ISO 7240-15:2004

Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 15: Point type fire detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization sensors in combination with a heat sensor

ISO 7240-15:2004 specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for point-type resettable multisensor fire detectors for use in fire detection systems installed in buildings, incorporating in one mechanical enclosure at least one smoke sensor and at least one other sensor which responds to heat, and in which the signal(s) of the smoke sensor(s) is/are combined with the signal(s) of the heat sensor(s). The performance of single components within a multisensor fire detector covered by this standard may not be sufficient for conformity to other standards for the single sensor.

Systèmes de détection et d'alarme d'incendie — Partie 15: Détecteurs d'incendie multicapteurs

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 25-Feb-2004
• Withdrawal Date: 25-Feb-2004
• ICS: 13.220.20 - Fire protection
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 21/SC 3 - Fire detection and alarm systems
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 21/SC 3 - Fire detection and alarm systems
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Completion Date: 23-Jun-2014

Relations

• Revised: ISO 7240-15:2014 - Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 15: Point-type fire detectors using smoke and heat sensors
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2012
• Consolidates: ISO 1864:1975 - Title missing - Legacy paper document
• Effective Date: 28-Feb-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 7240-15
First edition
2004-03-01


Fire detection and alarm systems —
Part 15:
Multisensor fire detectors
Systèmes de détection et d'alarme d'incendie —
Partie 15: Détecteurs d'incendie multicapteurs




Reference number
ISO 7240-15:2004(E)
©
ISO 2004

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ISO 7240-15:2004(E)
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ii © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved

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ISO 7240-15:2004(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope. 1
2 References. 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 2
3.1 Terms and definitions. 2
3.2 Abbreviations. 3
4 Functions. 3
4.1 General. 3
4.2 Optional functions. 3
5 General requirements. 4
5.1 Design considerations. 4
5.2 Applicability. 4
5.3 Individual alarm indication. 4
5.4 Indication of other conditions. 4
5.5 Calibration. 4
5.6 Sensitivity adjustment. 4
5.7 Sensitivity attenuation and signal disablement. 5
5.8 Monitoring of detachable detectors . 5
5.9 Drift compensation. 5
5.10 Marking. 5
5.11 Technical documentation. 6
5.12 Manufacturer's declaration. 6
5.13 Electrical requirements. 6
5.14 Protection against ingress of foreign bodies. 6
5.15 Requirements for software-controlled multisensor fire detectors . 6
5.16 Storage of programs and data. 8
5.17 Monitoring of memory contents — Optional function . 8
6 Tests. 8
6.1 General. 8
6.2 Repeatability. 13
6.3 Directional dependence. 13
6.4 Reproducibility. 14
6.5 Variation in supply parameters (voltage) . 14
6.6 Air movement. 15
6.7 Dazzling. 15
6.8 Dry heat (operational). 16
6.9 Cold (operational). 16
6.10 Damp heat, steady state (operational) . 17
6.11 Damp heat, steady state (endurance) . 18
6.12 Sulfur dioxide (SO ) corrosion (endurance) . 19
2
6.13 Shock (operational). 20
6.14 Impact (operational). 21
6.15 Vibration, sinusoidal (operational). 22
6.16 Vibration, sinusoidal (endurance) . 23
6.17 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 24
6.18 Fire sensitivity. 24
6.19 Special requirements on detector sensitivity — Optional function. 26
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ISO 7240-15:2004(E)
7 Test report.26
Annex A (normative) Smoke tunnel .27
Annex B (informative) Construction of the measuring ionization chamber .32
Annex C (normative) Heat tunnel for temperature-response value measurements .36
Annex D (informative) Construction of the heat tunnel .37
Annex E (normative) Apparatus for the dazzling test.39
Annex F (normative) Apparatus for the impact test.40
Annex G (normative) Fire test room .42
Annex H (normative) Open cellulosic (wood) fire (TF1).44
Annex I (normative) Smouldering (pyrolysis) wood fire (TF2).46
Annex J (normative) Glowing smouldering cotton fire (TF3).48
Annex K (normative) Flaming plastics (polyurethane) fire (TF4).50
Annex L (normative) Flaming liquid (n-heptane) fire (TF5) .52
Annex M (normative) Liquid (methylated spirits) fire (TF6).54
Annex N (normative) Low-temperature black-smoke liquid (decalin) fire (TF8) .56
Annex O (informative) Compensation for detector drift .58

