ISO/IEC 30134-1:2016
(Main)Information technology — Data centres — Key performance indicators — Part 1: Overview and general requirements
Information technology — Data centres — Key performance indicators — Part 1: Overview and general requirements
ISO/IEC 30134-1:2016 specifies the following for the other parts of ISO/IEC 30134: a) a common structure; b) definitions, terminology and boundary conditions for KPIs of data centre resource usage effectiveness and efficiency; c) common requirements for KPIs of data centre resource usage effectiveness and efficiency; d) common objectives for KPIs of the data centre resource effectiveness and efficiency; e) general information regarding the use of KPIs of data centre resource usage effectiveness and efficiency.
Technologies de l'information — Centres de données — Indicateurs de performance clés — Partie 1: Aperçu et exigences générales
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INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 30134-1
First edition
2016-03-15
Information technology — Data
centres — Key performance
indicators —
Part 1:
Overview and general requirements
Technologies de l’information — Centres de données — Indicateurs de
performance clés —
Partie 1: Aperçu et exigences générales
Reference number
ISO/IEC 30134-1:2016(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2016
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ISO/IEC 30134-1:2016(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/IEC 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
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ii © ISO/IEC 2016 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC 30134-1:2016(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 3
4 Conformance . 3
5 Key performance indicators (KPIs) . 3
5.1 General . 3
5.2 Common objectives for KPIs . 4
5.3 Requirements for KPIs . 4
5.3.1 General. 4
5.3.2 Scale . 4
5.3.3 Evolution . 4
5.3.4 Formulae . 5
5.3.5 Definition of boundaries . 5
5.3.6 Reporting . 5
5.3.7 Definition of terms . 5
5.3.8 Measurement points and procedures . 5
5.3.9 Requirements . 5
5.3.10 Classifications . 5
5.4 Elements addressed within ISO/IEC 30134 . 5
5.5 Use of KPIs . 6
6 Data centre boundaries . 6
6.1 General . 6
6.2 Spatial and logical boundaries . 6
7 Data centre spaces and equipment . 7
7.1 Data centre spaces . 7
7.2 Data centre equipment (logical boundaries) . 7
7.2.1 IT and network telecommunications/infrastructure . . 7
7.2.2 Power generation and distribution infrastructure . 8
7.2.3 Environmental control/infrastructure . 8
7.2.4 Security and safety infrastructure . 8
Annex A (informative) KPI constraints and data centre criticality . 9
Bibliography .11
© ISO/IEC 2016 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO/IEC 30134-1:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, SC 39,
Sustainability for and by Information Technology.
ISO/IEC 30134 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology — Data
centres — Key performance indicators:
— Part 1: Overview and general requirements
1)
— Part 2: Power usage effectiveness (PUE)
— Part 3: Renewable energy factor (REF)
The following parts are under preparation:
— Part 4: IT equipment energy efficiency for servers (ITEE)
— Part 5: IT equipment utilization for servers (ITEU_SV)
Additional parts will be developed, each describing a specific KPI for resource usage effectiveness or
efficiency.
1) It is recognized that the term “efficiency” should be employed but “effectiveness” provides continuity with
earlier market recognition of the term.
iv © ISO/IEC 2016 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC 30134-1:2016(E)
Introduction
The global economy is now reliant on information and communication technologies and the associated
generation, transmission, dissemination, computation and storage of digital data. All markets have
experienced exponential growth in that data, for social, educational and business sectors and, while the
internet backbone carries the traffic, there are a wide variety of data centres at nodes and hubs within
both private enterprise and shared/collocation facilities.
The historical data generation growth rate exceeds the capacity growth rate of the information and
communications technology hardware and, with less than half (in 2014) of the world’s population
having access to an internet connection, that growth in data can only accelerate. In addition, with
many governments having “digital agendas” to provide both citizens and businesses with ever-faster
broadband access, the very increase in network speed and capacity will, by itself, generate ever more
usage (Jevons Paradox). Data generation and the consequential increase in data manipulation and
storage are directly linked to increasing power consumption.
With this background, it is clear that data centre growth, and power consumption in particular, is an
inevitable consequence and that growth will demand increasing power consumption despite the most
stringent energy efficiency strategies. This makes the need for key performance indicators (KPIs)
that cover the effective use of resources (including but not limited to energy) and the reduction of CO
2
emissions essential.
Within the ISO/IEC 30134 series, the term “resource usage effectiveness” is more generally used for
KPIs in preference to “resource usage efficiency”, which is restricted to situations where the input and
output parameters used to define the KPI have the same units.
