ISO/IEC 14165-147:2021

Information technology – Fibre channel - Part 147: Physical interfaces - 7 (FC-PI-7)

This standard describes the physical interface portions of high performance optical link variants that support the higher level Fibre Channel protocols including FC-FS-4 (reference [1]) and FC-FS-5 (reference [2]). FC-PI-7 specifies 64GFC. 32GFC and 128GFC are described in FC-PI-6 (reference [3]) and FC-PI- 6P (reference [4]), respectively.16GFC, 8GFC and 4GFC are described in FC-PI-5 (reference [5]).

Technologies de l'information — Canal de fibres — Partie 147: Titre manque

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 07-Feb-2021
• ICS: 35.200 - Interface and interconnection equipment
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1 - Information technology
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1 - Information technology
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 08-Feb-2021
• Due Date: 30-Mar-2022
• Completion Date: 08-Feb-2021

Overview

ISO/IEC 14165-147:2021 (FC-PI-7) defines the physical interface requirements for high‑performance Fibre Channel optical links that implement the 64GFC physical media. Published by ISO/IEC, this part of the Fibre Channel family focuses on the optical and electrical physical layers - transmitter and receiver functions, link budgets, cable‑plant guidance, and compliance test points - to ensure interoperable 64GFC deployments across data centres and storage networks.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope and purpose: Specifies the physical interface portions of high‑performance optical link variants that support higher‑level Fibre Channel protocols (e.g., FC‑FS‑4, FC‑FS‑5).
• Signaling and modulation: Covers optical signal formats (including PAM4 references and optical eye characteristics) and transmission codes, plus frame scrambling and emission lowering protocols.
• Forward Error Correction (FEC): Describes use of FEC as part of link performance management to meet BER targets.
• Optical interface specifications: Single‑mode (OS2) and multimode link parameters, optical return loss, connector/splice limits, and laser safety considerations.
• Electrical interface (single‑lane): Host and module test points, calibration points, transmitted/received signal characteristics, differential and common‑mode return loss, and mode conversion constraints.
• Tests & measurements: Defines compliance and test methods such as TDECQ, SECQ, SRS tests, BER per link section/segment, transmitter/receiver compliance tables, and channel operating margin (COM).
• Backplane variant: Includes a 64GFC‑EA backplane variant with test fixtures, transmitter/receiver and channel specifications (COM, return loss, jitter tolerance).
• Compliance infrastructure: Host and module compliance board diagrams, specific test point definitions, and informative annexes on cable plant usage and structured cabling.

Practical applications - who uses this standard

• Storage and SAN equipment designers: Implement compliant 64GFC transceivers, ASIC PHYs, and backplane interfaces.
• Optical module & cable manufacturers: Validate transmitter/receiver specs, connector and splice loss, and multimode/single‑mode link margins.
• Test labs and compliance engineers: Execute TDECQ/SECQ/SRS and BER tests, verify host/module calibration points, and certify interoperability.
• Data centre network architects and integrators: Plan link budgets, structured cabling, and maximum operating distances for 64GFC links.
• Procurement and compliance teams: Reference for technical requirements when specifying 64GFC components and verifying vendor claims.

Related standards

• FC‑PI‑6 and FC‑PI‑6P (32GFC / 128GFC variants)
• FC‑PI‑5 (16GFC, 8GFC, 4GFC)
• Higher‑level Fibre Channel services: FC‑FS‑4, FC‑FS‑5

This standard is essential for ensuring interoperable, high‑speed Fibre Channel physical interfaces at 64GFC and for guiding design, testing, and deployment of modern storage network links.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 14165-147
First edition
2021-02
Information technology – Fibre
channel —
Part 147:
Physical interfaces - 7 (FC-PI-7)
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2021
© ISO/IEC 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity.
ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of document should be noted (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details
of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents) or the IEC list of patent
declarations received (see http://patents.iec.ch).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World
Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT),
see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by the InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards
(INCITS) (as INCITS 543-2019) and drafted in accordance with its editorial rules. It was assigned to Joint
Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, and adopted under the “fast-track
procedure”.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 14165 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
iii
Contents
1  Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2  Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.1  General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.2  Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.2.1  Approved references. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.2.2  References under development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
3  Definitions and conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.1  Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.2  Editorial conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2.1  Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2.2  Keywords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.2.3  Abbreviations, acronyms, and symbols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.2.3.1  Acronyms and other abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.2.3.2  Signaling rate abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4  FC-PI-7 functional characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.1  General characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.2  Compliance test points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.3  FC-0 functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.3.1  Transmitter functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.3.2  Receiver functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.4  Limitations on invalid code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.5  Receiver stabilization time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.6  Loss of signal (Rx_LOS) function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.7  Speed agile ports that support speed negotiation and training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.8  Transmission codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.9  Frame scrambling and emission lowering protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.10  Forward error correction (FEC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.11  Bit error ratio per link locations and segments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.12  FC-PI-7 variants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
5  Optical interface specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.1  TxRx connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.2  Laser safety issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.3  Optical signal modulation format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.4  SM data links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.4.1  SM general information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.4.2  SM optical output interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.4.3  SM optical input interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.4.4  Transmitter transition time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.4.5  TDECQ Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.4.6  SECQ Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.4.7  SRS Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.5  MM data links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.5.1  MM general information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.5.2  MM optical output interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.5.3  MM optical input interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.5.4  Transmitter transition time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.5.5  TDECQ Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
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5.5.6  SECQ Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.5.7  SRS Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.6  SM Cable Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
5.6.1  Cable plant overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
5.6.2  Optical Return Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
5.6.3  Connector and Splices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5.7  MM Cable Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5.7.1  Cable plant overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
5.7.2  Optical Return Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
5.7.3  Connector and Splices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
6  Electrical interface specification - single lane segments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6.1  General electrical characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
6.2  Compliance test point definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6.2.1  Test method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6.2.2  Host test points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
6.2.3  Module test points. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
6.2.4  Host input calibration point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
6.2.5  Module input calibration point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
6.3  Transmitted signal characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.4  Receive signal characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
6.5  Differential return loss and mode conversion requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
6.5.1  Differential return loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
6.5.2  Common to differential-mode and differential to common-mode conversion . . . . . . . 31
7  Backplane variant, 64GFC-EA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
7.1  TxRx Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
7.2  Test Fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
7.3  Transmitter specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7.4  Receiver specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
7.4.1  Receiver input return loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
7.4.2  Receiver interference tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
7.4.3  Receiver jitter tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
7.5  Channel Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
7.5.1  Channel Operating Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
7.5.2  Channel Return Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
7.5.3  Channel AC coupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Annex A  (informative)
Optical cable plant usage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Annex B  (informative)
Structured cabling environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
B.1  Specification of operating distances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
B.2  Alternate connection loss operating distances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Annex C  (informative)
Electrical channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
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List of Tables
Table 1 - ISO convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Table 2 - Acronyms and other abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Table 3 - Signaling rate abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Table 4 - BER per link Location / Segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Table 5 - Fibre Channel Variants in FC-PI-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Table 6 - Single-mode link parameters (OS2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Table 7 - Multimode link parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Table 8 - Maximum value of each discrete reflectance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Table 9 - General electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Table 10 - Transmitter compliance requirements at nominal signal rate of 28 900 MBd . . . . . . . 29
Table 11 - Receiver compliance requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Table 12 - Transmitter electrical specifications at A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Table 13 - Summary of receiver characteristics at test point D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Table 14 - Receiver interference tolerance parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Table 15 - Receiver jitter tolerance parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Table 16 - Channel Operating Margin (COM) parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Table A.1 - Worst case (nominal bandwidth) multimode cable link power budget . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Table A.2 - Worst-case single mode cable link power budget . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Table B.1 - 64GFC-SW (MM) and 64GFC-LW (SM) max operating distance & loss
budget for different connection losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Table C.1 - Informative host to module channel characteristics, high loss channel . . . . . . . . . . . 45
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List of Figures
Figure 1 - Fibre Channel hierarchy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Figure 2 - Compliance points for 64GFC PMDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Figure 3 - BER per Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 4 - Optical Eye Diagram of a PAM4 Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 5 - Host Compliance Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Figure 6 - Module Compliance Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 7 - Host input calibration point C". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 8 - Module input calibration point B" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Figure 9 - SDD11 and SDD22 for all compliance points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 10 - SDC22 for transmitter output and SCD11 for receiver input. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Figure 11 - Test fixture and test points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Figure 12 - Test fixture reference insertion loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Figure 13 - Test fixture differential return loss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Figure 14 - Transmitter and receiver differential return loss limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Figure 15 - Transmitter common-mode return loss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Figure 16 - Receiver differential to common-mode return loss limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Figure 17 - Channel return loss limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Figure C.1 - Typical FC-PI-7 electrical channel construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Figure C.2 - FC-PI-7 full channel electrical reference model, high loss channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
iv
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
viii
Foreword  (This foreword is not part of American National Standard INCITS 543-2019.)
