ISO/IEC 24735:2021
(Main)Information technology — Office equipment — Method for measuring digital copying productivity
Information technology — Office equipment — Method for measuring digital copying productivity
This document specifies a method for measuring the digital copying productivity of digital copying devices and multifunctional devices with various copying modes. It is applicable to digital copying devices and multifunctional devices equipped with automatic document feeder (ADF) and collating function. This document is intended to be used for black and white (B&W) as well as colour digital copying devices and multifunctional devices of any underlying marking technology. It allows comparison of the throughput copying rates for a machine operated in various available operating modes (simplex, duplex, size of substrates, 2-up, etc.) and various available digital image processing configurations. This document includes test files, test setup procedures, test procedures, and reporting requirements for digital copying productivity measurements. This document is not intended to be used for devices which are not able to copy on a media size of A4/8,5” × 11”, devices that do not have an ADF, or devices which are not able to collate multiple copies of original prints from a test set. This document is not intended to replace manufacturer's rated speeds.
Technologies de l'information — Équipements de bureau — Méthode de mesure de la productivité d'un photocopieur numérique
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 24735
Third edition
2021-04
Information technology — Office
equipment — Method for measuring
digital copying productivity
Technologies de l'information — Équipements de bureau — Méthode
de mesure de la productivité d'un photocopieur numérique
Reference number
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2021
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/IEC 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Test parameters and conditions . 3
4.1 Copying device setup . 3
4.2 Copying device condition . 4
4.3 Sample size . 4
4.4 Paper . 4
4.5 Maintenance . 5
4.6 Preparation of test targets (test charts) . 5
4.7 Environment . 5
4.8 Voltage . 6
5 Test method . 6
5.1 Overview . 6
5.2 Test measurement procedure . 6
5.2.1 Test setup . 6
5.2.2 “1 set” test from ready. 7
5.2.3 “1 set + 30 seconds” test from ready . 8
5.2.4 “1 set + 4 minutes” test from ready . 8
5.3 Test method process . 9
5.3.1 Suggested flow chart . 9
5.3.2 ±5 % consistency criteria .10
5.3.3 Estimating the set count .11
5.4 General performance test .12
5.4.1 Overview .12
5.4.2 Measurement of FSOT and ESAT .12
5.4.3 Measurement of EFTP .12
5.5 Feature performance test .13
5.5.1 Overview .13
5.5.2 Features setting conditions .13
5.5.3 Measurement of FSOT and ESAT .15
6 Calculations and treatment of data .15
6.1 Overview .15
6.2 General performance test .16
6.2.1 “1 set” test from ready.16
6.2.2 “1 set + 30 seconds” test from ready .16
6.2.3 “1 set + 4 minutes” test from ready .17
6.3 Feature performance test .18
6.3.1 “1 set” test from ready.18
6.3.2 “1 set + 30 seconds” test from ready .19
7 Presentation of results .19
7.1 Sharing testing and reports .19
7.2 General performance test .20
7.2.1 Overview .20
7.2.2 Minimum declaration .20
7.2.3 Summary report .20
7.2.4 Full report .21
7.3 Feature performance test .22
7.3.1 Overview .22
7.3.2 Summary report .23
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
7.3.3 Full report .23
Annex A (informative) Report presentation .24
Annex B (normative) Full detailed report example .29
Annex C (normative) Test targets for measurement of copying productivity .34
Annex D (normative) Procedure to establish ready delay time .36
Annex E (informative) Definitions of “FCOT” and “continuous copying speed” .39
Bibliography .40
iv © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that
are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through
technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of
technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other
international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also
take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives or www .iec .ch/ members
_experts/ refdocs).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents) or the IEC
list of patent declarations received (see patents.iec.ch).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html. In the IEC, see www .iec .ch/ understanding -standards.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 28, Office equipment.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO/IEC 24735:2012), which has been
technically revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Clause 3 has been modified to add new definitions and removed definitions of terms not used in
the text;
— added “ready delay time” requirement to “test measurement” procedures;
— annex structure has been changed to be consistent with other productivity standards;
— added minimum declaration example to Annex A;
— added Annex D for the procedure to determine the “ready delay time”.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html and www .iec .ch/ national
-committees.
