ce soit, directe ou indirecte, ou pour supporter les coûts (y compris les frais
de justice) et les dépenses découlant de la publication ou de l'utilisation de cette Publication de la CEI ou de
toute autre Publication de la CEI, ou au crédit qui lui est accordé.
8) L'attention est attirée sur les références normatives citées dans cette publication. L'utilisation de publications

référencées est obligatoire pour une application correcte de la présente publication.
9) L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments de la présente Publication de la CEI peuvent faire
l’objet de droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. La CEI ne saurait être tenue pour
responsable de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et de ne pas avoir signalé leur existence.
La Norme internationale CEI 61300-3-3 a été établie par le sous-comité 86B: Dispositifs
d'interconnexion et composants passifs à fibres optiques, du comité d'études 86 de la CEI:
Fibres optiques.
Cette seconde édition annule et remplace la première édition publiée en 1997 et constitue une
révision technique. Les changements majeurs incluent l’addition de méthodes d’essai pour un
échantillon unique soumis aux essais de contrainte.
Cette version bilingue, publiée en 2005-01, correspond à la version anglaise.

61300-3-3 © IEC:2003 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

___________
FIBRE OPTIC INTERCONNECTING DEVICES

AND PASSIVE COMPONENTS –
BASIC TEST AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES –

Part 3-3: Examinations and measurements –

Active monitoring of changes in attenuation and return loss

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of

patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61300-3-3 has been prepared by subcommittee 86B: Fibre optic
interconnecting devices and passive components, of IEC technical committee 86: Fibre optics.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1997. It constitutes a
technical revision. The significant changes include adding test methods for single sample
undergoing stress testing.
This bilingual version, published in 2005-01, corresponds to the English version.

– 6 – 61300-3-3 © CEI:2003
Le texte anglais de cette norme est basé sur les documents 86B/1781/FDIS et 86B/1835/RVD.
Le rapport de vote 86B/1835/RVD donne toute l’information sur le vote ayant abouti à

l’approbation de cette norme.
La version française de cette norme n’a pas été soumise au vote.

Cette publication a été rédigée selon les Directives ISO/CEI, Partie 2.

La CEI 61300 comprend les parties suivantes, regroupées sous le titre général Dispositifs
d'interconnexion et composants passifs à fibres optiques – Méthodes fondamentales d'essais
et de mesures
Partie 1: Généralités et guide
Partie 2: Essais
Partie 3: Examens et mesures
Le comité a décidé que le contenu de cette publication ne sera pas modifié avant la date de
maintenance indiquée sur le site web de la CEI sous «http://webstore.iec.ch» dans les
données relatives à la publication recherchée. A cette date, la publication sera
• reconduite;
• supprimée;
• remplacée par une édition révisée, ou
• amendée.
61300-3-3 © IEC:2003 – 7 –
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:

FDIS Report on voting
86B/1781/FDIS 86B/1835/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on

voting indicated in the above table.

The French version of this standard has not been voted upon.

This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
IEC 61300 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fibre optic interconnecting
devices and passive components – Basic test and measurement procedures:
– Part 1: General and guidance
– Part 2: Tests
– Part 3: Examinations and measurements

The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
– 8 – 61300-3-3 © CEI:2003
DISPOSITIFS D'INTERCONNEXION
ET COMPOSANTS PASSIFS À FIBRES OPTIQUES –

