ISO/TR 5255-2:2023

Intelligent transport systems — Low-speed automated driving system (LSADS) service — Part 2: Gap analysis

This document: — examines and analyses the safety environment for low-speed automated driving services (LSADS); — describes the safety role supplement to the functional model described in ISO/TS 5255-1; — describes the supplemental safety points for LSADS; — describes role for the functional model of service applications for LSADS. This document can contribute to the development of future automated driving system service safety requirement use cases, other than the one described in ISO/TS 5255-1. This document is applicable to services using LSADS-equipped vehicles only. In-vehicle control system is not in scope of this document.

Systèmes de transport intelligents — Service de système d'intégration de la mobilité pour la conduite automatisée à basse vitesse (LSAD) — Partie 2: Architecture globale

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 09-Feb-2023
• ICS: 03.220.20 - Road transport
• ICS: 35.240.60 - IT applications in transport
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 204 - Intelligent transport systems
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 204/WG 19 - Mobility integration
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 10-Feb-2023
• Completion Date: 10-Feb-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 5255-2
First edition
Intelligent transport systems — Low-
speed automated driving system
(LSADS) service —
Part 2:
Gap analysis
Systèmes de transport intelligents — Service de système d'intégration
de la mobilité pour la conduite automatisée à basse vitesse (LSAD) —
Partie 2: Architecture globale
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO/TR 5255-2:2022(E)
© ISO/TR 2022

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ISO/TR 5255-2:2022(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

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ISO/TR 5255-2:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Safety support function of LSADS service . 2
4.1 General overview . 2
4.2 LSADS cyber security protection . 2
4.3 LSADS safety environment using AI. 2
4.4 Fail safe . . 2
4.5 Safety design standards . 2
4.6 Safety operational concept using AI . 3
4.7 AI education on safety function . 3
4.8 Education sharing among AIs . 3
5 Supplemental safety support function of LSAD system service .4
5.1 General . 4
5.2 Role of humans . 4
6 Connected vehicle environment . 4
6.1 Latency . 4
6.2 Network slicing . 5
Annex A (informative) Use cases where in-vehicle AI needs supplemental support for safety
LSADS service fleet operation .6
Bibliography . 9
iii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE

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ISO/TR 5255-2:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
A list of all parts in the ISO 5255 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

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ISO/TR 5255-2:2022(E)
Introduction
Standardization of service role and functional model is necessary for the introduction of low-speed
automated driving systems (LSADS) to support safe and efficient mobility used as a means of moving
people, goods and services in urban and rural areas.
ISO 22737 and ISO 7856 describe vehicle driving supports and do not cover the requirements of service
role and functional model covering infrastructure facilities. Many business use cases regarding low-
speed automated driving system (LSADS) services are currently emerging and many more variations
are coming to be deployed. Various role and functional model presentation methodologies are
currently in use and there is therefore a need for a common understandable role and functional model
presentation baseline standard.
ISO/TS 5255-1 defines a common LSAD system service role and functional model presentation
guidelines. Future emerging business cases can refer to ISO/TS 5255-1 as a baseline document which
does not hinder the development of future business cases, but instead assists them.
This document focuses on safety operation gap analysis and serves as a baseline document describing
which supplemental roles need be considered to take a safe operation lead in addition to the roles
described in ISO/TS 5255-1. The purpose of this document is to assist in the introduction of LSADS,
including infrastructure facilities to support mobility in urban and rural areas.
v
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE

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TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 5255-2:2022(E)
Intelligent transport systems — Low-speed automated
driving system (LSADS) service —
Part 2:
Gap analysis
1 Scope
This document:
— examines and analyses the safety environment for low-speed automated driving services (LSADS);
— describes the safety role supplement to the functional model described in ISO/TS 5255-1;
— describes the supplemental safety points for LSADS;
— describes role for the functional model of service applications for LSADS.
This document can contribute to the development of future automated driving system service safety
requirement use cases, other than the one described in ISO/TS 5255-1.
This document is applicable to services using LSADS-equipped vehicles only.
In-vehicle control system is not in scope of this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/TS 14812, Intelligent transport systems — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TS 14812 and the following
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
artificial intelligence
AI
capability to acquire, process, create and apply knowledge, held in the form of a model, to
conduct one or more given tasks
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC TR 24030:2021, 3.1]
1
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE

