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ISO/FDIS 20041-2

(Main)

Tritium and carbon-14 activity in gaseous effluents and gas discharges of nuclear installations — Part 2: Determination of tritium and carbon-14 activities sampled by bubbling technique

Tritium and carbon-14 activity in gaseous effluents and gas discharges of nuclear installations — Part 2: Determination of tritium and carbon-14 activities sampled by bubbling technique

ISO 20041-2 describes analysis methods for the determination of tritium and carbon-14 activities by liquid scintillation counting and calculation methods to determine the tritium activities discharged as tritiated water vapour (HTO) and tritium in other chemical compounds (non-HTO) as wells as carbon-14 activities discharged as carbon dioxide (14CO2) and carbon-14 in other chemical compounds (non-14CO2). The results of the measurement are therefore expressed in becquerels. ISO 20041-2 applies to samples that were obtained by the bubbling technique according to ISO 20041-1 and that are representative of a certain volume stream or volume of discharge during a given period of time and of the corresponding volume discharged. This document does not apply to tritium and carbon-14 activity concentrations in the environmental air, e. g. in the vicinity of nuclear installations.

Activité du tritium et du carbone 14 dans les effluents gazeux et les rejets gazeux des installations nucléaires — Partie 2: Détermination de l’activité du tritium et du carbone 14 prélevés par la technique du barbotage

General Information

Status
Not Published
ICS
27.120.20 - Nuclear power plants. Safety
Technical Committee
ISO/TC 85/SC 2 - Radiological protection
Drafting Committee
ISO/TC 85/SC 2/WG 14 - Air control and monitoring
Current Stage
5020 - FDIS ballot initiated: 2 months. Proof sent to secretariat
Start Date
03-Jun-2025
Completion Date
03-Jun-2025
Ref Project

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ISO/FDIS 20041-2 - Tritium and carbon-14 activity in gaseous effluents and gas discharges of nuclear installations — Part 2: Determination of tritium and carbon-14 activities sampled by bubbling technique Released:20. 05. 2025ISO/FDIS 20041-2 - Tritium and carbon-14 activity in gaseous effluents and gas discharges of nuclear installations — Part 2: Determination of tritium and carbon-14 activities sampled by bubbling technique Released:20. 05. 2025
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ISO/FDIS 20041-2 - Tritium and carbon-14 activity in gaseous effluents and gas discharges of nuclear installations — Part 2: Determination of tritium and carbon-14 activities sampled by bubbling technique Released:20. 05. 2025
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REDLINE ISO/FDIS 20041-2 - Tritium and carbon-14 activity in gaseous effluents and gas discharges of nuclear installations — Part 2: Determination of tritium and carbon-14 activities sampled by bubbling technique Released:20. 05. 2025REDLINE ISO/FDIS 20041-2 - Tritium and carbon-14 activity in gaseous effluents and gas discharges of nuclear installations — Part 2: Determination of tritium and carbon-14 activities sampled by bubbling technique Released:20. 05. 2025
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REDLINE ISO/FDIS 20041-2 - Tritium and carbon-14 activity in gaseous effluents and gas discharges of nuclear installations — Part 2: Determination of tritium and carbon-14 activities sampled by bubbling technique Released:20. 05. 2025
English language
41 pages
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Standards Content (Sample)


FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/TC 85/SC 2
Tritium and carbon-14
Secretariat: AFNOR
activity in gaseous effluents
Voting begins on:
and gas discharges of nuclear
2025-06-03
installations —
Voting terminates on:
2025-07-29
Part 2:
Determination of tritium and
carbon-14 activities sampled by
bubbling technique
Activité du tritium et du carbone 14 dans les effluents gazeux et
les rejets gazeux des installations nucléaires —
Partie 2: Détermination des activités du tritium et du carbone 14
prélevés par la technique du barbotage
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/TC 85/SC 2
Tritium and carbon-14
Secretariat: AFNOR
activity in gaseous effluents
Voting begins on:
and gas discharges of nuclear
installations —
Voting terminates on:
Part 2:
Determination of tritium and
carbon-14 activities sampled by
bubbling technique
Activité du tritium et du carbone 14 dans les effluents gazeux et
les rejets gazeux des installations nucléaires —
Partie 2: Détermination des activités du tritium et du carbone 14
prélevés par la technique du barbotage
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2025
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols . 3
5 Principle . 7
6 Sampling and storage . 8
6.1 Sampling .8
6.2 Sample reception and storage.9
7 Reagents and equipment . 9
7.1 Reagents .9
7.1.1 Blank samples .9
7.1.2 Calibration source solutions .9
7.1.3 Scintillation cocktail .9
7.1.4 Quenching agent .10
7.1.5 Reagents for sample preparation .10
7.2 Equipment .10
8 Procedure .10
8.1 Determination of the background .10
8.2 Determination of the detection efficiency .11
8.3 Quench correction .11
8.4 Sample preparation .11
8.4.1 Direct measurement . 12
8.4.2 Distillation . 12
8.4.3 Precipitation . 12
8.4.4 Combustion . 12
8.4.5 Desorption and trapping of CO . 12
8.5 LSC sample preparation . 13
8.6 Measurement . 13
8.6.1 General . 13
8.6.2 Control and verification . 13
8.6.3 Measurement conditions .14
8.6.4 Interference control . .14
9 Expression of results .15
9.1 General . 15
9.2 Input quantities .16
9.2.1 Input quantities related to the sampling .16
9.2.2 Input quantities received by measurement evaluation .17
9.3 Calculations related to HTO/ CO .18
9.3.1 General .18
9.3.2 Activity discharged .18
9.3.3 Associated standard uncertainty .18
9.3.4 Decision threshold .18
9.3.5 Detection limit .19
9.3.6 Limits of the probabilistic symmetric coverage interval .19
9.4 Calculations related to non-HTO/non- CO .19
9.4.1 Activity discharged . 20
9.4.2 Associated standard uncertainty . 20
9.4.3 Decision threshold . 20
9.4.4 Detection limit .21