MÉTHODES FONDAMENTALES D'ESSAIS ET DE MESURES –

Partie 3-3: Examens et mesures –

Contrôle actif des variations de l'affaiblissement

et du facteur d’adaptation
1 Domaine d'application
La présente partie de la CEI 61300 décrit la procédure destinée à contrôler les modifications
d’affaiblissement et/ou du facteur d’adaptation d’un composant ou d’un dispositif d’inter-
connexion, lorsqu’il est soumis à un essai d’environnement ou mécanique. Une telle
procédure est communément désignée contrôle actif. Dans de nombreux cas, il est plus
efficace de contrôler l’affaiblissement et le facteur d’adaptation en même temps.
La procédure peut être appliquée aux mesures sur des échantillons uniques ou aux mesures
simultanées sur des échantillons multiples, tant aux longueurs d’onde uniques qu’aux
longueurs d’onde multiples, en utilisant des dispositifs de couplage et/ou des interrupteurs,
selon le cas approprié.
2 Références normatives
Les documents de référence suivants sont indispensables pour l'application du présent
document. Pour les références datées, seule l'édition citée s'applique. Pour les références
non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels
amendements).
CEI 61300-1, Dispositifs d'interconnexion et composants passifs à fibres optiques – Méthodes
fondamentales d'essais et de mesures – Partie 1: Généralités et guide
CEI 61300-3-1, Dispositifs d'interconnexion et composants passifs à fibres optiques –
Méthodes fondamentales d'essais et de mesures – Partie 3-1: Examens et mesures – Examen
visuel
CEI 61300-3-6, Dispositifs d'interconnexion et composants passifs à fibres optiques –
Méthodes fondamentales d'essais et de mesures – Partie 3-6: Examens et mesures –
Puissance réfléchie
CEI/PAS 61300-3-35, Dispositifs d'interconnexion et composants passifs à fibres optiques –
Méthodes fondamentales d'essais et de mesures – Partie 3-35: Examens et mesures –
Examen visuel des faces terminales des connecteurs cylindriques à fibres optiques (publiée
en anglais seulement)
3 Description générale
La procédure décrit un certain nombre de méthodes de mesure pour le contrôle actif. La
méthode 1 décrit la situation dans laquelle un échantillon unique est soumis à des essais de
contraintes mécaniques et d’environnement. Les méthodes 2 et 3 décrivent les méthodes en
vue de contrôler les modifications de la performance optique des échantillons multiples. Les
méthodes 4 et 5 mesurent les modifications de la performance optique des échantillons en
utilisant une réflectométrie optique dans le domaine temporel (OTDR, optical time domain
reflectometry). Les méthodes 4 et 5 peuvent être utilisées lorsque le temps de moyennage de

61300-3-3 © IEC:2003 – 9 –
FIBRE OPTIC INTERCONNECTING DEVICES

AND PASSIVE COMPONENTS –
BASIC TEST AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES –

Part 3-3: Examinations and measurements –

Active monitoring of changes in attenuation and return loss

1 Scope
This part of IEC 61300 describes the procedure to monitor changes in attenuation and/or
return loss of a component or an interconnecting device, when subjected to an environmental
or mechanical test. Such a procedure is commonly referred to as active monitoring. In many
instances, it is more efficient to monitor attenuation and return loss at the same time.
The procedure may be applied to measurements on single samples or to simultaneous
measurements on multiple samples, both at single wavelengths and multiple wavelengths, by
using branching devices and/or switches as appropriate.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 61300-1, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Basic test and
measurement procedures – Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 61300-3-1, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Basic test and
measurement procedures – Part 3-1: Examinations and measurements – Visual examination
IEC 61300-3-6, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Basic test and
measurement procedures – Part 3-6: Examinations and measurements – Return loss
IEC/PAS 61300-3-35, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Basic
test and measurement procedures – Part 3-35: Examinations and measurements – Fibre optic
cylindrical connector endface visual inspection

3 General description
The procedure describes a number of active monitoring measurement methods. Method 1
describes the situation where a single sample is subject to mechanical or environmental
stress testing. Methods 2 and 3 describe methods for monitoring changes in the optical
performance of multiple samples. Methods 4 and 5 measure changes in the optical perform-
ance of samples using an OTDR. Methods 4 and 5 may be used only when the OTDR
averaging time is much less than the variation time of the test conditions. Where there is any
form of uncertainty over the measurement method used, method 1 shall be considered to be
the reference method.
– 10 – 61300-3-3 © CEI:2003
la réflectométrie optique dans le domaine temporel (OTDR) est très inférieur au temps de
variation des conditions d’essai. S’il existe une quelconque forme d’incertitude sur la méthode

de mesure utilisée, la méthode 1 doit être considérée comme la méthode de référence.

Toutes les méthodes sont capables d’être configurées pour contrôler des changements

d’affaiblissement et de facteur d’adaptation en même temps. Les paramètres d’essais

optiques prescrits doivent être définis dans la spécification correspondante.

