ISO 7176-25:2022
(Main)Wheelchairs — Part 25: Lead-acid batteries and chargers for powered wheelchairs — Requirements and test methods
Wheelchairs — Part 25: Lead-acid batteries and chargers for powered wheelchairs — Requirements and test methods
This document specifies requirements and test methods for lead-acid batteries and their chargers intended for use with electrically-powered wheelchairs and scooters. Requirements for chargers are applicable to those with a rated input voltage not greater than 250 V AC and a nominal output voltage not greater than 36 V.
Fauteuils roulants — Partie 25: Batteries au plomb et chargeurs pour fauteuils roulants motorisés — Exigences et méthodes d’essai
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 7176-25
Second edition
2022-10
Wheelchairs —
Part 25:
Lead-acid batteries and chargers
for powered wheelchairs —
Requirements and test methods
Fauteuils roulants —
Partie 25: Batteries au plomb et chargeurs pour fauteuils roulants
motorisés — Exigences et méthodes d’essai
Reference number
ISO 7176-25:2022(E)
© ISO 2022
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 7176-25:2022(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
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ISO 7176-25:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Test conditions and apparatus . .2
4.1 Test conditions . 2
5 Battery chargers . 4
5.1 Electrical safety . 4
5.1.1 General . 4
5.1.2 Requirements . 5
5.1.3 Test methods . 5
5.2 Performance-related safety . 5
5.2.1 General . 5
5.2.2 Charging connector. 6
5.2.3 Reverse polarity connection . 6
5.2.4 Battery discharge . 7
5.2.5 Battery charger options . 8
5.2.6 Charging a faulty battery set . 8
5.3 Charging capability . 9
5.3.1 General . 9
5.3.2 Requirements . 9
5.3.3 Preparation for test . 9
5.3.4 Test methods . 10
5.4 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 11
5.4.1 General . 11
5.4.2 Requirements . 11
5.4.3 Test methods . 11
5.5 Indicators . 11
5.5.1 General . 11
5.5.2 Requirements . 11
5.5.3 Test method . 12
6 Batteries.12
6.1 Performance requirements . 12
6.1.1 General .12
6.1.2 Charge retention .12
6.2 Safety requirements .13
6.2.1 Requirements .13
6.2.2 Test methods . 13
6.3 Marking . 13
7 Test report .13
7.1 Test reports for battery chargers . 13
7.2 Test reports for batteries . 14
8 User manual .14
8.1 User manual for battery chargers . 14
8.2 User manual for batteries . 16
9 Disclosure .16
Bibliography .17
iii
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ISO 7176-25:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 173, Assistive products, Subcommittee SC
1, Wheelchairs.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 7176-25:2013), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— explanations and requirements have been revised;
— requirements for battery chargers have been revised and added in 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3;
— requirements for battery safety and performance have been revised in 6.1 and 6.2;
— the items in test report have been clarified in Clause 7;
— some notes in 4.2, 4.5, and 5.3 have been converted to body text.
A list of all parts in the ISO 7176 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
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ISO 7176-25:2022(E)
Introduction
Since the reliability and performance of an electrically-powered wheelchair depends on the operation,
performance and reliability of the battery set and the battery charger, it is important to ensure that
wheelchair batteries and chargers are suitable for their purpose and that the wheelchair, batteries and
charger are compatible. It is also important to ensure that risks arising from the use of wheelchair
batteries and their chargers are eliminated or reduced as far as is practicable. Consequently, it is
essential that performance requirements and safety requirements for wheelchair batteries and battery
chargers be available.
Battery chargers are divided into three types: off-board, carry-on and on-board. Operating, transport
and storage situations can differ for these types, so it is appropriate to apply different requirements to
them.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7176-25:2022(E)
Wheelchairs —
Part 25:
Lead-acid batteries and chargers for powered wheelchairs
— Requirements and test methods
WARNING — This document calls for the use of procedures that might be injurious to health if
adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitability and does not absolve
those carrying out or commissioning the tests from legal obligations relating to health and
safety. Prior to carrying out tests that could cause batteries or chargers to exhibit dangerous
behaviour, it is recommended that the likely outcome is assessed and appropriate arrangements
made to minimize risk.
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements and test methods for lead-acid batteries and their chargers
intended for use with electrically-powered wheelchairs and scooters. Requirements for chargers are
applicable to those with a rated input voltage not greater than 250 V AC and a nominal output voltage
not greater than 36 V.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 7176-8, Wheelchairs — Part 8: Requirements and test methods for static, impact and fatigue strengths
ISO 7176-21, Wheelchairs — Part 21: Requirements and test methods for electromagnetic compatibility of
electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters, and battery chargers
ISO 7176-26, Wheelchairs — Part 26: Vocabulary
ISO 14971, Medical devices — Application of risk management to medical devices
IEC 60254-1:2005, Lead-acid traction batteries — Part 1: General requirements and methods of tests
IEC 60254-2, Lead-acid traction batteries — Part 2: Dimensions of cells and terminals and marking of
polarity on cells
IEC 60335-2-29:2016+Amd1: 2019, Household and similar electrical appliances — Safety — Part 2-29:
Particular requirements for battery chargers
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 61076-2-103, Connectors for electronic equipment — Part 2-103: Circular connectors — Detail
specification for a range of multipole connectors (type ‘XLR’)
IEC/TS 61430, Secondary cells and batteries — Test methods for checking the performance of devices
designed for reducing explosion hazards — Lead-acid starter batteries
SAE J1495, Test procedure for battery flame retardant venting systems
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ISO 7176-25:2022(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 7176-26 and the following
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
battery
one or more cells fitted with devices necessary for use, for example case, terminals, marking and
protective devices
[SOURCE: IEV 482–01–04]
3.2
lead-acid battery
secondary battery (3.1) with an aqueous electrolyte based on dilute sulphuric acid, a positive electrode
of lead dioxide and a negative electrode of lead
[SOURCE: IEV 482–05–01, modified — Preferred term changed to "lead-acid battery", note to entry
deleted.]
