ISO 21782-1:2023

Electrically propelled road vehicles — Test specification for electric propulsion components — Part 1: General test conditions and definitions

This document specifies the test procedures for performance and operating load for voltage class B electric propulsion components (motor, inverter, DC/DC converter) and their combinations (motor system) of electrically propelled road vehicles. This document specifies the terms and definitions used in the ISO 21782 series and general test conditions.

Véhicules routiers à propulsion électrique — Spécification d'essai pour les composants de propulsion électrique — Partie 1: Conditions générales et définitions

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 09-Feb-2023
• ICS: 43.120 - Electric road vehicles
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 37 - Electrically propelled vehicles
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 37 - Electrically propelled vehicles
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 10-Feb-2023
• Due Date: 30-Nov-2023
• Completion Date: 10-Feb-2023

Relations

• Revises: ISO 21782-1:2019 - Electrically propelled road vehicles — Test specification for electric propulsion components — Part 1: General test conditions and definitions
• Effective Date: 06-Jun-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 21782-1
Second edition
2023-02
Electrically propelled road vehicles —
Test specification for electric
propulsion components —
Part 1:
General test conditions and
definitions
Véhicules routiers à propulsion électrique — Spécification d'essai
pour les composants de propulsion électrique —
Partie 1: Conditions générales et définitions
Reference number
ISO 21782-1:2023(E)
© ISO 2023