Si un groupe d’échantillons est contrôlé sur une période de temps, par exemple de plusieurs
jours ou semaines, il est habituel d’employer une certaine forme d’acquisition de données

automatisées. Ainsi, étant que les modifications de performance optique peuvent être très

faibles, il importe de s’assurer de la stabilité de mesure élevée de mesure sur la durée.

3.1 Précautions
Les exigences suivantes doivent être remplies.
3.1.1 Des précautions doivent être prises pour garantir que les modes de gaine n’influencent
pas la mesure. Les modes de gaines doivent être extraits en fonction du revêtement de fibre.
3.1.2 Des précautions doivent être prises pour prévenir le déplacement de la position des
câbles à fibres optiques entre le ou les échantillons et l’appareillage d’essai, pour éviter des
modifications de la performance optique provoquées par des affaiblissements par courbures.
3.1.3 La performance de stabilité de l’équipement d’essai doit être ≤0,05 dB ou 10 % de
l’affaiblissement à mesurer, selon la valeur la plus faible. La stabilité doit être maintenue sur
la durée de mesure. La résolution de mesure prescrite doit être de 0,01 dB tant pour le
multimodal que pour le monomodal.
3.1.4 Pour obtenir des résultats cohérents, nettoyer et examiner tous les échantillons avant
la mesure conformément aux instructions du fabricant. Un examen visuel doit être entrepris
conformément à la CEI 61300-3-1 et à la CEI 61300-3-35.
3.1.5 La puissance dans la fibre doit se situer à un niveau qui ne génère pas d’effets de
diffusion non linéaires (généralement <3 mW).
3.1.6 On trouve communément un contrôle des modifications de performance optique qui
sont faibles par rapport à la dépendance à la polarisation des composants en essai (DEE) et
des parties de l’appareillage d’essai telles que les dispositifs de couplage, les interrupteurs et
les détecteurs. Par conséquent, il est habituellement nécessaire de spécifier des sources de
lumière à un degré faible de polarisation ou de coupler la source à une optique à faible
induction de polarisation.
3.1.7 Il est nécessaire d'utiliser une source lumineuse qui n'émette pas de lumière à des
longueurs d'onde parasites à des niveaux qui puissent affecter la précision de la mesure, en
particulier lorsqu'on mesure des composants sensibles à la longueur d'onde tels que des
multiplexeurs ou des atténuateurs
3.1.8 Les puissances réfléchies provenant de l’appareillage d’essai doivent être à un niveau
qui n’affecte pas la précision des mesures.
3.1.9 Il faut prendre des précautions lors de l’utilisation des interrupteurs ou des dispositifs
de couplage pour des mesures multimodales. Dans de nombreux cas, ces dispositifs
modifieront la distribution de puissance du mode injectée ou aboutiront à une non-uniformité
de détection modale, qui donnera lieu à des imprécisions de mesure.

61300-3-3 © IEC:2003 – 11 –
All methods are capable of being configured to monitor changes in attenuation and return loss
at the same time. The required optical test parameters shall be defined in the relevant

specification.
Where a group of samples are being monitored over a period of time, say several days or

weeks, it is usual to employ some form of automated data acquisition. Also, since the changes

in optical performance can be very small, it is important to ensure high measurement stability

over time.
3.1 Precautions
The following requirements shall be met.
3.1.1 Precautions shall be taken to ensure that cladding modes do not affect the
measurement. Cladding modes shall be stripped as a function of the fibre coating.
3.1.2 Precautions shall be taken to prevent movement in the position of the fibre cables
between the sample(s) and the test apparatus, to avoid changes in optical performance
caused by bending losses.
3.1.3 The stability performance of the test equipment shall be ≤0,05 dB or 10 % of the
attenuation to be measured, whichever is the lower value. The stability shall be maintained
over the measurement time. The required measurement resolution shall be 0,01 dB for both
multimode and single mode.
3.1.4 To achieve consistent results, clean and inspect all samples prior to measurement
in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Visual examination shall be undertaken in
accordance with IEC 61300-3-1 and IEC 61300-3-35.
3.1.5 The power in the fibre shall be at a level that does not generate non-linear scattering
effects (typically <3 mW).
3.1.6 It is common to be monitoring changes in optical performance that are small in
comparison with the polarization dependence of the components under test (DUT) and of
parts of the test apparatus such as branching devices, switches and detectors. Therefore, it is
usually necessary to specify light sources with a low degree of polarization or to couple the
source to low polarization-inducing optics.
3.1.7 Particularly when measuring wavelength dependent components such as multiplexers
or attenuators, it is necessary to use a light source that does not emit light at extraneous
wavelengths at levels that can affect the measurement accuracy.