In order to enable the optimum resource effectiveness of data centres, a suite of effective KPIs is needed
to measure and report on resources consumed in order to develop an improvement roadmap.
The ISO/IEC 30134 series is intended to accelerate the provision of operational infrastructures with
improved resource usage effectiveness.
The common objective of the KPIs is the effective or efficient use of resources. Examples are as follows:
a) the minimization of energy and other resource (e.g. water) consumption;
b) the task effectiveness of the IT load (data processing, storage and transport) within the data centre,
maximizing the IT output with the minimum energy consumption;
c) the energy reuse in the form of waste heat, if possible;
d) the use of renewable energy, both generated on site and off site.
The ISO/IEC 30134 series do not specify limits or targets for any KPI and do not describe or imply,
unless specifically stated, any form of aggregation of individual KPIs into a combined nor an overall KPI
for data centre resource usage effectiveness or efficiency.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 30134-1:2016(E)
Information technology — Data centres — Key
performance indicators —
Part 1:
Overview and general requirements
1 Scope
This part of ISO/IEC 30134 specifies the following for the other parts of ISO/IEC 30134:
a) a common structure;
b) definitions, terminology and boundary conditions for KPIs of data centre resource usage
effectiveness and efficiency;
c) common requirements for KPIs of data centre resource usage effectiveness and efficiency;
d) common objectives for KPIs of the data centre resource effectiveness and efficiency;
e) general information regarding the use of KPIs of data centre resource usage effectiveness and
efficiency.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references cited in this document.
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
building entrance facility
facility that provides all necessary mechanical and electrical services for the entry of telecommunications
cables into a building and which may allow for transition from external to internal cable
3.1.2
computer room space
area within the data centre that accommodates the data processing, data storage and telecommunication
equipment that provides the primary function of the data centre
3.1.3
control room space
area within the data centre used to control the operation of the data centre and to act as a central point
for all control and monitoring functions
© ISO/IEC 2016 – All rights reserved 1
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ISO/IEC 30134-1:2016(E)
3.1.4
data centre
structure, or group of structures, dedicated to the centralized accommodation, interconnection and
operation of information technology and network telecommunications equipment providing data
storage, processing and transport services together with all the facilities and infrastructures for power
distribution and environmental control together with the necessary levels of resilience and security
required to provide the desired service availability
Note 1 to entry: A structure can consist of multiple buildings and/or spaces with specific functions to support the
primary function.
Note 2 to entry: The boundaries of the structure or space considered the data centre, which includes the
information and communication technology equipment and supporting environmental controls, can be defined
within a larger structure or building.
3.1.5
electrical distribution space
area used for housing facilities to distribute electrical power between the transformer space and
electrical spaces within the data centre or elsewhere within the premises or individual buildings within
the premises
3.1.6
electrical space
area within the data centre used for housing facilities to deliver and control electrical power to the data
centre spaces (including switchboards, batteries, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), etc.)
3.1.7
generator space
area used for housing the installation of electrical power supply generation equipment together with
associated storage of fuels or energy conversion equipment
3.1.8
holding space
area within the data centre used for the holding of equipment prior to being brought into service or
having been taken out of service
3.1.9
information technology equipment
equipment providing data storage, processing and transport services including telecommunications
network equipment dedicated to providing direct connection to core and/or access networks
3.1.10
key performance indicator
number representing the resource usage effectiveness or efficiency of a given system
3.1
...
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/IEC DIS 30134-1.2
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 39 Secretariat: ANSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2015-08-03 2015-10-03
Information Technology — Data Centres — Key
performance indicators —
Part 1:
Overview and general requirements
Titre manque
ICS: 35.020
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/IEC DIS 30134-1.2:2015(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
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PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO/IEC 2015
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ISO/IEC DIS 30134-1.2:2015(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/IEC 2015, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO/IEC 2015 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC DIS 30134-1.2:2015-07-14
82 Contents
83 Introduction . 4
84 1 Scope . 6
85 2 Normative references . 6
86 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 6
87 3.1 Terms and definitions . 6
88 3.2 Abbreviations . 8
89 4 Conformance . 8
90 5 Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) . 8
91 5.1 General . 8
92 5.2 Common Objectives for KPIs . 8
93 5.3 Requirements for KPIs . 9
94 5.4 Elements addressed in the standards within the ISO/IEC 30134 series. 10
95 5.5 Use of KPIs . 10
96 6 Data Centre Boundaries . 10
97 6.1 Introduction . 10
98 6.2 Spatial and logical boundaries . 11
99 7 Data centre spaces and equipment . 11
100 7.1 Data centre spaces . 11
101 7.2 Data centre equipment (logical boundaries) . 11
102 Annex A (informative) KPI constraints and data centre criticality . 13
103 A.1 General . 13
104 A.2 Data centre availability objectives . 13
105 A.3 Data centre location . 14
106 Bibliography . 15
107
108
3
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ISO/IEC DIS 30134-1.2:2015-07-14
109 Information Technology- Data Centres – Key Performance
110 Indicators- Part 1: Overview and General Requirements
111 Introduction
112 The global economy is now reliant on information and communication technologies and the associated
113 generation, transmission, dissemination, computation and storage of digital data. All markets have
114 experienced exponential growth in that data, for social, educational and business sectors and, whilst the
115 internet backbone carries the traffic there are a wide variety of data centres at nodes and hubs within
116 both private enterprise and shared/collocation facilities.
