ISO 8856:1995
(Main)Road vehicles — Electrical performance of starter motors — Test methods and general requirements
Road vehicles — Electrical performance of starter motors — Test methods and general requirements
Lays down test methods and general requirements for the determination of the electrical characteristics of d.c. starter motors intended to start internal combustion engines of road vehicles.
Véhicules routiers — Caractéristiques électriques des démarreurs — Méthodes d'essai et conditions générales
La présente Norme internationale prescrit les méthodes d'essai et les conditions générales pour la détermination des caractéristiques électriques des démarreurs à courant continu utilisés pour le démarrage des moteurs à combustion interne des véhicules routiers.
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Standards Content (Sample)
IS0
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD 8856
Second edition
1995-l l-l 5
Road vehicles - Electrical performance of
- Test methods and
starter motors
general requirements
Vkhicules routiers - Caract&istiques glectriques des dgmarreurs -
R/J& thodes d ‘essai et conditions g&Wales
Reference number
IS0 8856:1995(E)
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IS0 8856: 1995(E)
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard IS0 8856 was prepared by Technical Committee
lSO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 3, Electrica/ and electronic
equipment.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition
(IS0 8856:1988), o f w h ic h i t constitutes a technical revision.
Annex A forms an integral part of this International Standard.
0 IS0 1995
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-121 1 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
ii
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 0 ISO
IS0 8856: 1995(E)
Road vehicles - Electrical performance of starter
- Test methods and general requirements
motors
3.1.1 Test method A
1 Scope
Ensure that all parts of the starter motor are at the
This International Standard lays down test methods
temperature of (23 + 5) “C, or to avoid a need for
and general requirements for the determination of the -
temperature correction, the starter motor may be
electrical characteristics of d.c. starter motors in-
preconditioned at (20 + 2) “C.
tended to start internal combustion engines of road
vehicles.
The time for each discrete point measurement shall
be 3 s.
2 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the
3.1.2 Test method B
following definitions apply.
Ensure that all parts of the starter motor are at the
2.1 nominal power, Pnom: Power declared by the
temperature of (23 + 5) “C, or to avoid a need for
-
starter motor manufacturer corresponding to the
temperature correction, the starter motor may be
maximum power output at the reference temperature
preconditioned at (20 + 2) “C.
of 20 “C when determined in accordance with this
International Standard.
The total test time shall be 10 s.
2.2 power output, P: Power derived from
measurements of torque and rotational frequency of
the starter motor pinion shaft.
3.1.3 Test method C
2.3 power supply: Battery or simulator which de-
The starter motor shall be preconditioned at a tem-
livers a voltage/current characteristic as defined in this
perature of (- 20 + 2) “C. If required, other tempera-
-
International Standard.
tures may be used as agreed between starter motor
manufacturer and the engine manufacturer.
2.4 internal resistance of starter motor: Value of
the terminal voltage divided by the starter motor cur-
The total test time shall be 10 s.
rent (steady state solenoid current included) with the
armature shaft locked (no rotation).
3 Test conditions
3.2 Measurement accuracy
The overall capability of the test equipment shall en-
3.1 Temperature and time
able the parameters to be measured within the accu-
racy shown in table 1.
This requirement shall be
Tests shall be carried out at an ambient temperature
respected throughout the test procedure.
of (23 &- 5) “C unless otherwise specified.
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IS0 8856:1995(E)
Table 1 - Measurement accuracy
Accuracy
Parameter
%
Current
IhI
Voltage
+I
Rotational frequency
+2
Torque
+2
3.3 Voltage/current characteristic of starter
motor power supply
The voltage/current characteristic of the power supply
is a straight line pointing downwards (see figure 1). It
is determined at + 20 “C or - 20 “C either by two
pairs of values [(U,, I,) and (L$, I*) or (U’,, I,) and
(LIZ, I’,)], or by one pair of values [(U, I)] and the
internal resistance of the starter motor power supply.
Figure 1 - Voltage/current characteristic of
The voltage/current characteristic shall be selected
starter motor power supply
from table2 without exceeding the values stated by
the starter motor manufacturer, and the battery dis-
charge capability as agreed between the starter motor
manufacturer and the vehicle manufacturer.
4 Test benches
The voltage/current characteristic for a starter motor
The following two types of test bench may be used.
may also be selected in relation to the nominal power
(see table A. I).
NOTE 1 Geared and non-geared test benches produce
different apparent power and this should be taken into
If required, other voltage/current characteristics may
consideration, particularly when testing small power starter
be used as agreed between the starter motor manu-
motors.
facturer and the engine manufacturer.
4.1 Type 1 test bench
The voltage values shall be taken at the starter motor
terminals.
The test bench in figure2 (type I) allows performance
measurements to be taken by engaging the pinion
3.4 Preparation of test samples
with a ring-gear. The backlash between the pinion and
the ring-gear teeth shall be in accordance with the
In order to ensure uniform functioning, the new
starter motor manufacturer’s recommendations.
starter motor to be tested shall be preconditioned as
follows:
4.2 Type 2 test bench
a) 15 s running at a torque equal to 25 % of the lock
The test bench in figure3 (type 2) permits direct
torque value;
starter motor measurement at the armature shaft. The
starter motor shall be coupled to the test device
b) 60 s rest;
coaxially through a suitable coupling. The drive end
bracket of outboard bearing starter motors may be
c) 15 s running at a torque equal to 25 % of the lock
replaced by a special bearing bracket to permit coup-
torque value.
ling to the starter motor shaft.
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IS0 8856:1995(E)
0 IS0
Table 2 - Voltage/current characteristic of starter motor power supply for starter motor testing
Voltage/current characteristic at
Voltage/current characteristic at
I
Nominal
-20 "C
I
Voltage/current
I
voltage
characteristic No.
4 U2 I'2
4
4
A
A V
V A
V
360
I
480
I
0 6
6 I+/ II,5
12
8
12
24 24
14
15
16
I
Starter motor
Starter
Starter motor termina
(Alternative) /
\ !
Torque measurement
iv
L Rotational frequency
measurement
- Type 1 test bench
Figure 2
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IS0 8856: 1995(E)
0
Coupling
Starter motor
7 r /b
Starter
motor power
SUPPLY
\ Rotationalfrequ ency
measurement
Figure 3 - Type 2 test bench
5.2.2 Method B
- Continuous mode method
5 Test methods
Operate the starter motor in a continuous mode, in-
Test method A or B shall be used and if required by
crease the torque load (until the starter motor stalls,
the user, also method C.
if required) while torque, current, voltage and rota-
tional frequency are automatically recorded.
5. I General
5.2.3 Method C - Continuous mode method at
The test reference temperature is + 20 “C.
-20°C
If it is important to know the starter motor perform-
Take the starter motor from the cooling device and
ance at a temperature of - 20 “C, this can be meas-
test it according to 5.2.2. The test shall be completed
ured according to 5.2.3 or calculated by using the
within 3 min after the starter motor has been re-
values measured in accordance with 5.2.1 or 5.2.2
moved from the cooling device.
and the calculation methods described in clause 6.
If required, temperatures different from - 20 “C may
be considered as agreed between the starter motor
6 Measurement correction
manufacturer and the vehicle manufacturer.
The measured values of torque and rotational fre-
quency shall be corrected taking into account the in-
5.2 Test procedures
fluence of test bench, inertia and temperature.
- Discrete point method The calculations described below are applicable f
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