Amendment 1 - Tests on indoor and outdoor post insulators of ceramic material or glass for systems with nominal voltages greater than 1000 V

Amendement 1 - Essais des supports isolants d'intérieur et d'extérieur, en matière céramique ou en verre, destinés à des installations de tension nominale supérieure à 1000 V

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
23-Jun-1997
Technical Committee
TC 36 - Insulators
Current Stage
PPUB - Publication issued
Start Date
24-Jun-1997
Completion Date
30-Jun-1997

Relations

Effective Date
05-Sep-2023

Overview

IEC 60168:1994/AMD1:1997 is an important international standard amendment issued by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). It focuses on tests for indoor and outdoor post insulators made of ceramic material or glass, designed for electrical systems with nominal voltages exceeding 1000 volts. This amendment updates procedures for type testing, routine testing, and mechanical and electrical evaluations specific to high voltage post insulators, ensuring their reliability and safety in substation installations.

The document was prepared by IEC Technical Committee 36, Subcommittee 36C, which specializes in insulators for substations. The amendment refines test methods, clarifies technical requirements, and introduces standardized mounting arrangements for various voltage levels, addressing both mechanical and electrical performance criteria critical for post insulators operating in demanding electrical environments.

Key Topics

  • Type Test Requirements:
    The amendment specifies that type tests must be conducted on insulators that have passed all routine and sample tests, except the mechanical rupture test on samples. It requires that normally only one post insulator be subjected to each type test to ensure test validity.

  • Switching-Impulse Withstand Voltage:
    Applicable only to post insulators used in AC systems with equipment voltage ratings above 245 kV. This parameter is essential for assessing the insulator's ability to withstand sudden voltage surges.

  • Mechanical and Electrical Equivalence:
    The amendment details conditions under which test results for one insulator design can be extended to others with "electrically equivalent" or "mechanically equivalent" designs. Equivalence is determined based on material, arcing distance, core diameter, metal fittings' configuration, and shed dimensions.

  • Standardized Mounting Arrangements:
    Two mounting methods are outlined based on the system voltage:

    • For systems below 300 kV (or >245 kV as amended), mounting without switching impulse tests requires a vertical position on an earthed horizontal U-channel metal support.
    • For systems ≥300 kV, mounting includes arrangements when switching impulse tests are mandatory, incorporating a horizontal conductor of specified length and diameter to simulate operational conditions.
  • Routine and Individual Tests:
    The amendment specifies mechanical bending and tensile tests for post insulators, with variations based on insulator height and material (ceramic or glass). It also allows alternative or additional mechanical tests by agreement between purchaser and manufacturer to adapt to specific service conditions.

  • Visual Inspection and Quality Criteria:
    The amendment updates requirements for allowable surface defects on ceramic insulators, such as limits on glaze-free areas and surface inclusions, enhancing quality control during manufacturing.

  • Test Methods and Figures:
    Annexes provide detailed testing procedures for dimensional tolerances, mechanical tests on unassembled insulator units, and mathematical calculations related to loads and bending moments. Updated figures replace previous illustrations to improve clarity.

Applications

IEC 60168 Amendment 1 is crucial for:

  • Power Utilities and Substation Engineers:
    Ensuring the selection and testing of reliable post insulators that meet stringent electrical and mechanical standards, reducing failure risks in high voltage installations.

  • Insulator Manufacturers:
    Guiding production quality control and adherence to international requirements, facilitating certification and market acceptance.

  • Test Laboratories:
    Providing standardized procedures for conducting type tests, routine tests, and mechanical assessments on indoor and outdoor post insulators for nominal voltages above 1000 V.

  • Design and Maintenance Teams:
    Offering criteria for assessing insulator performance through routine inspections and tests, supporting preventive maintenance and asset management in power systems.

Related Standards

  • IEC 61264:1994 – Ceramic pressurized hollow insulators for high-voltage switchgear and control gear, referenced for complementary material and design specifications.

  • IEC 60383 Series – Related standards covering insulator design and testing, providing a broader framework for insulator performance evaluation.

  • IEC 60071 Series – Standards on insulation coordination, relevant for understanding voltage withstand requirements in system design.

By complying with IEC 60168:1994/AMD1:1997, stakeholders benefit from a harmonized, internationally recognized methodology to verify the mechanical strength and electrical durability of ceramic and glass post insulators in high voltage electrical systems, enhancing safety, reliability, and operational efficiency.

