ISO 18061:2014
(Main)Fine Ceramics (Advanced Ceramics, Advanced Technical Ceramics) — Determination of antiviral activity of semiconducting photocatalytic materials — Test method using bacteriophage Q-beta
Fine Ceramics (Advanced Ceramics, Advanced Technical Ceramics) — Determination of antiviral activity of semiconducting photocatalytic materials — Test method using bacteriophage Q-beta
ISO 18061:2014 specifies a test method for the determination of the antiviral activity of materials that contain photocatalytic materials or have photocatalytic films on the surface, by enumerating the destruction of bacteriophage Q-beta after irradiation of ultraviolet light. It is intended for use with different kinds of semiconducting photocatalytic materials used in construction materials, in flat sheet, board, or plate shape that are the basic forms of materials for various applications. It does not include powder, granular, or porous photocatalytic materials. It is applicable to photocatalytic materials produced for an antiviral application. Other types of performance of photocatalytic materials, i.e. antibacterial activity, antifungal activity, decomposition of water contaminants, self-cleaning, antifogging, and air purification, are not determined by the test method.
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 18061
First edition
2014-06-01
Fine Ceramics (Advanced Ceramics,
Advanced Technical Ceramics) —
Determination of antiviral activity
of semiconducting photocatalytic
materials — Test method using
bacteriophage Q-beta
Céramiques techniques — Détermination de l’activité antivirale des
matériaux photocatalytiques semi-conducteurs — Méthode d’essai
utilisant le bactériophage Q-beta
Reference number
©
ISO 2014
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols . 2
5 Principle . 3
6 Materials . 3
6.1 Strains and preparation for tests . 3
6.2 Media . 5
7 Apparatus and equipment . 6
7.1 Test equipment . 6
7.2 Cover film . 7
7.3 Moisture preservation glass plate . 7
7.4 Glass tube or glass rod . 7
7.5 Paper filter . 7
7.6 Fluorescent ultraviolet lamp . 8
7.7 UV radiometer . 8
7.8 Punched metal sheet . 8
7.9 Centrifuge . 9
7.10 Sterilized syringe filter unit . 9
8 Test piece . 9
9 Procedure.10
9.1 General .10
9.2 Procedure for preparation of bacteria suspension .10
9.3 Procedure of preparation of test bacteriophage solution .10
9.4 Procedure of test for photocatalytic antiviral activity .11
9.5 UV irradiation condition .11
9.6 Measurement of titre of bacteriophage .12
10 Calculation .13
10.1 General .13
10.2 Calculate titre of bacteriophage .13
10.3 Test requirement fulfilment validation .13
10.4 Photocatalyst antiviral activity value calculation.14
10.5 Antiviral activity value calculation without photocatalyst .15
11 Test report .15
Annex A (informative) Reference data of comparison between influenza virus and
bacteriophage Q-beta .16
Annex B (informative) Comparison of photocatalytic activities determined using ATCC23631-B1
and NBRC20012 .18
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics.
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This International Standard applies to testing the antiviral activity of photocatalytic ceramics and
other materials produced by either coating or mixing of a photocatalyst. The International Standard
for testing the antibacterial activity that use photocatalytic materials has been published as ISO 27447.
The International Standard for testing the antifungal activity that use photocatalytic materials has also
been published as ISO 13125.
The test method for cloths or textiles is not included in this International Standard because of lack of
photocatalytic cloths or textiles with antiviral activity using photocatalytic activity. When photocatalytic
cloths or textiles with antiviral activity using photocatalytic activity have been developed, a test method
for photocatalytic cloths or textiles will be proposed with the glass adhesion method in ISO 27447.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18061:2014(E)
Fine Ceramics (Advanced Ceramics, Advanced Technical
Ceramics) — Determination of antiviral activity of
semiconducting photocatalytic materials — Test method
using bacteriophage Q-beta
WARNING — Only personnel trained in microbiological techniques should carry out tests.
1 Scope
The test method in this International Standard specifies the determination of the antiviral activity
of materials that contain photocatalytic materials or have photocatalytic films on the surface, by
enumerating the destruction of bacteriophage Q-beta after irradiation of ultraviolet light.
NOTE In this test method, the surrogate microbe is bacteriophage Q-beta, intended as a model for Influenza
viruses.
The test method in this International Standard is intended for use with different kinds of semiconducting
photocatalytic materials used in construction materials, in flat sheet, board, or plate shape that are
the basic forms of materials for various applications. It does not include powder, granular, or porous
photocatalytic materials.
The test method in this International Standard is applicable to photocatalytic materials produced
for an antiviral application. Other types of performance of photocatalytic materials, i.e. antibacterial
activity, antifungal activity, decomposition of water contaminants, self-cleaning, antifogging, and air
purification, are not determined by this test method.
