ISO/FDIS 23577

Ships and marine technology -- Cargo securing systems on ships -- Vocabulary

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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 23577
ISO/TC 8/SC 4 Secretariat: SAC
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2020-03-19 2020-06-11
Terms and definitions for cargo securing systems on ships
ICS: ISO ics
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 23577:2020(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2020
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 23577:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may

be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting

on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address

below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 23577:2020(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3.1 General terms for cargo securing system......................................................................................................................... 1

3.2 Terms for container securing ..................................................................................................................................................... 4

3.3 Terms for ro-ro cargo securing ................................................................................................................................................. 8

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................11

© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 23577:2020(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the

World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following

URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology,

Subcommittee SC 4, Outfitting and deck machinery.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 23577:2020(E)
Terms and definitions for cargo securing systems on ships
1 Scope

This document specifies general terms for cargo securing systems on ships as well as specific terms on

cargo securing on container ships, ro-ro ships.

This document is applicable to the design, manufacture, trade, teaching and other fields of cargo

securing systems of different ships..
2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 3874, Series 1 freight containers — Handling and securing

IMO Assembly Resolution A. 489(XII), Safe stowage and securing of cargo units and other entities in

ships other than cellular containerships

IMO Assembly Resolution A. 581(14), Guidelines for securing arrangements for the transport of road

vehicles on ro-ro ships
3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, terms and definitions in ISO 3874 and the following apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
3.1 General terms for cargo securing system
3.1.1
Cargo securing devices
All fixed and loose devices used to secure and support cargo units
3.1.2
Fixed fittings
Securing devices permanently installed in the vessel
3.1.3
Loose fittings
Securing devices not permanently installed in the vessel
3.1.4
Maximum securing load (MSL)
The maximum allowable load capacity for a device used to secure cargo to a ship
3.1.5
Proof load (PL)
The test load during testing of securing devices
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 1
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ISO/DIS 23577:2020(E)
3.1.6
Minimum breaking load (MBL)
The tested minimum breaking strength of a securing device
3.1.7
Cargo securing manual

The instruction on ship’s cargo arrangement, stacking and securing used to ensure safe securing and

stacking of the cargo
3.1.8
Transverse acceleration

Acceleration parallel to the ship’s deck in transverse direction due to the ship’s motion

3.1.9
Longitudinal acceleration

Acceleration parallel to the ship’s deck in longitudinal direction due to the ship’s motion

3.1.10
Vertical acceleration

Acceleration perpendicular to the ship’s deck in vertical direction due to the ship’s motion

3.1.11
Lashing point

Hole structure or ring structure used to bear lashing force either on the cargo or vessel

3.1.12
Cargo safe access
Area used by the operator for safe operation of cargo securing devices
3.1.13
Lashing system

A system combining several securing products together in a certain manner to ensure cargo

transportation safety through combined action
3.1.14
Lashing point plan
Layout plan of fixed fittings on a ship
3.1.15
Wind load
Force by wind to cargo units above the weather deck
3.1.16
Sea load
Force by sea to cargo units above the weather deck
3.1.17
Securing
The process to secure cargo with cargo securing devices
3.1.18
Securing force
Force required to prevent cargo from shifting on board, based on calculations
3.1.19
Ship’s cargo

The cargo or cargo unit which needs to be loaded on ships or other water floating units for water

transport
2 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DIS 23577:2020(E)
3.1.20
Cargo unit

A vehicle, container, flat, pallet, portable tank, packaged unit, or any other entity, etc., and loading

equipment, or any part thereof, which belongs to the ship but is not fixed to the ship as defined in

Assembly Resolution A.489(XII)
3.1.21
Standardized cargo

Cargo for which the ship is provided with an approved securing system based upon cargo units of

specific types, such as containers, railway wagons and shipborne barges etc.
3.1.22
Semi-standardized cargo

Cargo for which the ship is provided with a securing system capable of accommodating a limited variety

of cargo units, such as vehicles, trailers, etc.
3.1.23
Non-standardized cargo
Cargo which requires individual stowage and securing arrangements
3.1.24
Gravity center of cargo unit

The point of action of the resultant force of gravity borne by different parts of cargo unit

3.1.25
Lashing angle

Angle between lashing device and horizontal plane or vertical plane, also called securing angle, see

Figure 1
Figure 1 — Different angles diagram
3.1.26
Vertical lashing angle α
Angle between the lashing device and the horizontal plane, see Figure 1
3.1.27
Horizontal lashing angle β

Angle between the lashing device and the transverse direction on board the vessel, see Figure 1

3.1.28
Lashing interference

Conditions where securing equipment conflict with each other or with the vessel structure

3.1.29
Storage device

Device used to store loose fittings, including storage rack and storage bin, etc.