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
Introduction
Many digital copying devices produce copied pages at a different rate than their nominal speed when
running with different modes (simplex, duplex, copying quality modes), different substrate grammage
and collating and/or finishing options. The degree to which a reduction in productivity is experienced
depends significantly on other parameters of the job stream. The most dominant of the parameters of
the job stream are: the number of original pages in a set to be printed, whether output pages are single-
sided or double-sided, image quality modes selected, B&W and colour reproduction job stream, number
of print sets to be produced, substrate size used, run length and finishing options.
This document provides a general method for measuring productivity when the above-mentioned job
stream parameters for digital copying devices are taken into consideration. This document also includes
instructions for the creation of test charts. It allows manufacturers and buyers of digital copying
devices to describe the productivity of various digital copying devices with respect to representative
office usage.
vi © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
Information technology — Office equipment — Method for
measuring digital copying productivity
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for measuring the digital copying productivity of digital copying
devices and multifunctional devices with various copying modes. It is applicable to digital copying
devices and multifunctional devices equipped with automatic document feeder (ADF) and collating
function. This document is intended to be used for black and white (B&W) as well as colour digital
copying devices and multifunctional devices of any underlying marking technology. It allows comparison
of the throughput copying rates for a machine operated in various available operating modes (simplex,
duplex, size of substrates, 2-up, etc.) and various available digital image processing configurations. This
document includes test files, test setup procedures, test procedures, and reporting requirements for
digital copying productivity measurements.
This document is not intended to be used for devices which are not able to copy on a media size of
A4/8,5” × 11”, devices that do not have an ADF, or devices which are not able to collate multiple copies
of original prints from a test set.
This document is not intended to replace manufacturer's rated speeds.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 536, Paper and board — Determination of grammage
ISO 2470-1, Paper, board and pulps — Measurement of diffuse blue reflectance factor — Part 1: Indoor
daylight conditions (ISO brightness)
ISO/IEC 24734, Information technology -- Office equipment--Method for measuring digital printing
productivity
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 24734 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
cpm
copies per minute
copying rate, excluding time to first page copied, measured when producing pages in a continuous
copying mode for one minute with a single static document using a nominal grammage substrate
Note 1 to entry: Nominal copying speed is expressed in copies per minute or images per minute (ipm) (3.5).
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
3.2
duplex
duplex copying
two-sided copying
1:2 mode
2:2 mode
use of a copying device to make a number of copies with the copying being done on both sides
of the sheet
Note 1 to entry: 1:2 mode refers to simplex originals that are copied to 2-sided output.
Note 2 to entry: 2:2 mode refers to two sided originals that are copied to 2-sided output.
3.3
feature performance test
optional test used to evaluate productivity changes with various copying and finishing
features enabled
Note 1 to entry: The feature performance test suite is run with default copying system settings to establish a
base line, and then with the selected feature (e.g. stapling) ON, for comparison.
3.4
full report
presentation of results including the first set out time (FSOT), estimated saturated throughput
(ESAT) and effective throughput (EFTP) values in general performance tests (3.6) or the FSOT and ESAT
values in feature performance tests (3.3) as well as the calculated averages for each value
3.5
ipm
images per minute
copy rate, excluding time to first page copied, as measured when producing pages in a continuous copy
mode for one minute with a single static document using a nominal grammage substrate
Note 1 to entry: Nominal copying speed is expressed in copies per minute (cpm) (3.1) or images per minute.