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 21782-1:2023(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
  © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 21782-1:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 3
5 General test conditions .4
5.1 Operating points . 4
5.1.1 Operating points for motor, inverter and motor system . 4
5.1.2 Operating points for DC/DC converter . 7
5.2 Methods for determining the rank for operating load test . 8
5.2.1 Target rank verification method . 8
5.2.2 Rank search method . 9
5.3 Provision for current, voltage and power measurement . 9
5.4 DC input voltage . 11
5.5 Temperature and humidity . 11
5.6 Measurement accuracy . 12
Annex A (informative) Formula of power .13
Bibliography .18
iii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 21782-1:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 37,
Electrically propelled vehicles.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 21782-1:2019), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— addition of ISO 21782-4, ISO 21782-5 and ISO 21782-7 general specifications and requirements to
this document;
— correction of the subclause numbers cited in the Terms and definitions clause.
A list of all parts in the ISO 21782 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
  © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 21782-1:2023(E)
Introduction
Until now, there was no international standardized test procedure for the motor system including
motors, inverters DC/DC converters and their combinations for electric propulsion systems of
electrically propelled road vehicles available. There are some International Standards for industrial use
which consider the steady/constant running of motors and inverters but do not consider the dynamic
operation (acceleration/deceleration).
The ISO 21782 series was prepared aiming at the reproducibility of test results which will enable to
compare and evaluate fairly the performance and reliability of electric propulsion system components
such as the motor system (the motor, inverter, DC/DC converter and their combinations).
The overview of the ISO 21782 series is in Tables 1 to 7 shown below.
Table 1 — Contents of this document: General test conditions and definitions
Item of this document Description
Introduction Background and purpose of the ISO 21782 series
Terms and definitions Terms to use in the ISO 21782 series
Abbreviated terms Abbreviated terms to use in the ISO 21782 series
Definition of general condition:
— operating point,
— methods for determining the rank for operating load test,
— current, voltage and power,
General test conditions
— DC input voltage,
— temperature and humidity,
— measurement accuracy.
Table 2 — Contents of ISO 21782-2: Performance testing of the motor system
Item of ISO Motor DC/DC
Description Motor Inverter Chopper
21782-2 system converter
This test measures total loss and total
Measurement of
efficiency between the input power of
total loss and total  5.1
inverter and the output power of the
efficiency
motor.
This test investigates the temper-
Temperature rise ature rise characteristics of each
  5.2
test part of the motor system within the
specified range.
Torque This test measures the torque
characteristic characteristics specified in the   5.3
test specifications of the motor system.
Torque ripple This test measures the torque ripple
  5.4
test of the motor.
v
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ISO 21782-1:2023(E)
Table 3 — Contents of ISO 21782-3: Performance testing of the motor and the inverter
Item of ISO Motor DC/DC
Description Motor Inverter Chopper
21782-3 system converter
This test measures loss and efficien-
cy between the input power and the 5.1.1 5.2.1 5.3.1
output power.
Measurement of
loss and efficiency
This test measures conversion rate
between the input power and the  5.2.1 5.3.1
output power.
This test investigates the tempera-
Temperature rise ture rise characteristics of each part
5.1.2 5.2.2 5.3.2
test of the component within the specified
range.
Torque This test measures the torque
characteristic characteristics specified in the 5.1.3
test specifications of the motor.
This test measures the cogging
Cogging torque
torque of the permanent magnetic 5.1.4
test
motor.
Table 4 — Contents of ISO 21782-4: Performance testing of the DC/DC converter
Item of ISO Motor DC/DC
Description Motor Inverter Chopper
21782-4 system converter
This test measures loss and efficien-
Measurement of
cy between the input power and the   5.1
loss and efficiency
output power.
This test investigates the tempera-
Temperature rise ture rise characteristics of each part
  5.2
test of the DC/DC converter within the
specified range.
Table 5 — Contents of ISO 21782-5: Operating load testing of the motor system
Item of ISO Motor DC/DC
Description Motor Inverter Chopper
21782-5 system converter
Cyclic test of output torque pattern
Endurance test endurance including maximum  5.1
torque and maximum speed
This test measures the surge voltage
Surge voltage
applied to the input terminals of the  5.2
measurement test
motor.
The test verifies the no control failure
Over speed test according to the over speed and gives  5.3
the corresponding rank.
Table 6 — Contents of ISO 21782-6: Operating load testing of the motor and the inverter
Item of ISO Motor DC/DC
Description Motor Inverter Chopper
21782-6 system converter
Cyclic test of high acceleration/
4.1.1
deceleration endurance
Operation
Cyclic test of torque pattern
endurance tests
endurance including maximum 4.1.2
of motor
torque
Over speed test 4.1.3
vi
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ISO 21782-1:2023(E)
TTabablele 6 6 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Item of ISO Motor DC/DC
Description Motor Inverter Chopper
21782-6 system converter
Operation Cyclic test of output current pattern
endurance tests endurance including maximum cur- 4.2.1
of inverter rent
Breakdown Contents of this test are mainly spin
strength test, data acquisition of mechanical 4.3.1
verification test strength of the motor.
Table 7 — Contents of ISO 21782-7: Operating load testing of the DC/DC converter
Item of ISO Motor DC/DC
Description Motor Inverter Chopper
21782-7 system converter
Cyclic test of output current pattern
Operation
endurance including maximum   5
endurance test
current
vii
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21782-1:2023(E)
Electrically propelled road vehicles — Test specification
for electric propulsion components —
Part 1:
General test conditions and definitions
1 Scope
This document specifies the test procedures for performance and operating load for voltage class B
electric propulsion components (motor, inverter, DC/DC converter) and their combinations (motor
system) of electrically propelled road vehicles.
This document specifies the terms and definitions used in the ISO 21782 series and general test
conditions.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
chopper
DC electronic power converter (3.19) without an intermediate AC link giving a variable output voltage
by varying the periods of conduction and non-conduction in an adjustable ratio
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-19-11, modified — The phrase "electronic power DC convertor" was
modified to "DC electronic power converter".]
3.2
conversion rate
ratio of output base wave power or output DC power to input DC power
3.3
DC/DC converter
DC electric power converter (3.19) with an intermediate AC link transferring electric power between a
voltage class B electric circuit and a voltage class A insulated electric circuit
3.4
DC link inductor
component boosted by the chopper (3.1) circuit, a magnetic energy storage and released in response to
actuation of the switching element
1
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved

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ISO 21782-1:2023(E)
3.5
efficiency
ratio of output power to input power
3.6
induction motor
IM
AC electric motor in which the electric rotor current needed to produce torque is obtained by
electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding
EXAMPLE Asynchronous motor.
3.7
inverter
electric energy converter that changes direct electric current to single-phase or polyphase alternating
currents
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-13-46]
3.8
maximum current for duration of t
0
I
t=t0
maximum current defined for the time frame t which can be constantly achieved for t seconds starting
0 0
from the steady-state condition of room temperature (RT) and the nominal cooling conditions until the
inverter (3.7) and chopper (3.1) reach the defined maximum temperature limit
3.9
maximum operating speed
upper limit revolution speed for the torque-motor speed characteristics
3.10
maximum power for duration of t
0
P
t=t0
maximum power defined for the time frame t which can be constantly achieved for t seconds starting
0 0
from the steady-state condition of RT and the nominal cooling conditions until the motor, inverter (3.7)
and chopper (3.1) reach the defined maximum temperature limit
3.11
maximum speed
n
m
highest defined speed which can maintain maximum power
Note 1 to entry: The maximum speed can be limited by control software or supplier's definitions.
3.12
motor system
electric propulsion system for an electrically propelled road vehicle comprising a combination of
components such as motor, inverter (3.7) and if necessary, DC/DC converter (3.3)
3.13
maximum torque for duration of t
0
M
t=t0
highest torque defined for the time frame t which can be constantly achieved for t seconds until the
0 0
power limitation at higher speed starting from the steady-state condition of RT and the nominal cooling
conditions until the motor reaches the defined maximum temperature limit
3.14
maximum voltage for unlimited operating capability
highest value of OS1
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 21498-1 about OS1.
2
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ISO 21782-1:2023(E)
3.15
minimum voltage for unlimited operating capability
lowest value of OS1
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 21498-1 about OS1.
3.16
no-load induced electromotive force
E
0
voltage generated in the armature when the motor is rotated at the rated speed (3.22) as a power
generator while the terminal of the synchronous motor is opened
3.17
operating load test
test method that takes into account the deterioration due to the operation of the device itself
3.18
output frequency
frequency of the inverter (3.7) output current
3.19
power converter
device that converts electric energy from DC to AC or from AC to DC
EXAMPLE AC frequency conversion, DC power conversion, etc.
3.20
permanent magnet motor
PM
motor using permanent magnets for the field magnetic poles
3.21
rated frequency
f
r
output frequency (3.18) at the operating point corresponding to the rated speed (3.22) of the combined
motor
3.22
rated speed
n
r
intersection of the maximum torque for duration of t (3.13) and iso-power line
0
3.23
rated voltage
u
r
central value of OS1
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 21498-1 about OS1.
4 Abbreviated terms
AC alternating current
ACL 3-phase inductance equivalent to the leakage inductance of motor
DC direct current
DUT device under test
EMF electromotive force
3
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved

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ISO 21782-1:2023(E)
PWM pulse width modulation
RL ACL with series resistance equivalent to phase resistance of motor
RT room temperature
5 General test conditions
5.1 Operating points
5.1.1 Operating points for motor, i
...

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 21782-1
Second edition
Electrically propelled road vehicles —
Test specification for electric
propulsion components —
Part 1:
General test conditions and
definitions
Véhicules routiers à propulsion électrique — Spécification d'essai
pour les composants de propulsion électrique —
Partie 1: Conditions generales et définitions
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO 21782-1:2022(E)
© ISO 2022