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ISO/TR 5255-2:2022(E)
4 Safety support function of LSADS service
4.1 General overview
The LSADS design safety is maintained through conformance to the requirements of related standards,
such as UL4600, ISO 26262 series and ISO 21448.
4.2 LSADS cyber security protection
As described in ISO/TS 5255-1, the security credential management system is a valuable tool for cyber
security issues. The LSADS vehicle needs to have such a system for safety operations. ISO/TS 21177
provides specifications for a set of ITS station security services required to ensure the authenticity of
the source and integrity of information exchanged between trusted entities, such as:
— devices operated as bounded secured managed entities, i.e. "ITS Station Communication Units"
(ITS-SCU) and "ITS station units" (ITS-SU) specified in ISO 21217; and
— ITS-SUs (composed of one or several ITS-SCUs) and external trusted entities such as sensor and
control networks.
These services include authentication and secure session establishment which are required to exchange
information in a trusted and secure manner.
These services are essential for many ITS applications and services, including time-critical safety
applications, automated driving, remote management of ITS stations (ISO 24102-2), and roadside/
infrastructure related services.
For the LSADS vehicle, the ISO/SAE 21434 specifies engineering requirements for cybersecurity risk
management reg
...

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ISO TC 204
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Gap analysis
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ISO/TR 5255-2:20222023(E)
© ISO 20222023
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All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part
Blue, 0.5 pt Line width)
of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or
Formatted: std_publisher, Font color: Blue
mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written
permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body
Formatted: Font color: Blue
in the country of the requester.
Formatted: Font color: Blue
Formatted: Font: 11 pt, Font color: Blue
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Formatted: Font: 11 pt, Font color: Blue, English (United
Kingdom)
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.orgwww.iso.org
Formatted: Font: 11 pt, Font color: Blue, English (United
Kingdom)
Published in Switzerland
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Formatted: Space After: 0 pt, Line spacing: single
ii © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
ii © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved

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ISO/TR 5255-2:20222023(E)
Contents

Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Safety support function of LSAD system service . 1
4.1 General overview . 1
4.2 LSADS cyber security protection . 2
4.3 LSADS safety environment using AI . 2
4.4 Fail safe . 2
4.5 Safety design standards . 2
4.6 Safety operational concept using AI . 3
4.7 AI education on safety function . 3
4.8 Education sharing among AIs . 3
5 Supplemental safety support function of LSAD system service . 4
5.1 General . 4
5.2 Role of humans . 4
6 Connected vehicle environment . 4
6.1 Latency . 4
6.2 Network slicing . 5
Annex A (informative) Use cases where in-vehicle AI needs supplemental support for
safety LSAD system service fleet operation . 6
A.1 Use case1 . 6
A.2 Use case2 . 6
A.3 Use case3 . 7
A.4 Use case4 . 7
A.5 Use case5 . 8
A.6 Use case6 . 8
Bibliography . 10
Foreword . v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
3 Terms and definitions . 1
Formatted: Space After: 0 pt, Line spacing: single
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved iii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved iii

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ISO/TR 5255-2:20222023(E)
4 Safety support function of LSADS service . 2
4.1 General overview . 2
4.2 LSADS cyber security protection . 2
4.3 LSADS safety environment using AI . 3
4.4 Fail safe . 3
4.5 Safety design standards . 3
4.6 Safety operational concept using AI . 3
4.7 AI education on safety function . 4
4.8 Education sharing among AIs . 5
5 Supplemental safety support function of LSAD system service . 5
5.1 General . 5
5.2 Role of humans . 6
6 Connected vehicle environment . 6
6.1 Latency . 6
6.2 Network slicing . 7
Annex A (informative) Use cases where in-vehicle AI needs supplemental support for
safety LSADS service fleet operation . 8
Bibliography .15

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iv © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
iv © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved

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ISO/TR 5255-2:20222023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World
Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
A list of all parts in the ISO 5255 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
Formatted: Space After: 0 pt, Line spacing: single
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved v
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved v

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/TR 5255-2:20222023(E)
Introduction
Standardization of service role and functional model is necessary for the introduction of low-speed
automated driving systems (LSADS) to support safe and efficient mobility used as a means of moving
people, goods, and services in urban and rural areas.
ISO 22737 and ISO 7856 describe vehicle driving supports and do not cover the requirements of service
role and functional model covering infrastructure facilities. Many business use cases regarding low-
speed automated driving system (LSADS) services are currently emerging and many more variations are
coming to be deployed. Various role and functional model presentation methodologies are usedcurrently
in use and there is therefore a need for a common understandable role and functional model presentation
baseline standard.
ISO/TRTS 5255-1 defines a common LSAD system service role and functional model presentation
guidelines. Future emerging business cases can refer this documentto ISO/TS 5255-1 as a baseline
document which does not hinder the development of future business cases, but instead assists them.
This document focuses on safety operation gap analysis and serves as a baseline document describing
whatwhich supplemental roles need be considered to take a safe operation lead in addition to the roles
described in ISO/TS 5255-1. The purpose of this document is to assist in the introduction of LSADS,
including infrastructure facilities to support mobility in urban and rural areas.


