ISO/DTR 24666

Sports and recreational facilities — Probes for entrapment/entanglement on playground equipment — Collection of data

This document compiles a collection of different probes/gauges for assessing common playground equipment safety performance to eliminate known safety hazards such as: entrapment and entanglement hazards on playground, playspaces, and associated equipment used in different countries/regions around the world. It also explains some historical content of origins, the purpose and some rationales for the dimensions and shape of each of those probes. NOTE These test probes and gauges, their dimensions and related historic rationale for their existence are of significant value to playground equipment, manufacturers, designers, installers, assemblers, owners, operators and inspectors alike and are necessary tools to the reduction of serious, life-threatening and debilitating injuries to the public playground intended users.

Installations sportives et récréatives — Gabarits d’évaluation du coincement/happement sur les équipements d’aires de jeux — Recueil de données

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• ICS: 97.200.40 - Playgrounds
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 83 - Sports and other recreational facilities and equipment
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 83 - Sports and other recreational facilities and equipment
• Current Stage: 5020 - FDIS ballot initiated: 2 months. Proof sent to secretariat
• Start Date: 17-Apr-2023
• Completion Date: 17-Apr-2023

Relations

• Revises: ISO/TR 24666:2022 - Sports and recreational facilities — Probes for entrapment/entanglement on playground equipment — Collection of data
• Effective Date: 02-Jul-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)
ISO/TC 83/WG 8
Secretariat: DIN
Date: 2023-02-1304-03
Sports and recreational facilities – — Probes for
entrapment/entanglement on playground equipment –—
Collection of data
CDFDIS stage
Warning for WDs and CDs

This document is not an ISO International Standard. It is distributed for review and comment. It is subject to

change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Standard.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of

which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
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ISO #####-#:####(X)
© ISO 20XX
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ISO/TR DTR 24666:2023(:(E)
© ISO 2023

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this

publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,

including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can

be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.

ISO copyright office
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CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
EmailE-mail: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.orgwww.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
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ISO/TR DTR 24666:2023(:(E)
Contents

Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................................................ vi

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................... viii

1 Scope ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

2 Normative references ....................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ...................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Rationale for anthropometrics and scoping of intended user groups in developing safety standards

to reduce serious injury ................................................................................................................................................................. 1

4.1 ASTM F1487-21 (US) standard consumer safety performance specification for playground

equipment for public use .............................................................................................................................................................. 1

4.1.1 Reference document for anthropometry ............................................................................................................ 1

4.1.2 Defined age groups ....................................................................................................................................................... 1

4.2 ASTM F2373-11 (US) standard consumer safety performance specification for public use play

equipment for children 6 months to 23 months ................................................................................................................. 2

4.2.1 Reference document for anthropometry ............................................................................................................ 2

4.2.2 Defined age groups ....................................................................................................................................................... 2

4.3 U. S. consumer product safety commission handbook for public playground 2010 (US) ................... 2

4.3.1 Reference document for anthropometry ............................................................................................................ 2

4.3.2 Defined age groups ....................................................................................................................................................... 2

4.4 EN 1176-1:2017 (European Union) Playground equipment and surfacing .............................................. 2

4.4.1 Reference document for anthropometry ............................................................................................................ 2

4.4.2 Defined age groups ....................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.5 AS 4685.1:2021 (Australia) Playground equipment and surfacing .............................................................. 3

4.6 CSA Z614-20 (Canada) Children’s playspaces and equipment ....................................................................... 3

4.6.1 Reference document for anthropometry ............................................................................................................ 3

4.6.2 Defined age groups ....................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.7 JPFA-SP-S: 2014 (JAPAN) standard on playground equipment safety and its annex 2: playground

equipment for toddlers aged under 3 ...................................................................................................................................... 3

4.7.1 Reference document for anthropometry ............................................................................................................ 3

4.7.2 Range of age and size ................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.8 SS 457:2017 (Singapore) Specification for playground equipment for public use ................................ 3

4.8.1 Reference document for anthropometry ............................................................................................................ 3

4.8.2 Defined age groups ....................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.9 MS 966:2017 (Malaysia) Playground equipment – Safety performance for public use –

Specification ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

4.9.1 Reference document for anthropometry ............................................................................................................ 4

4.9.2 Defined age groups ....................................................................................................................................................... 4

5 International inventory of probes/gauges and test method procedures used to identify specific

playground equipment safety hazards .................................................................................................................................... 4

5.1 International inventory of probes/gauges and test method procedures ................................................... 4

5.2 Probes and gauges figures .............................................................................................................................................. 7

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ISO/TR DTR 24666:2023(:(E)

6 Summary ................................................................................................................................................................................ 7

Annex A (informative) Completely bound opening head entrapment ...................................................................... 8

Annex B (informative) Partially bounded opening head/neck entrapment ........................................................ 15

Annex C (informative) Protrusion hazard impalement ................................................................................................ 19

Annex D (informative) Impalement from projections on suspended components .......................................... 22

Annex E (informative) Common crush and shear hazard (between one or more moving accessible

components) .................................................................................................................................................................................... 24