iii
9.4.5 Limits of the probabilistic symmetric coverage interval .21
10 Test report .22
Annex A (informative) Tritium distillation of low volume samples .23
Annex B (informative) Sample preparation by precipitation .25
Annex C (informative) Sample preparation by combustion .27
Annex D (informative) Sample preparation by desorption and trapping of CO .29
Annex E (informative) Internal standard method .32
Annex F (informative) Determination of the tritium and carbon-14 activity concentrations in
trapping solutions according to ISO 19361 .34
Annex G (informative) Example calculations
...


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[ISO/TC 85/SC 2
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Secretariat: AFNOR
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Date: 2025-05-03xx
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Tritium and carbon--14 activity in gaseous effluents and gas
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discharges of nuclear installations — —
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Part 2: Style Definition
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Determination of tritium and carbon-14 activities sampled by
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bubbling technique
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Activité du tritium et du carbone 14 dans les effluents gazeux et les rejets gazeux des installations nucléaires —
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Commented [eXtyles1]: The reference "ISO 2025" is to a
withdrawn standard
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
Formatted: Default Paragraph Font
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO Formatted: Default Paragraph Font
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
Formatted: English (United Kingdom)
Formatted: English (United Kingdom)
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
EmailE-mail: copyright@iso.org
Formatted: French (France)
Website: www.iso.orgwww.iso.org
Formatted: zzCopyright address, Adjust space between
Latin and Asian text, Adjust space between Asian text
Published in Switzerland
and numbers
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
Formatted: FooterPageRomanNumber, Space Before:
0 pt, Line spacing: single
ii © ISO 20041-2 2025 – All rights reserved
ii
Formatted: Font: Bold, English (United Kingdom)
Formatted: Font: Bold
Formatted: HeaderCentered, Left
Contents
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
Foreword . vi
Introduction . vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols . 3
5 Principle . 7
6 Sampling and storage . 9
6.1 Sampling . 9
6.2 Sample reception and storage . 9
7 Reagents and equipment . 9
7.1 Reagents . 9
7.2 Equipment . 11
8 Procedure . 11
8.1 Determination of the background . 11
8.2 Determination of the detection efficiency . 11
8.3 Quench correction . 11
8.4 Sample preparation . 12
8.5 LSC sample preparation . 13
8.6 Measurement . 14
9 Expression of results . 16
9.1 General. 16
9.2 Input quantities . 18
9.3 Calculations related to HTO/ CO . 19
9.4 Calculations related to non-HTO/non- CO2 . 21
10 Test report . 25
Annex A (informative) Tritium distillation of low volume samples . 26
Annex B (informative) Sample preparation by precipitation . 29
Annex C (informative) Sample preparation by combustion . 31
Annex D (informative) Sample preparation by desorption and trapping of CO . 33
Annex E (informative) Internal standard method . 37
Annex F (informative) Determination of the tritium and carbon-14 activity concentrations in
trapping solutions according to ISO 19361 . 39
Annex G (informative) Example calculations for the tritium and carbon-14 activities discharged
with the gaseous effluents . 43
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Bibliography . 48
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Foreword . v
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Introduction . vi
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1 Scope . 1
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2 Normative references . 1
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iii
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3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols . 3
5 Principle . 6
6 Sampling and storage . 9
7 Reagents and equipment . 9
8 Procedure . 11
9 Expression of results . 16
10 Reporting . 23
Annex A (informative) Tritium distillation of low volume samples . 24
A.1 Principle . 24
A.2 Reagents and equipment . 24
A.2.1 Reagents . 24
A.2.2 Equipment . 24
A.3 Procedure . 25
A.3.1 Sample preparation . 25
A.3.2 Oxidation in an alkaline medium . 25
A.3.3 Neutralization . 25
A.3.4 Distillation . 25
Annex B (informative) Sample preparation by precipitation . 26
B.1 Principle . 26
B.2 Reagents and equipment . 26
B.2.1 Reagents . 26
B.2.2 Equipment . 27
B.3 Procedure . 27
B.3.1 Determination of sodium carbonate concentration . 27
B.3.2 Precipitation as barium carbonate . 27
Annex C (informative) Sample preparation by combustion . 28
C.1 Principle . 28
C.2 Reagents and equipment . 28
C.2
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