ISO 21851:2020
(Main)Marine technology — Ocean observation systems — Design criteria of ocean hydro-meteorological observation systems reuse and interaction
Marine technology — Ocean observation systems — Design criteria of ocean hydro-meteorological observation systems reuse and interaction
This document specifies the overall framework of ocean hydro-meteorological observation systems, including the system function composition, the data structure type and data transmission format and protocol, as well as the input and output interface. These systems support automatic measurement of e.g. buoy, submersible and shore station instruments, with output interfaces, and provide observations on e.g. water temperature, salinity, depth, current, ocean wave, temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, visibility and precipitation. They have the ability to receive, store, display, process, and analyze data. This document is intended for both developers of ocean observation systems and ocean observers.
Technologie maritime — Systèmes d'observation des océans — Critères de conception de la réutilisation et de l'interaction des systèmes d'observation hydrométéorologique des océans
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 21851
First edition
2020-08
Marine technology — Ocean
observation systems — Design criteria
of ocean hydro-meteorological
observation systems reuse and
interaction
Technologie maritime — Systèmes d'observation des océans —
Critères de conception de la réutilisation et de l'interaction des
systèmes d'observation hydrométéorologique des océans
Reference number
ISO 21851:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
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ISO 21851:2020(E)
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© ISO 2020
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ISO 21851:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions, and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 2
4 System architecture, workflow and types of interfaces . 2
4.1 Architecture . 2
4.1.1 General. 2
4.1.2 Function module . 4
4.1.3 Standardized interface . 4
4.1.4 Registration centre . . 4
4.2 Workflow . 6
4.3 Type of interfaces — MQ and REST . 7
4.3.1 MQ . 7
4.3.2 REST . 7
5 Attribute description and observation elements . 7
5.1 Attribute description . 7
5.1.1 General. 7
5.1.2 OHM-CVI description . 7
5.1.3 Instrument description . 8
5.1.4 Parameter description . 9
5.2 Observation elements . 9
5.2.1 General. 9
5.2.2 Hydrologic data . 9
5.2.3 Meteorological data .10
6 Function module .10
6.1 Data storage .10
6.2 Platform navigation .10
6.3 Instrument status display .11
6.4 Data display .11
6.5 Graphic display .11
6.6 Comprehensive query .12
6.7 Statistic analysis .12
6.8 Data export .13
6.9 Print management .14
6.10 Console management .14
6.11 Error and logging .14
7 Data interfaces .14
7.1 Transmitted data format .14
7.2 Input interfaces .15
7.2.1 Data input interfaces .15
7.2.2 OHM-CVI interaction .18
7.3 Output interfaces .18
7.3.1 General.18
7.3.2 Observation data output interface .18
7.3.3 Instrument status output interface.19
8 Exception .20
8.1 General .20
8.2 Response for an exception .21
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ISO 21851:2020(E)
Annex A (informative) Example of OHM-CVI description file .22
Bibliography .24
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ISO 21851:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www .iso .org/ directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www .iso .org/ patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the WTO
principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see Foreword — Supplementary information
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology,
Subcommittee SC 13, Marine technology.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
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ISO 21851:2020(E)
Introduction
Ocean hydro-meteorological observation is an important means for human cognition and research on
the ocean. It plays an important role in the study of ocean science, protection of the ocean environment,
early warning of ocean disasters, and development of ocean resources. Observation activities are
coordinated by ocean hydro-meteorological observation systems at observing sites. The observation
system is responsible for receiving, storing, displaying, processing and analyzing ocean hydro-
meteorological data, providing software support for accurate and efficient observation activities.
The lack of design standards for ocean hydro-meteorological observation systems leads to different
system structures, poor interface versatility, and diverse data types, which seriously affects the
reusability and interactivity of the system, and brings a series of comprehensive problems, mainly
in the following aspects: the system function coverage is imperfect and cannot meet all observation
requirements; the interconnection between systems is difficult, which hinders the analysis and
application of large-scale ocean data; the system development efficiency is low, the upgrade cost is high,
and the ocean observation cost increases.
This document provides an overall framework for ocean hydro-meteorological observation systems.
It standardizes the functional composition of such systems, their structure type of the data, their
data transmission format and protocol, and their input and output interfaces. As such, this document
contributes to improving the development and operation efficiency of these systems, and to meeting
diverse needs. It also improves the application analysis and integrated management capabilities of
ocean big data.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21851:2020(E)
Marine technology — Ocean observation systems —
Design criteria of ocean hydro-meteorological observation
systems reuse and interaction
1 Scope
This document specifies the overall framework of ocean hydro-meteorological observation systems,
including the system function composition, the data structure type and data transmission format and
protocol, as well as the input and output interface. These systems support automatic measurement of
e.g. buoy, submersible and shore station instruments, with output interfaces, and provide observations
on e.g. water temperature, salinity, depth, current, ocean wave, temperature, pressure, humidity, wind,
visibility and precipitation. They have the ability to receive, store, display, process, and analyze data.