Formatted: Font: 11 pt
Formatted: Space After: 0 pt, Line spacing: single
vi © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
vi © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved

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TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 5255-2:2023(E)

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Intelligent transport systems -— Low-speed automated driving
adjust space between Latin and Asian text, Don't adjust
system (LSADS) service — Part 2: Gap analysis
space between Asian text and numbers
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text, Don't adjust space between Asian text and
1 Scope
numbers
This document: Formatted: List Continue 1, No bullets or numbering,
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⚫ — examines and analyses the safety environment for low-speed automated driving services
adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab
(LSADS).);
stops: 0.7 cm, Left + 1.4 cm, Left + 2.1 cm, Left + 2.8
cm, Left + 3.5 cm, Left + 4.2 cm, Left + 4.9 cm, Left +
⚫ — describes the safety role supplement to the functional model described in ISO/TS 5255-1.;
5.6 cm, Left + 6.3 cm, Left + 7 cm, Left
Formatted: std_publisher
⚫ — describes the supplemental safety points for LSADS;
Formatted: std_documentType
⚫ — describes role for the functional model of service applications for LSADS.
Formatted: std_docNumber
Formatted: std_docPartNumber
This document can contribute to the development of future automated driving system service safety
requirement use cases, other than the one described in ISO/TS 5255-1. Formatted
...
This document is applicable to services using LSADS-equipped vehicles only. Formatted: std_publisher
Formatted: std_documentType
In-vehicle control system is not in scope of this document.
Formatted: std_docNumber
.
Formatted: std_docPartNumber
Formatted
2 Normative references
...
Formatted: std_publisher
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
Formatted
...
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Formatted: std_documentType
Formatted: std_docNumber
ISO/TS 14812, Intelligent transport systems — Vocabulary
Formatted: std_docTitle, Font: Not Italic
Formatted
...
3 Terms and definitions
Formatted: std_publisher
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TS 14812 and the following
Formatted: std_documentType
apply.
Formatted: std_docNumber
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
Formatted: English (United Kingdom)
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
Formatted
...
Formatted: English (United Kingdom)
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
Formatted
...
3.1
Formatted: English (United Kingdom)
artificial intelligence
Formatted: Font: Cambria, English (United Kingdom)
AI
Formatted
...
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved 1

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ISO/TR 5255-2:2023(E)
Formatted: Space After: 36 pt, Line spacing: Exactly 12
pt
Formatted: Font: 12 pt
capability to acquire, process, create and apply knowledge, held in the form of a model, to
conduct one or more given tasks
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC TR 24030:2021, 3.1]
4 Safety support function of LSAD systemLSADS service
4.1 General overview
The LSADS design safety is maintained through conformance to the requirements of related standards,
such as UL4600, ISO 26262 series and ISO/PAS 21448.

4.2 LSADS cyber security protection
As described in ISO/TS 5255-1, the security credential management system is a valuable tool for cyber
security issues. The LSADS vehicle needs to have such a system for safety operations. ISO/TS 21177:2019
provides specifications for a set of ITS station security services required to ensure the authenticity of the
source and integrity of information exchanged between trusted entities, such as:
— devices operated as bounded secured managed entities, i.e. "ITS Station Communication Units" (ITS-
SCU) and "ITS station units" (ITS-SU) specified in ISO 21217; and

—— ITS-SUs (composed of one or several ITS-SCUs) and external trusted entities such as sensor and
control networks.

These services include authentication and secure session establishment which are required to exchange
information in a trusted and secure manner.

These services are essential for many ITS applications and services, including time-critical safety
applications, automated driving, remote management of ITS stations (ISO 24102-2), and
roadside/infrastructure related services.

For the LSADS vehicle, the ISO/SAE 21434 specifies engineering requirements for cybersecurity risk
management regarding the conce
...