Plastics — Determination of abrasive wear by reciprocating linear sliding motion

This document specifies a test method for the determination of abrasive wear resistance of plastics using abrasive material on a reciprocating motion. It also specifies calculation method for specific wear rate.

Plastiques — Détermination de la résistance à l'abrasion par la méthode du panneau d'essai en va-et-vient

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Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Sep-2020
Current Stage
6060 - International Standard published
Start Date
15-Sep-2020
Due Date
08-Aug-2020
Completion Date
15-Sep-2020
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ISO 20329:2020 - Plastics -- Determination of abrasive wear by reciprocating linear sliding motion
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20329
First edition
2020-09
Corrected version
2020-10
Plastics — Determination of abrasive
wear by reciprocating linear sliding
motion
Plastiques — Détermination de la résistance à l'abrasion par la
méthode du panneau d'essai en va-et-vient
Reference number
ISO 20329:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020

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ISO 20329:2020(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

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ISO 20329:2020(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus . 3
5.1 Test apparatus . 3
5.2 Abrasive material . 4
5.3 Balance . 4
6 Test specimens. 4
6.1 Test specimens . 4
6.2 Conditioning . 4
7 Procedures . 4
7.1 Abrasive and load selection . 4
7.2 Preparation and installation of the wheel . 4
7.3 Adjustment of loading system . 4
7.4 Test atmosphere . 5
7.5 Procedure of the preliminary abrasion . 5
7.6 Procedure of the main test . 5
7.7 Test for the remaining specimens . 5
8 Evaluation of the main test . 6
8.1 Wear mass . 6
8.2 Wear resistance . 6
8.3 Specific wear rate. 6
9 Precision . 6
10 Test report . 7
Annex A (informative) Precision . 8
Annex B (informative) Typical test apparatus .11
Annex C (informative) Linear relationship between number of reciprocations and wear mass .12
Bibliography .14
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii

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ISO 20329:2020(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 2,
Mechanical behaviour.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
This corrected version of ISO 20329:2020 incorporates the following corrections:
— in the introduction, minor editorial corrections have been applied;
— in Clause 4 and 8.1, editorial corrections have been applied to clarify the procedure;
— in 8.2, a note regarding the number of reciprocations has been added.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

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ISO 20329:2020(E)

Introduction
The reciprocating test specimen method is an abrasive wear test, based on frictional force generated at
the contact surface between test specimen and abrasive material. Frictional force is applied repeatedly
over the wear surface, by an abrasive material under load being applied to it in a perpendicular direction
and horizontal reciprocating motion of test specimen. In this test method, abrasive wear resistance
is usually evaluated by measuring wear mass per unit number of reciprocations or by specific wear
rate, which is wear mass per unit load and unit sliding distance. Specific wear rate is one parameter for
evaluating wear resistance in the field of tribology.
When conducting abrasive wear tests with abrasive contact, it is important to take into consideration
the changes in grinding force of the abrasive material due to clogging. In this test method, an abrasive
material is attached to the circumference of a wheel. The wheel itself is rotated by a small angle for
each reciprocating motion (the wheel does not rotate during the reciprocating motion). Therefore,
after each reciprocating motion, unused section of the abrasive material comes in contact with the
test specimen. Also, the test specimen is installed with the surface to be tested facing down, where
the abrasive material is placed into contact from underneath the test specimen, and wear particles or
debris are not likely to collect in the wear surface. Due to the above factors, the influence of changes in
grinding force of abrasive material due to clogging on test results is reduced, and wear mass per unit
number of reciprocations is consistent. As a result, specific wear rate irrespective of sliding distance
can be obtained.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20329:2020(E)
Plastics — Determination of abrasive wear by
reciprocating linear sliding motion
1 Scope
This document specifies a test method for the determination of abrasive wear resistance of plastics using
abrasive material on a reciprocating motion. It also specifies calculation method for specific wear rate.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 291, Plastics — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
ISO 80000-1:2009, Quantities and units — Part 1: General
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
abrasive wear
progressive loss of material from the abrading surface of a plastics material resulting from the cutting
or scratching action of the abrasive contact
3.2
load
W
force applied to the specimen
Note 1 to entry: Expressed in units of N.
3.3
wear resistance
R
resistance to wear, which is expressed as wear mass per reciprocation in this test method
Note 1 to entry: Expressed in the unit of “mg / reciprocation” [see 8.2, Formula (1)].
Note 2 to entry: This mass is actually force measured in a scale.
3.4
specific wear rate
w
s
wear mass per unit sliding distance and unit load
Note 1 to entry: Expressed in the unit of “mg / N•m” [see 8.3, Formula (3)].
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ISO 20329:2020(E)

Note 2 to entry: This mass is actually force measured in a scale.
4 Principle
A test specimen is installed horizontally onto a specimen stage so that the test surface faces down, and
the test surface is abraded from below. The test specimen is fixed in place by being pressed against the
specimen stage from above with a specimen holder, in order to maintain the horizontal position on the
specimen stage.
A section of an abrasive material in strip form, which is attached to the circumference of the wheel
by avoiding any overlaps or gaps, comes in contact with the installed test specimen from underneath.
A load is applied onto the abrasive contact from below in perpendicular upward direction. With the
specimen stage, along with the test specimen, going through reciprocating motions in horizontal
direction with a specified stroke length, frictional force in the horizontal direction between the test
specimen and the abrasive material is generated. The reciprocating motions are repeated at a specified
reciprocating frequency (reciprocation / min), and the frictional force is applied repeatedly to the same
wear surface, and the wear of the test specimen continues to progress with the increased number of
reciprocations.
At the completion of each reciprocating motion of the test specimen, the wheel rotates 0,9° to expose
an unused section of the abrasive material to contact the specimen. The wheel does not rotate during
reciprocating motions. When the wheel finishes making a full rotation, the abrasive material is replaced
so that the same section of the abrasive material is never reused again.
Figure 1 describes this principle. The mass of test specimen is measured after preliminary abrasion
and after the main test. The wear mass is calculated from the difference in the measured values.
NOTE 1 The method of installing test specimen with its test surface facing down is developed in order to
minimize the amount of wear debris collected on the wear surface of the test specimen.
NOTE 2 A wheel is used in order to present unused section of abrasive material as contact surface. Abrasive
wear in this test method is due to sliding friction and not due to rolling friction.
2 © I
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