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ISO 7240-15:2004(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 7240-15 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 21, Equipment for fire protection and fire fighting,
Subcommittee SC 3, Fire detection and alarm systems.
ISO 7240 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fire detection and alarm systems:
 Part 1: General and definitions
 Part 2: Control and indicating equipment
 Part 4: Power supply equipment
 Part 5: Point-type heat detectors
 Part 6: Carbon monoxide fire detectors
 Part 7: Point-type smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionisation
 Part 11: Manual call points
 Part 14: Guidelines for drafting codes of practice for design, installation and use of fire detection and fire
alarm systems in and around buildings
Compatibility assessment of system components will be the subject of the future Part 13.
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ISO 7240-15:2004(E)
Introduction
This part of ISO 7240 for multisensor fire detectors describes requirements for different types of multisensor
fire detectors.
This part of ISO 7240 is drafted on the basis of functions which are required to be provided on all multisensor
fire detectors covered by this standard, and optional functions with requirements which may be provided. It is
intended that the options will be used for specific applications, as recommended in application guidelines.
Each optional function is included as a separate entity, with its own set of associated requirements, in order to
permit multisensor fire detectors covered by this standard with different combinations of functions to conform
to this standard.
Other functions associated with fire detection and fire alarm may also be provided, even if not specified in this
part of ISO 7240, if they do not jeopardize any function required by this document.

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7240-15:2004(E)

Fire detection and alarm systems —
Part 15:
Multisensor fire detectors
1 Scope
This part of ISO 7240 specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for point-type resettable
multisensor fire detectors for use in fire detection systems installed in buildings, incorporating in one
mechanical enclosure at least one smoke sensor and at least one other sensor which responds to heat, and in
which the signal(s) of the smoke sensor(s) is (are) combined with the signal(s) of the heat sensor(s).
The performance of single components within a multisensor fire detector covered by this standard may not be
sufficient for conformity to other standards for the single sensor.
Certain types of detectors may contain radioactive materials. The national requirements for radiation
protection differ from country to country and they are not therefore specified in this standard. However, such
detectors are expected to conform to the national requirements and be in line with the recommendations of
1)
the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) .
2 References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 209-1, Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys — Chemical composition and forms of products —
Part 1: Chemical composition
ISO 7240-1, Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 1: General and definitions
ISO 7240-5, Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 5: Point-type heat detectors
ISO 7240-7, Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 7: Point-type smoke detectors using scattered light,
transmitted light or ionization
IEC 60068-1, Environmental testing — Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 60068-2-1, Environmental testing — Part 2: Tests. Tests A: Cold
IEC 60068-2-6, Environmental testing — Part 2: Tests. Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-27, Environmental testing — Part 2: Tests. Test Ea and guidance: Shock

