CISPR TR 18-1:2017
(Main)Radio interference characteristics of overhead power lines and high-voltage equipment - Part 1: Description of phenomena
Radio interference characteristics of overhead power lines and high-voltage equipment - Part 1: Description of phenomena
CISPR TR 18-1:2017 which is a Technical Report, applies to radio noise from overhead power lines, associated equipment, and high-voltage equipment which may cause interference to radio reception. The scope of this document includes the causes, measurement and effects of radio interference, design aspects in relation to this interference, methods and examples for establishing limits and prediction of tolerable levels of interference from high voltage overhead power lines and associated equipment, to the reception of radio signals and services. The frequency range covered is 0,15 MHz to 3 GHz. Radio frequency interference caused by the pantograph of overhead railway traction systems is not considered in this document. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2010. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- updated description of the RF characteristics of spark discharges which might contain spectral radio noise components up to the GHz frequency range;
- addition of state of the art in HVDC converter technology
Keywords: radio noise from overhead power lines and high-voltage equipment
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
CISPR TR 18-1 ®
Edition 3.0 2017-10
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
Radio interference characteristics of overhead power lines and high-voltage
equipment –
Part 1: Description of phenomena
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé Fax: +41 22 919 03 00
CH-1211 Geneva 20 info@iec.ch
Switzerland www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
IEC Catalogue - webstore.iec.ch/catalogue Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The stand-alone application for consulting the entire The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and
bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, electrical terms containing 20 000 terms and definitions in
Technical Specifications, Technical Reports and other English and French, with equivalent terms in 16 additional
documents. Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical
iPad. Vocabulary (IEV) online.
IEC publications search - www.iec.ch/searchpub IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a 65 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in English and
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries have been
and withdrawn publications. collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 86 and
CISPR.
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
details all new publications released. Available online and If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or
also once a month by email. need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
Centre: csc@iec.ch.
CISPR TR 18-1 ®
Edition 3.0 2017-10
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
Radio interference characteristics of overhead power lines and high-voltage
equipment –
Part 1: Description of phenomena
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 33.100.01 ISBN 978-2-8322-4896-6
– 2 – CISPR TR 18-1:2017 © IEC 2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Radio noise from HV AC overhead power lines . 10
4.1 General . 10
4.2 Physical aspects of radio noise . 11
4.2.1 Mechanism of formation of a noise field . 11
4.2.2 Definition of noise . 13
4.2.3 Influence of external parameters . 14
4.3 Main characteristics of the noise field resulting from conductor corona . 14
4.3.1 General . 14
4.3.2 Frequency spectrum . 14
4.3.3 Lateral profile . 15
4.3.4 Statistical distribution with varying seasons and weather conditions . 17
5 Effects of corona from conductors . 18
5.1 Physical aspects of corona from conductors . 18
5.1.1 General . 18
5.1.2 Factors in corona generation . 19
5.2 Methods of investigation of corona by cages and test lines . 20
5.2.1 General . 20
5.2.2 Test cages . 20
5.2.3 Test lines . 21
5.3 Methods of predetermination . 21
5.3.1 General . 21
5.3.2 Analytical methods . 22
5.3.3 CIGRÉ method . 22
5.4 Catalogue of standard profiles . 23
5.4.1 General . 23
5.4.2 Principle of catalogue presentation . 23
6 Radio noise levels due to insulators, hardware and substation equipment
(excluding bad contacts) . 24
6.1 Physical aspects of radio noise sources . 24
6.1.1 General . 24
6.1.2 Radio noise due to corona discharges at hardware . 25