3.3
nominal voltage
suitable approximate value of the voltage used to designate or identify a cell, a battery or an
electrochemical system
Note 1 to entry: For lead-acid batteries the nominal voltage is usually two volts multiplied by the number of cells.
[SOURCE: IEV 482–03–31, modified — Note to entry added.]
3.4
rated DC output current
output current assigned to the battery charger by its manufacturer
3.5
rated DC output voltage
output voltage assigned to the battery charger by its manufacturer
3.6
rated input voltage
supply mains voltage assigned to the battery charger by its manufacturer
3.7
cyclic endurance of a battery
number of discharge/recharge cycles a battery (3.1) can perform under specific conditions
3.8
charge retention
residual discharge capacity after storage while a battery (3.1) is on open circuit under specific
conditions
4 Test conditions and apparatus
4.1 Test conditions
Carry out the tests in an environment with an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C.
2
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ISO 7176-25:2022(E)
4.2 Mean current meter, capable of measuring the arithmetic mean current supplied by a battery
charger to an accuracy of 2 % of the measurement, which does not introduce a voltage drop (added to
the voltage at the output connector of the battery charger) that exceeds 0,2 % of the nominal battery
voltage.
The averaging time of the meter should be matched to any cyclic variations in the charging current.
NOTE The measuring device can be an integral part of an electronic load as specified in 4.5.
4.3 Root-mean-square (r.m.s.) current meter, capable of measuring the r.m.s. current supplied by a
battery charger to an accuracy of 2 % of the measurement, which does not introduce a voltage drop that
exceeds 0,2 % of the nominal battery voltage.
NOTE The measuring device can be an integral part of an electronic load as specified in 4.5.
4.4 Voltmeter, capable of measuring the voltage supplied by a battery charger, to an accuracy of
0,1 % of the measurement.
NOTE The measuring device can be an integral part of an electronic load as specified in 4.5.
4.5 Electronic load, for simulating a battery to the extent necessary to provide the test loads for
battery chargers within the scope of this document.
EXAMPLE Figure 1 shows an outline schematic for an electronic load that can be used in constant-voltage
mode or constant-current mode, with terminals for connection to the output terminals of the battery charger.
In the constant-voltage mode (switch in CV position), the circuit will keep the voltage between the load
terminals substantially constant while sinking the current supplied by the battery charger.
In the constant-voltage mode, the voltage at the load terminals will be given by V ·(R1+R2)/R1. I,
REF_U
where V is a reference voltage, and R1 and R2 are resistances shown in Figure 1.
REF_U
In the constant-current mode (switch in CC position), the circuit will sink a substantially constant
current with the load terminal voltage being the output voltage of the battery charger.
In constant-current mode the load current will be given by V R , where V is an input
REF_I / SHUNT REF_I
reference voltage and R is a shunt resistance as shown in Figure 1.
SHUNT
Correct operation of the battery charger with the electronic load should be confirmed. For example,
some battery chargers might need a capacitive load, in which case an appropriate capacitor should be
added to the load terminals and correct operation confirmed.
3
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ISO 7176-25:2022(E)
NOTE 1 R can be utilized as a part of a current measuring device (4.2 and 4.3).
SHUNT
NOTE 2 Some battery chargers might need a voltage to be applied to the output terminals to energize or
maintain their output. To initialize such chargers, it will be necessary to connect a current-limited voltage source
to the load terminals.
Figure 1 — Electronic load outline schematic
4.6 Means to alter the AC supply voltage to a battery charger, normally consisting of a tapped or
continuously adjustable variable transformer. The means should not cause the peak supply voltage of
the charger when fully loaded to differ by more than 2 % from the peak supply voltage of the charger
when not loaded.
5 Battery chargers
5.1 Electrical safety
5.1.1 General
Battery chargers intended for use with electrically-powered wheelchairs should not constitute a safety
hazard when utilized in the intended use environment and during foreseeable misuse.
4
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ISO 7176-25:2022(E)
Risk analysis shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 14971.
5.1.2 Requirements
Risk analysis shall take into account storage and operating temperature.
On-board and carry-on battery chargers shall meet the following requirements after being exposed to
vibration as specified in 5.1.3.2.
Battery chargers shall meet the requirements of IEC 60335-2-29.
Battery chargers intended for use only in dry indoor areas shall provide a degree of protection not less
than IPX1 as specified in IEC 60529.
Battery chargers intended for use in places other than dry indoor areas shall be provided with a degree
of protection not less than IPX4 as specified in IEC 60529.
NOTE The wheelchair is expected to provide this protection for installed on-board chargers.
5.1.3 Test methods
5.1.3.1 General
Test battery chargers in accordance with the applicable clauses of IEC 60335-2-29 and IEC 60529. For
battery chargers that have cooling fans, include locked or disconnected fans in the abnormal operation
testing.
An electronic load in constant-voltage mode as described in 4.5 may be used for loading the battery
charger during testing.
NOTE IEC 60335–2-29 specifies tests and inspection criteria for appliances with IP ratings.
5.1.3.2 Exposure to vibration
5.1.3.2.1 On-board battery chargers
On-board battery chargers shall be subjected to the multi-drum fatigue test and the kerb-drop fatigue
test specified in ISO 7176-8 while installed in wheelchairs.
After the test, the on-board battery charger shall show no damage that could impair its operation, and
connections shall not have worked loose.
5.1.3.2.2 Carry-on battery chargers
Carry-on chargers shall conform to IEC 60335-2-29:2016+AMD1: 2019, 21.102.
5.2 Performance-related safety
5.2.1 General
Battery chargers intended for use with electrically-powered wheelchairs shall be safe in normal use
and in foreseeable misuse.