This standard was developed by Task Group T11.2 of Accredited Standards Commit-
tee INCITS during 2016, 2017, and 2018. The standards approval process will be
started in 2018. This document includes annexes that are informative and are not
considered part of the standard.
Requests for interpretation, suggestions for improvements or addenda, or defect re-
ports are welcomed. They should be sent to the INCITS Secretariat, Information
Technology Industry Council, 700 K Street NW, Suite 600, Washington DC 20001.
This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the National
Committee for Information Technology Standards (INCITS). Committee approval of
the standard does not necessarily imply that all committee members voted for its ap-
proval. At the time it approved this standard, INCITS had the following members:
Laura Lindsay, Chair
Donald Deutsch, Vice-Chair
Jennifer Garner, Secretary
Organization Represented Name of Representative
Adobe Systems, Inc. Scott Foshee
AIM Global, Inc. . Steve Halliday
Mary Lou Bosco (Alt.)
Chuck Evanhoe (Alt.)
Amazon Web Services, Inc. . Oliver Bell
John Britton (Alt.)
Apple . Helene Workman
David Singer (Alt.)
Anna Weinberg (Alt.)
CA Technologies . Ron Doyle
Department of Commerce - NIST. Michael Hogan
Wo Chang (Alt.)
Sal Francomacaro (Alt.)
Farance, Inc. Frank Farance
Timothy Schoechle (Alt.)
Futurewei Technologies, Inc. Wael Diab
Wilbert Adams (Alt.)
Timothy Jeffries (Alt.)
Google . Catherine Nelson
Tommy Ward (Alt.)
GS1GO. Steven Keddie
Edward Merrill (Alt.)
Dan Mullen (Alt.)
HP, Inc. Karen Higginbottom
Paul Jeran (Alt.)
Lonnie Mandigo (Alt.)
Vanitha Venkateshlu (Alt.)
IBM Corporation . Steve Holbrook
Alexander Tarpinian (Alt.)
Intel Corporation . Philip Wennblom
Grace Wei (Alt.)
Microsoft Corporation . Laura Lindsay
John Calhoon (Alt.)
Oracle . Donald Deutsch
Anish Karmarkar (Alt.)
Michael Kavanaugh (Alt.)
Jim Melton (Alt.)
Jan-Eike Michels (Alt.)
Elaine Newton (Alt.)
Qualcomm, Inc. . Michael Atlass
Farrokh Khatibi (Alt.)
Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA). Florence Otieno
Marianna Kramarikova (Alt.)
v
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
ix
Organization Represented Name of Representative
VMware, Inc. Stephen Diamond
Salim AbiEzzi (Alt.)
Eric Betts (Alt.)
Lawrence Lamers (Alt.)
Technical Committee T11 on Lower Level Interfaces, which reviewed this standard,
had the following members:
Steven Wilson, Chair
Craig W. Carlson, Vice-Chair
Richard Johnson, Secretary
David Peterson, International Representative
Organization Represented Name of Representative
Amphenol Corporation. Gregory McSorley
Brad Brubaker (Alt.)
Mike Davis (Alt.)
Daniel Dillow (Alt.)
Chris Lyon (Alt.)
Alex Persaud (Alt.)
Hu Silver (Alt.)
Michael Wingard (Alt.)
Anritsu Corporation. Ken Mochizuki
Broadcom Limited. Steven Wilson
David Baldwin (Alt.)
Evan Beauprez (Alt.)
Ben Chu (Alt.)
Adam Healey (Alt.)
Howard Johnson (Alt.)
Mark Jones (Alt.)
Scott Kipp (Alt.)
Anil Mehta (Alt.)
David Peterson (Alt.)
Rob Peterson (Alt.)
James Smart (Alt.)
CIENA. Stephen Shew
Sebastien Gareau (Alt.)
Cisco Systems, Inc. Mike Blair
Harsha Bharadwaj (Alt.)
Rajesh LG (Alt.)