Annex F (informative) Finger entrapment (gaps, opening and holes) .................................................................. 26

Annex G (informative) Entanglement hazards................................................................................................................. 28

Annex H (informative) Hazard Test for Toddlers ........................................................................................................... 32

Annex I (normative) Finger entrapment (gaps, opening, hinged objects, and holes) ..................................... 36

Bibliography .................................................................................................................................................................................... 37

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ISO/TR DTR 24666:2023(:(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO

collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documentsdocument should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance

with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

Attention is drawnISO draws attention to the possibility that some of the elementsimplementation of this

document may beinvolve the subjectuse of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence,

validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of

this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this

document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information,

which may be obtained from the patent database available at www.iso.org/patents.. ISO shall not be held

responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the

development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations

received (see ).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World

Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see

www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 83, Sports and other recreational facilities

and equipment.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TR 24666:2022), which has been

technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— amendment of Table 1;

amendment of Clause 6— Amendment of Table 1 “International inventory of probes/gauges and test

method procedures used to identify specific playground equipment safety hazards”;

— — Amendment;
— amendment of Table A.5Clause 6; ;
— — Amendmentamendment of Table B.2Table A.5;;
— — Amendmentamendment of Table C.2Table B.2;;
— — Amendmentamendment of Table F.1Table C.2;;
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ISO/TR DTR 24666:2023(:(E)
— — Amendmentamendment of Table G.3Table F.1;;
— Amendment of Table G.3;
— — Inclusioninclusion of new Annex IAnnex I;;

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A

complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
© ISO #### 2023 – All rights reserved vii
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ISO/TR DTR 24666:2023(:(E)
Introduction

This document summarizes information about different regional and national standards on playground

safety in order to provide a reference point for different types of entrapments and probes/gauges.

Some standards apply to entrapment tests universally, regardless of the intended user age group, on the

basis that it is very difficult to control users when products are installed in a free access environment.

Other standards apply to specific entrapment probe tests related to specific intended user age groups.

InFor cases where user age references are provided in the standard, see Annex Ain Annex A to

Annex HAnnex H.
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ISO/DTR 24666:(E)
Sports and recreational facilities –— Probes for
entrapment/entanglement on playground equipment – —
Collection of data
1 Scope

This document compiles a collection of different probes/gauges for assessing common playground

equipment safety performance to eliminate known safety hazards such as: entrapment and entanglement

hazards on playground, playspaces, and associated equipment used in different countries/regions

around the world. It also explains some historical content of origins, the purpose and some rationales for

the dimensions and shape of each of those probes.

NOTE These test probes and gauges, their dimensions and related historic rationale for their existence

are of significant valueapplicable to playground equipment, manufacturers, designers, installers,

assemblers, owners, operators and inspectors alike and are necessary tools to the reduction of serious,

life-threatening and debilitating injuries to the public playground intended users.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO/TR 20183, Sports and other recreational facilities and equipment — Injury and safety definitions and

thresholds — Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TR 20183 apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
4 Rationale for anthropometrics and scoping of intended user groups in
developing safety standards to reduce serious injury
4.1 ASTM F1487-21 (US) standard consumer safety performance specification for
playground equipment for public use
4.1.1 Reference document for anthropometry

Reference document for anthropometry – Anthropometry of Infants, Children, and Youths to age 18 for

[12[12] ]
Product Safety Design . .
4.1.2 Defined age groups

The range of age and size users encompassed by this consumer safety performance specification is the

th th
5 percentile 2-year-old to the 95 percentile 12-year-old:

a) Maximummaximum user — 12-year-old child; measurement characteristics are the 95 percentile

values for combined sexes;
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ISO/DTR 24666:(E)

b) Minimumminimum user — 2-year-old child; measurement characteristics are the 5 percentile

values for combined sexes;

c) Ageage groupings —Preschoolpreschool (2 years to 5 years), Schoolschool age (5 years to 12 years),

and (2 years to 12 years).

4.2 ASTM F2373-11 (US) standard consumer safety performance specification for public

use play equipment for children 6 months to 23 months
4.2.1 Reference document for anthropometry

Reference document for anthropometry – Anthropometry of Infants, Children, and Youths to age 18 for

[12[12] ]
Product Safety Design . .
4.2.2 Defined age groups

The range of age and size users encompassed by this consumer safety performance specification is the

th th
5 percentile 6-month-old to the 95 percentile 23-month-old:

a) Maximummaximum user — 23-month-old child; measurement characteristics are the 95 percentile

values for combined sexes;

b) Minimumminimum user — 6-month-old child; measurement characteristics are the 5 percentile

values for combined sexes;
c) Ageage groupings — toddler (6 months to 23 months).
4.3 U. S. consumer product safety commission handbook for public playground 2010
(US)
4.3.1 Reference document for anthropometry

Reference document for anthropometry – Anthropometry of Infants, Children, and Youths to age 18 for