5
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ISO 7176-25:2022(E)
5.2.2 Charging connector
5.2.2.1 General
Output connectors intended to be handled by the end user shall be safe. The connector should also be
convenient to use.
NOTE The shape of the charging connector can contribute considerably to ergonomics of use and safety of
operation.
5.2.2.2 Requirements
The current rating of the output connector and output cable shall exceed the maximum r.m.s. output
current of the battery charger.
If an XLR connector is utilized as a charging connector the following applies:
a) the output connector of the charger shall be male;
b) the XLR connector shall conform to IEC 61076-2-103;
c) where the r.m.s. output current of the battery charger is greater than 5 A, the connector shall
conform to the requirements for the power variant specified in IEC 61076-2-103;
d) regardless of whether the connector has more than three pins, the first three pins shall be assigned
as follows:
— pin 1: battery positive;
— pin 2: battery negative;
— pin 3: inhibit.
NOTE Inhibit is used to prevent wheelchair movement when the battery charger is connected. Commonly
the pin is connected to battery negative.
5.2.2.3 Test methods
Compare the r.m.s. current rating of the charging connector and cable with the r.m.s. output current of
the battery charger as measured in 5.3.4.2.
If an XLR connector is utilized as a charging connector, confirm that the requirements of 5.2.2.2 a), b),
c) and d) are met by inspection.
5.2.3 Reverse polarity connection
5.2.3.1 General
Reverse polarity connection between the battery and the battery charger could cause a fire or damage
to the wheelchair control system, the battery and/or the battery charger if no reverse polarity
protection is present.
5.2.3.2 Requirements
There shall be no safety hazard when the battery charger is connected to a battery set with reversed
polarity.
When battery chargers are tested in accordance with 5.2.3.3,
— the steady-state current that flows to discharge the battery shall not be greater than 100 mA,
6
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ISO 7176-25:2022(E)
— there shall be no damage to the battery charger, and
— following resetting and/or replacement of any circuit protection devices the battery charger shall
operate as specified by the manufacturer.
NOTE This requirement complements the requirement of IEC 60335–2-29 regarding reverse polarity
connection.
5.2.3.3 Test method
WARNING — These tests can be hazardous. Appropriate safety precautions should be taken to
protect test personnel.
a) Add to the output cable of the battery charger a means to measure the current (4.2).
b) Make provision for connecting the battery charger to the test battery with reversed polarity.
c) With the battery charger disconnected from the supply mains, connect the battery to the battery
charger with reversed polarity.
d) Monitor the steady-state current in the output cable of the battery charger for a period of not less
than 1 min and record whether any steady state current greater than 100 mA flows in the output
cable.
e) Disconnect the battery charger from the battery and examine the battery charger. Record any
damage.
f) If the battery charger is undamaged, reset and/or replace any circuit protection devices, if needed.
g) Connect the battery charger to the battery with normal polarity. Connect the battery charger to the
supply mains and switch on the battery charger. Check and record whether it operates correctly.
h) With the battery charger connected to the supply mains and switched on, connect the battery to
the battery charger with reversed polarity.
i) Repeat d) to g).
j) Switch off the battery charger and disconnect it from the supply mains.
5.2.4 Battery discharge
5.2.4.1 General
A battery charger that is disconnected from the supply mains and left connected to the battery can
draw an excessive current from the battery.
5.2.4.2 Requirement
The current drawn from a correctly connected battery by a carry-on or off-board battery charger that
is disconnected from the supply mains shall not exceed 10 mA.
5.2.4.3 Test method
Conformity is checked by adding to the output cable of the battery charger a means to measure the
mean current (4.2) when the battery charger is connected to a test voltage equal to the nominal voltage
of the battery for which the battery charger is intended, ±0,1 V.
NOTE A power supply can be the source of the test voltage.
7
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ISO 7176-25:2022(E)
5.2.5 Battery charger options
5.2.5.1 General
The output voltage of the battery charger, the charging characteristics and any other settings of the
battery charger shall be compatible with the battery set to be charged. It shall not be possible to change
these settings inadvertently.
5.2.5.2 Requirements
It shall not be possible to change the output voltage, the charging characteristics or other settings of
the battery charger without the aid of a tool, key entry combination or similar means for restricting
access. If the means for restricting access is other th
...
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 7176-25
ISO/TC 173/SC 1 Secretariat: SABS
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2021-04-06 2021-06-29
Wheelchairs —
Part 25:
Lead-acid batteries and chargers for powered wheelchairs
— Requirements and test methods
ICS: 11.180.10
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2021
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Apparatus . 3
5 Battery chargers . 5
5.1 Electrical safety . 5
5.1.1 General. 5
5.1.2 Risk analysis shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 14971.Requirements . 5
5.1.3 Test methods . 5
5.2 Performance-related safety. 6
5.2.1 General. 6
5.2.2 Charging connector . 6
5.2.3 Reverse polarity connection . 7
5.2.4 Battery discharge . 8
5.2.5 Battery charger options . 8
5.2.6 Charging a faulty battery set . 8
5.3 Charging capability . . 9
5.3.1 General. 9
5.3.2 Requirements . 9
5.3.3 Preparation for test .10
5.3.4 Test methods .10
5.4 Electromagnetic compatibility .11
5.4.1 General.11
5.4.2 Requirements .12
5.4.3 Test methods .12
5.5 Indicators .12
5.5.1 General.12
5.5.2 Requirements .12
5.5.3 Test method .12
6 Batteries .12
6.1 Performance Requirements .12
6.1.1 Cyclic Endurance .12
6.1.2 Charge Retention .13
6.2 Safety Requirements .13
6.2.1 Requirements .13
6.2.2 Test Methods .13
6.3 Marking .13
6.3.1 Test method .13
7 Test report .14
7.1 Test reports for battery chargers .14
7.2 Test reports for batteries .14
8 User manual .15
8.1 User manual for battery chargers .15
8.2 User manual for batteries .16
9 Disclosure .16
Annex A (informative) Recommendations for cyclic endurance .17
Bibliography .18
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 173, Assistive products for persons with
disability, Subcommittee SC 1, Wheelchairs.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 7176.25:2013), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— xxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxx
A list of all parts in the ISO 7176 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(E)
Introduction
Since the reliability and performance of an electrically powered wheelchair depend on the operation,
performance and reliability of the battery set and the battery charger, it is important to ensure that
wheelchair batteries and chargers are suitable for the purpose and that the wheelchair, batteries and
charger are compatible. It is also important to ensure that risks arising from the use of wheelchair
batteries and their chargers are eliminated or reduced as far as is practicable. Consequently, it is
essential that performance requirements and safety requirements for wheelchair batteries and battery
chargers are available.