This document is intended for both developers of ocean observation systems and ocean observers.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions, and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
interface
function used to implement data reception or transmission
3.1.2
standardized interface
interface (3.1.1) for the uniform specification of names, functions, parameters (3.1.5) and return values
3.1.3
instrument
device with a sensory environmental characteristic parameter function for implementing ocean hydro-
meteorological observation activities
3.1.4
precision
closeness of agreement between indications or measured quantity values obtained by replicate
measurements on the same or similar objects under specified conditions
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.15, modified - Preferred term "measurement precision" deleted;
Notes 1 to 4 to entry deleted.]
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ISO 21851:2020(E)
3.1.5
parameter
ocean hydro-meteorological observation elements measured by an observation instrument (3.1.3)
3.1.6
ocean hydro-meteorological complex virtual instrument
ocean hydro-meteorological observation system software element consisting of standardized input
and output interfaces (3.1.1) and function module
3.2 Abbreviated terms
CTD conductivity, temperature and depth
URL Uniform Resource Locator
XML Extensible Markup Language
OHM-CVI ocean hydro-meteorological observation complex virtual instrument
MQ message queue
REST representational state transfer
API application programming interface
4 System architecture, workflow and types of interfaces
4.1 Architecture
4.1.1 General
The document combines the requirements of ocean hydro-meteorological observations, and adopts the
ocean hydro-meteorological complex virtual instrument (OHM-CVI) as the system design reference
model to standardize the overall structure. It specifies standardized data, input and output interfaces
and a data exchange format. The input interface is responsible for receiving the collected data of the
ocean observation instrument. The output interface provides MQ and REST data sharing modes for
different data sharing scenarios to realize the interaction of ocean observation data. A function module
is also specified, that includes data display, statistical analysis, and comprehensive query functions
to meet the storage, display, processing and analysis requirements for ocean hydro-meteorological
observation. The detailed description of the OHM-CVI components is given in 4.1.2 and 4.1.3.
Figure 1 shows the system architecture model, with the standardized interfaces marked in blue.
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ISO 21851:2020(E)
Figure 1 — System framework model
Interaction between a upper application and a OHM-CVI, as well as between several OHM-CVIs, is
implemented through a registration centre. The registration centre is responsible for the centralized
management of OHM-CVI information, and provides the OHM-CVI registration interface and directory
retrieval interface. The OHM-CVI completes registration through the registration interface. The upper
application or OHM-CVI obtains the registered OHM-CVI list through the directory retrieval interface,
and realizes the data interoperation through the standardized data output interface of OHM-CVI. The
OHM-CVI registration and access process is shown in Figure 2. Detailed information is given in 4.1.4.
Figure 2 — OHM-CVI registration and access process
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ISO 21851:2020(E)
4.1.2 Function module
The function module is a module that analyses and displays the source data acquired by OHM-CVI, and
provides a standardized interface through MQ and REST. This document lists the data presentation
forms commonly used by data display and calculation analysis modules based on observation
parameters. Users can increase or decrease data presentation forms according to their requirements
and observation parameters. This module shall have the following functions.
1. Data storage: to store the received hydro-meteorological parameter data (see 6.1).
2. Platform navigation: with a horizontal map as the background, to achieve navigation to each
platform, (see 6.2).
3. Instrument status display: to show the operation status of each instrument in a visual way (see 6.3).
4. Data display: to display the various parameter data in real time in the form of a list (see 6.4).
5. Graphic display: for real-time display of the various parameter data in a suitable way (see 6.5).
6. Comprehensive query: to query the data under certain conditions, and to display the query results
in an appropriate way (see 6.6).
7. Statistic analysis: for the mathematical analysis and display of hydro-meteorological parameter
data (see 6.7).
8. Data export: to export data or charts (see 6.8).
9. Print management: to print data or charts (see 6.9).
10. Console management, page closure, minimization or maximization of the software and function
module switching operations (see 6.10).
11. Error and logging, warning and logging of errors during software operation (see 6.11).
4.1.3 Standardized interface
The standardized interface standardizes data transformation format. It shall consist of the following.
1. Source data input interface: to transfer source data to OHM-CVI, in a specified format (see 7.2.1.1).
2. Instrument status input interface: to transfer instrument status to OHM-CVI, in a specified format
(see 7.2.1.2).
3. Data output interface: for the OHM-CVI to provide standardized observation data interfaces
(see 7.3.1).
4. Instrument status output interface: for the OHM-CVI to provide standardized instrument status
interfaces (see 7.3.2).
4.1.4 Registration centre
4.1.4.1 General
The registration centre shall contain a registration interface and a query interface.
4.1.4.2 OHM-CVI registration interface
The OHM-CVI registration interface shall be as follows.
1. Name: registrationOHM-CVI.
2. Function: OHM-CVI register.
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ISO 21851:2020(E)
3. Request parameters: The request parameters are shown in Figure 3, which include URL, UserName,
Password, and OHM-CVI description information, where username and password are optional.
More details of request parameters are shown in Table 1.
Figure 3 — registrationOHM-CVI request
Table 1 — registrationOHM-CVI request parameters
Name Type Description Use
URL xs: string Address of the registration centre Required
User name of registration request
Username xs: string Optional
information
Password of registration request
Password xs: string Optional
information
Registered OHM-CVI information
OHM-CVIInfo OHM-CVIInfo Required
(see 5.1)
4. Response: Registration successful returns the registration code, and registration failed returns 0.
Response result is shown in Figure 4 and details in Table 2.