[12 [12] ]
Product Safety Design . .
4.3.2 Defined age groups

The range of age and size users encompassed by this consumer safety guideline is the 5 percentile 2-

year-old to the 95 percentile 12-year-old:
th th

a) school – –age user – 5 percentile 2-year-old to 95 percentile 12-year-old child, measurement

characteristic values for combined sexes;
th th

b) preschool user – 5 percentile 2-year-old to 95 percentile 5-year-old child, measurement

characteristic values for combined sexes;
th th

c) toddler – 5 percentile 6-month-old to 95 percentile 23-month-old child, measurement

characteristic values for combined sexes.
4.4 EN 1176-1:2017 (European Union) Playground equipment and surfacing
4.4.1 Reference document for anthropometry
The base anthropometric data used in Europe is:
a) SAE SP-450:1977;
b) DIN 33402-2:2005.
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ISO/DTR 24666:(E)

Each of theBoth sources are shown aligned with each other for any given body dimension. ThisThe data

isare presented as a condensed set of tables giving minimum and maximum values for common body

dimensions.
4.4.2 Defined age groups
There is no defined age range in EN 1176-1:2017.
4.5 AS 4685.1:2021 (Australia) Playground equipment and surfacing
NOTE AS 4685.1:2021 is significantly harmonized with the EN 1176-1:2017.
For reference document for anthropometry, see 4.4.14.4.1..
4.6 CSA Z614-20 (Canada) Children’s playspaces and equipment
4.6.1 Reference document for anthropometry

Reference document for anthropometry – Anthropometry of Infants, Children, and Youths to age 18 for

[12 [12] ]
Product Safety Design . .
4.6.2 Defined age groups

The range of age and size users encompassed by this standard is the dimensions of the 95 percentile 18-

month-old to the 95 percentile 12-year-old.

4.7 JPFA-SP-S: 2014 (JAPAN) standard on playground equipment safety and its annex 2:

playground equipment for toddlers aged under 3
4.7.1 Reference document for anthropometry

Diagram of measurements (preschool-age) and data for 1-year olds to 6-year olds from the development

[13[13] ]
of child anthropometric database and simulation technology for human injury . .
[15[15] ]

Data for 10-year and 12-year-old from AIST Japanese Body Dimension Data, 1997-98 . .

Diagram of measurements (school age) from Compact Compendium of Architectural Design References

[14 [14] ]
(1996) ) . .
[16 [16] ]

Part of data for 3-year olds from Infant/Toddler Body Measurements Report (1973) ) . .

[17 [17] ]
Part of data for 6-year olds from Anthropometric Charts and Table (1970) ) . .
4.7.2 Range of age and size

The range of age and size users encompassed by the consumer safety performance standard, JPFA-SF-

S:2014, are based on the median size (average by age) of pre-school children ages 3 to 6 years and

elementary school students around the ages of 6 to 12 years).. CSA Z614, ASTM F1487, ASTM F2373 and

CPSC Handbook on Public Playground Safety recommend supervision for children from 3 to 6 years and

that children under 3-years-old be accompanied by a guardian at all times when using public parks.

4.8 SS 457:2017 (Singapore) Specification for playground equipment for public use

4.8.1 Reference document for anthropometry

Reference document for anthropometry – Anthropometry of Infants, Children, and Youths to age 18 for

[12[12] ]
Product Safety Design . .
4.8.2 Defined age groups
th th

Children age and size based on 5 percentile 2-year-old to 95 percentile 12-year-old.

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ISO/DTR 24666:(E)

4.9 MS 966:2017 (Malaysia) Playground equipment – Safety performance for public use –

Specification
4.9.1 Reference document for anthropometry

Reference document for anthropometry – Anthropometry of Infants, Children, and Youths to age 18 for

[12[12] ]
Product Safety Design . .
4.9.2 Defined age groups
th th

Children age and size based on 5 percentile 2-year-old to 95 percentile 12-year-old.

5 International inventory of probes/gauges and test method procedures used to
identify specific playground equipment safety hazards
5.1 International inventory of probes/gauges and test method procedures
See Table 1Table 1..
4 © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DTR 24666:(E)

Table 1 — International inventory of probes/gauges and test method procedures used to identify specific playground equipment safety hazards

Probes ASTM F 1487- ASTM 2373-11 AS 4685.1:202 CPSC 2010 CSA Z614-20 EN 1176- MS 966:2017 SS 457:2017

21 1 and Handbook 1:2017
JPFS-SP-
AS 4685.6:202
#325 EN1176-
S:2014
6:2017+AC:20

Head – Clause 6.1, Clause 6.1.1 to Clause 4.2.7.2 Clauses 3.3, and Clauses 12.2.2, Clause 4.2.7.2 Clause 4.4.1; Clause 6.1.1 to Clause 6.1.1 to

completel Figures A.1.1 6.1.2, and 3.3.1, 12.2.3 and Figure 4.4.1 (1) Clause 6.1.3, Clause 6.1.3,

y bound to A.1.3 Figure A.1.3 Annex D.2.1 Appendix B.2.4, Annex D.2.1.2 to (5) Figure 1 to 3 Figure A.1.1 to

Figure 3,
B.2.5 Figure A1.3
(Head and Figure 4
feet first)