Battery chargers are divided into three types: off-board, carry-on and on-board. Operating, transport and
storage situations can differ for these types, so it is appropriate to apply different requirements to them.
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved v
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(E)
Wheelchairs —
Part 25:
Lead-acid batteries and chargers for powered wheelchairs
— Requirements and test methods
WARNING — This part of ISO 7176 calls for the use of procedures that might be injurious to
health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitability and does not
absolve those carrying out or commissioning the tests from legal obligations relating to health
and safety. Prior to carrying out tests that could cause batteries or chargers to exhibit dangerous
behaviour, it is recommended that the likely outcome is assessed and appropriate arrangements
made to minimize risk.
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies requirements and test methods for lead-acid batteries and their
chargers intended for use with electrically powered wheelchairs. Requirements for chargers are
applicable to those with a rated input voltage not greater than 250 V a.c. and a nominal output voltage
not greater than 36 V.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 7176-8, Wheelchairs — Part 8: Requirements and test methods for static, impact and fatigue strengths
ISO 7176-21, Wheelchairs — Part 21: Requirements and test methods for electromagnetic compatibility of
electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters, and battery chargers
IEC 60254-1, Lead-acid traction batteries — Part 1: General requirements and methods of tests
IEC 60254-2, Lead-acid traction batteries — Part 2: Dimensions of cells and terminals and marking of
polarity on cells
IEC 60335-2-29, Household and similar electrical appliances — Safety — Part 2-29: Particular requirements
for battery chargers
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 61076-2-103, Connectors for electronic equipment — Part 2-103: Circular connectors — Detail
specification for a range of multipole connectors (type ‘XLR’)
IEC 61430, Secondary cells and batteries — Test methods for checking the performance of devices designed
for reducing explosion hazards — Lead-acid starter batteries
ISO 14971, Medical devices — Application of risk management to medical devices
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 7176-26 and the following apply.
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ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(E)
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
battery
one or more cells fitted with devices necessary for use, for example case, terminals, marking and
protective devices
[SOURCE: IEV 482-01-04]
3.2
lead acid battery
lead dioxide lead battery
secondary battery with an aqueous electrolyte based on dilute sulphuric acid, a positive electrode of
lead dioxide and a negative electrode of lead
Note 1 to entry: to entry: Lead dioxide lead batteries are often called accumulators (deprecated).
[SOURCE: IEV 482-05-01]
3.3
nominal voltage
suitable approximate value of the voltage used to designate or identify a cell, a battery or an
electrochemical system
[SOURCE: IEV 482-03-31]
Note 1 to entry: to entry: For lead acid batteries the nominal voltage is usually two volts multiplied by
the number of cells.
3.4
rated d.c. output current
output current assigned to the battery charger by its manufacturer
3.5
rated d.c. output voltage
output voltage assigned to the battery charger by its manufacturer
3.6
rated input voltage
supply mains voltage assigned to the battery charger by its manufacturer
3.7
safety hazard
potential source of physical injury or damage to the health of the user, other persons or animals, or
damage to the surroundings, arising directly from the battery charger or battery
Note 1 to entry: to entry: Adapted from IEC 60601-1.
3.8
C
5
rated capacity of the battery for a discharge time of 5 h, expressed in ampere hours
Note 1 to entry: C is equivalent to C as defined in IEC 60254-1.
5 N
Note 2 to entry: IEC 60254-1 states that the nominal capacity, C , is a reference value declared by the
N
manufacturer, which is valid for a cell/battery temperature of 25 °C, a discharge time of 5 h, and a cut-off voltage
U of 1.75V per cell.
f
Note 3 to entry: The nominal capacity, C , can differ from the actual capacity of the battery.
N
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ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(E)
3.9
I
5
the electric current (C / 5), expressed in amperes
5
Note 1 to entry: to entry: The numerical value of C divided by a numerical value of time in hours yields a
5
numerical value of current.
4 Apparatus
4.1 Mean current meter, capable of measuring the arithmetic mean current supplied by a battery
charger to an accuracy of 2 % of the measurement, which does not introduce a voltage drop (added to
the voltage at the output connector of the battery charger) that exceeds 0,2 % of the nominal battery
voltage.
NOTE 1 The measuring device may be an integral part of an electronic load as specified in 4.4.
NOTE 2 It is important to match the averaging time of the meter to any cyclic variations in the charging
current.
4.2 Root-mean-square (r.m.s.) current meter, capable of measuring the r.m.s. current supplied by a
battery charger to an accuracy of 2 % of the measurement, which does not introduce a voltage drop that
exceeds 0,2 % of the nominal battery voltage.
NOTE The measuring device may be an integral part of an electronic load as specified in 4.4.
4.3 Voltmeter, capable of measuring the voltage supplied by a battery charger, to an accuracy of 0,1 %
of the measurement.
NOTE The measuring device may be an integral part of an electronic load as specified in 4.4.
