ISO 21927-1:2008
(Main)Smoke and heat control systems — Part 1: Specification for smoke barriers
Smoke and heat control systems — Part 1: Specification for smoke barriers
ISO 21927-1:2008 specifies the product performance requirements, classifications and test methods for smoke barriers, which comprise the barrier itself, with or without associated activation and drive devices, designed for use in smoke and heat control systems. ISO 21927-1:2008 provides the test methods for, and conformity assessment of, the smoke barrier systems. It covers only barriers installed in buildings; it does not cover barriers made of part of the building's structure. Smoke barriers are only covered by ISO 21927-1:2008 when calculation methods exist for the determination of the leakage rate of smoke. This requires the smoke barriers to be sufficiently fixed and guided on any free joints between two adjacent smoke barriers. An example is given of a design to which ISO 21927-1:2008 does not apply.
Systèmes pour le contrôle des fumées et de la chaleur — Partie 1: Spécifications des écrans de fumée
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 21927-1
First edition
2008-01-15
Smoke and heat control systems —
Part 1:
Specification for smoke barriers
Systèmes pour le contrôle des fumées et de la chaleur —
Partie 1: Spécifications des écrans de fumée
Reference number
©
ISO 2008
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ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 Symbols .4
5 Product requirements .5
5.1 General.5
5.2 Barrier types.5
5.3 Auxiliary power supply .6
5.4 Smoke (fire effluent) leakage.6
5.5 Reliability.7
5.6 Response time .7
6 Performance requirements and classifications.7
6.1 General.7
6.2 Temperature/time classification.7
6.3 Reliability and durability of smoke barriers.8
6.4 Response time of active smoke barriers.9
6.5 Smoke leakage (containment efficiency) .9
7 Conformity assessment .15
7.1 General.15
7.2 Initial type testing .16
7.3 Factory production control (FPC) .16
8 Installation .17
9 Maintenance .18
10 Marking and labelling .18
Annex A (normative) General testing requirements.19
Annex B (normative) Reliability and response time tests.21
Annex C (normative) Permeability of materials to smoke .23
Annex D (normative) Temperature/time resistance tests .24
Annex E (informative) Deflection of smoke barriers.29
Annex F (normative) Special classification categories at 300 °C .36
Bibliography .37
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 21927-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 21, Equipment for fire protection and fire fighting,
Subcommittee SC 11, Smoke and heat control systems and components.
ISO 21927 consists of the following parts, under the general title Smoke and heat control systems:
⎯ Part 1: Specification for smoke barriers
⎯ Part 2: Specification for natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators
⎯ Part 3: Specification for powered smoke and heat exhaust ventilators
A Part 4, dealing with specifications for smoke ducts, a Part 5, dealing with specifications for smoke dampers,
a Part 6, dealing with specifications for control panels and a part 7, dealing with specifications or guidelines for
power supplies are planned.
iv © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
Introduction
General
Smoke and heat exhaust ventilation systems (SHEVS) create a smoke-free layer above the floor by removing
smoke and heat and thus improve the conditions for the safe escape and/or rescue of people and animals and
the protection of property and permit the fire to be fought while still in its early stages.
The use of smoke and heat exhaust ventilation systems to create smoke-free areas beneath a buoyant smoke
layer has become widespread. Their value in assisting in the evacuation of people from construction works,
reducing fire damage and financial loss by preventing smoke logging, facilitating fire fighting, reducing roof
temperatures and retarding the lateral spread of fire is firmly established. To obtain these benefits, it is
essential that SHEVS operate fully and reliably whenever called upon to do so during their installed life. A
SHEVS is a scheme of safety equipment intended to perform a positive role in a fire emergency.
It is important that the components for smoke and heat exhaust systems be installed as part of a properly
designed smoke and heat exhaust system.
SHEVS help to
⎯ keep the escape and access routes free from smoke,
⎯ facilitate fire fighting operations by creating a smoke-free layer,
⎯ delay and/or prevent flashover and thus full development of the fire,
⎯ protect equipment and furnishings and contents,
⎯ reduce thermal effects on structural components during a fire,
⎯ reduce damage caused by thermal decomposition products and hot gases.
For the purpose of this part of ISO 21927, a smoke barrier is deemed to be any form of barrier to the
movement of fire effluent.
Smoke barriers control the movement of fire effluent within a construction works in the event of fire. Smoke
barriers, when used within a smoke and heat control system, become a critical element of that system. If
smoke barriers are not in their fire-operational position, the system does not perform as designed. However,
even in the event that other elements of the SHEVS do not function, smoke barriers in the fire operational
position provide essential smoke containment and channelling.
This part of ISO 21927 applies to smoke barriers used within smoke and heat control systems, which include
other equipment, e. g. natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators (ISO 21927-2) and powered smoke and
heat exhaust ventilators (ISO 21927-3). Smoke barriers perform within specific time/temperature ranges.
Function of smoke barriers
The function of smoke barriers is to control the movement of fire effluent within construction works by forming
a barrier. The functions of active or manually deployed smoke barriers are identical to those of static smoke
barriers, but they also can be retracted and concealed when not in use.
Typical functions of smoke barriers are to
⎯ create a smoke reservoir by containing and limiting the travel of the smoke;
⎯ channel smoke in a pre-determined direction;
⎯ prevent or retard smoke entry to another area or void.
Applications of smoke barriers
The primary applications of smoke barriers are listed below. However, as their application becomes more
widespread, it is inevitable they will be put to a wider variety of uses. It is important to note that, within the
scope of this part of ISO 21927, smoke barriers can contain smoke and gases in excess of 600 °C but are not
intended to perform the same function as fire doors and shutters tested in accordance with ISO 3008 or
smoke-control doors tested in accordance with ISO 5925-1.
Typical applications for smoke barriers are as
⎯ smoke reservoir boundaries,
⎯ channelling screens,
⎯ void edge screens,
⎯ void sealing screens,
⎯ corridor containment,
⎯ shop unit containment,
⎯ escalator containment,
⎯ stairwell containment,
⎯ elevator well containment.
Types of smoke barrier
Construction-works elements can be used to create static smoke barriers and they can be augmented by
smoke barriers covered by this part of ISO 21927.
This part of ISO 21927 applies to the following types of smoke barriers:
⎯ static smoke barriers (SSB),
⎯ active smoke barriers (ASB).
A wide range of different materials can be used to create smoke barriers. Typical materials used for static
smoke barriers include fabric, glass, metal, fire-resisting board, fibreglass and mineral wool or any
impermeable material capable of resisting smoke at temperatures required by the design.
Typical examples of active smoke barriers include roller, pleated, folding, hinged or sliding, using the types of
material as described for static smoke barriers.
Static and active smoke barriers are categorized by type and performance in Clause 5.
In addition, an ASB product is deemed to include all controlling equipment, etc. This does not include external
controls, for example a fire alarm or a sprinkler flow switch.
vi © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21927-1:2008(E)
Smoke and heat control systems —
Part 1:
Specification for smoke barriers
1 Scope
This part of ISO 21927 specifies the product performance requirements, classifications and test methods for
smoke barriers, which comprise the barrier itself, with or without associated activation and drive devices,
designed for use in smoke and heat control systems. It covers only barriers installed in buildings, i.e. it does
not cover barriers made of part of the building’s structure. This part of ISO 21927 provides the test methods
for, and conformity assessment of, the smoke barrier systems.
Smoke barriers are only covered by this part of ISO 21927 when calculation methods exist for the
determination of the lea
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