Clauses 6.1.3, Clause 6.1.3 to Clause 4.2.7.2 Clause 3.3.2, Clause 12.2.4, Clause 4.2.7.2 Clause 4.4.2; Clause 6.1.4, Clause 6.1.4,

Head –

6.1.4.1 to 6.1.4, and Appendix B.2.5.6 12.2.5 and Figures 4.4.2 Figure 4 to 9 Figure A.1.4

Partly
6.1.4.7, Figures A.1.4 to Annex D.2.2 Annex D.2.2.2 (1) to (4) to A1.9
Figure 5,
bound
Figures A1.4 to A.1.8
Figure 6
(neck)
A.1.9

Clause 6.4, Clause 6.4, Clause 4.2.7.3 Clause 3.2, Clause 12.4 Clause 4.2.7.3 Clause 4.4.4; - Clause 6.4,

Figure A1.14 Figures A.1.09, and Annex D.3 Appendix B.2.3 and Figures 4.4.4 Figures A.1.14

Figure 7 to
Clothing
to A.1.19 A.1.10, A.1.13 Annex D.3.2.1 (1) to (2) and to A1.19
Figure 18
entanglem
to A.1.17 Clause 4.4.6;
ent
Figures 4.4.6
(1) to (3)
- - Clause 4.2.7.4 - - Clause 4.2.7.4 Clause 4.4.8; - -
Figures 4.4.8
NO PROBE NO PROBE
and 4.4.9;
Full Body
Figure 4.4.9
NO PROBE
Foot and - - Clause 4.2.7.5 - - 4.2.7.5 NO Clause 5.11.1, - -
Leg PROBE paragraph 6;
NO PROBE
entrapme Figure 5.11.1
nt (5)
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ISO/DTR 24666:(E)

Probes ASTM F 1487- ASTM 2373-11 AS 4685.1:202 CPSC 2010 CSA Z614-20 EN 1176- MS 966:2017 SS 457:2017

21 1 and Handbook 1:2017
JPFS-SP-
AS 4685.6:202
#325 EN1176-
S:2014
6:2017+AC:20
Finger - Clause 6.5.2, Clause 4.2.7.6 - - 4.2.7.6 and Clause 4.4.3; - -
entrapme Figure A.1.18 and Annex D.4 Annex D.4.2 Figure 4.4.3

Crush and Clause 6.5 Clause 6.5, Clause 4.2.6 Clauses 3.1, 5.3 Clause 12.5 4.2.6 and Clause 5.11.1 Clause 6.5, Clause 6.5,

Figures A.1.13 and 4.2.7.2 4.2.7.2 paragraphs 1 Figure 20 Figure A.1.20
Shear
Figure 19
Hazard/V to A1.16 to 8;
NO PROBE NO PROBE
ariable Figure 5.11.1
gaps (1) to (5)
NO PROBE

Protrusio Clause 6.3, Clauses 6.3, Clause 4.6 & Clauses 3.2, 5.3, Clause 12.3.3 Clauses 4.6 & Clause 4.4.5; Clause 6.3, Clauses 6.3,

n Figure A.1.10 A.1.9 to A.1.12 4.7 and Appendix B.1, 4.7 and Figure 4.4.5 Figures 10 to A.1.10 to A.1.13

Figure 7,
to A.1.13 Annex E B.2.1 Annex E (part 13
Figure 8
(part6part 6) 6)
Figure 11,
Figure 12

Sharp Clauses 3.1.37, Clause 17, 6.2 Clause 4.2.5 Clauses 3.4, Clauses 12.3.1, Clause 4.4.7 Clauses 3.36, Clauses 6.2,

Points or 3.1.37.1 3.1.38, 5.3.6.4 12.3.2, 12.3.4 3.37 3.1.37, 3.1.38
Edges 6.2
6 © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DTR 24666:(E)
5.2 Probes and gauges figures
See Annex AAnnex A to Annex HAnnex H..
6 Summary

This “Tool Boxtool box” of probes and gauges can continue to be a collaborative effort and can be used to

assist Standards Development Organizationsstandards development organizations working in

playgrounds and related activities around the world. To ensure accuracy in measuring for

complianceconformity, the probes and gauges should beare calibrated by the manufacturer at the time of

purchase and dimensions should beare checked for accuracy by the operator at least once every 12

months.

Having a consolidated document listing similar probes and gauges used in 9 different national and

regional standards, as well as probes and gauges that are different amongst standards, can assist

standards writers, designers, instructors, and manufacturers. It will helphelps those wishing to produce

products for a variety of international markets and enableenables them to easily ascertain the differences

between multiple standards.
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved 7
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ISO/DTR 24666:(E)
Annex A
(informative)
Completely bound opening head entrapment
A.1 Feet first entry

Figure A.1Figure A.1 shows the probe (large head) used in North America and some regions in the Asia-

Pacific area. It applies to playgrounds, ASTM 2-12, Canada 18 months to 12 months. Table A.1Table A.1

provides an overview of references to large head probe in North America and Asia-Pacific area.

Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 handle
Figure A.1 — Large head probe with 228,6 mm diameter

Table A.1 — Overview of references to large head probe in North America and Asia Pacific area

Country US US US Canada Singapore Malaysia
8 © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DTR 24666:(E)
Standard ASTM F1487- ASTM F2373- CPSC CSA-Z614-20 SS 457:2017 MS 966:2017
reference 21 11 Doc.325-10
Clause 6.1.1.1, 6.1.2 6.1, 6.1.1.1, B.2.4 and 12.2.2.2, 6.1.1 to 6.1.3 _
Reference 6.1.2, 6.1.2.1, B.3.3 12.2.3.1,12.2.
6.1.3, 6.1.4.2 4.3, 12.5.5
Figure Figure A.1.3 Figure A.1.3 Figure B.8 Figure 4 6.1, 6.1.1.1, 6.1, 6.1.1.1,
Reference Figure A.1.3 Figure 3

Age range 2 years to 12 6 months to 0,5 years to 1,5 years to 2 years to 12 2 years to 12

years 23 months 12 years 12 years years years
Figure A.2

Figure A.2 shows the probe (large head) used in Europe and Australia. Table A.2Table A.2 provides an

overview of references to large head probe in Europe and Australia.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 handle
Figure A.2 — Universal large head probe with 230 mm diameter
Table A.2 — Overview of references to large head probe in Europe and Australia
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved 9
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ISO/DTR 24666:(E)
Country/Region Australia Europe
Standard AS 4685.1:2021 EN 1176-1:2017
reference
Clause 4.2.7.2 and Annex D.2 4.2.7.2 and Annex D
Reference
Figure Figure D.1, Probe D Figure D.1, Probe D
Reference
Age range all ages all ages
Figure A.3

Figure A.3 shows the probe (small head) used in Europe and Australia. Table A.3Table A.3 provides an

overview of references to small head probe in Europe and Australia.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 handle
Figure A.3 — Small head probe with 130 mm diameter
Table A.3 — Overview of references to small head probe in Europe and Australia
Country/Region Australia Europe
Standard AS 4685.1:2021 EN 1176-1:2017
reference
Clause 4.2.7.2 and Annex D.2 4.2.7.2
Reference
Figure Figure D.1 and Probe E Figure D.1, Probe E
Reference
Age range all ages all ages
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ISO/DTR 24666:(E)
A.2 Head and feet first entry

Figure A.4Figure A.4 shows the probe used in Japan. Table A.4Table A.4 provides an overview of

references to small head probe in Japan.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 handle
Figure A.4 — Large and small head probe with 230 mm and 130 mm diameters
Table A.4 — Overview of references to small head probe in Japa
...

FINAL
TECHNICAL ISO/DTR
DRAFT
REPORT 24666
ISO/TC 83
Sports and recreational facilities —
Secretariat: DIN
Probes for entrapment/entanglement
Voting begins on:
2023-04-17 on playground equipment —
Collection of data
Voting terminates on:
2023-06-12
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2023
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
FINAL
TECHNICAL ISO/DTR
DRAFT
REPORT 24666
ISO/TC 83
Sports and recreational facilities —
Secretariat: DIN
Probes for entrapment/entanglement
Voting begins on:
on playground equipment —
Collection of data
Voting terminates on:
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© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2023
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ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. vi

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Rationale for anthropometrics and scoping of intended user groups in developing

safety standards to reduce serious injury................................................................................................................................ 1

4.1 ASTM F1487-21 (US) standard consumer safety performance specification for

playground equipment for public use ................................................................................................................................ 1

4.1.1 Reference document for anthropometry ...................................................................................................... 1

4.1.2 Defined age groups ........................................................................................................................................................... 2

4.2 ASTM F2373-11 (US) standard consumer safety performance specification for

public use play equipment for children 6 months to 23 months ................................................................ 2

4.2.1 Reference document for anthropometry ...................................................................................................... 2

4.2.2 Defined age groups ........................................................................................................................................................... 2

4.3 U. S. consumer product safety commission handbook for public playground 2010

(US) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

4.3.1 Reference document for anthropometry ...................................................................................................... 2

4.3.2 Defined age groups ........................................................................................................................................................... 2

4.4 EN 1176-1:2017 (European Union) Playground equipment and surfacing ....................................... 3

4.4.1 Reference document for anthropometry ...................................................................................................... 3

4.4.2 Defined age groups ........................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.5 AS 4685.1:2021 (Australia) Playground equipment and surfacing ......................................................... 3

4.6 CSA Z614-20 (Canada) Children’s playspaces and equipment ...................................................................... 3

4.6.1 Reference document for anthropometry ...................................................................................................... 3

4.6.2 Defined age groups ........................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.7 JPFA-SP-S: 2014 (JAPAN) standard on playground equipment safety and its

annex 2: playground equipment for toddlers aged under 3 ........................................................................... 3

4.7.1 Reference document for anthropometry ...................................................................................................... 3

4.7.2 Range of age and size...................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.8 SS 457:2017 (Singapore) Specification for playground equipment for public use ...................... 4

4.8.1 Reference document for anthropometry ...................................................................................................... 4

4.8.2 Defined age groups ........................................................................................................................................................... 4