4.4 Electronic load, for simulating a battery to the extent necessary to provide the test loads for
battery chargers included in the scope of this standard.
EXAMPLE Figure 1 shows an outline schematic for an electronic load that can be used in constant-voltage
mode or constant-current mode, with terminals for connection to the output terminals of the battery charger.
In the constant-voltage mode (switch in CV position), the circuit will keep the voltage between the load
terminals substantially constant while sinking the current supplied by the battery charger.
In the constant-voltage mode the voltage at the load terminals will be given by
RR12+
V ×
REFU_
R2
In the constant-current mode (switch in CC position), the circuit will sink a substantially constant
current with the load terminal voltage being the output voltage of the battery charger.
In constant-current mode the load current will be given by
V
REFI_
R
SHUNT
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ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(E)
NOTE 1 R may be utilized as a part of a current measuring device (4.1 and 4.2).
SHUNT
NOTE 2 Some battery chargers might need a voltage to be applied to the output terminals to energize or
maintain their output. To initialize such chargers it will be necessary to connect a current-limited voltage source
to the load terminals.
NOTE 3 It is important to confirm correct operation of the battery charger with the electronic load. For
example, some battery chargers might need a capacitive load, in which case an appropriate capacitor should be
added to the load terminals and correct operation confirmed.
NOTE 4 It is essential that the voltage range at the load terminals and the maximum load current are matched
to the battery charger under test.
Figure 1 — Electronic load outline schematic
4.5 Means to alter the a.c. supply voltage to a battery charger, normally consisting of a tapped or
continuously adjustable variable transformer. The means should not cause the peak supply voltage of the
charger when fully loaded to differ by more than 2 % from the peak supply voltage of the charger when
not loaded.
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ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(E)
5 Battery chargers
5.1 Electrical safety
5.1.1 General
It is important that battery chargers intended for use with electrically powered wheelchairs do not
constitute a safety hazard when utilized in the intended use environment and during foreseeable
misuse. Based on intended use environmental conditions, a risk analysis should take into account items
such as storage and operating temperature.
5.1.2 Risk analysis shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 14971.Requirements
5.1.2.1 On-board and carry-on battery chargers shall meet the following requirements after being
exposed to vibration as specified in 5.1.3.2.
5.1.2.2 Battery chargers shall meet the requirements of IEC 60335-2-29.
5.1.2.3 Off-board battery chargers intended for use only in dry indoor areas shall provide a degree of
protection not less than IPX1 as specified in IEC 60529.
5.1.2.4 Carry-on battery chargers, installed on-board battery chargers and off-board battery chargers
intended for use in places other than dry indoor areas shall provide a degree of protection not less than
IPX4 as specified in IEC 60529.
5.1.3 Test methods
5.1.3.1 General
Test battery chargers in accordance with the applicable parts of IEC 60335-2-29 and IEC 60529. For
battery chargers that have cooling fans, include locked or disconnected fans in the abnormal operation
testing.
NOTE 1 An electronic load in constant-voltage mode as described in 4.4 may be used for loading the battery
charger during testing.
NOTE 2 IEC 60335-2-29 specifies tests and inspection criteria for appliances with IP ratings.
5.1.3.2 Exposure to vibration
5.1.3.2.1 On-board battery chargers
Where a wheelchair intended for use with the charger is available install the on-board battery charger
on the wheelchair in accordance with the charger manufacturer's instructions. Subject the wheelchair
to the multi-drum fatigue test and the kerb-drop fatigue test specified in ISO 7176-8.
NOTE This may be combined with wheelchair testing in accordance with ISO 7176-8.
Alternatively, expose the on-board battery charger to vibration as specified in IEC 60335-2-29 for
battery chargers for installing in caravans and similar vehicles.
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ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(E)
5.1.3.2.2 Carry-on battery chargers
Where a wheelchair intended for use with the charger is available arrange for the battery charger to
be carried on the wheelchair in accordance with the charger manufacturer's instructions. Subject the
wheelchair to the multi-drum fatigue test and the kerb-drop fatigue test specified in ISO 7176-8.
NOTE This may be combined with wheelchair testing in accordance with ISO 7176-8.
Alternatively, expose the carry-on battery charger to vibration as specified in IEC 60335-2-29 for
battery chargers for installing in caravans and similar vehicles.
5.2 Performance-related safety
5.2.1 General
It is important that battery chargers intended for use with electrically powered wheelchairs are safe in
normal use and in foreseeable misuse.
5.2.2 Charging connector
5.2.2.1 General
It is essential that output connectors intended to be handled by the end user are safe. It is preferable
that the connector is also convenient to use.
NOTE The shape of the charging connector can contribute considerably to ergonomics of use and safety of
operation.
5.2.2.2 Requirements
The current rating of the output connector and output cable shall exceed the maximum r.m.s. output
current of the battery charger.
If an XLR connector is utilized as a charging connector the following applies:
a) the output connector of the charger shall be male;
b) the XLR connector shall conform to IEC 61076-2-103;
c) where the r.m.s. output current of the battery charger is greater than 5 A the connector shall
conform to the requirements for the power variant specified in IEC 61076-2-103;
d) regardless of whether the connector has more than three pins, the first three pins shall be assigned
as follows:
— pin 1: battery positive;
— pin 2: battery negative;
— pin 3: inhibit.
NOTE Inhibit is used to prevent wheelchair movement when the battery charger is connected. Commonly
the pin is connected to battery negative.
5.2.2.3 Test methods
Compare the r.m.s. current rating of the charging connector and cable with the r.m.s. output current of
the battery charger as measured in 5.3.4.2.
If an XLR connector is utilized as a charging connector, confirm the requirements of 5.2.2.2 a), b), c) and
d) are met by inspection.
