IEC TS 61968-2:2011
(Main)Application integration at electric utilities - System interfaces for distribution management - Part 2: Glossary
Application integration at electric utilities - System interfaces for distribution management - Part 2: Glossary
IEC/TS 61968-2:2011(E) identifies and explains terms and abbreviations used in the remaining parts of IEC 61968. This glossary, accompanying the IEC 61968 series, is the second part in the series that, taken as a whole, defines interfaces for the major elements of an interface architecture for distribution management systems (DMS). This second edition contains numerous new terms in support of IEC 61968-9, as well as revisions to terms found in the first edition.
This publication is of core relevance for Smart Grid.
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IEC/TS 61968-2 ®
Edition 2.0 2011-03
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION
Application integration at electric utilities – System interfaces for distribution
management –
Part 2: Glossary
IEC/TS 61968-2:2011(E)
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or
IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite
ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie
et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de la CEI ou du Comité national de la CEI du pays du demandeur.
Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette
publication, utilisez les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de la CEI de votre pays de résidence.
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Switzerland
Email: inmail@iec.ch
Web: www.iec.ch
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in English and French, with equivalent terms in additional languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical
Vocabulary online.
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IEC/TS 61968-2 ®
Edition 2.0 2011-03
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION
Application integration at electric utilities – System interfaces for distribution
management –
Part 2: Glossary
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XA
ICS 33.200 ISBN 978-2-88912-425-1
– 2 – TS 61968-2 © IEC:2011(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Terms and definitions . 6
3 Glossary of abbreviations in the IEC 61968 series . 48
Bibliography . 51
TS 61968-2 © IEC:2011(E) – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
APPLICATION INTEGRATION AT ELECTRIC UTILITIES –
SYSTEM INTERFACES FOR DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT –
Part 2: Glossary
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In
exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical
specification when
• the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard,
despite repeated efforts, or
• the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the
future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard.
Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide
whether they can be transformed into International Standards.
IEC 61968-2, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by IEC technical
committee 57: Power systems management and associated information exchange.
– 4 – TS 61968-2 © IEC:2011(E)
The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents:
TS Report on voting
57/1054/DTS 57/1088/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives Part 2.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2003. This second
edition constitutes a technical revision. It contains numerous new terms in support of
IEC 61968-9, as well as revisions to terms found in the first edition.
The reader will find citations to bibliographic references within square brackets [ ] below many
of the term definitions. Cross references between many related terms have also been added
to this edition. These are located among the notes and begin with the words “See also.”
A list of all the parts in the IEC 61968 series, published under the general title Application
integration at electric utilities – System interfaces for distribution management can be found
on the IEC website.
A bilingual version may be issued at a later date.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• transformed into an International standard,
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
TS 61968-2 © IEC:2011(E) – 5 –
INTRODUCTION
The IEC 61968 series is intended to facilitate inter-application integration, as opposed to
intra-application integration, of the various distributed software application systems supporting
the management of utility electrical distribution networks. Intra-application integration is aimed
at programs in the same application system, usually communicating with each other using
middleware that is embedded in their underlying runtime environment, and tends to be
optimized for close, real-time, synchronous connections and interactive request/reply or
conversation communication models. IEC 61968, by contrast, is intended to support the inter-
application integration of a utility enterprise that needs to connect disparate applications that
are already built or new (legacy or purchased applications), each supported by dissimilar
runtime environments. Therefore, IEC 61968 is relevant to loosely coupled applications with
more heterogeneity in languages, operating systems, protocols and management tools.
IEC 61968 is intended to support applications that need to exchange data on an event driven
basis. IEC 61968 is intended to be implemented with middleware services that broker
messages among applications, and will complement, but not replace utility data warehouses,
database gateways, and operational stores.
The series of standards will be using a lot of definitions, terms and abbreviations from the
area of distribution management as well as from the area of Information and Communication
Technology. This glossary part defines the terms and abbreviations as they are used in the
context of this series of standards.
– 6 – TS 61968-2 © IEC:2011(E)
APPLICATION INTEGRATION AT ELECTRIC UTILITIES –
SYSTEM INTERFACES FOR DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT –
Part 2: Glossary
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61968 identifies and explains terms and abbreviations used in the remaining
parts of IEC 61968.