4.9 MS 966:2017 (Malaysia) Playground equipment – Safety performance for public

use – Specification ............................................................................................................................................................................... 4

4.9.1 Reference document for anthropometry ...................................................................................................... 4

4.9.2 Defined age groups ........................................................................................................................................................... 4

5 International inventory of probes/gauges and test method procedures used to

identify specific playground equipment safety hazards ........................................................................................... 4

5.1 International inventory of probes/gauges and test method procedures ........................................... 4

5.2 Probes and gauges figures ........................................................................................................................................................... 7

6 Summary ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7

Annex A (informative) Completely bound opening head entrapment ............................................................................ 8

Annex B (informative) Partially bounded opening head/neck entrapment .........................................................13

Annex C (informative) Protrusion hazard impalement ..............................................................................................................15

Annex D (informative) Impalement from projections on suspended components .......................................17

Annex E (informative) Common crush and shear hazard (between one or more moving

accessible components) .............................................................................................................................................................................18

Annex F (informative) Finger entrapment (gaps, opening and holes) ........................................................................19

iii
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ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)

Annex G (informative) Entanglement hazards .....................................................................................................................................20

Annex H (informative) Hazard Test for Toddlers ..............................................................................................................................23

Annex I (normative) Finger entrapment (gaps, opening, hinged objects, and holes) .................................26

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................27

© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use

of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed

patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received

notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are

cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent

database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all

such patent rights.

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to

the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see

www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 83, Sports and other recreational facilities

and equipment.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TR 24666:2022), which has been

technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— amendment of Table 1;
— amendment of Clause 6;
— amendment of Table A.5;
— amendment of Table B.2;
— amendment of Table C.2;
— amendment of Table F.1;
— amendment of Table G.3;
— inclusion of new Annex I;

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A

complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)
Introduction

This document summarizes information about different regional and national standards on playground

safety in order to provide a reference point for different types of entrapments and probes/gauges.

Some standards apply to entrapment tests universally, regardless of the intended user age group, on the

basis that it is very difficult to control users when products are installed in a free access environment.

Other standards apply to specific entrapment probe tests related to specific intended user age groups.

For cases where user age references are provided in the standard, see Annex A to Annex H.

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TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)
Sports and recreational facilities — Probes for
entrapment/entanglement on playground equipment —
Collection of data
1 Scope

This document compiles a collection of different probes/gauges for assessing common playground

equipment safety performance to eliminate known safety hazards such as entrapment and entanglement

hazards on playground, playspaces, and associated equipment used in different countries/regions

around the world. It also explains some historical content of origins, the purpose and some rationales

for the dimensions and shape of each of those probes.

These test probes and gauges, their dimensions and related historic rationale for their existence

are applicable to playground equipment manufacturers, designers, installers, assemblers, owners,

operators and inspectors alike and are necessary tools to the reduction of serious, life-threatening and

debilitating injuries to the public playground intended users.
2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO/TR 20183, Sports and other recreational facilities and equipment — Injury and safety definitions and

thresholds — Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TR 20183 apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Rationale for anthropometrics and scoping of intended user groups in
developing safety standards to reduce serious injury
4.1 ASTM F1487-21 (US) standard consumer safety performance specification for
playground equipment for public use
4.1.1 Reference document for anthropometry

Reference document for anthropometry – Anthropometry of Infants, Children, and Youths to age 18 for

[12]
Product Safety Design .
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ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)
4.1.2 Defined age groups

The range of age and size users encompassed by this consumer safety performance specification is the

th th
5 percentile 2-year-old to the 95 percentile 12-year-old:

a) maximum user — 12-year-old child; measurement characteristics are the 95 percentile values for

combined sexes;

b) minimum user — 2-year-old child; measurement characteristics are the 5 percentile values for

combined sexes;

c) age groupings —preschool (2 years to 5 years), school age (5 years to 12 years), and (2 years to

12 years).
4.2 ASTM F2373-11 (US) standard consumer safety performance specification for
public use play equipment for children 6 months to 23 months
4.2.1 Reference document for anthropometry

Reference document for anthropometry – Anthropometry of Infants, Children, and Youths to age 18 for

[12]
Product Safety Design .
4.2.2 Defined age groups

The range of age and size users encompassed by this consumer safety performance specification is the

th th
5 percentile 6­month­old to the 95 percentile 23­month­old:

a) maximum user — 23-month-old child; measurement characteristics are the 95 percentile values

for combined sexes;

b) minimum user — 6­month­old child; measurement characteristics are the 5 percentile values for

combined sexes;
c) age groupings — toddler (6 months to 23 months).
4.3 U. S. consumer product safety commission handbook for public playground 2010
(US)
4.3.1 Reference document for anthropometry

Reference document for anthropometry – Anthropometry of Infants, Children, and Youths to age 18 for

[12]
Product Safety Design .
4.3.2 Defined age groups

The range of age and size users encompassed by this consumer safety guideline is the 5 percentile

2-year-old to the 95 percentile 12-year-old:
th th

a) school–age user – 5 percentile 2-year-old to 95 percentile 12-year-old child, measurement

characteristic values for combined sexes;
th th

b) preschool user – 5 percentile 2-year-old to 95 percentile 5-year-old child, measurement

characteristic values for combined sexes;
th th

c) toddler – 5 percentile 6­month­old to 95 percentile 23­month­old child, measurement

characteristic values for combined sexes.
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ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)
4.4 EN 1176-1:2017 (European Union) Playground equipment and surfacing
4.4.1 Reference document for anthropometry
The base anthropometric data used in Europe is:
a) S A E S P ­ 450: 1977;
b) DIN 33402­2:2005.