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ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(E)
5.2.3 Reverse polarity connection
5.2.3.1 General
Reverse polarity connection between the battery and the battery charger could cause a fire or damage
to the wheelchair control system, the battery and/or the battery charger if no reverse polarity
protection is present.
5.2.3.2 Requirements
There shall be no safety hazard when the battery charger is connected to a battery set with reversed
polarity.
When battery chargers are tested in accordance with 5.2.3.3,
— the steady-state current that flows to discharge the battery shall not be greater than 100 mA,
— there shall be no damage to the battery charger, and
— following resetting and/or replacement of any circuit protection devices the battery charger shall
operate as specified by the manufacturer.
NOTE This requirement complements the requirement of IEC 60335-2-29 regarding reverse polarity
connection.
5.2.3.3 Test method
WARNING — These tests can be hazardous. It is essential that appropriate safety precautions
are taken to protect test personnel.
a) Add to the output cable of the battery charger a means to measure the current (4.1).
b) Make provision for connecting the battery charger to the test battery with reversed polarity.
c) With the battery charger disconnected from the supply mains, connect the battery to the battery
charger with reversed polarity.
d) Monitor the steady-state current in the output cable of the battery charger for a period of not
less than 1 min and record whether any steady-state current greater than 100 mA flows in the
output cable.
e) Disconnect the battery charger from the battery and examine the battery charger. Record any
damage.
f) If the battery charger is undamaged, reset and/or replace any circuit protection devices, if needed.
g) Connect the battery charger to the battery with no
...
PROJET DE NORME INTERNATIONALE
ISO/DIS 7176-25
ISO/TC 173/SC 1 Secrétariat: SABS
Début de vote: Vote clos le:
2021-04-06 2021-06-29
Fauteuils roulants —
Partie 25:
Batteries au plomb et chargeurs pour fauteuils roulants
motorisés — Exigences et méthodes d’essai
Wheelchairs —
Part 25: Lead-acid batteries and chargers for powered wheelchairs — Requirements and test methods
ICS: 11.180.10
CE DOCUMENT EST UN PROJET DIFFUSÉ POUR
OBSERVATIONS ET APPROBATION. IL EST DONC
SUSCEPTIBLE DE MODIFICATION ET NE PEUT
ÊTRE CITÉ COMME NORME INTERNATIONALE
AVANT SA PUBLICATION EN TANT QUE TELLE.
OUTRE LE FAIT D’ÊTRE EXAMINÉS POUR
ÉTABLIR S’ILS SONT ACCEPTABLES À DES
FINS INDUSTRIELLES, TECHNOLOGIQUES ET
COMMERCIALES, AINSI QUE DU POINT DE VUE
Le présent document est distribué tel qu’il est parvenu du secrétariat du comité.
DES UTILISATEURS, LES PROJETS DE NORMES
INTERNATIONALES DOIVENT PARFOIS ÊTRE
CONSIDÉRÉS DU POINT DE VUE DE LEUR
POSSIBILITÉ DE DEVENIR DES NORMES
POUVANT SERVIR DE RÉFÉRENCE DANS LA
RÉGLEMENTATION NATIONALE.
Numéro de référence
LES DESTINATAIRES DU PRÉSENT PROJET
ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(F)
SONT INVITÉS À PRÉSENTER, AVEC LEURS
OBSERVATIONS, NOTIFICATION DES DROITS
DE PROPRIÉTÉ DONT ILS AURAIENT
ÉVENTUELLEMENT CONNAISSANCE ET À
©
FOURNIR UNE DOCUMENTATION EXPLICATIVE. ISO 2021
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ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(F)
ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(F)
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos . v
Introduction . vi
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 2
4 Appareillage . 3
5 Chargeurs de batteries . 6
5.1 Sécurité électrique . 6
5.1.1 Généralités . 6
5.1.2 L’analyse des risques doit être effectuée conformément aux exigences de
l’ISO 14971. . 6
5.1.3 Méthodes d’essai . 6
5.2 Sécurité liée aux performances . 7
5.2.1 Généralités . 7
5.2.2 Connecteur de charge. 7
5.2.3 Connexion avec inversion de la polarité . 8
5.2.4 Décharge de la batterie . 9
5.2.5 Options du chargeur de batteries . 9
5.2.6 Charger un jeu de batteries défaillant . 10
5.3 Capacité de charge . 10
5.3.1 Généralités . 10
5.3.2 Exigences . 11
5.3.3 Préparation de l’essai . 12
5.3.4 Méthodes d’essai . 12
5.4 Compatibilité électromagnétique . 14
5.4.1 Généralités . 14
5.4.2 Exigences . 14
5.4.3 Méthodes d’essai . 14
5.5 Indicateurs . 14
5.5.1 Généralités . 14
5.5.2 Exigences . 14
5.5.3 Méthode d’essai . 14
6 Batteries . 15
6.1 Exigences de performances . 15
6.1.1 Endurance en cycles . 15
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
6.1.2 Conservation de charge . 15
6.2 Exigences de sécurité . 15
© ISO 2021
6.2.1 Exigences . 15
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en oeuvre, aucune partie de cette
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
6.2.2 Méthodes d’essai . 16
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
6.3 Marquage . 16
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
6.3.1 Méthode d’essai . 16
ISO copyright office
Case postale 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
7 Rapport d’essai . 16
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
7.1 Rapports d’essai relatifs aux chargeurs de batteries . 16
Tél.: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
E-mail: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Publié en Suisse
© ISO 2021 – Tous droits réservés iii
ii © ISO 2021 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(F)
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos . v
Introduction . vi
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 2
4 Appareillage . 3
5 Chargeurs de batteries . 6
5.1 Sécurité électrique . 6
5.1.1 Généralités . 6
5.1.2 L’analyse des risques doit être effectuée conformément aux exigences de
l’ISO 14971. . 6
5.1.3 Méthodes d’essai . 6
5.2 Sécurité liée aux performances . 7
5.2.1 Généralités . 7
5.2.2 Connecteur de charge. 7
5.2.3 Connexion avec inversion de la polarité . 8
5.2.4 Décharge de la batterie . 9
5.2.5 Options du chargeur de batteries . 9
5.2.6 Charger un jeu de batteries défaillant . 10
5.3 Capacité de charge . 10
5.3.1 Généralités . 10
5.3.2 Exigences . 11
5.3.3 Préparation de l’essai . 12
5.3.4 Méthodes d’essai . 12