3.6
general performance test
test used to evaluate productivity of default features
3.7
simplex copying
one-sided copying
simplex to simplex
1:1 mode
use of a copying device when only a single side of a sheet is copied on
3.8
summary report
presentation of results, including the average overall first set out time (FSOT) and estimated saturated
throughput (ESAT) in general performance tests (3.6) or the ratio of the copying performance such as
FSOT and ESAT with the subject feature ON versus the copying device default base line performance
(without the subject feature ON) in feature performance tests (3.3)
3.9
test file
digital file used for creating test targets (3.12)
2 © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
3.10
test run
operation of copying all pages of targets from a test file (3.9), in a particular system configuration, with
a particular set and page count
Note 1 to entry: Copy times are recorded for each test run.
3.11
test set
all of the pages of targets from a test target (3.12)
3.12
test target
test chart
hard copy document used for testing per the test method, and created from a test file (3.9)
4 Test parameters and conditions
4.1 Copying device setup
Place the copying device on a horizontal surface and set up the copying device according to the
manufacturer's recommendations.
The copying device shall be fully enclosed in its normal exterior cover. All image and copying
modes should be at their factory preset configuration for the copying device. It is assumed that the
settings listed in Table 1 are common to all copying devices. These listed settings shall be set to the
manufacturer's default or preset condition for the device. If a device has settings not listed in Table 1,
they too shall be set to default settings. For copying devices that have additional print quality and
digital image processing features, those features shall be set to match their normal default condition
and included in the result reporting.
Multiple copy output shall be collated. If collated output is not included in the default settings, follow
the manufacturer’s recommendation for obtaining collated output. In the case that collation settings do
affect performance, the faster of the results should be reported. As with other settings, the test report
shall disclose the manner in which collation was achieved.
Single and multiple copy output will be ordered according to “default settings”. It is assumed that
“default settings” will yield original order output for a dual output order device that supports both
original order and reverse order output. If the default settings on a dual output order device yields
reverse order output, then testing using original order output is required for the 1 set + 30 seconds test
and the 1 set + 4 minutes test runs, optional for 1 set test.
If not the default and if supported, optional original order output on 1 set test may be done by following
the manufacturer’s instructions on how to change the copying device for the result of producing original
order output. If other settings change automatically as a result of changing to original order output this
shall be noted on the test report.
Disabling manufacturer default installed features, routines or applications, is not allowed.
EXAMPLE 1 Examples of routines that may not be disabled include, but are not limited to the following:
— automatic cleaning;
— calibration cycles;
— energy save settings.
If the system has automatic media detect (automatic paper type selection), it can be disabled, and paper
used in the test shall be selected manually. This shall be noted in the full detailed report (see Annex B).
The following preset values in the test will be noted on this report format. Additional optional tests
with non-default settings or configurations may be run.
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
If the copying device is setup with internal or external options such as memory, sorter, or finisher as
default, then these options shall be noted on the full detailed report format in the configuration options
as shown in Annex B.
EXAMPLE 2 Examples of configuration options to be noted in the full detailed report:
— finisher as default;
— 160GB HDD installed.
Table 1 — Preset settings
Preset item Preset value
Output resolution Default
Output quality Default
Copying mode Default
Mode
Auto density adjustment Default
Activated (tests with copy set count >= 2)
Collating function
Default (tests with copy set count = 1)
Paper sending direction Default
Paper
Paper type setting Default
Paper feeding Standard cassette
Paper exit Standard exit tray
Paper-path
Face up exit Default
Duplex copying unit Default (used in 1:2 mode and 2:2 mode).
Fixing capability Default
Image quality stability Default
Temporary stop
Capacity of paper Default
Others Default
4.2 Copying device condition
All supplies used in the test(s), including paper and printing device consumables, shall be only those
specified as acceptable for use by the manufacturer (or otherwise noted). If available, the number
of pages printed on the engine and printed on the consumables prior to the start of the test shall be
recorded and reported. The machine and all of its necessary supplies shall be acclimated in the test
environment prior to conducting the test(s) at least 8 h.
4.3 Sample size
Each target shall be tested and measured at least twice for repeatability. All required tests shall be run
using one device.
