ISO/IEC 24730-2:2012

Information technology — Real time locating systems (RTLS) — Part 2: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol

ISO/IEC 24730-2:2012 is comprised of this main document and two additional parts, ISO/IEC 24730-21 and ISO/IEC 24730-22, and defines a networked location system that provides X-Y coordinates and data telemetry. The system utilizes real-time locating systems (RTLS) transmitters that autonomously generate a direct sequence spread spectrum radio frequency beacon. These devices can be field programmable and support an optional exciter mode that allows modification of the rate of location update and location of the RTLS device. ISO/IEC 24730-2 defines these modes, but does not define the means by which they are accomplished.

Technologies de l'information — Systèmes de localisation en temps réel (RTLS) — Partie 2: Protocole d'interface d'air à 2,4 GHz d'étalement de spectre à séquence directe (DSSS)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-May-2012
• ICS: 35.040 - Information coding
• ICS: 35.040.50 - Automatic identification and data capture techniques
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31 - Automatic identification and data capture techniques
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4 - Radio communications
• Current Stage: 9093 - International Standard confirmed
• Completion Date: 11-Jun-2023

Relations

• Revised: ISO/IEC 24730-21:2012 - Information technology — Real time locating systems (RTLS) — Part 21: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol: Transmitters operating with a single spread code and employing a DBPSK data encoding and BPSK spreading scheme
• Effective Date: 24-Apr-2010
• Revised: ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012 - Information technology — Real time locating systems (RTLS) — Part 22: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol: Transmitters operating with multiple spread codes and employing a QPSK data encoding and Walsh offset QPSK (WOQPSK) spreading scheme
• Effective Date: 24-Apr-2010
• Revised: ISO/IEC 24730-2:2006 - Information technology — Real-time locating systems (RTLS) — Part 2: 2,4 GHz air interface protocol
• Effective Date: 28-Feb-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 24730-2
Second edition
2012-06-01


Information technology — Real time
locating systems (RTLS) —
Part 2:
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
(DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol
Technologies de l'information — Systèmes de localisation en temps réel
(RTLS) —
Partie 2: Protocole d'interface d'air à 2,4 GHz d'étalement de spectre à
séquence directe (DSSS)




Reference number
ISO/IEC 24730-2:2012(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2012

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ISO/IEC 24730-2:2012(E)

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©  ISO/IEC 2012
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ii © ISO/IEC 2012 – All rights reserved

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ISO/IEC 24730-2:2012(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC 24730-2 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques.
This second edition of ISO/IEC 24730-2, together with ISO/IEC 24730-21 and ISO/IEC 24730-22, cancels and
replaces the first edition of ISO/IEC 24730-2:2006, which has been technically revised.
ISO/IEC 24730 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology — Real time
locating systems (RTLS):
 Part 1: Application program interface (API)
 Part 2: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol
 Part 21: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol: Transmitters operating
with a single spread code and employing a DBPSK data encoding and BPSK spreading scheme
 Part 22: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol: Transmitters operating
with multiple spread codes and employing a QPSK data encoding and Walsh offset QPSK (WOQPSK)
spreading scheme
 Part 5: Chirp spread spectrum (CSS) at 2,4 GHz air interface
 Part 6: Ultra Wide Band Air Interface protocol
 Part 61: Low rate pulse repetition frequency Ultra Wide Band (UWB) air interface
 Part 62: High rate pulse repetition frequency Ultra Wide Band (UWB) air interface
© ISO/IEC 2012 – All rights reserved iii

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ISO/IEC 24730-2:2012(E)
Introduction
ISO/IEC 24730 defines a single application program interface (API) for real time locating systems (RTLs) for
use in asset management and is intended to allow for compatibility and to encourage interoperability of
products for the growing RTLS market. ISO/IEC 24730 also defines two air interface protocols, as follows:
ISO/IEC 24730-2, based on a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) and ISO/IEC 24730-5, based on a
chirp spread spectrum (CSS) technique.
This part of ISO/IEC 24730, the direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol,
establishes a technical standard for real time locating systems that operate at an internationally available
2,4 GHz frequency band and is intended to provide approximate location with frequent updates (for example,
several times a minute). In order to be compliant with this part of ISO/IEC 24730, compliance with
ISO/IEC 24730-1 is also required.
Real time locating systems are wireless systems with the ability to locate the position of an item anywhere in a
defined space (local/campus, wide area/regional, global) at a point in time that is, or is close to, present time.
Position is derived by measurements of the physical properties of the radio link.
This part of ISO/IEC 24730 specifies the air interface for a system that locates an asset in a controlled area,
e.g. warehouse, campus and airport, with accuracy to 3 m or less.
There are two additional methods of locating an object which are really RFID rather than RTLS:
 locating an asset by virtue of the fact that the asset has passed point A at a certain time and has not
passed point B;
 locating an asset by virtue of providing a homing beacon whereby a person with a handheld device can
find an asset.
The method of location is through identification and location, generally through multi-lateration. The different
types are
 Time of Arrival (ToA) / Time of Flight Ranging Systems,
 Amplitude / Received Signal Strength Triangulation,
 Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA), and
 Angle of Arrival (AoA).
This part of ISO/IEC 24730 defines the air interface protocol needed for the creation of an RTLS system.
Although there are many types of location algorithms that could be used, one example of a location algorithm
is provided in Annex A of ISO/IEC 24730-21.
ISO/IEC 24730-22 defines the air interface protocol needed for the reader synchronization essential for the
location method based on timing information, such as Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA).
Although there are many types of reader synchronization methods that could be used, an example of RTLS
reader synchronization is provided in Annex A of ISO/IEC 24730-22.

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 24730-2:2012(E)

Information technology — Real time locating systems (RTLS) —
Part 2:
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface
protocol
1 Scope
This part of ISO/IEC 24730 is comprised of this main document and two additional parts, ISO/IEC 24730-21
and ISO/IEC 24730-22, and defines a networked location system that provides X-Y coordinates and data
telemetry. The system utilizes real time locating systems (RTLS) transmitters that autonomously generate a
direct sequence spread spectrum radio frequency beacon. These devices can be field programmable and
support an optional exciter mode that allows modification of the rate of location update and location of the
RTLS device. This part of ISO/IEC 24730 defines these modes, but does not define the means by which they
are accomplished.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 24730-1, Information technology — Real time locating systems (RTLS) — Part 1: Application
program interface (API)
ISO/IEC 18000-4:2008, Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management —
Part 4: Parameters for air interface communications at 2,45 GHz
ISO/IEC 19762-1, Information technology — Automa
...