ISO 22938:2008
(Main)Document management — Electronic content/document management (CDM) data interchange format
Document management — Electronic content/document management (CDM) data interchange format
ISO 22938 defines the interchange of content/document management (CDM) data and all associated resources.
Gestion de documents — Format d'échange de données pour la gestion de documents/du contenu électronique
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22938
First edition
2008-12-01
Document management — Electronic
content/document management (CDM)
data interchange format
Gestion de documents — Format d'échange de données pour la
gestion de documents/du contenu électronique
Reference number
ISO 22938:2008(E)
©
ISO 2008
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 22938:2008(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2008
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 22938:2008(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms .1
5 XML-based data interchange format .2
5.1 General .2
5.2 Use of XML for content/document management data .2
5.2.1 Overview of XML structure.2
5.2.2 Content/document management (CDM) – specific XML structure – the DTD.2
5.3 The explicit DTD for CDM data interchange .6
5.4 Representing CDM data using the DTD – an example.8
Bibliography.11
© ISO 2008 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 22938:2008(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 22938 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 171, Document management applications,
Subcommittee SC 2, Application issues.
iv © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 22938:2008(E)
Introduction
This International Standard specifies a consistent interchange format for data contained in electronic
content/document management (CDM) systems, including documents, their associated resources, and
retrieval index values that are stored in, or managed by, these technologies. Such a standard should facilitate
the exact interchange of CDM data, i.e. the standard should not require that the data be irreversibly modified
or packaged within a format that does not allow the reconstruction of the original data. Therefore, this
International Standard avoids choosing one particular data format and anointing it as the interchange standard
for CDM. Rather, this International Standard specifies a common markup format, based on the XML
(eXtensible Markup Language), which encapsulates all forms of CDM data. A DTD (document type definition)
describes the XML markup used for CDM data transfer. The XML format is a W3C (World Wide Web
Consortium) standard, adopted in February 1998. XML is extensible, so that additional CDM formats may be
easily specified by appropriately updating the DTD.
The purpose of this International Standard is to define standards for information interchange in a way that
benefits both the consumers and vendors of content/document management systems. Some possible benefits
are as follows:
a) document information can be both exported from and imported to one standards-compliant CDM system
to another;
b) disparate CDM systems within an enterprise (due to autonomous selection, replacement, or
merger/acquisition) will be able to exchange or consolidate CDM information.
To this end, the standards are defined with the goal of striking a balance between being either too restrictive
or too general. They should be broad enough to encompass all common CDM information types and all
common uses of CDM systems, as well as ones that might be expected in the future. On the other hand, the
standards should be restrictive enough so that CDM vendors do not have inordinate difficulty complying with
the standards.
© ISO 2008 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22938:2008(E)
Document management — Electronic content/document
management (CDM) data interchange format
1 Scope
This International Standard defines the interchange of content/document management (CDM) data and all
associated resources.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this International Standard. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12651, Electronic imaging — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12651 and the following apply.
3.1
document
XML stream containing information content and related metadata
3.2
rendition
electronic encoding of a page of content
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
CDM content/document management
DTD document type definition
W3C World Wide Web Consortium
WWW World Wide Web
XML eXtensible Markup Language
© ISO 2008 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 22938:2008(E)
5 XML-based data interchange format
5.1 General
The document interchange format for electronic documents is an application of the XML. XML is an extensible,
flexible, platform-independent format, and has been adopted by the W3C as a standard (officially a
“recommendation” in W3C terminology).
The primary use of this International Standard is to exchange data between diverse document management
systems that do not already have an exchange methodology in place. This International Standard is
considered to be the foundational platform from which other XML-based exchange standards are developed,
ensuring a common framework throughout the document management industry.
5.2 Use of XML for content/document management data
5.2.1 Overview of XML structure
XML consists of markup and data. The markup consists of (usually paired) tags called elements, which may
contain descriptive data called attributes. Data is the non-markup content residing between element pairs. The
elements can be nested, so that one element may contain sub-elements, which can in turn contain
sub-sub-elements, etc.
This International Standard defines the elements, element structure, and element attributes suitably, so that
the various forms of CDM data, resources, index values, etc., can be clearly and unambiguously described
and included as data. The model which describes this is an XML DTD. The precise DTD is the essential
content of this International Standard.
5.2.2 Content/document management (CDM) – specific XML structure – the DTD
Figures 1 and 2 describe the high-level model to create the DTD. The elements and their meanings are:
a) cdm_interchange
This is the name of the XML application, or DTD.
b) cdm_collection
This is the collection of documents contained in the XML. It consists of a name, a set of index values for
the collection and a set of documents.
c) index_field
This element references index_name, index_description, and index_content elements. Any index_set
element shall contain at least one index_field element.
d) index_record
This element organizes multiple index_field entries into a logical group.
e) doc_content
This element defines the document contents being transmitted as part of the cdm_interchange operation.
Each doc_content shall contain one or more renditions.
f) rendition
This element defines the renditions, if any, and their attributes. Rendition includes the content and
rsrc_data elements. These elements are used to provide a mechanism to define the access_method,
encoding and compression for each rendition. The access_method is required, and the encoding and
compression attributes are optional. Supported access_method include Base64, URI, and MIME.
g) rsrc_data
This element encloses CDM resource data within each rendition. Examples of resource data are bitmaps
and fonts that are needed to render the contained document.
2 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO 22938:2008(E)
h) annotations
This element encloses the annotation-related information for a rendition. The annotation is expressed as
a stream of knowledge that would be defined by the vendor. Some vendors have highlight information,
while others might have blobs, bitmaps or data files. The knowledge content of the annotation would be
vendor-specific.
i) content
This element provides information related to the required access_method, form of data encoding and
compression technique.
j) index_n
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.