Figure 4 — registrationOHM-CVI response
Table 2 — registrationOHM-CVI response result
Name Type Description Use
Registration successful returns
registrationOHM-CVIFlag xs: string the registration code, and Required
registration fails returns 0.
5. Exception: Return an exception report message, as specified in Clause 8.
6. Example: The registration information is described in 5.1.
4.1.4.3 OHM-CVI query interface
The OHM-CVI query interface shall be as follows.
1. Name: getOHM-CVI.
2. Function: Query attributes, instrument and parameter information of OHM-CVI through the
registration centre.
3. Request parameter: The request parameters are shown in Figure 5, which include URL, UserName,
Password, and OHM-CVI name, where username and password are optional. More details of request
parameters are shown in Table 3.
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ISO 21851:2020(E)
Figure 5 — getOHM-CVI request
Table 3 — getOHM-CVI request parameters
Name Type Description Use
URL xs: string Address of the registration centre Required
Login to the user name of the
Username xs: string Optional
registration centre
Login to the password of the
Password xs: string Optional
registration centre
OHM-CVIName xs: string OHM-CVI name Required
4. Response: query successful returns OHM-CVI information, and query failed returns 0. Response
result is shown in Figure 6 and details in Table 4.
Figure 6 — getOHM-CVI response
Table 4 — getOHM-CVI response result
Name Type Description Use
OHM-CVI specific description information
OHM-CVIInfo OHM-CVIInfo Required
is given in 5.1
5. Exception: Return an exception report message, as specified in Clause 8.
6. Example: The OHM-CVI information is described in 5.1.
4.2 Workflow
The workflow shall be as follows.
1. Turn on the service and wait to receive data.
2. OHM-CVI obtains platform, instrument, and parameter attribute information.
3. OHM-CVI does the standardized conversion, storage, processing and display of the acquired
source data.
4. Provide standardized data interfaces through MQ and REST.
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4.3 Type of interfaces — MQ and REST
4.3.1 MQ
Message queue (MQ) provides an asynchronous communications protocol, meaning that the sender and
receiver of the message do not need to interact with the message queue at the same time. Messages
placed onto the queue are stored until the recipient retrieves them. Message queues have implicit
or explicit limits on the size of data that may be transmitted in a single message and the number of
messages that may remain outstanding on the queue.
Using MQ, OHM-CVI sends data to MQ middleware. MQ middleware stores data and creates a message
queue by the data arrival time. MQ middleware is responsible for monitoring and responding to user
data requests.
4.3.2 REST
Representational state transfer (REST) is a design and development method for network applications,
which can reduce the complexity of development, improve the scalability of the system, and facilitate
the transfer of information between different software/programs in the network. The user sends a CTD
data request to the OHM-CVI, which sends the CTD instrument monitoring data to the user as a string
through the REST protocol.
5 Attribute description and observation elements
5.1 Attribute description
5.1.1 General
This subclause describes the OHM-CVI, instrument, and parameter attributes, including name, type,
description, and use. The names of OHM-CVI, instrument and parameter shall have obvious indicative
information, and the types should be numbered in the same order, such as "towed CTD1", "temperature
at 5 meters underwater 1".
5.1.2 OHM-CVI description
OHM-CVI is the root node which includes attributes and instrument child node information. The
relationship between OHM-CVI and instrument is one-to-many, that means one OHM-CVI may contain
many instruments. OHM-CVI description is shown in Figure 7. An example of OHM-CVI description is
given in Annex A.
Figure 7 — Description of OHM-CVI
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ISO 21851:2020(E)
OHM-CVI attributes and child node information are show in Table 5. The attribute of ID and Name are
required, and the others are optional. Attributes of OHM-CVI can also be expanded on demand.
Table 5 — OHM-CVI attribute and child node information
Name Type Description Use
ID xs: integer Global unique identifier of OHM-CVI Required
Name xs: string Name of OHM-CVI Required
Developer xs: string Developer of OHM-CVI Optional
DateTime xs: string Creation date of OHM-CVI Optional
Version xs: string Version of OHM-CVI Optional
Instrument Instrument See 5.1.3 Required
5.1.3 Instrument description
Instrument is the child node of OHM-CVI which includes attributes and parameter child node
information. The relationship between instrument and parameter is also one-to-many. Instrument
description is shown in Figure 8.
Figure 8 — Description of instrument
Instrument attributes and child node information are shown in Table 6. The attribute of ID, Name,
Model and Type are required and the others are optional. Attributes of instrument can also be
expanded on demand.
Table 6 — Instrument attribute and child node information
Name Type Description Use
ID xs: integer Relative identifier of instrument Required
Name xs: string Name of instrument Required
Manufacture xs: string Manufacture of instrument Optional
Model xs: string Model of instrument Required
Type xs: string Type of instrument Required
Longitude xs: string Longitude of instrument Optional
Latitude xs: string Latitude of instrument Optio
...
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