Fabio Maino (Alt.)
J. Metz (Alt.)
Landon Noll (Alt.)
Joe Pelissier (Alt.)
CommScope. Sunny Xu
Gary Gibbs (Alt.)
Gary Irwin (Alt.)
Paul Kolesar (Alt.)
Corning, Inc. . Doug Coleman
Steven Swanson (Alt.)
Data Center Systems . Kevin Ehringer
Zach Nason (Alt.)
Todd Wheeler (Alt.)
Dell, Inc. Louis Ricci
David Black (Alt.)
Gaurav Chawla (Alt.)
Alan Rajapa (Alt.)
Erik Smith (Alt.)
Joseph White (Alt.)
Jeff Young (Alt.)
vi
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
x
Organization Represented Name of Representative
Finisar Corporation.Chris Yien
Richard Johnson (Alt.)
Jonathan King (Alt.)
Foxconn Interconnect Technology, Ltd. (FIT) .John Petrilla
Eric Chu (Alt.)
Fred Fons (Alt.)
Glenn Moore (Alt.)
William Peters (Alt.)
Fujitsu America, Inc.Mark Malcolm
Kun Katsumata (Alt.)
Osamu Kimura (Alt.)
Gene Owens (Alt.)
Futurewei Technologies, Inc. .Philip Kufeldt
Victor Gissin (Alt.)
Yang Liu (Alt.)
Xu Qi-ming (Alt.)
Liu Qing (Alt.)
Xin Qiu (Alt.)
Eddy Zhou (Alt.)
GlobalFoundries US2 LLC .Adrian Butter
John Ewen (Alt.)
Jon Garlett (Alt.)
Hewlett-Packard Enterprise .Barry Maskas
Curtis Ballard (Alt.)
Rupin Mohan (Alt.)
Krishna Babu Puttagunta (Alt.)
Hitachi Vantara.Eric Hibbard
Vincent Franceschini (Alt.)
Michael Hay (Alt.)
Akinobu Shimada (Alt.)
Erwin van Londen (Alt.)
Ken Wood (Alt.)
IBM Corporation .Roger Hathorn
Patty Driever (Alt.)
Keysight Technologies, Inc. .Stephen Didde
Steven Sekel (Alt.)
Hajime Takahashi (Alt.)
Joachim Vobis (Alt.)
Lumentum Operations.David Lewis
Macom .Thomas Palkert
MediaTek USA, Inc. .Tamer Ali
Mau-Lin Wu (Alt.)
Microsoft Corporation.Lee Prewitt
Paul Luber (Alt.)
Steve Olsson (Alt.)
Molex, Inc.Alexandra Haser
Jay Neer (Alt.)
Scott Sommers (Alt.)
NetApp, Inc. .Frederick Knight
John Meneghini (Alt.)
Urmi Misra (Alt.)
OFS Fitel LLC .Roman Shubochkin
Mabud Choudhury (Alt.)
Panduit Corporation .Jose Castro
Bulent Kose (Alt.)
Robert Reid (Alt.)
Steve Skiest (Alt.)
vii
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
xi
Organization Represented Name of Representative
QLogic Corporation . Craig Carlson
Anshul Agarwal (Alt.)
Girish Basrur (Alt.)
Kathy Caballero (Alt.)
Robert Friend (Alt.)
Duane Grigsby (Alt.)
Ali Khwaja (Alt.)
Stephen Lam (Alt.)
Ray Leung (Alt.)
Akinori Maeda (Alt.)
Praveen Midha (Alt.)
Trinh Nguyen (Alt.)
Raul Oteyza (Alt.)
Alan Spalding (Alt.)
Gourangadoss Sundar (Alt.)
Darren Trapp (Alt.)
Andrew Vasquez (Alt.)
Dean Wallace (Alt.)
SmartDV Technologies India Private Limited. Deepak Kumar Tala
Tamil Selvan Ramanathan (Alt.)
TE Connectivity . Nathan Tracy
Jeff Mason (Alt.)
Teledyne LeCroy Corporation . David Rodgers
Douglas Lee (Alt.)
Henry Poelstra (Alt.)
Unisys Corporation. Jeffrey Dremann
Phil Shelton (Alt.)
Viavi Solutions, Inc. . Jason Rusch
Scott Baxter (Alt.)
George Bullis (Alt.)
Paul Gentieu (Alt.)