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 21782-1:2022(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 21782-1:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 3
5 General test conditions .4
5.1 Operating points . 4
5.1.1 Operating points for motor, inverter and motor system . 4
5.1.2 Operating points for DC/DC converter . 7
5.2 Methods for determining the rank for operating load test . 8
5.2.1 Target rank verification method . 8
5.2.2 Rank search method . 9
5.3 Provision for current, voltage and power measurement . 9
5.4 DC input voltage . 11
5.5 Temperature and humidity . 11
5.6 Measurement accuracy . 12
Annex A (informative) Formula of power .13
Bibliography .18
iii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 21782-1:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 37,
Electrically propelled vehicles.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 21782-1:2019), which has been editorially
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— addition of ISO 21782-4, ISO 21782-5 and ISO 21782-7 general specifications and requirements to
this document;
— correction of the subclause numbers cited in the Terms and definitions clause.
A list of all parts in the ISO 21782 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 21782-1:2022(E)
Introduction
Until now, there was no international standardized test procedure for the motor system including
motors, inverters DC/DC converters and their combinations for electric propulsion systems of
electrically propelled road vehicles available. There are some International Standards for industrial use
which consider the steady/constant running of motors and inverters but do not consider the dynamic
operation (acceleration/deceleration).
The ISO 21782 series was prepared aiming at the reproducibility of test results which will enable to
compare and evaluate fairly the performance and reliability of electric propulsion system components
such as the motor system (the motor, inverter, DC/DC converter and their combinations).
The overview of the ISO 21782 series is in Tables 1 to 7 shown below.
Table 1 — Contents of this document: General test conditions and definitions
Item of this document Description
Introduction Background and purpose of the ISO 21782 series
Terms and definitions Terms to use in the ISO 21782 series
Abbreviated terms Abbreviated terms to use in the ISO 21782 series
Definition of general condition:
— operating point,
— methods for determining the rank for operating load test,
— current, voltage and power,
General test conditions
— DC input voltage,
— temperature and humidity,
— measurement accuracy.
Table 2 — Contents of ISO 21782-2: Performance testing of the motor system
Item of ISO Motor DC/DC
Description Motor Inverter Chopper
21782-2 system converter
This test measures total loss and total
Measurement of
efficiency between the input power of
total loss and total  5.1
inverter and the output power of the
efficiency
motor.
This test investigates the temper-
Temperature rise ature rise characteristics of each
  5.2
test part of the motor system within the
specified range.
Torque This test measures the torque
characteristic characteristics specified in the   5.3
test specifications of the motor system.
Torque ripple This test measures the torque ripple
  5.4
test of the motor.
v
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ISO 21782-1:2022(E)
Table 3 — Contents of ISO 21782-3: Performance testing of the motor and the inverter
Item of ISO Motor DC/DC
Description Motor Inverter Chopper
21782-3 system converter
This test measures loss and efficien-
cy between the input power and the 5.1.1 5.2.1 5.3.1
output power.
Measurement of
loss and efficiency
This test measures conversion rate
between the input power and the  5.2.1 5.3.1
output power.
This test investigates the tempera-
Temperature rise ture rise characteristics of each part
5.1.2 5.2.2 5.3.2
test of the component within the specified
range.
Torque This test measures the torque
characteristic characteristics specified in the 5.1.3
test specifications of the motor.
This test measures the cogging
Cogging torque
torque of the permanent magnetic 5.1.4
test
motor.
Table 4 — Contents of ISO 21782-4: Performance testing of the DC/DC converter
Item of ISO Motor DC/DC
Description Motor Inverter Chopper
21782-4 system converter
This test measures loss and efficien-
Measurement of
cy between the input power and the   5.1
loss and efficiency
output power.
This test investigates the tempera-
Temperature rise ture rise characteristics of each part
  5.2
test of the DC/DC converter within the
specified range.
Table 5 — Contents of ISO 21782-5: Operating load testing of the motor system
Item of ISO Motor DC/DC
Description Motor Inverter Chopper
21782-5 system converter
Cyclic test of output torque pattern
Endurance test endurance including maximum  5.1
torque and maximum speed
This test measures the surge voltage
Surge voltage