117 The historical data generation growth rate exceeds the capacity growth rate of the information and
118 communications technology hardware and, with less than half (in 2014) of the world’s population having
119 access to an internet connection, that growth in data can only accelerate. In addition, with many
120 governments having ‘digital agendas’ to provide both citizens and businesses with ever-faster broadband
121 access, the very increase in network speed and capacity will, by itself, generate ever more usage
122 (Jevons Paradox). Data generation and the consequential increase in data manipulation and storage are
123 directly linked to increasing power consumption.
124
125 With this background it is clear that data centre growth, and power consumption in particular, is an
126 inevitable consequence and that growth will demand increasing power consumption despite the most
127 stringent energy efficiency strategies. This makes the need for Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) that
128 cover the effective use of resources (including but not limited to energy) and the reduction of carbon
129 emissions essential.
130 Within the ISO/IEC 30134 series, the term “resource usage effectiveness” is more generally used for
131 KPIs in preference to “resource usage efficiency”, which is restricted to situations where the input and
132 output parameters used to define the KPI have the same units.
133 In order to enable the optimum resource effectiveness of data centres a suite of effective KPI’s is needed
134 to measure and report on resources consumed in order to develop an improvement roadmap.
135 These standards are intended to accelerate the provision of operational infrastructures with improved
136 resource usage effectiveness.
137 The common objective of the KPIs is the effective or efficient use of resources, for example
138 a) the minimization of energy and other resource (e.g. water) consumption,
139 b) task effectiveness of the IT load (data processing, storage and transport) within the data centre,
140 maximizing the IT output with the minimum energy consumption,
141 c) energy reuse in the form of waste heat, if possible,
142 d) the use of renewable energy, both imported and generated on site.
143 At the time of publication of this International Standard the ISO/IEC 30134 series comprises the
144 following
145 • ISO/IEC 30134-1, Information Technology - Data Centres - Key Performance Indicators - Part 1:
146 Overview and General Requirements,
147 • ISO/IEC 30134-2, Information Technology - Data Centres - Key Performance Indicators - Part 2:
1
148 Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) ,
149 • ISO/IEC 30134-3, Information Technology - Data Centres - Key Performance Indicators - Part 3:
150 Renewable Energy Factor (REF),
151 • ISO/IEC 30134-4, Information Technology - Data Centres - Key Performance Indicators - Part 4: IT
152 Equipment Energy Efficiency for Servers (ITEE ),
SV
153 • ISO/IEC 30134-5, Information Technology - Data Centres - Key Performance Indicators - Part 5: IT
154 Equipment Utilization for Servers (ITEU ).
SV
1
It is recognised that the term “efficiency” should be employed but “effectiveness” provides continuity with earlier market
recognition of the term.
4
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ISO/IEC DIS 30134-1.2:2015-07-14
155 Additional standards in the series ISO/IEC 30134 will be developed, each describing a specific KPI for
156 resource usage effectiveness or efficiency.
157 These International Standards do not specify limits or targets for any KPI and do not describe or imply,
158 unless specifically stated, any form of aggregation of individual KPIs into a combined nor an overall KPI
159 for data centre resource usage effectiveness or efficiency.
160
5
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ISO/IEC DIS 30134-1.2:2015-07-14
161
162 1 Scope
163
164 This International Standard specifies the following for the other standards in the ISO/IEC 30134 series
165 a) a common structure,
166 b) definitions, terminology and boundary conditions for KPIs of data centre resource usage
167 effectiveness and efficiency,
168 c) common requirements for KPIs of data centre resource usage effectiveness and efficiency,
169 d) common objectives for KPIs of the data centre resource effectiveness and efficiency,
170 e) general information regarding the use of KPIs of data centre resource usage effectiveness and
171 efficiency.