6.1.3 Radio noise due to insulators . 25
6.2 Correlation between radio noise voltage and the corresponding field strength
for distributed and individual sources . 26
6.2.1 General . 26
6.2.2 Semi-empirical approach and equation . 27
6.2.3 Analytical methods . 29
6.2.4 Example of application. 29
6.3 Influence of ambient conditions . 30
7 Sparking due to bad contacts . 30
7.1 Physical aspects of the radio noise phenomenon . 30
7.2 Example of gap sources . 31
8 Radio noise from HVDC overhead power lines . 32
8.1 General [56, 57] . 32
8.1.1 Description of electric field physical phenomena of HVDC transmission
systems . 32
8.1.2 Description of radio interference phenomena of HVDC transmission
system . 33
8.2 Physical aspects of DC corona . 33
8.3 Formation mechanism of a noise field from a DC line . 34
8.4 Characteristics of the radio noise from DC lines . 34
8.4.1 General . 34
8.4.2 Frequency spectrum . 34
8.4.3 Lateral profile . 35
8.4.4 Statistical distribution . 35
8.5 Factors influencing the radio noise from DC lines . 35
8.5.1 General . 35
8.5.2 Conductor surface conditions. 36
8.5.3 Conductor surface gradient . 36
8.5.4 Polarity . 37
8.5.5 Weather conditions . 37
8.5.6 Subjective effects . 38
8.6 Calculation of the radio noise level due to conductor corona . 38
8.7 Radio noise due to insulators, hardware and substation equipment . 40
8.8 Valve firing effects . 40
9 Figures . 42
Annex A (informative) Calculation of the voltage gradient at the surface of a conductor
of an overhead line . 54
Annex B (informative) Catalogue of profiles of radio noise field due to conductor
corona for certain types of power line . 58
Annex C (informative) Summary of the catalogue of radio noise profiles according to
the recommendations of the CISPR . 74
Bibliography . 76
Figure 1 – Typical lateral attenuation curves for high voltage lines, normalized to a
lateral distance of y = 15 m, distance in linear scale . 42
Figure 2 – Typical lateral attenuation curves for high voltage lines, normalized to a
direct distance of D = 20 m, distance in logarithmic scale . 43
Figure 3 – Examples of statistical yearly distributions of radio-noise levels recorded
continuously under various overhead lines . 44
Figure 4 – Examples of statistical yearly distributions of radio-noise levels recorded
continuously under various overhead lines . 45
Figure 5 – Example of statistical yearly distributions of radio-noise levels recorded
continuously under various overhead lines . 46
Figure 6 – Examples of statistical yearly distributions of radio-noise levels recorded
continuously under various overhead lines . 47
Figure 7 – Equipotential lines for clean and dry insulation units . 48
Figure 8 – Determination of the magnetic field strength from a perpendicular to a
section of a line, at a distance x from the point of injection of noise current I . 48
Figure 9 – Longitudinal noise attenuation versus distance from noise source (from test
results of various experiments frequencies around 0,5 MHz) . 49
– 4 – CISPR TR 18-1:2017 © IEC 2017
Figure 10 – Lateral profile of the radio noise field strength produced by distributed
discrete sources on a 420 kV line of infinite length .
...
CISPR TR 18-1 ®
Edition 3.0 2017-10
REDLINE VERSION
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
Radio interference characteristics of overhead power lines and high-voltage
equipment –
Part 1: Description of phenomena
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
IEC Catalogue - webstore.iec.ch/catalogue Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The stand-alone application for consulting the entire The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and
bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, electrical terms containing 21 000 terms and definitions in
Technical Specifications, Technical Reports and other English and French, with equivalent terms in 16 additional
documents. Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical
iPad. Vocabulary (IEV) online.
IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a 67 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in English and
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries have been
and withdrawn publications. collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 86 and
CISPR.
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
details all new publications released. Available online and If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or
also once a month by email. need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
Centre: sales@iec.ch.