3.1.30
Storage rack
The rack used to store loose fittings
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 3
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ISO/DIS 23577:2020(E)
3.1.31
Storage bin
The bin used to store loose fittings
3.1.32
Lashing

Securing method to prevent cargo from shifting which may impact transportation safety

3.2 Terms for container securing
3.2.1
(Container) Securing fittings

Securing devices used between containers and between a container and the deck, hatch cover, or bilge,

to prevent the container from longitudinal, transverse, or vertical movements relative to the hull during

transportation
3.2.2
(Container) Lashing fittings
Securing devices used to lash a container to a hatch cover or deck
3.2.3
(Container) Buttress fittings

Securing devices used to eliminate the clearance between a container and a longitudinal bulkhead and

transfer any transverse forces to the longitudinal bulkhead
3.2.4
Twistlock

Structural part used for securing between containers or between the container and fixed fittings and

bearing longitudinal, transverse and vertical forces, provided with opening and closing devices.

3.2.5
Lashing rod

Rod-shaped structural part used to resist container distortion and improve the stack we

...

FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 23577
ISO/TC 8/SC 4
Ships and marine technology —
Secretariat: SAC
Cargo securing systems on ships —
Voting begins on:
2020­12­24 Vocabulary
Voting terminates on:
2021­02­18
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
ISO/FDIS 23577:2020(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN­
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO 2020
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 23577:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may

be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting

on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address

below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH­1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 23577:2020(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3.1 General terms for cargo securing system......................................................................................................................... 1

3.2 Terms for container securing ..................................................................................................................................................... 5

3.3 Terms for ro­ro cargo securing ................................................................................................................................................. 9

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................12

© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 23577:2020(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non­governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the

World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/

iso/ foreword .html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology,

Subcommittee SC 4, Outfitting and deck machinery.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A

complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 23577:2020(E)
Ships and marine technology — Cargo securing systems on
ships — Vocabulary
1 Scope

This document specifies general terms for cargo securing systems on ships, as well as specific terms for

cargo securing on container ships and on ro­ro ships.

It is applicable to the design, manufacture, trade, teaching and other fields of cargo securing systems

on ships.

NOTE ISO 3874 defines specific terms for handling and securing methods on series 1 freight containers.

2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 General terms for cargo securing system
3.1.1
cargo securing device
securing device
fixed and portable devices used to secure and support cargo units (3.1.20)
3.1.2
fixed fitting
securing device (3.1.1) permanently installed in the vessel
3.1.3
portable fitting
loose fitting
securing device (3.1.1) not permanently installed in the vessel
3.1.4
maximum securing load
MSL
maximum allowable load capacity for a device used to secure cargo to a ship
3.1.5
proof load
test load during testing of a securing device (3.1.1)
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 1
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ISO/FDIS 23577:2020(E)
3.1.6
minimum breaking load
MBL
tested minimum breaking strength of a securing device (3.1.1)
3.1.7
cargo securing manual

document that specifies the arrangements to be used, and the cargo securing fittings (3.2.1) provided on

board, to ensure safe stowage, stacking and securing (3.1.17) of the cargo
Note 1 to entry: It is a mandatory ship-specific document.
3.1.8
transverse acceleration

acceleration parallel to the ship’s deck in transverse direction, due to the ship’s motion

3.1.9
longitudinal acceleration

acceleration parallel to the ship’s deck in longitudinal direction, due to the ship’s motion

3.1.10
vertical acceleration

acceleration perpendicular to the ship’s deck in vertical direction, due to the ship’s motion

3.1.11
lashing point

structure used to bear the force of the lashing and to distribute it to the structure of the hull (or cargo),

which can be e.g. a hole, a ring or a bar
3.1.12
cargo safe access

area used by the operator for the safe operation of cargo securing devices (3.1.1)