Standard

IEC 60168:1994/AMD1:1997 - Amendment 1 - Tests on indoor and outdoor post insulators of ceramic material or glass for systems with nominal voltages greater than 1000 V

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Frequently Asked Questions

IEC 60168:1994/AMD1:1997 is a standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Its full title is "Amendment 1 - Tests on indoor and outdoor post insulators of ceramic material or glass for systems with nominal voltages greater than 1000 V". This standard covers: Amendment 1 - Tests on indoor and outdoor post insulators of ceramic material or glass for systems with nominal voltages greater than 1000 V

Amendment 1 - Tests on indoor and outdoor post insulators of ceramic material or glass for systems with nominal voltages greater than 1000 V

IEC 60168:1994/AMD1:1997 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 29.080.10 - Insulators. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

IEC 60168:1994/AMD1:1997 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to IEC 60168:1994. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

IEC 60168:1994/AMD1:1997 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.

Standards Content (Sample)


NORME
CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
AMENDEMENT 1
AMENDMENT 1
1997-06
Amendement 1
Essais des supports isolants d'intérieur
et d'extérieur, en matière céramique ou en verre,
destinés à des installations de tension nominale
supérieure à 1 000 V
Amendment 1
Tests on indoor and outdoor post insulators of
ceramic material or glass for systems with
nominal voltages greater than 1 000 V
 
IEC 1997 Droits de reproduction réservés  Copyright - all rights reserved
International Electrotechnical Commission 3, rue de Varembé Geneva, Switzerland
Telefax: +41 22 919 0300 e-mail: inmail@iec.ch IEC web site http: //www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
H
PRICE CODE
International Electrotechnical Commission
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue

– 2 – 60168 amend. 1 © CEI:1997
AVANT-PROPOS
Le présent amendement a été établi par le sous-comité 36C: Isolateurs pour sous-stations, du
comité d'études 36 de la CEI: Isolateurs.
Le texte de cet amendement est issu des documents suivants:
FDIS Rapport de vote
36C/81/FDIS 36C/89/RVD
Le rapport de vote indiqué dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ayant
abouti à l'approbation de cet amendement.
__________
Page 18
2.2 Valeurs caractérisant un support isolant
Remplacer la note de bas de page par la suivante:
* Il convient que la tension de tenue aux chocs de manoeuvres ne soit spécifiée que pour les supports isolants
utilisés sur les réseaux à courant alternatif dont la tension la plus élevée pour le matériel est supérieure à 245 kV.
Page 20
3.1.1 Essais de type
Remplacer, à la page 22, le texte du dernier alinéa par le suivant:
Les essais de type doivent être effectués sur un ou des isolateurs qui ont satisfait aux
prescriptions de tous les essais individuels et de tous les essais sur prélèvements, sauf l'essai
de rupture mécanique sur prélèvements.
Page 22
3.3.1 Sélection des isolateurs pour les essais de type
Remplacer le texte de ce paragraphe par le suivant:
Normalement, un seul support isolant doit être soumis à chaque essai. L'essai doit être
effectué sur un support isolant qui a satisfait aux prescriptions de tous les essais individuels et
de tous les essais sur prélèvements, sauf l'essai de rupture mécanique sur prélèvements. Les
isolateurs qui ont subi les essais de type et dont les caractéristiques mécaniques et/ou
électriques pourraient être affectées ne doivent pas être utilisés en service.

60168 Amend. 1 © IEC:1997 – 3 –
FOREWORD
This amendment has been prepared by subcommittee 36C: Insulators for substations, of IEC
technical committee 36: Insulators.
The text of this amendment is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
36C/81/FDIS 36C/89/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this amendment can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
__________
Page 19
2.2 Values which characterize a post insulator
Replace the footnote by the following:
* Switching-impulse withstand voltage should be specified only for post insulators for use on a.c. systems with
highest voltage for equipment above 245 kV.
Page 21
3.1.1 Type tests
Replace, on page 23, the existing text of the last paragraph by the following:
The type tests shall be carried out on insulator(s) which have passed all the requirements for
the routine and the sample tests, except the sample mechanical test.
Page 23
3.3.1 Insulator selection for type tests
Replace the text of this subclause by the following:
Normally, only one post insulator shall be subjected to each test. The test shall be carried out
on an insulator which has passed all the requirements for the routine and the sample tests,
except the sample mechanical test. Insulators which have been submitted to type tests which
may affect their mechanical and/or electrical characteristics shall not be used in service.