applied to the input terminals of the  5.2
measurement test
motor.
The test verifies the no control failure
Over speed test according to the over speed and gives  5.3
the corresponding rank.
Table 6 — Contents of ISO 21782-6: Operating load testing of the motor and the inverter
Item of ISO Motor DC/DC
Description Motor Inverter Chopper
21782-6 system converter
Cyclic test of high acceleration/
4.1.1
deceleration endurance
Operation
Cyclic test of torque pattern
endurance tests
endurance including maximum 4.1.2
of motor
torque
Over speed test 4.1.3
vi
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---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 21782-1:2022(E)
TTabablele 6 6 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Item of ISO Motor DC/DC
Description Motor Inverter Chopper
21782-6 system converter
Operation Cyclic test of output current pattern
endurance tests endurance including maximum cur- 4.2.1
of inverter rent
Breakdown Contents of this test are mainly spin
strength test, data acquisition of mechanical 4.3.1
verification test strength of the motor.
Table 7 — Contents of ISO 21782-7: Operating load testing of the DC/DC converter
Item of ISO Motor DC/DC
Description Motor Inverter Chopper
21782-7 system converter
Cyclic test of output current pattern
Operation
endurance including maximum   5
endurance test
current
vii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21782-1:2022(E)
Electrically propelled road vehicles — Test specification
for electric propulsion components —
Part 1:
General test conditions and definitions
1 Scope
This document specifies the test procedures for performance and operating load for voltage class B
electric propulsion components (motor, inverter, DC/DC converter) and their combinations (motor
system) of electrically propelled road vehicles.
This document specifies the terms and definitions used in the ISO 21782 series and general test
conditions.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
chopper
DC electronic power converter (3.19) without an intermediate AC link giving a variable output voltage
by varying the periods of conduction and non-conduction in an adjustable ratio
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-19-11, modified — The phrase "electronic power DC convertor" was
modified to "DC electronic power converter".]
3.2
conversion rate
ratio of output base wave power or output DC power to input DC power
3.3
DC/DC converter
DC electric power converter (3.19) with an intermediate AC link transferring electric power between a
voltage class B electric circuit and a voltage class A insulated electric circuit
3.4
DC link inductor
component boosted by the chopper (3.1) circuit, a magnetic energy storage and released in response to
actuation of the switching element
1
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO 21782-1:2022(E)
3.5
efficiency
ratio of output power to input power
3.6
induction motor
IM
AC electric motor in which the electric rotor current needed to produce torque is obtained by
electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding
EXAMPLE Asynchronous motor.
3.7
inverter
electric energy converter that changes direct electric current to single-phase or polyphase alternating
currents
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-13-46]
3.8
maximum current for duration of t
0
I
t=t0
maximum current defined for the time frame t which can be constantly achieved for t seconds starting
0 0
from the steady-state condition of room temperature (RT) and the nominal cooling conditions until the
inverter (3.7) and chopper (3.1) reach the defined maximum temperature limit
3.9
maximum operating speed
upper limit revolution speed for the torque-motor speed characteristics
3.10
maximum power for duration of t
0
P
t=t0
maximum power defined for the time frame t which can be constantly achieved for t seconds starting
0 0
from the steady-state condition of RT and the nominal cooling conditions until the motor, inverter (3.7)
and chopper (3.1) reach the defined maximum temperature limit
3.11
maximum speed
n
m
highest defined speed which can maintain maximum power
Note 1 to entry: The maximum speed can be limited by control software or supplier's definitions.
3.12
motor system
electric propulsion system for an electrically propelled road vehicle comprising a combination of
components such as motor, inverter (3.7) and if necessary, DC/DC converter (3.3)
3.13
maximum torque for duration of t
0
M
t=t0
highest torque defined for the time frame t which can be constantly achieved for t seconds until the
0 0
power limitation at higher speed starting from the steady-state condition of RT and the nominal cooling
conditions until the motor reaches the defined maximum temperature limit
3.14
maximum voltage for unlimited operating capability
highest value of OS1
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 21498-1 about OS1.
2
PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

