ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011
(Main)Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards — Proximity cards — Part 3: Initialization and anticollision
Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards — Proximity cards — Part 3: Initialization and anticollision
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011 describes: polling for proximity cards or objects (PICCs) entering the field of a proximity coupling device (PCD); the byte format, the frames and timing used during the initial phase of communication between PCDs and PICCs; the initial Request and Answer to Request command content; methods to detect and communicate with one PICC among several PICCs (anticollision); other parameters required to initialize communications between a PICC and PCD; optional means to ease and speed up the selection of one PICC among several PICCs based on application criteria. Protocol and commands used by higher layers and by applications and which are used after the initial phase are described in ISO/IEC 14443-4. ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011 is applicable to PICCs of Type A and of Type B (as described in ISO/IEC 14443-2).
Cartes d'identification — Cartes à circuit(s) intégré(s) sans contact — Cartes de proximité — Partie 3: Initialisation et anticollision
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 14443-3
Second edition
2011-04-15
Identification cards — Contactless
integrated circuit cards — Proximity
cards
Part 3:
Initialization and anticollision
Cartes d'identification — Cartes à circuit(s) intégré(s) sans contact —
Cartes de proximité
Partie 3: Initialisation et anticollision
Reference number
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2011
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ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011(E)
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ii © ISO/IEC 2011 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction.vi
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 Symbols, abbreviated terms and notation.2
5 Alternating between Type A and Type B commands .5
5.1 Polling.5
5.2 Influence of Type A commands on PICC Type B operation.5
5.3 Influence of Type B commands on PICC Type A operation.5
5.4 Transition to POWER-OFF state .5
6 Type A – Initialization and anticollision .5
6.1 Bit rates .5
6.2 Frame format and timing .6
6.2.1 Frame delay time .6
6.2.2 Request Guard Time .8
6.2.3 Frame formats.8
6.2.4 CRC_A .10
6.3 PICC states.11
6.3.1 POWER-OFF state .12
6.3.2 IDLE state .13
6.3.3 READY state.13
6.3.4 ACTIVE state .13
6.3.5 HALT state.13
6.3.6 READY* state .13
6.3.7 ACTIVE* state.14
6.3.8 PROTOCOL state.14
6.4 Command set.14
6.4.1 REQA and WUPA commands.14
6.4.2 ANTICOLLISION and SELECT commands.15
6.4.3 HLTA command .15
6.5 Select sequence .15
6.5.1 Select sequence flowchart .16
6.5.2 ATQA - Answer To Request .16
6.5.3 Anticollision and Select.18
6.5.4 UID contents and cascade levels.21
7 Type B – Initialization and anticollision .23
7.1 Character, frame format and timing .23
7.1.1 Character transmission format .23
7.1.2 Character separation.24
7.1.3 Frame format.24
7.1.4 SOF .25
7.1.5 EOF .26
7.1.6 Timing before the PICC SOF .27
7.1.7 Timing before the PCD SOF .27
7.2 CRC_B .28
7.3 Anticollision sequence .28
7.4 PICC states description .29
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ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011(E)
7.4.1 Initialization and anticollision flowchart .31
7.4.2 General statement for state description and transitions.31
7.4.3 POWER-OFF state.32
7.4.4 IDLE state .32
7.4.5 READY-REQUESTED sub-state.32
7.4.6 READY-DECLARED sub-state.33
7.4.7 PROTOCOL state .33
7.4.8 HALT state .33
7.5 Command set .33
7.6 Anticollision response rules.34
7.6.1 PICC with initialization only.34
7.7 REQB/WUPB command .34
7.7.1 REQB/WUPB command format .34
7.7.2 Coding of Anticollision Prefix byte APf.34
7.7.3 Coding of AFI .35
7.7.4 Coding of PARAM .36
7.8 Slot-MARKER command .37
7.8.1 Slot-MARKER command format.37
7.8.2 Coding of anticollision prefix byte APn .37
7.9 ATQB Response.37
7.9.1 ATQB response format .37
7.9.2 PUPI (Pseudo-Unique PICC Identifier).38
7.9.3 Application Data.38
7.9.4 Protocol Info.39
7.10 ATTRIB command.42
7.10.1 ATTRIB command format .42
7.10.2 Identifier.43
7.10.3 Coding of Param 1 .43
7.10.4 Coding of Param 2 .44
7.10.5 Coding of Param 3 .45
7.10.6 Coding of Param 4 .45
7.10.7 Higher layer INF .46
7.11 Answer to ATTRIB command .46
7.12 HLTB command and Answer.47
Annex A (informative) Communication example Type A .48
Annex B (informative) CRC_A and CRC_B encoding.50
Annex C (informative) Type A timeslot – Initialization and anticollision.54
Annex D (informative) Example of Type B Anticollision Sequence .58
Bibliography .60
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ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
ISO/IEC 14443-3 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 17, Cards and personal identification.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 14443-3:2001), which has been technically
revised.