3.1.13
cargo securing system

system combining several securing devices (3.1.1) and structures together to ensure cargo

transportation safety through combined action
3.1.14
fixed fitting arrangement plan
layout plan of fixed fittings (3.1.2) on a ship
3.1.15
wind load
force by wind affecting cargo units (3.1.20) on open decks
3.1.16
sea load
force by sea affecting cargo units (3.1.20) on open decks
3.1.17
securing
process to secure cargo with cargo securing devices (3.1.1)
3.1.18
securing force

force required to prevent cargo from shifting, e.g. sliding or tipping on board, based on calculations

3.1.19
ship’s cargo

cargo or cargo unit (3.1.20) loaded on ships or other floating units for sea transport

2 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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ISO/FDIS 23577:2020(E)
3.1.20
cargo unit

loading equipment, or any part thereof, which belongs to the ship but is not fixed to the ship, such as

vehicles, containers, flats, pallets, portable tanks, packaged units, or any other entity

[7]

Note 1 to entry: The IMO Assembly Resolution A.489(XII) defines cargo units and other entities in 1.

3.1.21
standardized cargo

cargo for which the ship is provided with an approved securing system based upon cargo units (3.1.20)

of specific types, such as e.g. containers, railway wagons and shipborne barges
3.1.22
semi-standardized cargo

cargo for which the ship is provided with a securing system capable of accommodating a limited variety

of cargo units (3.1.20), such as e.g. vehicles and trailers
3.1.23
non-standardized cargo
cargo that requires individual stowage and securing arrangements
3.1.24
gravity centre of cargo unit

point of action of the resultant force of gravity borne by different parts of a cargo unit (3.1.20)

3.1.25
lashing angle
securing angle
angle between a lashing device and the horizontal plane or vertical plane
3.1.26
vertical lashing angle
lashing angle (3.1.25) between a lashing device and the horizontal plane.
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.1.27
horizontal lashing angle

lashing angle (3.1.25) between a lashing device and the transverse direction on board the vessel

Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 3
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ISO/FDIS 23577:2020(E)
Key
1 vertical lashing angle, α
2 horizontal lashing angle, β
Figure 1 — Lashing angles diagram
3.1.28
lashing interference

conditions where securing equipment conflict with each other or with the vessel structure

3.1.29
storage device
device used to store portable fittings (3.1.3)
EXAMPLE Storage rack (3.1.30), storage bin (3.1.31).
3.1.30
storage rack
rack used to store portable fittings (3.1.3)
3.1.31
storage bin
bin used to store portable fittings (3.1.3)
3.1.32
lashing

securing (3.1.17) method providing pulling forces to prevent cargo from shifting, which can impact

transportation safety
EXAMPLE Securing containers with lashing rods (3.2.5) and turnbuckles (3.2.30).
3.1.33
cargo securing method

securing (3.1.17) method to prevent cargo from shifting by lashing (3.1.32), blocking or locking by

respectively providing a pulling force, pushing force or both
3.1.34
tensioning device
device used to tighten lashings
4 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 23577:2020(E)
3.2 Terms for container securing
3.2.1
container securing fitting
securing fitting

securing device (3.1.1) used between containers and between a container and the deck, hatch cover, or

bilge, to prevent the container from longitudinal, transverse or vertical movements relative to the hull

during transportation
3.2.2
container lashing fitting
lashing fitting
securing device (3.1.1) used to lash a container to a hatch cover or deck
3.2.3
container buttress fitting
buttress fitting

securing device (3.1.1) used to eliminate the clearance between a container and a longitudinal bulkhead,

and to transfer any transverse forces to the longitudinal bulkhead
3.2.4
twistlock

portable fitting (3.1.3) used for securing (3.1.17) between containers or between the container and fixed

fittings (3.1.2), bearing longitudinal, transverse and vertical forces, and provided with opening and

closing devices
3.2.5
lashing rod

rod­shaped portable fitting (3.1.3) used to resist container distortion and to improve the stack weight

of the container
3.2.6
bridge fitting

portable fitting (3.1.3) used for the transverse connection of roof corners on the top of adjacent

containers
3.2.7
allowable torsion
safe racking load allowed by the container
3.2.8
allowable pressure
safe pressure allowed by the conta
...