Both sources are shown aligned with each other for any given body dimension. The data are presented

as a condensed set of tables giving minimum and maximum values for common body dimensions.

4.4.2 Defined age groups
There is no defined age range in EN 1176-1:2017.
4.5 AS 4685.1:2021 (Australia) Playground equipment and surfacing
NOTE AS 4685.1:2021 is significantly harmonized with the EN 1176-1:2017.
For reference document for anthropometry, see 4.4.1.
4.6 CSA Z614-20 (Canada) Children’s playspaces and equipment
4.6.1 Reference document for anthropometry

Reference document for anthropometry – Anthropometry of Infants, Children, and Youths to age 18 for

[12]
Product Safety Design .
4.6.2 Defined age groups

The range of age and size users encompassed by this standard is the dimensions of the 95 percentile

18­month­old to the 95 percentile 12-year-old.

4.7 JPFA-SP-S: 2014 (JAPAN) standard on playground equipment safety and its annex 2:

playground equipment for toddlers aged under 3
4.7.1 Reference document for anthropometry

Diagram of measurements (preschool-age) and data for 1-year olds to 6-year olds from the development

[13]
of child anthropometric database and simulation technology for human injury .
[15]

Data for 10-year and 12-year-old from AIST Japanese Body Dimension Data, 1997-98 .

Diagram of measurements (school age) from Compact Compendium of Architectural Design References

[14]
(1996) .
[16]

Part of data for 3-year olds from Infant/Toddler Body Measurements Report (1973) .

[17]
Part of data for 6-year olds from Anthropometric Charts and Table (1970) .
4.7.2 Range of age and size

The range of age and size users encompassed by the consumer safety performance standard, JPFA -SF

-S: 2014, are based on the median size (average by age) of pre-school children ages 3 to 6 years and

elementary school students around the ages of 6 to 12 years. CSA Z614, ASTM F1487, ASTM F2373 and

CPSC Handbook on Public Playground Safety recommend supervision for children from 3 to 6 years and

that children under 3-years-old be accompanied by a guardian at all times when using public parks.

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ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)

4.8 SS 457:2017 (Singapore) Specification for playground equipment for public use

4.8.1 Reference document for anthropometry

Reference document for anthropometry – Anthropometry of Infants, Children, and Youths to age 18 for

[12]
Product Safety Design .
4.8.2 Defined age groups
th th

Children age and size based on 5 percentile 2-year-old to 95 percentile 12-year-old.

4.9 MS 966:2017 (Malaysia) Playground equipment – Safety performance for public use

– Specification
4.9.1 Reference document for anthropometry

Reference document for anthropometry – Anthropometry of Infants, Children, and Youths to age 18 for

[12]
Product Safety Design .
4.9.2 Defined age groups
th th

Children age and size based on 5 percentile 2-year-old to 95 percentile 12-year-old.

5 International inventory of probes/gauges and test method procedures used to
identify specific playground equipment safety hazards
5.1 International inventory of probes/gauges and test method procedures
See Table 1.
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ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved

Table 1 — International inventory of probes/gauges and test method procedures used to identify specific playground equipment safety

hazards

Probes ASTM F 1487- ASTM 2373-11 AS 4685.1:2021 CPSC 2010 CSA Z614-20 EN 1176- MS 966:2017 SS 457:2017

21 and Handbook 1:2017
JPFS-SP-S:2014
AS 4685.6:2021
#325 EN1176-
6:2017+AC:2019

Head – Clause 6.1, Clause 6.1.1 to Clause Clauses 3.3, and Clauses 12.2.2, Clause 4.2.7.2 Clause 4.4.1; Clause 6.1.1 to Clause 6.1.1 to

completely Figures A.1.1 6.1.2, Fig­ 4.2.7.2 and 3.3.1, Appen­ 12.2.3 and Figure 4.4.1 (1) Clause 6.1.3, Clause 6.1.3,

bound to A.1.3 ure A.1.3 Annex D.2.1 dix B.2.4, B.2.5 Annex D.2.1.2 to (5) Figure 1 to 3 Figure A.1.1 to

Figure 3, Fig­
Figure A1.3
(Head and ure 4
feet first)

Clauses 6.1.3, Clause 6.1.3 to Clause 4.2.7.2 Clause 3.3.2, Ap­ Clause 12.2.4, Clause 4.2.7.2 Clause 4.4.2; Clause 6.1.4, Clause 6.1.4,

Head –

6.1.4.1 to 6.1.4, Fig­ and pendix B.2.5.6 12.2.5 and Figures 4.4.2 Figure 4 to 9 Figure A.1.4

