ISO 20298-1:2018

Fine bubble technology - Sampling and sample preparation for measurement - Part 1: Ultrafine bubble dispersion in water

This document specifies procedures and requirements for sampling and sample preparation of ultrafine bubble dispersions in water. This document is applicable to relatively stable dispersions where the size and number of bubbles are relatively constant for the duration of the sampling, sample preparation and measurement. This document is not applicable to less stable fine bubble dispersions or microbubble dispersions.

Technologie des fines bulles — Échantillonnage et préparation des échantillons pour la réalisation de mesures — Partie 1: Dispersion de bulles ultrafines dans l'eau

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 12-Nov-2018
• ICS: 07.030 - Physics. Chemistry
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 281 - Fine bubble technology
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 281/WG 2 - Fine bubble characterization and measurement
• Current Stage: 9093 - International Standard confirmed
• Start Date: 28-Oct-2024
• Completion Date: 13-Dec-2025

Overview

ISO 20298-1:2018 - Fine bubble technology - Sampling and sample preparation for measurement - Part 1: Ultrafine bubble dispersion in water specifies standardized procedures for sampling, sample preparation, and record keeping for ultrafine bubble dispersions (UFBD) in water. The standard targets relatively stable ultrafine bubble systems where bubble size and number concentration remain essentially constant during sampling, preparation and measurement. It excludes less-stable fine bubble and microbubble dispersions.

Key topics and requirements

• Scope and applicability: Applies only to stable ultrafine bubble dispersion in water; not for microbubble dispersions.
• Terms and definitions: Defines UFBD, fine bubble dispersion (FBD), microbubble dispersion (MBD), and water diluent (blank/known UF bubble concentration).
• Apparatus and cleaning:
  • Required equipment: tank, closed sample container, pipette, motor-driven stirrer (≈50–200 rpm), motor-driven drum roller (≈10–20 rpm).
  • Cleaning: rinse tank with water diluent; rinse container, pipette and stirrer with UFBD or water diluent.
• Sampling procedure:
  • Static (tank) sampling only - not for flowing samples.
  • Use pipette to transfer slowly; flow sample down the inside wall; do not add the last pipette drop (avoid introducing large bubbles).
  • Consider aspirating speed influence on UFBD characteristics to estimate measurement uncertainty.
• Sample preparation:
  • Establish homogeneity in containers before measurement (Annex A). Avoid over-stirring; stirring >200 rpm can affect number concentration.
  • Dilution using water diluent when UFBD concentration exceeds instrument dynamic range. Use calibrated balances or volumetric glassware and homogenize diluted samples (Annex B provides an example dilution and calibration procedure using linear regression to extrapolate original number concentration).
• Records: Must document sample identity and chemistry, sampling site/environment/date/procedure/operator, and sample preparation site/environment/date/procedure/operator.

Applications and users

ISO 20298-1 is practical for laboratories, QC teams, instrument manufacturers, researchers and process engineers working in:

• Fine bubble technology R&D
• Aquaculture, agriculture, cleaning and water treatment applications where ultrafine bubbles improve performance
• Metrology labs validating measurement methods for bubble size, bubble number concentration, and stability Users benefit from reproducible sampling, minimized artefacts, and traceable records that improve measurement confidence.

Related standards

• ISO 20480-1 - Fine bubble technology - General principles / terminology
• ISO 21255 - Storage and transportation of ultrafine bubble dispersion in water
• ISO 123 - Sampling (referenced for homogenization methods)
• ISO/IEC Guide 98-1 - Uncertainty of measurement

Keywords: ISO 20298-1, ultrafine bubble, fine bubble technology, sampling, sample preparation, UFBD dilution, homogeneity, water diluent, measurement.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20298-1
First edition
2018-11
Fine bubble technology — Sampling
and sample preparation for
measurement —
Part 1:
Ultrafine bubble dispersion in water
Technologie des fines bulles — Échantillonnage et préparation des
échantillons pour la réalisation de mesures —
Partie 1: Dispersion de bulles ultrafines dans l'eau
Reference number
©
ISO 2018
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Liquids for sampling and sample preparation . 2
5 Sampling . 2
5.1 General . 2
5.2 Apparatus . 2
5.3 Cleaning of apparatus . 2
5.4 Sampling procedure . 2
6 Sample preparation . 3
7 Records . 3
Annex A (informative) Homogeneity . 4
Annex B (informative) Example of procedure to dilute UFBD and related record .6
Bibliography . 8
Foreword
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 281, Fine bubble technology.
A list of all the parts in the ISO 20480 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
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iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

Introduction
Fine bubble technologies offer performance enhancement in a number of processes and applications
such as cleaning, aquaculture and agriculture.
Characterization of ultrafine bubbles is critical to the further development of industrial applications. A
number of characteristics such as bubble size, bubble number stability, bubble number concentration
as well as other physical and chemical characteristics are important in such applications. In order to
provide a verifiable characterization platform for these applications, a set of sampling and sample
preparation procedures has been developed. This approach results in the most reliable correlation
between the characteristics of the fine bubbles in dispersion and their application effectiveness.
It is commonly accepted that the sample preparation technique will depend on the characterization
technique used.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20298-1:2018(E)
Fine bubble technology — Sampling and sample
preparation for measurement —
Part 1:
Ultrafine bubble dispersion in water
1 Scope
This document specifies procedures and requirements for sampling and sample preparation of ultrafine
bubble dispersions in water.
This document is applicable to relatively stable dispersions where the size and number of bubbles are
relatively constant for the duration of the sampling, sample preparation and measurement.
This document is not applicable to less stable fine bubble dispersions or microbubble dispersions.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 20480-1, Fine bubble technology — General principles for usage and measurement of fine bubbles —
Part 1: Terminology
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 20480-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
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