4.4 Paper
The output paper used in this test shall be within the range of, and/or not violate, specific written
attribute guidelines and recommendations provided by the copying device manufacturer, which may
include but are not limited to: size, grammage, composition, paper manufacturer(s), paper type, part
number and other physical characteristics. Care shall be taken to use a paper that conforms to the
copying device manufacturers' paper specifications for the default copying device settings. The paper
used for the general performance test (5.4) shall be cut sheet, A4 and/or 8,5” × 11” (215,9 mm x 279,4 mm)
size. Optional paper sizes may be used in the feature performance tests such as 8,5” × 14”, A3, and/
or 11” × 17” (279,4 mm × 431,8 mm) size as appropriate for the test mode. The paper manufacturer,
grammage, size and paper type/name used in each test shall be noted on the full detailed report.
4 © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
When sheets of paper of the size other than A4/A3 are used, the sizes shall be indicated in the places
of A4 and A3 in the measurement results tables. When a comparison needs to be made between the
productivity of one machine with that of other machines, the measurement shall be done with the same
paper sizes. If the copying device employs “thick paper mode” for copying, then this optional mode shall
be noted in the machine setup information of the full detailed report specified in Annex B.
4.5 Maintenance
Copying device maintenance shall be performed throughout testing per the manufacturer's
recommendations on an as needed basis.
EXAMPLE Device maintenance examples:
— cleaning routines;
— consumables replacement.
4.6 Preparation of test targets (test charts)
The copying test file is outlined in Annex C.
The test file consists of four single sided pages. When using the test file for the copying productivity test,
the test targets shall be created by printing the most recent electronic test file. If the intended machine
does not have a printer function, then record the name of printer which is used to print out the actual
test targets. The test targets shall be reordered to match the original electronic test file page order.
For preparation method for double sided targets, follow the outline in Annex C.
The quality of test targets may affect the productivity measurement. Test targets should be created
according to the following instructions.
a) The test targets shall be printed by the equipment to be tested itself in its default-printing mode.
b) The paper used for creating the test targets shall have a brightness of at least 80 % to eliminate the
influence of background.
2
c) The paper used for creating the test targets shall be 64 g/m or above and sufficiently opaque to
prevent copying of images on the backside.
d) The paper used for creating the test targets shall be free of wrinkles or other surface defects.
e) Confirm that there are no defects such as unexpected dots or contamination on the paper.
f) Page scaling shall not be used. Typically, this is done by setting page scaling to “none”. Options such
as “Fit to printable area” shall not be used.
The brightness shall be measured according to ISO 2470-1. The paper grammage shall be measured
according to ISO 536.
4.7 Environment
The test environment, including temperature and humidity, shall be within the ranges r
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 24735
Third edition
Information technology — Office
equipment — Method for measuring
digital copying productivity
Technologies de l'information — Équipements de bureau — Méthode
de mesure de la productivité d'un photocopieur numérique
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2021
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/IEC 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Test parameters and conditions . 3
4.1 Copying device setup . 3
4.2 Copying device condition . 4
4.3 Sample size . 4
4.4 Paper . 4
4.5 Maintenance . 5
4.6 Preparation of test targets (test charts) . 5
4.7 Environment . 5
4.8 Voltage . 6
5 Test method . 6
5.1 Overview . 6
5.2 Test measurement procedure . 6
5.2.1 Test setup . 6
5.2.2 “1 set” test from ready. 7
5.2.3 “1 set + 30 seconds” test from ready . 8
5.2.4 “1 set + 4 minutes” test from ready . 8
5.3 Test method process . 9
5.3.1 Suggested flow chart . 9
5.3.2 ±5 % consistency criteria .10
5.3.3 Estimating the set count .11
5.4 General performance test .12
5.4.1 Overview .12
5.4.2 Measurement of FSOT and ESAT .12
5.4.3 Measurement of EFTP .12
5.5 Feature performance test .13
5.5.1 Overview .13
5.5.2 Features setting conditions .13
5.5.3 Measurement of FSOT and ESAT .15
6 Calculations and treatment of data .15
6.1 Overview .15
6.2 General performance test .16
6.2.1 “1 set” test from ready.16
6.2.2 “1 set + 30 seconds” test from ready .16
6.2.3 “1 set + 4 minutes” test from ready .17
6.3 Feature performance test .18
6.3.1 “1 set” test from ready.18
6.3.2 “1 set + 30 seconds” test from ready .19
7 Presentation of results .19
7.1 Sharing testing and reports .19
7.2 General performance test .20
7.2.1 Overview .20
7.2.2 Minimum declaration .20