1) OECD, Recommendations for ionization smoke detectors in implementation of radiation protection standards. Nuclear
Energy Agency, Organisation for economic Co-operation and Development, Paris, France
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ISO 7240-15:2004(E)
IEC 60068-2-42, Environmental testing — Part 2-42: Tests. Test Kc: Sulphur dioxide test for contacts and
connections
IEC 60068-2-78, Environmental testing — Part 2-78: Tests — Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state
EN 50130-4, Alarm systems — Part 4: Electromagnetic compatibility — Product family standard: Immunity
requirements for components of fire, intruder and social alarm systems
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 7240-1, ISO 7240-5, ISO 7240-7
and the following apply.
3.1.1
detector response
defined change of the status of a fire detector after actuation of an alarm signal
3.1.2
multisensor fire detector
detector incorporating sensors within one mechanical housing which responds to more than one physical
phenomenon of fire, e.g. smoke and heat, smoke and gas or heat and gas
NOTE The mechanism for actuating alarm signals or for operating automatic fire protection equipment may be
located with the detector or in another part of the system, for example at the control and indicating equipment.
3.1.3
non-volatile memory
memory elements which do not require the presence of an energy source for the retention of their contents
3.1.4
sensor response
defined change of the output signal of a sensing element
NOTE The output signal may be a response to combustion or may result from environmental influences such as
temperature, wind, air pressure, electromagnetic irradiation, etc.
3.1.5
site-specific detector data
alterable data required for the detector to operate in a defined detector configuration
3.1.6
smoke-response value
A
sr
aerosol density in the proximity of a test specimen at the moment that it generates a reference signal in a
smoke tunnel
3.1.7
temperature-response value
temperature in the proximity of a test specimen at the moment that it generates a reference signal
3.1.8
volatile memory
memory elements which require the presence of an energy source for the retention of their contents
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ISO 7240-15:2004(E)
3.2 Abbreviations
3.2.1
c.i.e.
control and indicating equipment
3.2.2
MSFD
multisensor fire detector
4 Functions
4.1 General
The MSFD shall be capable of detecting the mandatory test fires as specified in 6.18.3.1.
The MSFD shall be capable of processing signals from all incorporated sensing elements intended to respond
to a fire parameter. At least a common signal shall be produced (either in the MSFD itself or in the c.i.e.)
which can be interpreted as a fire alarm signal.
Means shall be provided for the transmission of the fire signal to the c.i.e.
Where the mechanism for actuating alarm signals is located in the c.i.e., means shall be provided for the
transmission of all signals which are necessary for the actuation process.
4.2 Optional functions
4.2.1 Requirements for optional functions
Each optional function is included as a separate entity, with its own set of associated requirements, in order to
permit multisensor fire detectors covered by this part of ISO 7240 with different combinations of functions to
conform to this document.
If an option is taken, all the corresponding requirements shall be met.
The fault of an option shall not jeopardize any function required by this part of ISO 7240.
4.2.2 Types of optional functions
The MSFD may include one or more of the following optional functions:
a) be capable of detecting one or more of the optional fires specified in 6.18.3.1;
b) be provided with means for monitoring the integrity of one or more sensing elements;
c) be provided with means (remote or internal) for changing its response behaviour;
NOTE A change in the response behaviour could be caused by changing a detection algorithm of the MSFD;
d) be capable of visually indicating conditions other than a fire alarm (e.g. fault or stand-by);
e) be provided with a means of calibration;
f) be designed in such a way that the detector head can be detached from its base;
g) provide for connections to ancillary devices, e.g. remote indicators, control relays, etc;
h) provide for special sensitivity settings in order to limit its sensitivity (see 6.19).
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ISO 7240-15:2004(E)
5 General requirements
5.1 Design considerations
MSFDs should be designed for installation under the same conditions as other fire detectors specified in the
other parts of ISO 7240. MSFDs shall be designed so that they are reliable and sufficiently durable for their
intended period of use. In particular, MSFDs shall withstand the environmental conditions which may occur in
buildings.
MSFDs shall be so designed that the signal(s) from the smoke sensor(s), combined with the signal(s) from the
heat sensor(s), produce a fire signal.
NOTE In some cases, a fire alarm signal can result from only one element, but the overall fire performance is
dependent on signals from more than one sensor being combined in some form of signal processing.
5.2 Applicability
In order to conform with this standard, the detector shall meet the requirements of Clauses 4 and 5, shall be
tested as described in Clause 6 and shall meet the requirements of the tests.
5.3 Individual alarm indication
Each detector shall be provided with an integral red visual indicator, by which the individual detector which
released an alarm can be identified, until the alarm condition is reset. Where other conditions of the detector
may be visually indicated, they shall be clearly distinguishable from the alarm condition, except when the
detector is switched into a service mode.
For detachable detectors, the indicator may be integral with the base or the detector head.
The visual indicator shall be visible from a distance of 6 m at an angle of up to 5° from the axis of the detector
in any direction, in ambient light intensity up to 500 lx.
5.4 Indication of other conditions
Where other conditions of the status of the detector are indicated visually, they shall be clearly distinguishable