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ISO 21782-1:2022(E)
3.15
minimum voltage for unlimited operating capability
lowest value of OS1
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 21498-1 about OS1.
3.16
no-load induced electromotive force
E
0
voltage generated in the armature when the motor is rotated at the rated speed (3.22) as a power
generator while the terminal of the synchronous motor is opened
3.17
operating load test
test method that takes into account the deterioration due to the operation of the device itself
3.18
output frequency
frequency of the inverter (3.7) output current
3.19
power converter
device that converts electric energy from DC to AC or from AC to DC
EXAMPLE AC frequency conversion, DC power conversion, etc.
3.20
permanent magnet motor
PM
motor using permanent magnets for the field magnetic poles
3.21
rated frequency
f
r
output frequency (3.18) at the operating point corresponding to the rated speed (3.22) of the combined
motor
3.22
rated speed
n
r
intersection of the maximum torque for duration of t (3.13) and iso-power line
0
3.23
rated voltage
u
r
central value of OS1
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 21498-1 about OS1.
4 Abbreviated terms
AC alternating current
ACL 3-phase inductance equivalent to the leakage inductance of motor
DC direct current
DUT device under test
EMF electromotive force
3
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE

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ISO 21782-1:2022(E)
PWM pulse width modulation
RL ACL with series resistance equivalent to phase resistance of motor
RT room
...

2022-07-07
ISO/PRF 21782--1:2022(E)
ISO/TC 22/SC 37/WG 4
Secretariat: JARI/JISC DIN
Date: 2022-12-15
Electrically propelled road vehicles — Test specification for
electric propulsion components —
Part 1:
General test conditions and definitions
Véhicules routiers à propulsion électrique — Spécification d'essai pour les composants de propulsion
électrique —
Partie 1: Conditions generales et définitions
PROOF stage
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

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© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this
publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can
be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax: [phone]
EmailE-mail: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland

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ISO/PRF 21782-1:2022(E)
Contents
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
Part 1: General test conditions and definitions . 1
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 3
5 General test conditions . 4
5.1 Operating points . 4
5.1.1 Operating points for motor, inverter and motor system . 4
5.1.2 Operating points for DC/DC converter . 7
5.2 Methods for determining the rank for operating load test . 8
5.2.1 Target rank verification method . 8
5.2.2 Rank search method . 9
5.3 Provision for current, voltage and power measurement . 10
5.4 DC input voltage . 13
5.5 Temperature and humidity . 13
5.6 Measurement accuracy . 13
Annex A (informative) Formula of power . 15
Bibliography . 20

© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved iii

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ISO/PRF 21782-1:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Field Code Changed
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World
Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 37,
Electrically propelled vehicles.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 21782-1:2019), which has been editorially
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— — Additionaddition of Part ISO 21782-4, ISO 21782-5, and ISO 21782-7 general specifications and
requirements to Part 1this document;
— — correction of the subclause numbers cited in the Terms and definitions clause.
A list of all parts in the ISO 21782 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