VMware, Inc. Neil MacLean
Wenchao Cui (Alt.)
Ping Huang (Alt.)
Wenhua Liu (Alt.)
Murali Rajagopal (Alt.)
Ahmad Tawil (Alt.)
Members Emeritus
James Coomes
William Ham
Robert Kembel
Robert Nixon
Schelto Van Doorn
viii
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
xii
Task Group T11.2 on Fibre Channel Protocols, that developed and reviewed this
standard, had the following members:
Tom Palkert, Chair
Dean Wallace, Vice-Chair
Richard Johnson, Secretary
Organization Represented Name of Representative
Amphenol Corporation .Gregory McSorley
Brad Brubaker (Alt.)
Mike Davis (Alt.)
Daniel Dillow (Alt.)
Chris Lyon (Alt.)
Alex Persaud (Alt.)
Hu Silver (Alt.)
Michael Wingard (Alt.)
Anritsu Corporation .Ken Mochizuki
Broadcom, Inc.Evan Beauprez
David Baldwin(Alt.)
Ben Chu (Alt.)
Adam Healey (Alt.)
Howard Johnson (Alt.)
Scott Kipp (Alt.)
David Peterson (Alt.)
James Smart (Alt.)
Steven Wilson (Alt.)
Cisco Systems, Inc. .Mike Blair
Ziad Chaine (Alt.)
J Metz (Alt.)
CommScope .Sunny Xu
Gary Gibbs (Alt.)
Gary Irwin (Alt.)
Paul Kolesar (Alt.)
Corning, Inc.Doug Coleman
Steven Swanson (Alt.)
Data Center Systems.Kevin Ehringer
Zach Nason (Alt.)
Todd Wheeler (Alt.)
Dell, Inc. .Louis Ricci
David Black (Alt.)
Gaurav Chawla (Alr.)
Alan Rajapa (Alt.)
Erik Smith (Alt.)
Joseph White (Alt.)
Jeff Young (Alt.)
Finisar Corporation .Vipul Bhatt
Jonathan King (Alt.)
Foxconn Interconnect Technology Ltd. (FIT) .John Petrilla
Eric Chu (Alt.)
Glenn Moore (Alt.)
William Peters (Alt.)
Fujitsu America, Inc. .Mark Malcolm
Kun Katsumata (Alt.)
Gene Owens (Alt.)
Futurewei Technologies, Inc. .Xu Qi ming
Eddy Zhou (Alt.)
GlobalFoundries US2 LLC .Adrian Butter
John Ewen (Alt.)
Jon Garlett (Alt.)
Hewlett Packard Enterprise .Barry Maskas
Rupin Mohan (Alt.)
Krishna Babu Puttagunta (Alt.)
IBM Corporation.Roger Hathorn
Patty Driever (Alt.)
ix
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
xiii
Organization Represented Name of Representative
Keysight Technologies, Inc. Stephen Didde
Steven Sekel (Alt.)
Joachim Vobis (Alt.)
Lumentum Operations. David Lewis
Macom. Thomas Palkert
Marvell Semiconductor, Inc. . Craig Carlson
Anshul Agarwal (Alt.)
Girish Basrur (Alt.)
Michael Dudek (Alt.)
Ali Khwaja (Alt.)
Steven Lam (Alt.)
Akinori Maeda (Alt.)
Alan Spalding (Alt.)
Darren Trapp (Alt.)
Dean Wallace (Alt.)
MediaTek USA, Inc. Tamer Ali
Mau-Lin Wu (Alt.)
Molex, Inc. . Alexandra Haser
Jay Neer (Alt.)
NetApp, Inc. Frederick Knight
OFS Fitel LLC. Roman Shubochkin
Mabud Choudhury (Alt.)
Panduit Corporation. Jose Castro
Bulent Kose (Alt.)
Robert Reid (Alt.)
Steve Skiest (Alt.)
SmartDV Technologies India Private Limited. Deepak Kumar Tala
TE Connectivity . Nathan Tracy
Jeff Mason (Alt.)
Teledyne LeCroy Corporation . David Rodgers
Douglas Lee (Alt.)
Henry Poelstra (Alt.)