from the alarm indication.
5.5 Calibration
Where means of calibration are provided, they shall not be readily adjustable after manufacture.
5.6 Sensitivity adjustment
Where means for field adjustment of the sensitivity of the detector are provided, then
a) unless the requirements of 5.7 are met, the range of adjustment shall be limited such that the detector
meets the requirements of this standard at the highest and lowest sensitivities possible;
b) the means of adjustment shall not be readily accessible when the detector is installed and ready for
operation.
For the purpose of this clause, adjustment of sensitivity includes any adjustment which leads to a change in
the response to fire.
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ISO 7240-15:2004(E)
5.7 Sensitivity attenuation and signal disablement
Where means are provided (remotely or internally) to switch off signals from a sensing element or to change
the sensitivity of the detector so that it no longer meets the requirements of this part of ISO 7240, this change
in status shall be made available to the c.i.e.
5.8 Monitoring of detachable detectors
For detachable detectors, a means (e.g. the c.i.e.) shall be provided for a remote monitoring system to detect
the removal of the head from the base, in order to give a fault signal.
5.9 Drift compensation
The provision of “drift compensation” (e.g. to compensate for sensor drift due to the build-up of dirt in the
detector) shall not lead to a significant reduction in the sensitivity of the detector to slowly developing fires.
Since it is not practical to make tests with very slow increases in smoke density, an assessment of the
response of the detector to slow increases in smoke density shall be made by analysis of the circuit/software
and/or physical tests and simulations.
The detector shall be deemed to meet the requirements of this subclause if this assessment shows the
following:
a) for any rate of increase in smoke density, R, which is greater than 25 % of the initial uncompensated
smoke response value of the detector, A , per hour, the time for the detector to give an alarm, does not
sr,u
exceed 1,6 × (A /R) by more than 100 s;
sr,u
b) the range of total compensation C is limited such that C < 0,6 A throughout this range, and that the
t t sr,u
fully compensated smoke response value, A , of the detector does not exceed its initial value by a
sr,c
factor greater than 1,6 (see Annex O).
5.10 Marking
Each detector shall be clearly marked with the following information:
a) a reference to this part of ISO 7240 (e.g. ISO 7240-15:2003);
b) the name or trademark of the manufacturer or supplier;
c) the model designation (type or number);
d) the terminal designations;
e) some mark or code by which the manufacturer can identify, at least, the date or batch of manufacture
(e.g. a serial number or batch code).
For detachable detectors, the marking of the detector head shall include items a), b), c) and e) and the base
shall be marked with at least items c) and d).
Where any marking on the device uses symbols or abbreviations not in common use, these should be
explained in the data supplied with the device.
The marking shall be visible during installation and shall be accessible during maintenance.
The markings shall not be placed on screws or other easily removable parts.
For detectors containing radioactive materials, attention is drawn to the marking provisions of the relevant
national requirements and OECD recommendations.
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ISO 7240-15:2004(E)
5.11 Technical documentation
Detectors shall be supplied with sufficient technical, installation and maintenance documentation to ensure
their correct handling, installation and operation. If all of these data are not supplied with each detector,
reference to the appropriate data sheet shall be given on, or with, each detector.
For assessment of the detector performance, the documentation shall include a description of the different
detector functions and of the options taken.
5.12 Manufacturer's declaration
The manufacturer shall declare the following:
 attestation of conformity with this part of ISO 7240;
 attestation that the detector is so designed that under the tested environmental conditions, each material
and each electronic component operates within the limits of its specifications.
5.13 Electrical requirements
5.13.1 Connection of ancillary devices
Where the detector provides for connections to ancillary devices (e.g. remote indicators, control relays),
open- or short-circuit failures of these connections shall not prevent the correct operation of the detector.
5.13.2 Fault signal
Where means are provided to monitor the sensing elements and a fault is detected, either a common signal or
separate signals for each sensing element shall be produced and made available to the c.i.e.
5.14 Protection against ingress of foreign bodies
The detector shall be so designed that a sphere of diameter larger than (1,3 ± 0,05) mm cannot pass into the
smoke measuring chamber.
NOTE This requirement is intended to restrict the access of insects into the smoke measuring chamber of the
detector. It is known that this requirement is not sufficient to prevent the access of all insects, however it is considered that
extreme restrictions on the size of access holes may introduce the danger of clogging by dust, etc. It might therefore be
necessary to take other precautions against false alarms due to the entry of small insects.
5.15 Requirements for software-controlled multisensor fire detectors
5.15.1 General requirements
In the case of multisensor detectors which contain elements that are controlled by software in order to fulfil the
requirements of this part of ISO 7240, the detectors shall conform to the requirements of 5.15.2, and shall
conform to the requirements of 5.15.3 where relevant to the technology used.
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ISO 7240-15:2004(E)
5.15.2 Software documentation
5.15.2.1 General documentation
The manufacturer shall prepare documentation which gives an overview of the software design, which shall be
submitted to the testing authority together with the multisensor fire detectors. This documentation shall
comp
...