– 4 – 60168 amend. 1 © CEI:1997
Page 24
3.3.3 Essais électriques de type
Remplacer le deuxième alinéa de ce paragraphe par le suivant:
Les résultats obtenus durant les essais électriques de type sur un support isolant de «conception
électrique équivalente» doivent être étendus à tous les supports isolants correspondants. Cela
correspond aux isolateurs fabriqués avec les mêmes matériaux et dont les caractéristiques
suivantes sont comparables au support isolant de «conception électrique équivalente»:
a) la distance d'arc est la même ou supérieure;
b) le diamètre nominal du fût est le même ou inférieur;
c) le nombre et la position approximative des parties métalliques sont les mêmes;
d) le pas nominal des ailettes est le même avec une tolérance de ±5 %;
e) la projection nominale des ailettes est la même avec une tolérance de ±10 %;
f) le profil d'ailette est le même.
3.3.4 Essais de rupture mécanique de type
La correction ne concerne que le texte anglais.
Page 32
4.4.1 Montage du support isolant devant être utilisé sur des réseaux dont la tension
la plus élevée pour le matériel est inférieure à 300 kV
Remplacer le titre de ce paragraphe et le premier alinéa par ce qui suit:
4.4.1 Montage normalisé du support isolant quand les essais aux chocs de manoeuvres
ne sont pas demandés
Le support isolant doit être monté en position verticale sur un support métallique horizontal mis
à la terre, constitué par un fer profilé en U dont les ailes sont tournées vers le bas. Ce support
métallique doit avoir une largeur approximativement égale au diamètre de la ferrure de base du
support isolant essayé et une longueur au moins égale à deux fois la hauteur de ce support
isolant. Il doit être placé à au moins 1 m au-dessus du sol pour les supports isolants dont la
hauteur n'est pas supérieure à 1,80 m; pour les supports isolants de plus grande hauteur la
distance doit être d'au moins 2,50 m.

60168 Amend. 1 © IEC:1997 – 5 –
Page 25
3.3.3 Electrical type tests
Replace the second paragraph of this subclause by the following:
The results obtained during the electrical type tests on a post insulator of "electrically
equivalent design" shall be extended to all post insulators represented by it. These are
insulators made with the same materials and having the following characteristics when
compared with the post insulator of "electrically equivalent design":
a) the arcing distance is the same or greater;
b) the nominal core diameter is the same or smaller;
c) the number and approximate position of metal fittings is the same;
d) the nominal shed spacing is the same within ±5 %;
e) the nominal shed projection is the same within ±10 %;
f) the shed profile is the same.
3.3.4 Mechanical failing load type tests
Replace, on page 27, the first paragraph of this subclause by the following:
The results obtained during the mechanical failing load type tests on a post insulator of
"mechanically equivalent design" shall be extended to all post insulators represented by it.
These are insulators made in the same factory, with the same materials, and by the same
manufacturing process, and having the following characteristics, when compared with the post
insulator of "mechanically equivalent design:"
a) the nominal core diameter is the same;
b) the design of the connection between the insulating component and the metal fittings is
the same;
c) the shape and size of the parts of the metal fittings which connect to the insulating
components are the same;
d) the nominal height does not differ by more than ±20 %.
Page 33
4.4.1 Standard mounting arrangement of a post insulator for use in systems with highest
voltage of equipment below 300 kV
Replace the title of this subclause and first and second paragraphs by the following:
4.4.1 Standard mounting arrangement of a post insulator when switching impulse tests
are not required
The post insulator shall be mounted vertically upright on a horizontal earthed metal support
consisting of a U-channel section with the flanges pointing downwards. This metal support shall
have a width about equal to the diameter of the mounting face of the post insulator under test
and a length at least equal to twice the height of the post insulator, and shall be placed at least
1 m above ground for post insulators not higher than 1,80 m. For higher post insulators, the
distance above ground shall be at least 2,50 m.

– 6 – 60168 amend. 1 © CEI:1997
Deuxième alinéa
La correction ne concerne que le texte anglais.
4.4.2 Montage du support isolant devant être utilisé sur des réseaux dont la tension
la plus élevée pour le matériel est égale ou supérieure à 300 kV
Remplacer le titre de ce paragraphe par le titre suivant:
4.4.2 Montage normalisé du support isolant quand les essais aux chocs de manoeuvres
sont demandés
Page 50
5.2.4.4 Essais sur ferrures de têtes
Remplacer, à la page 52, la note existante par la note suivante:
NOTE – Par accord entre l'acheteur et le fabricant, le moment de flexion M au niveau de la ferrure de tête peut
être vérifié en montant le support isolant à l'envers et en appliquant une charge à l'extrémité libre. Cette
méthode peut également être appliquée quand le support n'est pas conçu avec une progression linéaire de la
résistance mécanique.
Page 62
5.8.1 Supports isolants avec parties isolantes en matière céramique
Remplacer le septième alinéa de ce paragraphe par le suivant:
Sur le fût d'un élément de support isolant cylindrique, des défauts de surface de type é
...

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