Viavi Solutions, Inc. . Jason Rusch
Members Emeritus
James Coomes
William Ham
Schelto van Doorn
Acknowledgments
The technical editor would like to thank the following individuals for their special con-
tributions to this standard:
Jonathan King for optical link budget;
John Petrilla for electrical link budget;
Mike Dudek for backplane solution;
Richard Johnson for his support editing this document;
Dean Wallace for leadership.
x
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
xiv
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 14165-147:2021(E)
Fibre Channel –
Physical Interface-7 (FC-PI-7)
1 Scope
This standard describes the physical interface portions of high performance optical link variants that
support the higher level Fibre Channel protocols including FC-FS-4 (reference [1]) and FC-FS-5 (ref-
erence [2]).
FC-PI-7 specifies 64GFC. 32GFC and 128GFC are described in FC-PI-6 (reference [3]) and FC-PI-
6P (reference [4]), respectively.16GFC, 8GFC and 4GFC are described in FC-PI-5 (reference [5]).
2 Normative references
2.1 General
The following standards contain provisions that, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. Standards are subject to re-
vision, and parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibili-
ty of applying the most recent editions of the following list of standards. Members of IEC and ISO
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
Copies of the following documents can be obtained from ANSI: Approved ANSI standards, approved
and draft international and regional standards (ISO, IEC), and other approved standards (including
JIS and DIN).
2.2 Normative references
2.2.1 Approved references
[1] INCITS 488-2016, FC-FS-4, Fibre Channel Framing and Signaling - 4
[2] INCITS 545-2018, FC-FS-5, Fibre Channel Framing and Signaling - 5
[3] INCITS 512-2015, FC-PI-6, Fibre Channel Physical Interfaces - 6
[4] INCITS 533-2016, FC-PI-6P, Fibre Channel Physical Interfaces - 6P
[5] INCITS 479-2011, FC-PI-5, Fibre Channel Physical Interfaces - 5
[6] INCITS TR-46-2011, FC-MSQS, Fibre Channel Methodologies for Signal Quality Specification
[7] INCITS TR-50-2014, FC-MSQS-2, Fibre Channel Methodologies for Signal Quality
Specification 2
[8] IEC 61280-1-3, Fiber optic communication subsystem basic test procedures - Part 1-3: Test
procedures for general communication subsystems - Central wavelength and spectral width
measurement
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
[9] IEC 60793-2-10, Optical fibers - Part 2-10: Product specifications - Sectional specification for
category A1 multimode fibers
[10] IEC 60793-2-50, Optical fibers - Part 2-50: Product specifications - Sectional specification for
class B single-mode fibers
[11] IEC 60825-1, Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements,
latest edition.
[12] IEC 60825-2, Safety of laser products - Part 2: Safety of optical fiber communication systems,
latest edition.
[13] TIA-492AAAC, Detail Specification for 850-nm Laser-Optimized, 50-m Core Diameter/125-m
Cladding Diameter Class Ia Graded-Index Multimode Optical Fibers
[14] TIA-492AAAD, Detail Specification for 850-nm Laser-Optimized, 50-m Core Diameter/125-m
Cladding Diameter Class Ia Graded-Index Multimode Optical Fibers Suitable for Manufacturing
OM4 Cabled Optical Fiber
[15] TIA-492AAAE, Detail Specification for 50-m Core Diameter/125-m Cladding Diameter Class
1a Graded-Index Multimode Optical Fibers with Laser-Optimized Bandwidth Characteristics
Specified for Wavelength Division Multiplexing
[16] IEEE 802.3™-2018, IEEE Standard for Ethernet
[17] OIF-CEI-04.0, Clause 21 CEI-56G-LR PAM4 Long Reach Interface
2.2.2 References under development
At the time of publication, the following referenced standards were still under development. For infor-
mation on the current status of the documents, or regarding availability, contact the relevant stan-
dards body or other organization as indicated.
[18] IEEE 802.3cd 50Gb/s and 200 Gb/s Ethernet Task Force
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
3 Definitions and conventions
For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions, conventions, abbreviations, acronyms,
and symbols apply.
3.1 Definitions
3.1.1  ,  : alpha T, alpha R; reference points used for establishing signal budgets at the chip
T R
contacts of the transmitter and receiver in an FC device or retiming element.
3.1.2  ,  : gamma T, gamma R; interoperability points used for establishing signal budgets.
T R
Gamma T is the optical transmitter interface compliant point defined as the output of a 0.5 m
to 2 m patchcord connected to the external enclosure connector.
3.1.3  ,  : delta T, delta R; interoperability points used for establishing signal budget at the
T R
internal connector of a removable PMD element.