172 2 Normative references
173 The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
174 indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
175 references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
176 Void.
177
178 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
179 3.1 Terms and definitions
180 For the purposes of this document the following terms and definitions apply.
181 3.1.1
182 building entrance facility
183 facility that provides all necessary mechanical and electrical services for the entry of telecommunications
184 cables into a building and which may allow for transition from external to internal cable
185 3.1.2
186 computer room space
187 area within the data centre that accommodates the data processing, data storage and telecommunication
188 equipment that provides the primary function of the data centre
189 3.1.3
190 control room space
191 area within the data centre used to control the operation of the data centre and to act as a central point
192 for all control and monitoring functions
193 3.1.4
194 data centre
195 structure, or group of structures, dedicated to the centralized accommodation, interconnection and
196 operation of information technology and network telecommunications equipment providing data storage,
197 processing and transport services together with all the facilities and infrastructures for power distribution
198 and environmental control together with the necessary levels of resilience and security required to
199 provide the desired service availability.
200 Note 1 to entry: A structure can consist of multiple buildings and/or spaces with specific functions to support
201 the primary function.
202 Note 2 to entry: the boundaries of the structure or space considered the data centre which includes the
203 information and communication technology equipment and supporting environmental controls can be defined
204 within a larger structure or building.
205 3.1.5
206 electrical distribution space
207 area used for housing facilities to distribute electrical power between the transformer space and electrical
208 spaces within the data centre or elsewhere within the premises or individual buildings within the premises
209
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ISO/IEC DIS 30134-1.2:2015-07-14
210 3.1.6
211 electrical space
212 area within the data centre used for housing facilities to deliver and control electrical power to the data
213 centre spaces (including switchboards, batteries, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) etc.)
214 3.1.7
215 generator space
216 area used for housing the installation of electrical power supply generation equipment together with
217 associated storage of fuels or energy conversion equipment
218 3.1.8
219 holding space
220 area within the data centre used for the holding of equipment prior to being brought into service or having
221 been taken out of service
222 3.1.9
223 information technology equipment
224 equipment providing data storage, processing and transport services together with the
225 telecommunications network equipment dedicated to providing direct connection to core and/or access
226 networks
227 3.1.10
228 key performance indicator
229 number representing the resource usage effectiveness or efficiency of the system
230 3.1.11
231 mechanical space
232 area that is used for housing mechanical equipment and infrastructure that provides environmental
233 control for the data centre spaces (including chillers and water treatment, air handling and fire
234 suppression systems)
235 3.1.12
236 resource usage effectiveness
237 ratio of resulting output to a resource consumed to produce that output when the input and output units
238 are not the same.
239 3.1.13
240 resource usage efficiency
241 ratio of output to the resource used by the device or system when the input and output units are the
242 same
243
244 Note 1 to entry: Resources in this context include, but are not limited to electricity and water, and each will be
245 defined within the same boundary conditions.
246
247 Note 2 to entry: The term is used generically to describe the conversion of a resource to an output or outcome,
248 such as miles of transit per litre of petroleum
249 3.1.14
250 storage space
251 secured area where general goods and/or data centre goods can be stored
252 3.1.15
253 telecommunications space
254 area which may house demarcation points and information technology equipment associated with the
255 building entrance facility and which may allow service providers restricted access to the data centre
256 3.1.16
257 testing space
258 area within the data centre used for the testing and configuring of equipment prior to being brought into
259 service
260 3.1.17
261 transformer space
262 area used for housing equipment necessary to convert primary electrical circuits to levels appropriate for
263 connection to the equipment within the premises or individual buildings within the premises
264
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ISO/IEC DIS 30134-1.2:2015-07-14
265 3.2 Abbreviations
266 For the purposes of this document the following abbreviations apply:
267 AC Alternative Current
268 DC Direct Current
269 IT Information Technology
270 KPI Key Performance Indicator
271 SLA Service Level Agreement
272 UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply
273
274 4 Conformance
275 In order for a KPI of data centre resource usage effectiveness or efficiency to be included in the
276 ISO/IEC 30134 series it shall
277 a) meet the common objectives outlined in 5.2,
278 b) meet the requirements of 5.3,
279 c) meet the structure requirements of 5.4,
280 d) meet the us
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