5.4 Compatibilité électromagnétique . 14
5.4.1 Généralités . 14
5.4.2 Exigences . 14
5.4.3 Méthodes d’essai . 14
5.5 Indicateurs . 14
5.5.1 Généralités . 14
5.5.2 Exigences . 14
5.5.3 Méthode d’essai . 14
6 Batteries . 15
6.1 Exigences de performances . 15
6.1.1 Endurance en cycles . 15
6.1.2 Conservation de charge . 15
6.2 Exigences de sécurité . 15
6.2.1 Exigences . 15
6.2.2 Méthodes d’essai . 16
6.3 Marquage . 16
6.3.1 Méthode d’essai . 16
7 Rapport d’essai . 16
7.1 Rapports d’essai relatifs aux chargeurs de batteries . 16
© ISO 2021 – Tous droits réservés iii
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ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(F)
7.2 Rapports d’essai relatifs aux batteries . 17
8 Manuel d’utilisation . 18
8.1 Manuel d’utilisation relatif aux chargeurs de batteries . 18
8.2 Manuel d’utilisation relatif aux batteries . 19
9 Diffusion . 20
Annexe A (informative) Recommandations concernant l’endurance en cycles. 21
Bibliographie . 22
iv © ISO 2021 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(F)
Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l’ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le
droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’ISO participent également aux travaux.
L’ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier de prendre note des différents
critères d’approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2
(voir www.iso.org/directives).
L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l’objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant les
références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de
l’élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l’Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de
brevets reçues par l’ISO (voir www.iso.org/brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l’ISO liés à l’évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l’adhésion
de l’ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles
techniques au commerce (OTC), voir le lien suivant : www.iso.org/iso/fr/avant-propos.
Le présent document a été élaboré par le comité technique ISO/TC 173, Appareils et accessoires
fonctionnels pour les personnes handicapées, sous-comité SC 1, Fauteuils roulants.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition (ISO 7176.25:2013), qui a fait l’objet
d’une révision technique.
Les principales modifications par rapport à l’édition précédente sont les suivantes :
— xxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxx
Une liste de toutes les parties de la série ISO 7176 se trouve sur le site web de l’ISO.
Il convient que l’utilisateur adresse tout retour d’information ou toute question concernant le présent
document à l’organisme national de normalisation de son pays. Une liste exhaustive desdits organismes
se trouve à l’adresse www.iso.org/fr/members.html.
© ISO 2021 – Tous droits réservés v
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ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(F)
Introduction
Étant donné que la fiabilité et les performances d’un fauteuil roulant électrique dépendent du
fonctionnement, des performances et de la fiabilité du jeu de batteries et du chargeur de batteries, il est
important de s’assurer que les batteries et les chargeurs pour fauteuils roulants sont adaptés à l’usage
prévu et que le fauteuil roulant, les batteries et le chargeur sont compatibles. Il est également important
de s’assurer que les risques liés à l’utilisation des batteries de fauteuils roulants et de leurs chargeurs
sont éliminés ou réduits le plus possible. Par conséquent, il est essentiel que des exigences de
performance et des exigences de sécurité soient disponibles pour les batteries et les chargeurs de
batteries de fauteuils roulants.
Les chargeurs de batteries sont divisés en trois types : non intégré, portatif et intégré. Les conditions de
fonctionnement, de transport et de stockage pouvant varier selon le type, il est approprié de leur
appliquer des exigences différentes.
vi © ISO 2021 – Tous droits réservés
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PROJET DE NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(F)
Fauteuils roulants — Partie 25 : Batteries au plomb et
chargeurs pour fauteuils roulants motorisés — Exigences et
méthodes d’essai
AVERTISSEMENT — La présente partie de l’ISO 7176 prévoit l’utilisation de modes opératoires
susceptibles d’être dangereux pour la santé si des mesures adéquates ne sont pas prises. Elle ne
traite que de la pertinence technique et ne dispense nullement ceux qui effectuent ou qui
commandent les essais de leurs obligations légales en matière d’hygiène et de sécurité. Avant
d’effectuer des essais au cours desquels les batteries ou les chargeurs sont susceptibles de
présenter un comportement dangereux, il est recommandé que cette éventualité soit évaluée et
que des dispositions appropriées soient prises afin de réduire le risque le plus possible.
1 Domaine d’application
La présente Norme internationale spécifie les exigences et les méthodes d’essai relatives aux batteries
au plomb et à leurs chargeurs destinés à être utilisés avec des fauteuils roulants électriques. Les
exigences relatives aux chargeurs s’appliquent à ceux présentant une tension d’entrée assignée ne
dépassant pas 250 V en courant alternatif et une tension nominale de sortie ne dépassant pas 36 V.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants sont cités dans le texte de sorte qu’ils constituent, pour tout ou partie de leur
contenu, des exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique.
Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s’applique (y compris les
éventuels amendements).
ISO 7176-8, Fauteuils roulants — Partie 8 : Prescriptions et méthodes d’essai pour la résistance statique,
la résistance aux chocs et la résistance à la fatigue.
ISO 7176-21, Fauteuils roulants — Partie 21 : Exigences et méthodes d’essai pour la compatibilité des
fauteuils roulants électriques et scooters motorisés.
IEC 60254-1, Batteries d’accumulateurs de traction au plomb — Partie 1 : Exigences générales et
méthodes d’essais.