This glossary, accompanying the IEC 61968 series, is the second part in the series that, taken
as a whole, defines interfaces for the major elements of an interface architecture for
distribution management systems (DMS).
As used in IEC 61968, a DMS consists of various distributed application components for the
utility to manage electrical distribution networks. These capabilities include monitoring and
control of equipment for power delivery, management processes to ensure system reliability,
voltage management, demand-side management, outage management, work management,
automated mapping and facilities management.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of the IEC 61968 series, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
abstract component
smallest logical block of software considered in the IEC 61968 interface reference model
NOTE Abstract components have interfaces that will be defined in parts 3 to 10 of the IEC 61968 series. It is
expected that different vendors will supply physical application components that support the interfaces for one or
more abstract components.
2.2
absolute data
data which is based on a fixed sample at a prescribed moment in time
NOTE 1 The data may have been scaled and may consist of a signed value (as opposed to unsigned).
[Aclara 2008]
NOTE 2 See also: "incremental data".
2.3
account number
unique number issued by a customer information system to identify a specific customer
account within a given utility
[Aclara 2008]
2.4
accuracy (of a measurement)
quality of freedom from mistake or error, that is, of conformity to truth or to a rule
NOTE 1 Accuracy is distinguished from precision as in the following example: A six-place table is more precise
than a four-place table. However, if there are errors in the six-place table, it may be more or less accurate than the
four-place table.
TS 61968-2 © IEC:2011(E) – 7 –
NOTE 2 The accuracy of an indicated or recorded value is expressed by the ratio of the error of the indicated
value to the true value. It is usually expressed in percent. Since the true value cannot be determined exactly, the
measured or calculated value of highest available accuracy is taken to be the true value or reference value.
Comparison of results obtained by different measurement procedures is often useful in establishing the true value.
[IEEE 2000]
NOTE 3 See also: "resolution”.
2.5
active energy
real energy
integral of active power with respect to time
NOTE In a distribution network, active energy is normally measured in kiloWatthours (kWh).
[Aclara 2008]
2.6
active power
real power
under periodic conditions, mean value, taken over one period T, of the instantaneous power
p:
T
P= pdt
∫
T
...
IEC TS 61968-2 ®
Edition 2.0 2011-03
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION
Application integration at electric utilities – System interfaces for distribution
management –
Part 2: Glossary
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or
IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite
ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie
et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de la CEI ou du Comité national de la CEI du pays du demandeur.
Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette
publication, utilisez les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de la CEI de votre pays de résidence.
IEC Central Office
3, rue de Varembé
CH-1211 Geneva 20
Switzerland
Email: inmail@iec.ch
Web: www.iec.ch
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
Catalogue of IEC publications: www.iec.ch/searchpub
The IEC on-line Catalogue enables you to search by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical committee,…).
It also gives information on projects, withdrawn and replaced publications.
IEC Just Published: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published details twice a month all new publications released. Available
on-line and also by email.
Electropedia: www.electropedia.org
The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing more than 20 000 terms and definitions
in English and French, with equivalent terms in additional languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical
Vocabulary online.
Customer Service Centre: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please visit the Customer Service
Centre FAQ or contact us:
Email: csc@iec.ch
Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
Fax: +41 22 919 03 00
IEC TS 61968-2 ®
Edition 2.0 2011-03
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION
Application integration at electric utilities – System interfaces for distribution
management –
Part 2: Glossary
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 33.200 ISBN 978-2-8891-2425-1
– 2 – TS 61968-2 © IEC:2011(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Terms and definitions . 6
3 Glossary of abbreviations in the IEC 61968 series . 48
Bibliography . 51
TS 61968-2 © IEC:2011(E) – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
APPLICATION INTEGRATION AT ELECTRIC UTILITIES –
SYSTEM INTERFACES FOR DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT –
Part 2: Glossary
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In
exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical
specification when
• the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard,
despite repeated efforts, or
• the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the
future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard.
Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide
whether they can be transformed into International Standards.
IEC 61968-2, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by IEC technical
committee 57: Power systems management and associated information exchange.
– 4 – TS 61968-2 © IEC:2011(E)
The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents:
TS Report on voting
57/1054/DTS 57/1088/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives Part 2.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2003. This second
edition constitutes a technical revision. It contains numerous new terms in support of
IEC 61968-9, as well as revisions to terms found in the first edition.