3.1.8 Reflected powers from the test apparatus shall be at a level that does not affect the
measurement accuracy.
3.1.9 Care must be taken when using switches or branching devices for multimode
measurements. In many cases, these devices will modify the launched mode power
distribution or result in modal detection non-uniformity, which will give rise to measurement
inaccuracies.
– 12 – 61300-3-3 © CEI:2003
4 Appareillage
4.1 Méthodes 1, 2 et 3
L’appareillage utilisé pour des méthodes 1, 2 et 3 de cette procédure est illustré dans les

Figures 1, 2 et 3. L'appareillage est constitué par les éléments suivants.

4.1.1 Source (S)
La source est composée d'un émetteur optique, de son moyen de connexion et des dispositifs
électroniques d’entraînement associés. Outre le respect des exigences de stabilité et de

niveau de puissance, la source doit comporter les caractéristiques suivantes.
Longueur d’onde centrale: détaillée dans la norme de produit et performance
Largeur spectrale: DEL filtrée ≤ largeur à mi-crête 150 nm (FWHM)
Largeur spectrale: DL Pour les fibres multimodales, les sources à large bande telles qu’un DEL doivent être
utilisées.
Pour les fibres monomodales, on peut utiliser soit un DEL soit un DL.
NOTE 1 L’interférence de modes à partir d’une source cohérente créera des figures de tache dans la fibre
multimodale. Ces figures de tache donnent lieu à des bruits de tache ou modaux et sont observées comme des
fluctuations de la puissance, étant donné que leurs temps caractéristiques sont plus longs que le temps de
résolution du détecteur. En conséquence, il peut être impossible d’obtenir des conditions d’injection stables
utilisant des sources cohérentes pour des mesures multimodales. Par conséquent, il convient d’éviter les lasers, y
compris les sources OTDR (réflectométrie optique dans le domaine temporel), en faveur des DEL ou d’autres
sources incohérentes pour mesurer les composants multimodaux.
Il existe un certain nombre de méthodes de contrôle de la performance à plusieurs longueurs
d’onde. L’une des méthodes, illustrée à la Figure 3, représente des sources de lumière
indépendantes raccordées par un interrupteur optique SW3.
NOTE 2 Il est particulièrement important de considérer la dépendance en longueur d’onde de l’appareillage
d’essai lors du contrôle de plusieurs longueurs d’onde. Par exemple, différents accès d’interrupteurs peuvent ne
pas comporter la même dépendance en longueur d’onde. Celai peut affecter les mesures comparatives effectuées
entre toute voie “i” et la voie de référence, étant donné qu’elles seront connectées aux différents accès de
commutation. Il est par conséquent nécessaire, en de telles circonstances, de compléter une caractérisation
spectrale précise du montage d’essai préalablement à l’utilisation.
4.1.2 Condition d’injection (E)
Sauf spécification contraire, les conditions d'injection doivent être conformes à l'Annexe B de

la CEI 61300-1. Il faut que la condition d’injection assure une complète extraction des modes
de gaine et une répartition modale à l’équilibre.
4.1.3 Contrôle de l’équipement
Si des mesures multiples sont effectuées, un appareillage adapté est nécessaire pour
permettre un contrôle de la lumière par des chemins multiples.
Dans la Figure 2, des voies de contrôle individuelles sont établies en divisant la lumière en N
chemins en utilisant un dispositif de couplage 1×N (BD). Cette méthode est pratique pour un
petit nombre de DEE, étant donné que cela nécessite une multiplicité de dispositifs de
couplage et de détecteurs.
61300-3-3 © IEC:2003 – 13 –
4 Apparatus
4.1 Methods 1, 2 and 3
The apparatus used for methods 1, 2 and 3 of this procedure is shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.