It also incorporates the Amendments ISO/IEC 14443-3:2001/Amd.1:2005 and ISO/IEC 14443-3:2001/
Amd.3:2006, and the Technical Corrigendum ISO/IEC 14443-3:2001/Amd.1:2005/Cor.1:2006.
ISO/IEC 14443 consists of the following parts, under the general title Identification cards — Contactless
integrated circuit cards — Proximity cards:
⎯ Part 1: Physical characteristics
⎯ Part 2: Radio frequency power and signal interface
⎯ Part 3: Initialization and anticollision
⎯ Part 4: Transmission protocol
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ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011(E)
Introduction
ISO/IEC 14443 is one of a series of International Standards describing the parameters for identification cards
as defined in ISO/IEC 7810, and the use of such cards for international interchange.
This part of ISO/IEC 14443 describes polling for proximity cards entering the field of a proximity coupling
device, the byte format and framing, the initial Request and Answer to Request command content, methods to
detect and communicate with one proximity card among several proximity cards (anticollision) and other
parameters required to initialize communications between a proximity card and a proximity coupling device.
Protocols and commands used by higher layers and by applications and which are used after the initial phase
are described in ISO/IEC 14443-4.
ISO/IEC 14443 is intended to allow operation of proximity cards in the presence of other contactless cards
conforming to ISO/IEC 10536 and ISO/IEC 15693.
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
draw attention to the fact that it is claimed that compliance with this document may involve the use of patents.
ISO and IEC take no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of these patent rights.
The holders of these patent rights have assured ISO and IEC that they are willing to negotiate licences under
reasonable and non discriminatory terms and conditions with applicants throughout the world. In this respect,
the statements of the holders of these patent rights are registered with the ISO and IEC. Information may be
obtained from:
Patent holder Details
FRANCE TELECOM US Patent US5359323
Orange Labs
38-40 rue de Général Leclerc
92794 Issy-les-Moulineaux
France
INNOVOTRON WO 9936877A1
1 Rue Danton Europe 0 901 670
75006 Paris French Patent App 97.02501
France Int Pat App
PCT/FR98/00132
Innovatron Electronique / RATP
subclause 7.3, 7.6 and 7.7
French Patent App 98.00383
Int Pat App
PCT/FR99/00079
Innovatron Electronique / RATP
subclause 7.3, 7.4.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8
MOTOROLA Details not available.
Motorola ESG
Now:
Freescale Semiconductor Inc.
6501 William Cannon Drive West
Austin, Texas 78735
USA
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ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011(E)
PHILIPS PHO 94.520
Philips Intellectual Property & Standards EP-PS 066 9591
High Tech Campus 44 (BE,CH,DE,DK,ES,FR,GB,IT,NL,SE)
5656 AE Eindhoven AT-PS 401 127
The Netherlands Related to “anticollision” as specified in
ISO/IEC 14443-3
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights other than those identified above. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011(E)
Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards —
Proximity cards
Part 3:
Initialization and anticollision
1 Scope
This part of ISO/IEC 14443 describes:
⎯ polling for proximity cards or objects (PICCs) entering the field of a proximity coupling device (PCD);
⎯ the byte format, the frames and timing used during the initial phase of communication between PCDs and
PICCs;
⎯ the initial Request and Answer to Request command content;
⎯ methods to detect and communicate with one PICC among several PICCs (anticollision);
⎯ other parameters required to initialize communications between a PICC and PCD;
⎯ optional means to ease and speed up the selection of one PICC among several PICCs based on
application criteria.
Protocol and commands used by higher layers and by applications and which are used after the initial phase
are described in ISO/IEC 14443-4.
This part of ISO/IEC 14443 is applicable to PICCs of Type A and of Type B (as described in
ISO/IEC 14443-2).