CISPR TR 18-1 ®
Edition 3.0 2017-10
REDLINE VERSION
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
Radio interference characteristics of overhead power lines and high-voltage
equipment –
Part 1: Description of phenomena
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 33.100.01 ISBN 978-2-8322-4998-7
– 2 – CISPR TR 18-1:2017 RLV © IEC 2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 2
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Radio noise from HV AC overhead power lines . 10
4.1 General . 10
4.2 Physical aspects of radio noise . 11
4.2.1 Mechanism of formation of a noise field . 11
4.2.2 Definition of noise . 13
4.2.3 Influence of external parameters . 14
4.3 Main characteristics of the noise field resulting from conductor corona . 14
4.3.1 General . 14
4.3.2 Frequency spectrum . 14
4.3.3 Lateral profile . 15
4.3.4 Statistical distribution with varying seasons and weather conditions . 17
5 Effects of corona from conductors . 18
5.1 Physical aspects of corona from conductors . 18
5.1.1 General . 18
5.1.2 Factors in corona generation . 19
5.2 Methods of investigation of corona by cages and test lines . 20
5.2.1 General . 20
5.2.2 Test cages . 20
5.2.3 Test lines . 21
5.3 Methods of predetermination . 22
5.3.1 General . 22
5.3.2 Analytical methods . 22
5.3.3 CIGRÉ method . 22
5.4 Catalogue of standard profiles . 23
5.4.1 General . 23
5.4.2 Principle of catalogue presentation . 23
6 Radio noise levels due to insulators, hardware and substation equipment
(excluding bad contacts) . 25
6.1 Physical aspects of radio noise sources . 25
6.1.1 General . 25
6.1.2 Radio noise due to corona discharges at hardware . 25
6.1.3 Radio noise due to insulators . 25
6.2 Correlation between radio noise voltage and the corresponding field strength
for distributed and individual sources . 27
6.2.1 General . 27
6.2.2 Semi-empirical approach and equation . 27
6.2.3 Analytical methods . 29
6.2.4 Example of application. 30
6.3 Influence of ambient conditions . 30
7 Sparking due to bad contacts . 30
7.1 Physical aspects of the radio noise phenomenon . 30
7.2 Example of gap sources . 32
8 Special d.c. effects Radio noise from HVDC overhead power lines . 32
8.1 General [56, 57] . 32
8.1.1 Description of electric field physical phenomena of HVDC transmission
systems . 32
8.1.2 Description of radio interference phenomena of HVDC transmission
system . 33
8.2 Effects of corona from conductors Physical aspects of DC corona . 34
8.3 Formation mechanism of a noise field from a DC line . 34
8.4 Characteristics of the radio noise from DC lines . 35
8.4.1 General . 35
8.4.2 Frequency spectrum . 35
8.4.3 Lateral profile . 35
8.4.4 Statistical distribution . 35
8.5 Factors influencing the radio noise from DC lines . 36
8.5.1 General . 36
8.5.2 Conductor surface conditions. 36
8.5.3 Conductor surface gradient . 37
8.5.4 Polarity . 37
8.5.5 Weather conditions . 37
8.5.6 Subjective effects . 39
8.6 Calculation of the radio noise level due to conductor corona . 39
8.7 Radio noise due to insulators, hardware and substation equipment . 41
8.8 Valve firing effects . 41
9 Figures . 32
Annex A (informative) Calculation of the voltage gradient at the surface of a conductor
of an overhead line . 55
Annex B (informative) Catalogue of profiles of radio noise field due to conductor
corona for certain types of power line . 59
Annex C (informative) Summary of the catalogue of radio noise profiles according to
the recommendations of the CISPR . 75
Bibliography . 77
Figure 1 – Typical lateral attenuation curves for high voltage lines, normalized to a
lateral distance of y = 15 m, distance in linear scale . 43
Figure 2 – Typical lateral attenuation curves for high voltage lines, normalized to a
direct distance of D = 20 m, distance in logarithmic scale . 44
Figure 3 – Examples of statistical yearly distributions of radio-noise levels recorded
continuously under various overhead lines . 45
Figure 4 – Examples of statistical yearly distributions of radio-noise levels recorded
continuously under various overhead lines . 46
Figure 5 – Example of statistical yearly distributions of radio-noise levels recorded
continuously under various overhead lines . 47
Figure 6 – Examples of statistical yearly distributions of radio-noise levels recorded
continuously under various overhead lines . 48
Figure 7 – Equipotential lines for clean and dry insulation units . 49
Figure 8 – Determination of the magnetic field strength from a perpendicular to a
section of a line, at a distance x from the point of injection of noise current I . 49
Figure 9 – Longitudinal noise attenuation versus distance from noise source (from test
results of various experiments frequencies around 0,5 MHz) . 50
– 4 – CISPR TR 18-1:2017 RLV © IEC 2017
Figure 10 – Lateral profile of the radio noise field strength produced by distributed
discrete sources on a 420 kV line of infinite length .
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.