ISO 22904:2020
(Main)Additions for concrete
Additions for concrete
This document specifies requirements for the properties for silica fume, siliceous fly ash and ground granulated blastfurnace slag for use as a type II addition for production of concrete conforming to ISO 22965. Additions according to this document can also be used in mortars and grouts. This document applies to the silica fume which is a by-product of the smelting process used to produce silicon metal and ferro-silicon alloys. Fly ash produced with other types or higher percentages of co-combustion materials than those provided for in this document is outside the scope of this document. Ground granulated blastfurnace slag containing any added materials other than grinding aids and/or gypsum (calcium sulfate) is not within the scope of this document. It is not within the scope of this document to specify provisions for the practical application of additions in the production of concrete, mortar or grout, i.e. requirements concerning composition, mixing, placing, curing, etc. NOTE Some rules are given in ISO 22965‑2, e.g. provisions on general suitability and use of additions. Guidance on batching, control of additions content and the use of the k-value concept are also given in ISO 22965‑2.
Ajout pour béton
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22904
First edition
2020-07
Additions for concrete
Ajout pour béton
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
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ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Specifications . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 Silica fume . 4
4.2.1 General. 4
4.2.2 Chemical requirements . 4
4.2.3 Physical requirements . 5
4.3 Fly ash . 6
4.3.1 Chemical requirements . 6
4.3.2 Physical requirements . 8
4.3.3 Specific provisions for fly ash from co-combustion. 9
4.4 Ground granulated blastfurnace slag .10
4.4.1 General.10
4.4.2 Chemical requirements .10
4.4.3 Physical requirements .11
4.5 Durability requirements .12
4.6 Release of dangerous substances and emission of radioactivity .12
4.7 Information to be supplied upon request .12
5 Sampling .13
6 Conformity control and evaluation of conformity .13
7 Packaging, labelling and marking .13
Annex A (normative) Method of determining the moisture content of ground granulated
blastfurnace slag.14
Annex B (normative) Determination of the water requirement for Category S fly ash .15
Annex C (normative) Determination method on the content of soluble phosphate in fly ash
(expressed as P O ) .17
2 5
Annex D (informative) Guidance on conformity control and evaluation of conformity .19
Bibliography .23
Foreword
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 71, Concrete, reinforced concrete and pre-
stressed concrete, Subcommittee SC 3, Concrete production and execution of concrete structures.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
Introduction
–6
Silica fume consists of mainly spherical particles of amorphous silicon dioxide smaller than 10 m
and is highly pozzolanic. It is collected by filters as a by-product of the smelting process to produce
silicon metal and ferro-silicon alloys. It can be supplied as collected from the filters (undensified),
after treatment to increase its bulk density (densified), or as a slurry. Silica fume from more than one
furnace, filter or intermediate storage silo will normally be blended in the production plant.
Many years of research and practical experience have demonstrated that silica fume which satisfies the
requirements in this document has highly pozzolanic properties and can be used to produce concrete
with improved properties in both the fresh and hardened states. Silica fume is normally used in
combination with a plasticizer and/or superplasticizer.
The use of coal for electricity production results in the generation of large quantities of fly ash. Different
types of coal and the type of boiler used in this process produce different fly ashes, such as siliceous,
silico-calcareous, or calcareous fly ashes with pozzolanic and/or latent hydraulic properties. All these
types of fly ash are used in concrete production in some countries, based on national experience and
tradition.
Before use, fly ash can be subject to processing, for example by classification, selection, sieving, drying,
blending, grinding or carbon reduction, to optimize its fineness, reduce its water demand or to improve
other properties. Such processed fly ashes can conform to this document to which reference is made in
such a case. If they are out of the scope of this document, their suitability for use as Type II additions in
concrete according to ISO 22965-2 can also be established from national standards or provisions valid
in the place of use of the concrete and which refer specifically to the use of the addition in concrete
conforming to ISO 22965-2.
When using fly ashes conforming to this document, it should be noted that, apart from the effect from
the pozzolanicity of the fly ash, certain properties of fresh and hardened concrete can be affected.
Where relevant, such effects need to be considered in concrete mix design (see ISO 22965-2).
Blast-furnace slag is classified into two types, air-cooled blast-furnace slag and granulated blast-
furnace slag, according to the cooling process after the molten slag of approximately 1 500 °C is
removed from the furnace. Granulated slag is made by rapidly chilling molten slag, such as by water jet,
into a granulated glassy material, which is used for ground granulated blast-furnace slag, a material for
slag cement. The amorphous glassy granulated slag has hydraulicity. When finely ground into ground
granulated blast-furnace slag, it also demonstrates hardening and strength-developing properties
(latent hydraulicity), as the slag itself undergoes hydration, similarly to cement, in the co-presence of
cement (an alkaline stimulant) and water.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22904:2020(E)
Additions for concrete
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for the properties for silica fume, siliceous fly ash and ground
granulated blastfurnace slag for use as a type II addition for production of concrete conforming to
ISO 22965. Additions according to this document can also be used in mortars and grouts.
This document applies to the silica fume which is a by-product of the smelting process used to produce
silicon metal and ferro-silicon alloys.
Fly ash produced with other types or higher percentages of co-combustion materials than those
provided for in this document is outside the scope of this document.
Ground granulated blastfurnace slag containing any added materials other than grinding aids and/or
gypsum (calcium sulfate) is not within the scope of this document.
It is not within the scope of this document to specify provisions for the practical application of additions
in the production of concrete, mortar or grout, i.e. requirements concerning composition, mixing,
placing, curing, etc.
NOTE Some rules are given in ISO 22965-2, e.g. provisions on general suitability and use of additions.
Guidance on batching, control of additions content and the use of the k-value concept are also given in ISO 22965-2.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 679, Cement — Test methods — Determination of strength
ISO 9277, Determination of the specific surface area of solids by gas adsorption — BET method
ISO 9286, Abrasive grains and crude — Chemical analysis of silicon carbide
ISO 9597, Cement — Test methods — Determination of setting time and soundness
ISO 10694, Soil quality — Determination of organic and total carbon after dry combustion (elementary
analysis)
ISO 11885, Water quality — Determination of selected elements by inductively coupled plasma optical
emission spectrometry (ICP-OES)
ISO 16559, Solid biofuels — Terminology, definitions and descriptions
ISO 19596, Admixtures for concrete
ISO 20290-1, Aggregates for concrete — Test methods for mechanical and physical properties — Part 1:
Determination of bulk density, particle density, particle mass-per-volume and water absorption
ISO 22965-2, Concrete — Part 2:
...
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