IEC 60254-2, Batteries d’accumulateurs de traction au plomb — Partie 2 : Dimensions des éléments et des
bornes et indication de la polarité sur les éléments.
IEC 60335-2-29, Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues — Sécurité — Partie 2-29 : Exigences
particulières pour les chargeurs de batterie.
IEC 60529, Degrés de protection procurés par les enveloppes (Code IP).
IEC 61076-2-103, Connecteurs pour équipements électroniques — Partie 2-103 : Connecteurs
circulaires — Spécification particulière pour une gamme de connecteurs multipolaires (type « XLR »).
© ISO 2021 – Tous droits réservés 1
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ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(F)
IEC 61430, Accumulateurs — Méthodes d’essai pour la vérification de la performance des dispositifs
conçus pour réduire les risques d’explosion — Batteries de démarrage au plomb.
ISO 14971, Dispositifs médicaux — Application de la gestion des risques aux dispositifs médicaux.
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions donnés dans l’ISO 7176-26 ainsi que les
suivants s’appliquent.
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en
normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes :
— ISO Online browsing platform : disponible à l’adresse https://www.iso.org/obp ;
— IEC Electropedia : disponible à l’adresse http://www.electropedia.org/.
3.1
batterie
un ou plusieurs éléments équipés des dispositifs nécessaires pour l’emploi, par exemple boîtier, bornes,
marquage et dispositifs de protection
[SOURCE : IEV 482-01-04]
3.2
batterie au plomb
batterie au dioxyde de plomb
batterie d’accumulateurs comprenant un électrolyte aqueux à base d’acide sulfurique dilué, une
électrode positive en bioxyde de plomb et une électrode négative en plomb
NOTE à l’article : Les batteries au plomb-bioxyde de plomb sont souvent appelées accumulateurs (déconseillé).
[SOURCE : IEV 482-05-01]
3.3
tension nominale
valeur approchée appropriée d’une tension, utilisée pour désigner ou identifier un élément, une
batterie, ou un système électrochimique
[SOURCE : IEV 482-03-31]
NOTE à l’article : Pour les batteries au plomb, la tension nominale est généralement égale à deux volts multipliés
par le nombre d’éléments.
3.4
courant continu assigné de sortie
courant de sortie attribué au chargeur de batteries par son fabricant
3.5
tension continue assignée de sortie
tension de sortie attribuée au chargeur de batteries par son fabricant
2 © ISO 2021 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(F)
3.6
tension d’entrée assignée
tension d’alimentation principale attribuée au chargeur de batteries par son fabricant
3.7
risque
source potentielle de blessure physique ou d’effet néfaste pour la santé de l’utilisateur, d’autres
personnes ou des animaux, ou pour l’environnement alentour, provenant directement du chargeur de
batteries ou de la batterie
NOTE à l’article : Adapté de l’IEC 60601-1.
3.8
C
5
capacité assignée de la batterie pour une durée de décharge de 5 h, exprimée en ampères-heures
NOTE 1 à l’article : C équivaut à C tel que défini dans l’IEC 60254-1.
5 N
NOTE 2 à l’article : L’IEC 60254-1 établit que la capacité nominale, C , est une valeur de référence fixée par le
N
fabricant, valable à une température d’élément/batterie de 25 °C, pour une durée de décharge de 5 h et une
tension de coupure U de 1,75 V par élément.
f
NOTE 3 à l’article : La capacité nominale, C , peut être différente de la capacité réelle de la batterie.
N
3.9
I
5
courant électrique (C / 5), exprimé en ampères
5
NOTE à l’article : La valeur numérique de C divisée par une valeur numérique de temps en heures donne une
5
valeur numérique de courant.
4 Appareillage
4.1 Appareil de mesure du courant moyen, capable de mesurer la moyenne arithmétique du
courant fourni par un chargeur de batteries avec une exactitude égale à 2 % de la mesure, et qui n’induit
pas de chute de tension (ajoutée à la tension au connecteur de sortie du chargeur de batteries)
supérieure à 0,2 % de la tension nominale de la batterie.
NOTE 1 L’appareil de mesure peut faire partie intégrante d’une charge électronique telle que spécifiée en 4.4.
NOTE 2 Il est important que le temps de moyennage de l’appareil de mesure coïncide avec les variations
cycliques du courant de charge.
4.2 Appareil de mesure du courant efficace, capable de mesurer le courant efficace fourni par un
chargeur de batteries avec une exactitude égale à 2 % de la mesure, et qui n’induit pas de chute de
tension supérieure à 0,2 % de la tension nominale de la batterie.
NOTE L’appareil de mesure peut faire partie intégrante d’une charge électronique telle que spécifiée en 4.4.
4.3 Voltmètre, capable de mesurer la tension fournie par un chargeur de batteries avec une
exactitude égale à 0,1 % de la mesure.
NOTE L’appareil de mesure peut faire partie intégrante d’une charge électronique telle que spécifiée en 4.4.
© ISO 2021 – Tous droits réservés 3
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ISO/DIS 7176-25:2021(F)
4.4 Charge électronique, permettant de simuler une batterie de manière à fournir les charges d’essai
pour les chargeurs de batteries relevant du domaine d’application de la présente norme.
EXEMPLE La Figure 1 représente le schéma de principe d’une charge électronique pouvant être utilisée en
mode tension constante ou en mode courant constant, munie de bornes pour la connexion aux bornes de sortie du
chargeur de batteries.
En mode tension constante (commutateur en position TC), le circuit maintient la tension globalement
constante entre les bornes de la charge tout en faisant passer le courant fourni par le chargeur de
batteries.
En mode tension constante, la tension aux bornes de la charge est donnée par :
RR12
V
REF _U
R2
En mode courant constant (commutateur en position IC), le circuit fait passer un courant globaleme
...
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