The values expressed in this International Standard are in accordance with the International System of
Units (SI).
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 10677, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Ultraviolet light source for
testing semiconducting photocatalytic materials
ISO 27447, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Test method for antibacterial
activity of semiconducting photocatalytic materials
ISO 80000-1, Quantities and units — Part 1: General
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
photocatalyst
substance that carries out many functions based on oxidization and reduction reactions under
photoirradiation, including decomposition and removal of air and water contaminants, deodorization,
and antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, self-cleaning, and antifogging actions
3.2
photocatalytic materials
materials in which, or on
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 18061
First edition
2014-06-01
Fine Ceramics (Advanced Ceramics,
Advanced Technical Ceramics) —
Determination of antiviral activity
of semiconducting photocatalytic
materials — Test method using
bacteriophage Q-beta
Céramiques techniques — Détermination de l’activité antivirale des
matériaux photocatalytiques semi-conducteurs — Méthode d’essai
utilisant le bactériophage Q-beta
Reference number
©
ISO 2014
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols . 2
5 Principle . 3
6 Materials . 3
6.1 Strains and preparation for tests . 3
6.2 Media . 5
7 Apparatus and equipment . 6
7.1 Test equipment . 6
7.2 Cover film . 7
7.3 Moisture preservation glass plate . 7
7.4 Glass tube or glass rod . 7
7.5 Paper filter . 7
7.6 Fluorescent ultraviolet lamp . 8
7.7 UV radiometer . 8
7.8 Punched metal sheet . 8
7.9 Centrifuge . 9
7.10 Sterilized syringe filter unit . 9
8 Test piece . 9
9 Procedure.10
9.1 General .10
9.2 Procedure for preparation of bacteria suspension .10
9.3 Procedure of preparation of test bacteriophage solution .10
9.4 Procedure of test for photocatalytic antiviral activity .11
9.5 UV irradiation condition .11
9.6 Measurement of titre of bacteriophage .12
10 Calculation .13
10.1 General .13
10.2 Calculate titre of bacteriophage .13
10.3 Test requirement fulfilment validation .13
10.4 Photocatalyst antiviral activity value calculation.14
10.5 Antiviral activity value calculation without photocatalyst .15
11 Test report .15
Annex A (informative) Reference data of comparison between influenza virus and
bacteriophage Q-beta .16
Annex B (informative) Comparison of photocatalytic activities determined using ATCC23631-B1
and NBRC20012 .18
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics.
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This International Standard applies to testing the antiviral activity of photocatalytic ceramics and
other materials produced by either coating or mixing of a photocatalyst. The International Standard
for testing the antibacterial activity that use photocatalytic materials has been published as ISO 27447.
The International Standard for testing the antifungal activity that use photocatalytic materials has also
been published as ISO 13125.
The test method for cloths or textiles is not included in this International Standard because of lack of
photocatalytic cloths or textiles with antiviral activity using photocatalytic activity. When photocatalytic
cloths or textiles with antiviral activity using photocatalytic activity have been developed, a test method
for photocatalytic cloths or textiles will be proposed with the glass adhesion method in ISO 27447.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18061:2014(E)
Fine Ceramics (Advanced Ceramics, Advanced Technical
Ceramics) — Determination of antiviral activity of
semiconducting photocatalytic materials — Test method
using bacteriophage Q-beta
WARNING — Only personnel trained in microbiological techniques should carry out tests.
1 Scope
The test method in this International Standard specifies the determination of the antiviral activity
of materials that contain photocatalytic materials or have photocatalytic films on the surface, by
enumerating the destruction of bacteriophage Q-beta after irradiation of ultraviolet light.
NOTE In this test method, the surrogate microbe is bacteriophage Q-beta, intended as a model for Influenza
viruses.
The test method in this International Standard is intended for use with different kinds of semiconducting
photocatalytic materials used in construction materials, in flat sheet, board, or plate shape that are
the basic forms of materials for various applications. It does not include powder, granular, or porous
photocatalytic materials.
The test method in this International Standard is applicable to photocatalytic materials produced
for an antiviral application. Other types of performance of photocatalytic materials, i.e. antibacterial
activity, antifungal activity, decomposition of water contaminants, self-cleaning, antifogging, and air
purification, are not determined by this test method.
The values expressed in this International Standard are in accordance with the International System of
Units (SI).
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 10677, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Ultraviolet light source for
testing semiconducting photocatalytic materials
ISO 27447, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Test method for antibacterial
activity of semiconducting photocatalytic materials
ISO 80000-1, Quantities and units — Part 1: General
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
photocatalyst
substance that carries out many functions based on oxidization and reduction reactions under
photoirradiation, including decomposition and removal of air and water contaminants, deodorization,
and antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, self-cleaning, and antifogging actions
3.2
photocatalytic materials
materials in which, or on
...
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