3.1.4 alpha T, alpha R: See  ,  (3.1.1).
T R
3.1.5 attenuation: The transmission medium power or amplitude loss expressed in units of dB.
3.1.6 average power: The optical power measured using an average-reading power meter when
transmitting valid transmission characters.
3.1.7 bandwidth: The difference between the upper -3 dB frequency and the lower -3 dB frequency
of the amplitude response of a Fibre Channel component.
3.1.8 baud: A unit of signaling speed, expressed as the maximum number of times per second the
signal may change the state of the transmission line or other medium. (Units of baud are
symbols/sec.)
3.1.9 bit error ratio (BER): The probability of a correct transmitted bit being erroneously received
in a communication system. For purposes of this standard, BER is the number of bits output
from a receiver that differ from the correct transmitted bits, divided by the number of
transmitted bits.
3.1.10 bit synchronization: The condition that a receiver is delivering retimed serial data at the
required BER.
3.1.11 byte: An eight-bit entity prior to encoding, or after decoding, with its least significant bit
denoted as bit 0 and most significant bit as bit 7. The most significant bit is shown on the left
side unless specifically indicated otherwise.
3.1.12 cable plant: All passive communications elements (e.g., optical fiber, cable, connectors,
splices, etc.) between a transmitter and a receiver.
3.1.13 center wavelength (laser): The value of the central wavelength of the operating, modulated
laser. This is the wavelength where the effective optical power resides. See IEC 61280-1-3
(reference [8]).
3.1.14 character: A defined set of n contiguous bits where n is determined by the encoding
scheme.
3.1.15 component: Entities that make up the link. Examples are connectors, cable assemblies,
transceivers, port bypass circuits, and hubs.
3.1.16 connector: Electro-mechanical or opto-mechanical components consisting of a receptacle
and a plug that provide a separable interface between two transmission media segments.
Connectors may introduce physical disturbances to the transmission path due to impedance
mismatch, crosstalk, and the like.These disturbances may introduce jitter under certain
conditions.
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
3.1.17 delta T, delta R: See δ , δ (3.1.3).
T R
3.1.18 device: See FC device.
3.1.19 dispersion: A term in this document used to denote pulse broadening and distortion from
optical causes. The causes of dispersion in optical transmissions are modal, chromatic and
all
polarization mode dispersion. Modal dispersion is caused by the difference in the
propagation velocity of the guided modes in a multimode fiber. Chromatic dispersion, due to
the difference in propagation of the various spectral components, of the signal and optical
source. Polarization mode dispersion is caused by fiber defects, that makes the propagation
velocity dependent of the light polarization state.
3.1.20 external connector: A bulkhead connector, whose purpose is to carry the FC signals into
and out of an enclosure, that exits the enclosure with only minor compromise to the shield
effectiveness of the enclosure.
3.1.21 extinction ratio outer: The ratio of the highest optical power to the lowest optical power in
the presence of a PAM4 signal (i.e., levels 3 and 0 in Figure 4(B), clause 5). See IEEE
802.3™-2018,(reference [16]), clause 121.8.6.
3.1.22 FC-0 level: The level in the Fibre Channel architecture and standards that defines
transmission media, transmitters and receivers, and their interfaces. See Figure 1 (clause
4.1) and FC-FS-4 (reference [1]) clause 4.
3.1.23 FC-1 level: The level in the Fibre Channel architecture and standards that defines the
transmission protocol that includes the serial encoding, decoding, and error control. See FC-
FS-4 (reference [1]).
3.1.24 FC device: An entity that contains the FC protocol functions and that has one or more of the
connectors defined in this document. Examples are: host bus adapters, disk drives, and
switches. Devices may have internal and external connectors.
3.1.25 FC device connector: A connector defined in this document that carries the FC serial data
signals into and out of the FC device.
3.1.26 fiber optic cable: A jacketed optical fiber or fibers.
3.1.27 gamma T, gamma R: See  ,  (3.1.2).
T R
3.1.28 insertion loss: The ratio (expressed in dB) of incident power at one port to transmitted
power at a different port, when a component or assembly with defined ports is introduced into
a link or system. May refer to optical power or to electrical power in a specified frequency
range. Note the dB magnitude of S12 or S21 is the negative of insertion loss in dB.
3.1.29 interoperability point: Points in a link or TxRx connection
...