NOTE 1 Part of the timing of data communication is defined in ISO/IEC 14443-2.
NOTE 2 Test methods for this International Standard are defined in ISO/IEC 10373-6.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 13239, Information technology — Telecommunications and information exchange between
systems — High-level data link control (HDLC) procedures
ISO/IEC 7816-4:2005, Identification cards — Integrated circuit cards — Part 4: Organization, security and
commands for interchange
ISO/IEC 7816-6, Identification cards — Integrated circuit cards — Part 6: Interindustry data elements for
interchange
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ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011(E)
ISO/IEC 14443-2, Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards — Proximity cards — Part 2:
Radio frequency power and signal interface
ISO/IEC 14443-4, Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards — Proximity cards — Part 4:
Transmission protocol
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 14443-2 and the following
apply.
3.1
anticollision loop
algorithm used to prepare for dialogue between PCD and one or more PICCs out of the total number of PICCs
responding to a request command
3.2
byte
byte consisting of 8 bits of data designated b8 to b1, from the most significant bit (MSB, b8) to the least
significant bit (LSB, b1)
3.3
collision
transmission by two PICCs in the same PCD energizing field and during the same time period, such that the
PCD is unable to distinguish from which PICC the data originated
3.4
frame
sequence of data bits and optional error detection bits, with frame delimiters at start and end
3.5
higher layer protocol
protocol layer (not described in this part of ISO/IEC 14443) that makes use of the protocol layer defined in this
part of ISO/IEC 14443 to transfer information belonging to the application or higher layers of protocol not
described in this part of ISO/IEC 14443
3.6
request command
command requesting PICCs of the appropriate type to respond if they are available for initialization
4 Symbols, abbreviated terms and notation
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols, abbreviated terms and notation apply.
ADC Application Data Coding, Type B
AFI Application Family Identifier, card preselection criteria by application, Type B
APf Anticollision Prefix f, used in REQB/WUPB, Type B
APn Anticollision Prefix n, used in Slot-MARKER command, Type B
ATQA Answer To reQuest, Type A
ATQB Answer To reQuest, Type B
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ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011(E)
ATTRIB PICC selection command, Type B
BCC Block Check Character (UID CLn check byte), Type A
CID Card IDentifier
CLn Cascade Level n, Type A
CT Cascade Tag, Type A
CRC_A Cyclic Redundancy Check error detection code, Type A
CRC_B Cyclic Redundancy Check error detection code, Type B
D Divisor
E End of communication, Type A
EGT Extra Guard Time, Type B
EOF End Of Frame, Type B
etu elementary time unit
FDT Frame Delay Time PCD to PICC, Type A
fc carrier frequency
FO Frame Option, Type B
fs subcarrier frequency
FWI Frame Waiting time Integer
FWT Frame Waiting Time
HLTA HaLT command, Type A
HLTB HaLT command, Type B
ID IDentification number, Type A
INF INFormation field belonging to higher layer, Type B
LSB Least Significant Bit
MBL Maximum Buffer Length, Type B
MBLI Maximum Buffer Length Index, Type B
MSB Most Significant Bit
N Number of anticollision slots, Type B
n Variable integer value as defined in the specific clause
NAD Node ADdress
NVB Number of Valid Bits, Type A
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ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011(E)
P Odd Parity bit, Type A
PCD Proximity Coupling Device
PICC Proximity Card or object
PUPI Pseudo-Unique PICC Identifier, Type B
R Slot number chosen by the PICC during the anticollision sequence, Type B
REQA REQuest command, Type A
REQB REQuest command, Type B
RFU Reserved for Future Use by ISO/IEC
S Start of communication, Type A
SAK Select AcKnowledge, Type A
SEL SELect code, Type A
SELECT SELECT command, Type A
SFGI Start-up Frame Guard time Integer
SFGT Start-up Frame Guard Time
SOF Start Of Frame, Type B
TR0 Guard Time as defined in ISO/IEC 14443-2, Type B
TR1 Synchronization Time as defined in ISO/IEC 14443-2, Type B
TR2 Frame delay Time PICC to PCD, Type B
UID Unique IDentifier, Type A
UID CLn Unique IDentifier of CLn, Type A
uidn Byte number n of Unique IDentifier, n ≥ 0
WUPA Wake-UP command, Type A
WUPB Wake-UP command, Type B
For the purposes of this document, the following notation applies:
⎯ (xxxxx)b Data bit representation;
⎯ 'XY' Hexadecimal notation, equal to XY to the base 16.