The apparatus consists of the following.

4.1.1 Source (S)
The source consists of an optical emitter, the means to connect to it, and associated drive
electronics. In addition to meeting the stability and power level requirements, the source shall

have the following characteristics.
Centre wavelength: as detailed in the performance and product standard
Spectral width    : filtered LED ≤150 nm full width half maximum (FWHM)
Spectral width    : LD <10 nm FWHM
For multimode fibres, broadband sources such as an LED shall be used.
For single-mode fibres, either an LED or an LD may be used.
NOTE 1 The interference of modes from a coherent source will create speckle patterns in multimode fibre. These
speckle patterns give rise to speckle or modal noise and are observed as power fluctuations, since their
characteristic times are longer than the resolution time of the detector. As a result, it may be impossible to achieve
stable launch conditions using coherent sources for multimode measurements. Consequently, lasers, including
OTDR sources, should be avoided in favour of LEDs or other incoherent sources for measuring multimode
components.
There are a number of methods of monitoring performance at multiple wavelengths. One method,
illustrated in Figure 3, shows independent light sources joined by an optical switch SW3.
NOTE 2 It is particularly important to consider the wavelength dependence of the test apparatus when monitoring
multiple wavelengths. For example, different switch ports may not have the same wavelength dependence. This
can affect comparative measurements made between any channel “i” and the reference channel, since they will be
connected to different switch ports. It is therefore necessary, in such circumstances, to complete an accurate
spectral characterization of the test set-up prior to use.
4.1.2 Launch condition (E)
Unless otherwise specified the launch conditions shall be in accordance with Annex B of
IEC 61300-1. The launch condition must ensure full cladding mode stripping and an
equilibrium mode distribution.
4.1.3 Monitoring equipment
Where multiple measurements are made, suitable apparatus is required to permit monitoring
of the light through the multiple paths.
In Figure 2, individual monitoring channels are established by dividing the light into N paths
using a 1×N branching device (BD). This method is practical for a small number of DUTs,
since it requires a multiplicity of branching devices and detectors.
In Figure 3, active switching of the light paths through the DUTs is used. The apparatus
consists of a directional branching device and two 1×N computer-controlled optical switches.
The channel number of these switches is sufficiently large to accommodate the DUTs under
test, one or more reference lines, and a reference reflectance channel.

– 14 – 61300-3-3 © CEI:2003
Dans la Figure 3, une commutation active des chemins de lumière par les DEE est utilisée.
L’appareillage est constitué d’un dispositif de couplage directionnel et de deux interrupteurs

optiques commandés 1×N commandés par ordinateur. Le nombre de voies de ces inter-

rupteurs est suffisamment grand pour accommoder les DEE en essai, une ou plusieurs lignes

de référence et une voie de réflectance de référence.

NOTE La conception des systèmes pour essayer différents échantillons nécessite le choix d’un certain nombre de
facteurs tels que les coûts et la capacité de mesure Pour les essais d'échantillons multimodaux, par exemple, il peut être

inapproprié d'utiliser des dispositifs de couplage et/ou des commutateurs optiques en raison des problèmes qui entourent les

pertes modales et du coût associé de l'appareillage d'essai. Cependant, les interrupteurs optiques peuvent être rentables

pour les essais des échantillons monomodaux, en particulier le coût des sources et des détecteurs adaptés et les
exigences de stabilité de mesure sont pris en considération.

Les paramètres des interrupteurs devant être considérés pour cet essai comprennent les
suivants.
a) Répétabilité
Les interrupteurs doivent être capables d’une répétabilité élevée dans la perte d’insertion
par-voie, étant donné que ce paramètre portera directement préjudice à la précision de la
mesure de l’affaiblissement ou du facteur d’adaptation du DEE. Par ailleurs, étant donné
que des essais d’environnement sont généralement effectués sur des périodes
prolongées, la répétabilité de
...

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