7.2.3 Summary report .20
7.2.4 Full report .21
7.3 Feature performance test .22
7.3.1 Overview .22
7.3.2 Summary report .23
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
7.3.3 Full report .23
Annex A (informative) Report presentation .24
Annex B (normative) Full detailed report example .28
Annex C (normative) Test targets for measurement of copying productivity .33
Annex D (normative) Procedure to establish ready delay time .35
Annex E (informative) Definitions of “FCOT” and “continuous copying speed” .38
Bibliography .39
iv PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that
are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through
technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of
technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other
international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also
take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives or www .iec .ch/ members
_experts/ refdocs).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents) or the IEC
list of patent declarations received (see patents.iec.ch).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html. In the IEC, see www .iec .ch/ understanding -standards.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 28, Office equipment.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 24735:2012), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Clause 3 has been modified to add new definitions and removed definitions of terms not used in
the text;
— added “ready delay time” requirement to “test measurement” procedures;
— annex structure has been changed to be consistent with other productivity standards;
— added minimum declaration example to Annex A;
— added Annex D for the procedure to determine the “ready delay time”.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html and www .iec .ch/ national
-committees.
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
Introduction
Many digital copying devices produce copied pages at a different rate than their nominal speed when
running with different modes (simplex, duplex, copying quality modes), different substrate grammage
and collating and/or finishing options. The degree to which a reduction in productivity is experienced
depends significantly on other parameters of the job stream. The most dominant of the parameters of
the job stream are: the number of original pages in a set to be printed, whether output pages are single-
sided or double-sided, image quality modes selected, B&W and colour reproduction job stream, number
of print sets to be produced, substrate size used, run length and finishing options.
This document provides a general method for measuring productivity when the above-mentioned job
stream parameters for digital copying devices are taken into consideration. This document also includes
instructions for the creation of test charts. It allows manufacturers and buyers of digital copying
devices to describe the productivity of various digital copying devices with respect to representative
office usage.
vi PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
Information technology — Office equipment — Method for
measuring digital copying productivity
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for measuring the digital copying productivity of digital copying
devices and multifunctional devices with various copying modes. It is applicable to digital copying
devices and multifunctional devices equipped with automatic document feeder (ADF) and collating
function. This document is intended to be used for black and white (B&W) as well as colour digital
copying devices and multifunctional devices of any underlying marking technology. It allows comparison
of the throughput copying rates for a machine operated in various available operating modes (simplex,
duplex, size of substrates, 2-up, etc.) and various available digital image processing configurations. This
document includes test files, test setup procedures, test procedures, and reporting requirements for
digital copying productivity measurements.
This document is not intended to be used for devices which are not able to copy on a media size of
A4/8,5” × 11”, devices that do not have an ADF, or devices which are not able to collate multiple copies
of original prints from a test set.
This document is not intended to replace manufacturer's rated speeds.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 536, Paper and board — Determination of grammage
ISO 2470-1, Paper, board and pulps — Measurement of diffuse blue reflectance factor — Part 1: Indoor
daylight conditions (ISO brightness)
ISO/IEC 24734, Information technology -- Office equipment--Method for measuring digital printing
productivity
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 24734 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
cpm
copies per minute
copying rate, excluding time to first page copied, measured when producing pages in a continuous
copying mode for one minute with a single static document using a nominal grammage substrate
Note 1 to entry: Nominal copying speed is expressed in copies per minute or images per minute (ipm) (3.5).