The reader will find citations to bibliographic references within square brackets [ ] below many
of the term definitions. Cross references between many related terms have also been added
to this edition. These are located among the notes and begin with the words “See also.”
A list of all the parts in the IEC 61968 series, published under the general title Application
integration at electric utilities – System interfaces for distribution management can be found
on the IEC website.
A bilingual version may be issued at a later date.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• transformed into an International standard,
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
TS 61968-2 © IEC:2011(E) – 5 –
INTRODUCTION
The IEC 61968 series is intended to facilitate inter-application integration, as opposed to
intra-application integration, of the various distributed software application systems supporting
the management of utility electrical distribution networks. Intra-application integration is aimed
at programs in the same application system, usually communicating with each other using
middleware that is embedded in their underlying runtime environment, and tends to be
optimized for close, real-time, synchronous connections and interactive request/reply or
conversation communication models. IEC 61968, by contrast, is intended to support the inter-
application integration of a utility enterprise that needs to connect disparate applications that
are already built or new (legacy or purchased applications), each supported by dissimilar
runtime environments. Therefore, IEC 61968 is relevant to loosely coupled applications with
more heterogeneity in languages, operating systems, protocols and management tools.
IEC 61968 is intended to support applications that need to exchange data on an event driven
basis. IEC 61968 is intended to be implemented with middleware services that broker
messages among applications, and will complement, but not replace utility data warehouses,
database gateways, and operational stores.
The series of standards will be using a lot of definitions, terms and abbreviations from the
area of distribution management as well as from the area of Information and Communication
Technology. This glossary part defines the terms and abbreviations as they are used in the
context of this series of standards.
– 6 – TS 61968-2 © IEC:2011(E)
APPLICATION INTEGRATION AT ELECTRIC UTILITIES –
SYSTEM INTERFACES FOR DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT –
Part 2: Glossary
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61968 identifies and explains terms and abbreviations used in the remaining
parts of IEC 61968.
This glossary, accompanying the IEC 61968 series, is the second part in the series that, taken
as a whole, defines interfaces for the major elements of an interface architecture for
distribution management systems (DMS).
As used in IEC 61968, a DMS consists of various distributed application components for the
utility to manage electrical distribution networks. These capabilities include monitoring and
control of equipment for power delivery, management processes to ensure system reliability,
voltage management, demand-side management, outage management, work management,
automated mapping and facilities management.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of the IEC 61968 series, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
abstract component
smallest logical block of software considered in the IEC 61968 interface reference model
NOTE Abstract components have interfaces that will be defined in parts 3 to 10 of the IEC 61968 series. It is
expected that different vendors will supply physical application components that support the interfaces for one or
more abstract components.
2.2
absolute data
data which is based on a fixed sample at a prescribed moment in time
NOTE 1 The data may have been scaled and may consist of a signed value (as opposed to unsigned).
[Aclara 2008]
NOTE 2 See also: "incremental data".
2.3
account number
unique number issued by a customer information system to identify a specific customer
account within a given utility
[Aclara 2008]
2.4
accuracy (of a measurement)
quality of freedom from mistake or error, that is, of conformity to truth or to a rule
NOTE 1 Accuracy is distinguished from precision as in the following example: A six-place table is more precise
than a four-place table. However, if there are errors in the six-place table, it may be more or less accurate than the
four-place table.
TS 61968-2 © IEC:2011(E) – 7 –
NOTE 2 The accuracy of an indicated or recorded value is expressed by the ratio of the error of the indicated
value to the true value. It is usually expressed in percent. Since the true value cannot be determined exactly, the
measured or calculated value of highest available accuracy is taken to be the true value or reference value.
Comparison of results obtained by different measurement procedures is often useful in establishing the true value.
[IEEE 2000]
NOTE 3 See also: "resolution”.
2.5
active energy
real energy
integral of active power with respect to time
NOTE In a distribution network, active energy is normally measured in kiloWatthours (kWh).
[Aclara 2008]
2.6
active power
real power
under periodic conditions, mean value, taken over one period T, of the instantaneous power
p:
T
P= pdt
∫
T
NOTE 1 Under
...
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