ISO/IEC 30145-2:2020
(Main)Information technology — Smart City ICT reference framework — Part 2: Smart city knowledge management framework
Information technology — Smart City ICT reference framework — Part 2: Smart city knowledge management framework
This document specifies a generic knowledge management framework for a smart city, focusing on creating, capturing, sharing, using and managing smart city knowledge. It also gives the key practices which are required to be implemented to safeguard the use of knowledge, such as interoperability of heterogeneous data and governance of multi-sources services within a smart city.
Technologies de l'information — Cadre de référence des TIC dans les villes intelligentes — Partie 2: Titre manque
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INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 30145-2
First edition
2020-10
Information technology — Smart City
ICT reference framework —
Part 2:
Smart city knowledge management
framework
Reference number
ISO/IEC 30145-2:2020(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2020
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 30145-2:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/IEC 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 30145-2:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Background . 3
5 Aims of the knowledge management framework . 3
6 Overview of the smart city knowledge management framework .3
7 ICT implementation components in the knowledge management framework .4
7.1 Smart city domain knowledge model . 4
7.1.1 Smart city related models . 4
7.1.2 Knowledge model construction technique . 4
7.2 Smart city knowledge management platform . 5
7.2.1 The platform of smart city knowledge management . 5
7.2.2 Smart city knowledge base and its interface . 5
7.2.3 Smart city knowledge acquisition and organization . 5
7.2.4 Smart city knowledge mining and analysis . 5
7.2.5 Smart city knowledge trustworthiness evaluation . 6
Annex A (informative) Use cases for a smart city knowledge management framework .7
Bibliography . 8
© ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO/IEC 30145-2:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that
are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through
technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of
technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other
international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also
take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents) or the IEC
list of patent declarations received (see http:// patents .iec .ch).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 30145 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC 30145-2:2020(E)
Introduction
0.1 General
The purpose of this document is to assist city chief information officers (CIO) and other stakeholders in
planning and implementing a smart city. It comprises the following three parts:
— Part 1: Smart city business process framework
— Part 2 (this document): Smart city knowledge management framework
— Part 3: Smart city engineering framework
Each of the three parts is aimed at a different role or viewpoint within the city and thus separate focus
needs to be maintained. The "separation of concerns" is a principle for the development of a city as it
uses ICT to deliver the vision and objectives for the city. The value of using the separation of concerns
is to simplify development and maintenance of the architecture as the city both develops and delivers
improved outcomes for the city stakeholders.
Figure 1 shows the components of the smart city ICT reference framework, which consist of
5 components: stakeholders, vision and outcomes, the business process framework, the knowledge
management framework, and the engineering framework. This document describes the knowledge
1)
management framework. The business process framework is described in ISO/IEC 30145-1:— and
stakeholders, vision and outcomes, and the engineering framework are described in ISO/IEC 30145-3
respectively.
1) Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1:2020.
© ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved v
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ISO/IEC 30145-2:2020(E)
Figure 1 — Smart city ICT reference framework
0.2 Stakeholders
The stakeholders served by the smart city ICT reference framework are businesses, citizens, government
organizations and non-government organizations. This stakeholder list is not exhaustive but defines
the key stakeholders in a smart city and the user for the smart city ICT reference framework.
0.3 Vision and outcomes
The motivation for making a city smart is a result of a shared vision and a set of agreed outcomes from
all of the city stakeholders. The vision and outcomes of the smart city ICT reference framework are
well-being, transparency, sustainability, economic development, efficiency and resilience, collaboration
and innovation. This vision and outcomes list is not exhaustive but defines the key vision and outcomes
of a smart city. The smart city ICT reference framework articulates a vision that the smart city will be
transparent in the delivery of city services which meet city sustainability ambitions. This vision uses
collaboration and innovation approaches to deliver desired city outcomes. City outcomes are expected
to improve efficiency and resilience of city services and promote economic development activities
which enhance the well-being of citizens.
vi © ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 30145-2:2020(E)
Information technology — Smart City ICT reference
framework —
Part 2:
Smart city knowledge management framework
1 Scope
This document specifies a generic knowledge management framework for a smart city, focusing on
creating, capturing, sharing, using and managing smart city knowledge. It also gives the key practices
which are required to be implemented to safeguard the use of knowledge, such as interoperability of
heterogeneous data and governance of multi-sources services within a smart city.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
data
reinterpretable representation of information in a formalized manner suitable for communication,
interpretation, or processing
Note 1 to entry: Data can be processed by humans or by automatic means.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015, 2121272, modified — Notes 2 and 3 to entry deleted.]
3.2
information
data (3.1) that are processed, organized and correlated to produce meaning
Note 1 to entry: Information concerns facts, concepts, objects, events, ideas, processes, etc.
3.3
knowledge
collection of facts, events, beliefs, and rules, organized for systematic use
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015, 2123771, modified — Notes 1 and 2 to entry deleted.]
© ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved 1
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ISO/IEC 30145-2:2020(E)
3.4
ontology
formal representation of phenomena of a universe of discourse with an underlying vocabulary including
definitions and axioms that make the intended meaning explicit and describe phenomena and their
relationships
[SOURCE: ISO 19101-1:2014, 4.1.26]
3.5
management
coordinated activities to direct and control an organization
Note 1 to entry: Management can include establishing policies and objectives, and processes to meet these
objectives.
3.6
smart city
city that increases the pace at which it provides social, economic and environmental sustainability
outcomes and responds to challenges such as climate change, rapid population growth, and political
and economic instability by fundamentally improving how it engages society, applies collaborative
leadership methods, works across disciplines and city systems, and uses data (3.1) information (3.2)
and modern technologies to deliver better services and quality of life to those in the city (residents,
businesses, visitors), now and for the foreseeable future, without unfair disadvantage of others or
degradation of the natural environment
Note 1 to entry: A smart city also faces the challenge of respecting planetary boundaries and taking into account
the limitations these boundaries impose.
Note 2 to entry: There are numerous definitions of a smart city; however, the definition that is used within
TC 268 is the official one agreed to by the ISO/IEC Technical Management Board.
[SOURCE: ISO 37122:2019, 3.4]
3.7
knowledge management
combination of processes, actions, methodologies and solutions that enable the creation, maintenance,
distribution and access to knowledge (3.3)
[SOURCE: ISO 30400:2016, 14.1, modified — deleted 'organizational'.]
3.8
information and communication technology
ICT
technology for gathering, storing, retrieving, processing, analysing and transmitting information (3.2)
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 9241-20:2008, 3.4, modified — replaced '/' by 'and' in the term.]
3.9
trustworthiness
ability to meet stakeholders' expectations in a verifiable way
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the context or sector, and also on the specific product or service, data (3.1) and
technology used, different characteristics apply and require verification to ensure stakeholders' expectations
are met.
Note 2 to entry: Characteristics of trustworthiness include, for instance, reliability, availability, resilience,
security, privacy, safety, accountability, transparency, integrity, authenticity, quality, usability and accuracy.
Note 3 to entry: Trustworthiness is an attribute that can be applied to services, products, technology, data (3.1)
and information (3.2) as well as, in the context of governance, to organizations.
2 © ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC 30145-2:2020(E)
3.10
city model
set of data (3.1) which models those physical and social aspects of the city that are relevant for its
objectives
Note 1 to entry: Preference should be given to city models that conform to open standards.
4 Background
The sharing of data and services for the benefit of all stakeholders is a fundamental requirement of
smart city applications and operations. A smart city consists of organizations from all sectors (public
and private)
...
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/IEC DIS 30145-2
ISO/IEC JTC 1 Secretariat: ANSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2020-03-24 2020-06-16
Information technology — Smart City ICT reference
framework —
Part 2:
Smart city knowledge management framework
ICS: 13.020.20; 35.240.99
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/IEC DIS 30145-2:2020(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO/IEC 2020
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/IEC DIS 30145-2:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/IEC 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/IEC DIS 30145-2:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Background . 3
5 Aims of the knowledge management framework . 3
6 Overview of the smart city knowledge management framework .3
7 ICT implementation components in the knowledge management framework .4
7.1 Smart city domain knowledge model . 4
7.1.1 Smart city related models . 4
7.1.2 Knowledge model construction technique . 4
7.2 Smart city knowledge management platform . 5
7.2.1 The platform of smart city knowledge management . 5
7.2.2 Smart city knowledge base and its interface . 5
7.2.3 Smart city knowledge acquisition and organization . 5
7.2.4 Smart city knowledge mining and analysis . 5
7.2.5 Smart city knowledge trustworthiness evaluation . 6
Annex A (informative) Use cases for a smart city knowledge management framework .7
Bibliography . 8
© ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO/IEC DIS 30145-2:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO/IEC (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national
standards bodies (ISO/IEC member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally
carried out through ISO/IEC technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee.
International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO/IEC, also take
part in the work. ISO/IEC collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
— The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of ISO/IEC documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance
with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www .iso .org/ directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO/IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details
of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/
or on the ISO/IEC list of patent declarations received. www .iso .org/ patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO/IEC specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO/IEC's adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1.
iv © ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/IEC DIS 30145-2:2020(E)
Introduction
0.1 General
The purpose of this document, smart city ICT Reference Framework, is to assist city Chief Information
Officers (CIO) and other stakeholders in planning and implementing a smart city. It comprises the
following three parts:
— Part 1: Smart City Business Process Framework
— Part 2: Smart City Knowledge Management Framework
— Part 3: Smart City Engineering Framework
Each of the three parts are each aimed at a different role or viewpoint within the city and thus separate
focus needs to be maintained. The "separation of concerns" is a principle for the development of a city as
it uses ICT to deliver the vision and objectives for the city. The value of using the separation of concerns
is to simplify development and maintenance of the architecture as the city both develops and delivers
improved outcomes for the city stakeholders.