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ISO/PRF 21782-1:2022(E)
Introduction
Until now, there was no international standardized test procedure for the motor system including motors,
inverters DC/DC converters and their combinations for electric propulsion systems of electrically
propelled road vehicles available. There are some International Standards for industrial use which
consider the steady/constant running of motors and inverters but do not consider the dynamic operation
(acceleration/deceleration).
The ISO 21782 series was prepared aiming at the reproducibility of test results which will enable to
compare and evaluate fairly the performance and reliability of electric propulsion system components
such as the motor system (the motor, inverter, DC/DC converter and their combinations).
The overview of the ISO 21782 series is in Tables 1Tables 1 to 77 shown below.
Table 1 — Contents of this document: General test conditions and definitions
Item of Part 1this document Description
Introduction Background and purpose of the ISO 21782 series
Terms and definitions Terms to use in the ISO 21782 series
Abbreviated terms Abbreviated terms to use in the ISO 21782 series
General test conditions Definition of general condition:
Definition of general condition:
— — operating point,
— — methods for determining the rank for operating load
test,
— — current, voltage and power,
General test conditions
Merged Cells
— — DC input voltage,
— — temperature and humidity,
— — measurement accuracy.
Table 2 — Contents of ISO 21782-2: Performance testing of the motor system
Motor DC/DC
Item of Part ISO Moto Inverte Choppe
Description syste converte
21782-2 r r r
m r
This test measures total loss and
Measurement of
total efficiency between the input
total loss and    5.1
power of inverter and the output
total efficiency
power of the motor.
This test investigates the
Temperature rise temperature rise characteristics of
   5.2
test each part of the motor system within
the specified range.
Torque This test measures the torque
characteristic characteristics specified in the    5.3
test specifications of the motor system.
Torque ripple This test measures the torque ripple
   5.4
test of the motor.
Table 3 — Contents of ISO 21782-3: Performance testing of the motor and the inverter
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ISO/PRF 21782-1:2022(E)
Motor DC/DC
Item of Part ISO Moto Inverte Choppe
Description syste converte
21782-3 r r r
m r
This test measures loss and
efficiency between the input power 5.1.1 5.2.1 5.3.1
Measurement of
and the output power.
loss and
This test measures conversion rate
efficiency
between the input power and the  5.2.1 5.3.1
output power.
This test investigates the
Temperature rise temperature rise characteristics of
5.1.2 5.2.2 5.3.2
test each part of the component within
the specified range.
Torque This test measures the torque
characteristic characteristics specified in the 5.1.3
test specifications of the motor.
This test measures the cogging
Cogging torque
torque of the permanent magnetic 5.1.4
test
motor.
Table 4 — Contents of ISO 21782-4: Performance testing of the DC/DC converter
Motor DC/DC
Item of Part ISO Moto Inverte Choppe
Description syste converte
21782-4 r r r
m r
Measurement of This test measures loss and
loss and efficiency between the input power     5.1
efficiency and the output power.
This test investigates the
Temperature rise temperature rise characteristics of
    5.2
test each part of the DC/DC converter
within the specified range.
Table 5 — Contents of ISO 21782-5: Operating load testing of the motor system
Motor DC/DC
Item of Part ISO Moto Inverte Choppe
Description syste converte
21782-5 r r r
m r
Cyclic test of output torque pattern
Endurance test endurance including maximum    5.1
torque and maximum speed
Surge voltage This test measures the surge voltage
measurement applied to the input terminals of the    5.2
test motor.
The test verifies the no control
Over speed test failure according to the over speed    5.3
and gives the corresponding rank.
Table 6 — Contents of ISO 21782-6: Operating load testing of the motor and the inverter
Motor DC/DC
Item of Part ISO Moto Inverte Choppe
Description syste converte
21782-6 r r r
m r
Cyclic test of high acceleration/
4.1.1
deceleration endurance
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ISO/PRF 21782-1:2022(E)
Motor DC/DC
Item of Part ISO Moto Inverte Choppe
Description syste converte
21782-6 r r r
m r
Cyclic test of torque pattern
Operation
endurance including maximum 4.1.2
endurance tests
torque
of motor
Over speed test 4.1.3
Operation Cyclic test of output current pattern
endurance tests endurance including maximum  4.2.1
of inverter current
Breakdown Contents of this test are mainly spin
strength test, data acquisition of mechanical 4.3.1
verification test strength of the motor.
Table 7 — Contents of ISO 21782-7: Operating load testing of the DC/DC converter
Motor DC/DC
Item of Part ISO Moto Inverte Choppe
Description syste converte
21782-7 r r r
m r
Cyclic test of output current pattern
Operation
endurance including maximum     5
endurance test
current
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ISO/PRF 21782-1:2022(E)
Electrically propelled road vehicles — Test specification for
electric propulsion components —
Part 1:
General test conditions and definitions
1 Scope
This document specifies the test procedures for performance and operating load for voltage class B
electric propulsion components (motor, inverter, DC/DC converter) and their combinations (motor
system) of electrically propelled road vehicles.
This document specifies the terms and definitions used in the ISO 21782 series and general test
conditions.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— — IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
chopper
DC electronic power converter (3.19(3.19)) without an intermediate AC link giving a variable output
voltage by varying the periods of conduction and non-conduction in an adjustable ratio
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-19-11, modified — The phrase "electronic power DC convertor" was
modified to "DC electronic power converter.]".]
3.2
conversion rate
ratio of output base wave power or output DC power to input DC power
3.3
DC/DC converter
DC electric power converter (3.19(3.19)) with an intermediate AC link transferring electric power
between a voltage class B electric circuit and a voltage class A insulated electric circuit
3.4
DC link inductor
component boosted by the chopper (3.1(3.1)) circuit, a magnetic energy storage and released in response
to actuation of the switching element
3.5
efficiency
ratio of output power to input power
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ISO/PRF 21782-1:2022(E)
3.6
induction motor
IM
AC electric motor in which the electric rotor current needed to produce torque is obtained by
electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding
EXAMPLE Asynchronous motor.
3.7
inverter
electric energy converter that changes direct electric current to single-phase or polyphase alternating
currents
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-13-46]
3.8
maximum current for duration of t0
It t
= 0
maximum current defined for the time frame t0 which can be constantly achieved for t0 seconds starting
from the steady-state condition of room temperature (RT) and the nominal cooling conditions until the
inverter (3.7(3.7)) and chopper (3.1(3.1)) reach the defined maximum temperature limit
3.9
maximum operating speed
upper limit revolution speed for the torque-motor speed characteristics
3.10
maximum power for duration of t
0
Pt t
= 0
maximum power defined for the time frame t which can be constantly achieved for t seconds starting
0 0
from the steady-state condition of RT and the nominal cooling conditions until the motor, inverter
(3.7(3.7)) and chopper (3.1(3.1)) reach the defined maximum temperature limit
3.11
maximum speed
n
m
highest defined speed which can maintain maximum power
Note 1 to entry: The maximum speed can be limited by control software or supplier's definitions.
3.12
motor system
electric propulsion system for an electrically propelled road vehicle comprising a combination of
components such as motor, inverter (3.7(3.7)) and if necessary, DC/DC converter (3.3(3.3))
3.13
maximum torque for duration of t
0
Mt t
= 0
highest torque defined for the time frame t which can be constantly achieved for t seconds until the
0 0
power limitation at higher speed starting from the steady-state condition of RT and the nominal cooling
conditions until the motor reaches the defined maximum temperature limit
3.14
maximum voltage for unlimited operating capability
highest value of OS1
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 21498-1 about OS1.
2 © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