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE 1
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
3.2
duplex
duplex copying
two-sided copying
1:2 mode
2:2 mode
use of a copying device to make a number of copies with the copying being done on both sides
of the sheet
Note 1 to entry: 1:2 mode refers to simplex originals that are copied to 2-sided output.
Note 2 to entry: 2:2 mode refers to two sided originals that are copied to 2-sided output.
3.3
feature performance test
optional test used to evaluate productivity changes with various copying and finishing
features enabled
Note 1 to entry: The feature performance test suite is run with default copying system settings to establish a
base line, and then with the selected feature (e.g. stapling) ON, for comparison.
3.4
full report
presentation of results including the first set out time (FSOT), estimated saturated throughput
(ESAT) and effective throughput (EFTP) values in general performance tests (3.6) or the FSOT and ESAT
values in feature performance tests (3.3) as well as the calculated averages for each value
3.5
ipm
images per minute
copy rate, excluding time to first page copied, as measured when producing pages in a continuous copy
mode for one minute with a single static document using a nominal grammage substrate
Note 1 to entry: Nominal copying speed is expressed in copies per minute (cpm) (3.1) or images per minute.
3.6
general performance test
test used to evaluate productivity of default features
3.7
simplex copying
one-sided copying
simplex to simplex
1:1 mode
use of a copying device when only a single side of a sheet is copied on
3.8
summary report
presentation of results, including the average overall first set out time (FSOT) and estimated saturated
throughput (ESAT) in general performance tests (3.6) or the ratio of the copying performance such as
FSOT and ESAT with the subject feature ON versus the copying device default base line performance
(without the subject feature ON) in feature performance tests (3.3)
3.9
test file
digital file used for creating test targets (3.12)
2 PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
3.10
test run
operation of copying all pages of targets from a test file (3.9), in a particular system configuration, with
a particular set and page count
Note 1 to entry: Copy times are recorded for each test run.
3.11
test set
all of the pages of targets from a test target (3.12)
3.12
test target
test chart
hard copy document used for testing per the test method, and created from a test file (3.9)
4 Test parameters and conditions
4.1 Copying device setup
Place the copying device on a horizontal surface and set up the copying device according to the
manufacturer's recommendations.
The copying device shall be fully enclosed in its normal exterior cover. All image and copying
modes should be at their factory preset configuration for the copying device. It is assumed that the
settings listed in Table 1 are common to all copying devices. These listed settings shall be set to the
manufacturer's default or preset condition for the device. If a device has settings not listed in Table 1,
they too shall be set to default settings. For copying devices that have additional print quality and
digital image processing features, those features shall be set to match their normal default condition
and included in the result reporting.
Multiple copy output shall be collated. If collated output is not included in the default settings, follow
the manufacturer’s recommendation for obtaining collated output. In the case that collation settings do
affect performance, the faster of the results should be reported. As with other settings, the test report
shall disclose the manner in which collation was achieved.
Single and multiple copy output will be ordered according to “default settings”. It is assumed that
“default settings” will yield original order output for a dual output order device that supports both
original order and reverse order output. If the default settings on a dual output order device yields
reverse order output, then testing using original order output is required for the 1 set + 30 seconds test
and the 1 set + 4 minutes test runs, optional for 1 set test.
If not the default and if supported, optional original order output on 1 set test may be done by following
the manufacturer’s instructions on how to change the copying device for the result of producing original
order output. If other settings change automatically as a result of changing to original order output this
shall be noted on the test report.
Disabling manufacturer default installed features, routines or applications, is not allowed.
EXAMPLE 1 Examples of routines that may not be disabled include, but are not limited to the following:
— automatic cleaning;
— calibration cycles;
— energy save settings.
If the system has automatic media detect (automatic paper type selection), it can be disabled, and paper
used in the test shall be selected manually. This shall be noted in the full detailed report (see Annex B).
The following preset values in the test will be noted on this report format. Additional optional tests
with non-default settings or configurations may be run.