Figure 1 — Smart City ICT Reference Framework
Figure 1 shows the components of the smart city ICT reference framework which consist of 5
components: stakeholders, vision and outcomes, business process framework, knowledge management
framework, and engineering framework. This document describes the Knowledge Management
Framework. The Business Process Framework and the Engineering Framework are described in Part
1 and Part 3 respectively. While stakeholders, vision and outcomes, and engineering framework are
described in ISO/IEC 30145-3 and the business process framework is described in ISO/IEC 30145-1,
knowledge management framework is described in this document.
© ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved v
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ISO/IEC DIS 30145-2:2020(E)
0.2 Stakeholders
The stakeholders served by the smart city ICT Reference Framework are businesses, citizens,
government organizations and non-government organizations. This stakeholder list is not exhaustive
but defines the key stakeholders in a smart city and the user for the smart city ICT reference framework.
0.3 Vision and Outcomes
The motivation for making a city smart is a result of a shared vision and a set of agreed outcomes from
all the city stakeholders. The vision and outcomes of the smart city ICT Reference Framework are Well-
being, Transparency, Sustainability, Economic Development, Efficiency & Resilience, Collaboration and
Innovation. This vision and outcomes list are not exhaustive but defines the key vision and outcomes
of a smart city. The smart city ICT Reference Framework articulates a vision that the smart city will be
transparent in the delivery of city services which meet city sustainability ambitions. This vision uses
collaboration and innovation approaches to deliver desired city outcomes. City outcomes are expected
to improve efficiency and resilience of city services and promote economic development activities
which enhance the well-being of citizens.
vi © ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC DIS 30145-2:2020(E)
Information technology — Smart City ICT reference
framework —
Part 2:
Smart city knowledge management framework
1 Scope
This document specifies a generic knowledge management framework for a smart city focusing on
smart city knowledge creating, capturing, sharing, using and managing. It also gives the key practices
which are needed to be implemented to ensure the use of knowledge, such as interoperability of
heterogeneous data and governance of multi-sources services within a smart city.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references to this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
data
reinterpretable representation of information in a formalized manner suitable for communication,
interpretation, or processing
Note 1 to entry: Data can be processed by humans or by automatic means.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015]
3.2
information
data (3.1) that are processed, organized and correlated to produce meaning
Note 1 to entry: Information concerns facts, concepts, objects, events, ideas, processes, etc.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 22320:2011, 3.9]
3.3
knowledge
collection of facts, events, beliefs, and rules, organized for systematic use
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015]
© ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/IEC DIS 30145-2:2020(E)
3.4
ontology
formal representation of phenomena of a universe of discourse with an underlying vocabulary including
definitions and axioms that make the intended meaning explicit and describe phenomena and their
relationships
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 19101-1:2014, 4.1.26]
3.5
management
coordinated activities to direct and control an organization
Note 1 to entry: Management can include establishing policies and objectives, and processes to meet these
objectives.
3.6
smart city
city that increases the pace at which it provides social, economic and environmental sustainability
outcomes and responds to challenges such as climate change, rapid population growth, and political
and economic instability by fundamentally improving how it engages society, applies collaborative
leadership methods, works across disciplines and city systems, and uses data information and modern
technologies to deliver better services and quality of life to those in the city (residents, businesses,
visitors), now and for the foreseeable future, without unfair disadvantage of others or degradation of
the natural environment
Note 1 to entry: A smart city also faces the challenge of respecting planetary boundaries and taking into account
the limitations these boundaries impose.
Note 2 to entry: There are numerous definitions of a smart city; however, the definition that is used within TC268
is the official one agreed to by the ISO/IEC Technical Management Board.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 37122:2019, 3.4]
3.7
knowledge management
combination of processes, actions, methodologies and solutions that enable the creation, maintenance,
distribution and access to knowledge
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 30400:2016, 14.1, modified – deleted 'organizational']
3.8
information and communication technology(ICT)
technology for gathering, storing, retrieving, processing, analysing and transmitting information
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 9241-20:2008, 3.4, modified – replaced '/' by 'and' in the term]
3.9
trustworthiness
Trustworthiness corresponds to the ability to meet stakeholders expectations in a verifiable way.
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the context or sector, and also on the specific product or service, data, and technology
used, different characteristics apply and need verification to ensure stakeholders expectations are met.
Note 2 to entry: Characteristics of trustworthiness include, for instance, reliability, availability, resilience,
security, privacy, safety, accountability, transparency, integrity, authenticity, quality, usability, and accuracy.
Note 3 to entry: Trustworthiness is an attribute that can be applied to services, products, technology, data and
information as well as, in the contex
...
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