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ISO/PRF 21782-1:2022(E)
3.15
minimum voltage for unlimited operating capability
lowest value of OS1
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 21498-1 about OS1.
3.16
no-load induced electromotive force
E
0
voltage generated in the armature when the motor is rotated at the rated speed (3.22(3.22)) as a power
generator while the terminal of the synchronous motor is opened
3.17
operating load test
test method that takes into account the deterioration due to the operation of the device itself
3.18
output frequency
frequency of the inverter (3.7(3.7)) output current
3.19
power converter
device that converts electric energy from DC to AC or from AC to DC
EXAMPLE AC frequency conversion, DC power conversion, etc.
3.20
permanent magnet motor
PM
motor using permanent magnets for the field magnetic poles
3.21
rated frequency
fr
output frequency (3.18(3.18)) at the operating point corresponding to the rated speed (3.22(3.22)) of the
combined motor
3.22
rated speed
n
r
intersection of the maximum torque for duration of t0 (3.13(3.13)) and iso-power line
3.23
rated voltage
u
r
central value of OS1
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 21498-1 about OS1.
4 Abbreviated terms
AC alternating current
ACL 3-phase inductance equivalent to the leakage inductance of motor
DC direct current
DUT device under test
EMF electromotive force
PWM pulse width modulation
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved 3

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ISO/PRF 21782-1:2022(E)
RL ACL with series resistance equivalent to phase resistance of motor
RT room temperature
5 General test conditions
5.1 Operating points
5.1.1 Operating points for motor, inverter and motor system
Operating points for motor, inverter and motor system are defined in Figure 1Figure 1 and
Tables 8Tables 8 and 99.
t0 shall be 2 s, 10 s or 1 800 s.
As an operation for t , also 30 s or 60 s may be chosen instead of 2 s and 10 s.
0

4 © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

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ISO/PRF 21782-1:2022(E)

Key
−1
n motor speed (in [min )]
F frequency (in [Hz)]
M torque (in [Nm)]
I current (in [A)]
M /I maximum motoring torque/current duration for t =2, 10 (in [Nm)/(in
...