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE 3
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
If the copying device is setup with internal or external options such as memory, sorter, or finisher as
default, then these options shall be noted on the full detailed report format in the configuration options
as shown in Annex B.
EXAMPLE 2 Examples of configuration options to be noted in the full detailed report:
— finisher as default;
— 160GB HDD installed.
Table 1 — Preset settings
Preset item Preset value
Output resolution Default
Output quality Default
Copying mode Default
Mode
Auto density adjustment Default
Activated (tests with copy set count >= 2)
Collating function
Default (tests with copy set count = 1)
Paper sending direction Default
Paper
Paper type setting Default
Paper feeding Standard cassette
Paper exit Standard exit tray
Paper-path
Face up exit Default
Duplex copying unit Default (used in 1:2 mode and 2:2 mode).
Fixing capability Default
Image quality stability Default
Temporary stop
Capacity of paper Default
Others Default
4.2 Copying device condition
All supplies used in the test(s), including paper and printing device consumables, shall be only those
specified as acceptable for use by the manufacturer (or otherwise noted). If available, the number
of pages printed on the engine and printed on the consumables prior to the start of the test shall be
recorded and reported. The machine and all of its necessary supplies shall be acclimated in the test
environment prior to conducting the test(s) at least 8 h.
4.3 Sample size
Each target shall be tested and measured at least twice for repeatability. All required tests shall be run
using one device.
4.4 Paper
The output paper used in this test shall be within the range of, and/or not violate, specific written
attribute guidelines and recommendations provided by the copying device manufacturer, which may
include but are not limited to: size, grammage, composition, paper manufacturer(s), paper type, part
number and other physical characteristics. Care shall be taken to use a paper that conforms to the
copying device manufacturers' paper specifications for the default copying device settings. The paper
used for the general performance test (5.4) shall be cut sheet, A4 and/or 8,5” × 11” (215,9 mm x 279,4 mm)
size. Optional paper sizes may be used in the feature performance tests such as 8,5” × 14”, A3, and/
or 11” × 17” (279,4 mm × 431,8 mm) size as appropriate for the test mode. The paper manufacturer,
grammage, size and paper type/name used in each test shall be noted on the full detailed report.
4 PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2021(E)
When sheets of paper of the size other than A4/A3 are used, the sizes shall be indicated in the places
of A4 and A3 in the measurement results tables. When a comparison needs to be made between the
productivity of one machine with that of other machines, the measurement shall be done with the same
paper sizes. If the copying device employs “thick paper mode” for copying, then this optional mode shall
be noted in the machine setup information of the full detailed report specified in Annex B.
4.5 Maintenance
Copying device maintenance shall be performed throughout testing per the manufacturer's
recommendations on an as needed basis.
EXAMPLE Device maintenance examples:
— cleaning routines;
— consumables replacement.
4.6 Preparation of test targets (test charts)
The copying test file is outlined in Annex C.
The test file consists of four single sided pages. When using the test file for the copying productivity test,
the test targets shall be created by printing the most recent electronic test file. If the intended machine
does not have a printer function, then record the name of printer which is used to print out the actual
test targets. The test targets shall be reordered to match the original electronic test file page order.
For preparation method for double sided targets, follow the outline in Annex C.
The quality of test targets may affect the productivity measurement. Test targets should be created
according to the following instructions.
a) The test targets shall be printed by the equipment to be tested itself in its default-printing mode.
b) The paper used for creating the test targets shall have a brightness of at least 80 % to eliminate the
influence of background.
2
c) The paper used for creating the test targets shall be 64 g/m or above and sufficiently opaque to
prevent copying of images on the backside.
d) The paper used for creating the test targets shall be free of wrinkles or other surface defects.
e) Confirm that there are no defects such as unexpected dots or contamination on the paper.
f) Page scaling shall not be used. Typically, this is done by setting page scaling to “none”. Options such
as “Fit to printable area” shall not be used.
The brightness shall be measured according to ISO 2470-1. The paper grammage shall be measured
accor
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.