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ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011(E)
5 Alternating between Type A and Type B commands
5.1 Polling
In order to detect PICCs which are in the operating field, a PCD shall send repeated Request commands. The
PCD shall send REQA (or WUPA) and REQB (or WUPB) in any sequence using an equal or configurable duty
cycle when polling Type A and Type B. In addition the PCD may send other commands as described in
Annex C.
When a PICC is exposed to an unmodulated operating field (see ISO/IEC 14443-2) it shall be able to accept a
request within 5 ms.
EXAMPLE 1 When a PICC Type A receives any Type B command it shall be able to accept a REQA (or WUPA) within
5 ms of unmodulated operating field.
EXAMPLE 2 When a PICC Type B receives any Type A command it shall be able to accept a REQB (or WUPB) within
5 ms of unmodulated operating field.
EXAMPLE 3 When a PICC Type A is exposed to field activation it shall be able to accept a REQA (or WUPA) within
5 ms of unmodulated operating field.
EXAMPLE 4 When a PICC Type B is exposed to field activation it shall be able to accept a REQB (or WUPB) within
5 ms of unmodulated operating field.
NOTE In order to detect PICCs requiring 5 ms, PCDs should periodically present an unmodulated field of at least
5,1 ms duration (prior to both Type A and Type B Request commands), but may poll more rapidly because PICCs may
react faster.
5.2 Influence of Type A commands on PICC Type B operation
A PICC Type B shall either go to IDLE state (be able to accept a REQB) or be able to continue a transaction
in progress after receiving any Type A command.
5.3 Influence of Type B commands on PICC Type A operation
A PICC Type A shall either go to IDLE state (be able to accept a REQA) or be able to continue a transaction
in progress after receiving any Type B command.
5.4 Transition to POWER-OFF state
The PICC shall be in the POWER-OFF state no later than 5 ms after the operating field is switched off.
6 Type A – Initialization and anticollision
This section describes the initialization and anticollision sequence applicable for PICCs of Type A.
A PICC or PCD sending RFU bits shall set these bits to the value indicated herein or to (0)b if no value is
given. A PICC or PCD receiving RFU bits shall disregard the value of these bits and shall maintain and not
change its function, unless explicitly stated otherwise.
6.1 Bit rates
Communication between PCD and PICC can be achieved with four different bit rates.
Bit rates of fc / 64, fc / 32 and fc / 16 are optional and may be independently supported by PCD and PICC in
each communication direction, defined in Table 1.
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ISO/IEC 14443-3:2011(E)
Table 1 — Bit rates
Divisor D etu Bit rate
1 128 / fc (~ 9,4 µs) fc / 128 (~ 106 kbit/s)
2 (optional) 128 / (2 fc) (~ 4,7 µs) fc / 64 (~ 212 kbit/s)
4 (optional) 128 / (4 fc) (~ 2,4 µs) fc / 32 (~ 424 kbit/s)
8 (optional) 128 / (8 fc) (~ 1,2 µs) fc / 16 (~ 848 kbit/s)
NOTE The initial bit rate is fc / 128. This applies for the whole initialization and anticollision sequence.
6.2 Frame format and timing
This section defines the frame format and timing used during communication initialization and anticollision. For
bit representation and coding refer to ISO/IEC 14443-2.
Frames shall be transferred in pairs, PCD to PICC followed by PICC to PCD, using the sequence:
⎯ PCD frame:
⎯ PCD start of communication
⎯ information and, where required, error detection bits sent by the PCD
⎯ PCD end of communication
⎯ Frame delay time PCD to PICC
⎯ PICC frame:
⎯ PICC start of communication
⎯ information and, where required, error detection bits sent by the PICC
⎯ PICC end of communication
⎯ Frame delay time PICC to PCD
NOTE The frame delay time (FDT) from PCD to PICC overlaps the PCD end of communication.
6.2.1 Frame delay time
The frame delay time is defined as the time between two frames transmitted in opposite directions.
6.2.1.1 Frame delay time PCD to PICC
This is the time between the end of the last pause transmitted by the PCD and the first modulation edge within
the start bit transmitted by the PICC and shall respect the timing defined in Figure 1 and Tab
...
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