Partly
6.1.4.7, Fig­ ures A.1.4 to Annex D.2.2 Annex D.2.2.2 (1) to (4) to A1.9
bound
Figure 5, Fig­
ures A1.4 to A.1.8
(neck) ure 6
A.1.9

Clause 6.4, Clause 6.4, Clause 4.2.7.3 Clause 3.2, Ap­ Clause 12.4 Clause 4.2.7.3 Clause 4.4.4; ­ Clause 6.4,

Figure A1.14 to Figures A.1.09, and Annex D.3 pendix B.2.3 and Figures 4.4.4 Figures A.1.14

Clothing Figure 7 to
A.1.19 A.1.10, A.1.13 to Annex D.3.2.1 (1) to (2) and to A1.19
entangle-
Figure 18
A.1.17 Clause 4.4.6;
ment
Figures 4.4.6
(1) to (3)
­ ­ Clause 4.2.7.4 ­ ­ Clause 4.2.7.4 Clause 4.4.8; ­ ­
Figures 4.4.8
NO PROBE NO PROBE
and 4.4.9; Fig­
Full Body
ure 4.4.9
NO PROBE
­ ­ Clause 4.2.7.5 ­ ­ 4.2.7.5 NO Clause 5.11.1, ­ ­
Foot and
PROBE paragraph 6;
Leg en-
NO PROBE
Figure 5.11.1
trapment
(5)
Finger en- ­ Clause 6.5.2, Clause 4.2.7.6 ­ ­ 4.2.7.6 and Clause 4.4.3; ­ ­
trapment Figure A.1.18 and Annex D.4 Annex D.4.2 Figure 4.4.3

Crush Clause 6.5 Clause 6.5, Clause 4.2.6 Clauses 3.1, 5.3 Clause 12.5 4.2.6 and Clause 5.11.1 Clause 6.5, Clause 6.5, Fig­

and Shear Figures A.1.13 and 4.2.7.2 4.2.7.2 paragraphs 1 Figure 20 ure A.1.20
Figure 19
Hazard/ to A1.16 to 8; Fig­
NO PROBE NO PROBE
Variable ure 5.11.1 (1)
gaps to (5)
NO PROBE
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ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
Table 1 (continued)

Probes ASTM F 1487- ASTM 2373-11 AS 4685.1:2021 CPSC 2010 CSA Z614-20 EN 1176- MS 966:2017 SS 457:2017

21 and Handbook 1:2017
JPFS-SP-S:2014
AS 4685.6:2021
#325 EN1176-
6:2017+AC:2019

Protrusion Clause 6.3, Clauses 6.3, Clause 4.6 & 4.7 Clauses 3.2, 5.3, Clause 12.3.3 Clauses 4.6 & Clause 4.4.5; Clause 6.3, Fig­ Clauses 6.3,

Figure A.1.10 A.1.9 to A.1.12 and Annex E Appendix B.1, 4.7 and Annex E Figure 4.4.5 ures 10 to 13 A.1.10 to A.1.13

Figure 7, Fig­
to A.1.13 (part 6) B.2.1 (part 6)
ure 8
Figure 11, Fig­
ure 12

Sharp Clauses 3.1.37, Clause 17, 6.2 Clause 4.2.5 Clauses 3.4, Clauses 12.3.1, Clause 4.4.7 Clauses 3.36, Clauses 6.2,

Points or 3.1.37.1 3.1.38, 5.3.6.4 12.3.2, 12.3.4 3.37 3.1.37, 3.1.38
Edges 6.2
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ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)
5.2 Probes and gauges figures
See Annex A to Annex H.
6 Summary

This “tool box” of probes and gauges can continue to be a collaborative effort and can be used to

assist standards development organizations working in playgrounds and related activities around the

world. To ensure accuracy in measuring for conformity, the probes and gauges are calibrated by the

manufacturer at the time of purchase and dimensions are checked for accuracy by the operator at least

once every 12 months.

Having a consolidated document listing similar probes and gauges used in 9 different national and

regional standards, as well as probes and gauges that are different amongst standards, can assist

standards writers, designers, instructors, and manufacturers. It helps those wishing to produce

products for a variety of international markets and enables them to easily ascertain the differences

between multiple standards.
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ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)
Annex A
(informative)
Completely bound opening head entrapment
A.1 Feet first entry

Figure A.1 shows the probe (large head) used in North America and some regions in the Asia-Pacific

area. It applies to playgrounds, ASTM 2-12, Canada 18 months to 12 months. Table A.1 provides an

overview of references to large head probe in North America and Asia-Pacific area.

Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 handle
Figure A.1 — Large head probe with 228,6 mm diameter

Table A.1 — Overview of references to large head probe in North America and Asia Pacific area

Country US US US Canada Singapore Malaysia

Standard ASTM F1487­21 ASTM F2373­ CPSC Doc.325­ CSA­Z614­20 SS 457:2017 MS 966:2017

11 10
Clause 6.1.1.1, 6.1.2 6.1, 6.1.1.1, B.2.4 and B.3.3 12.2.2.2, 6.1.1 to 6.1.3 _
6.1.2, 6.1.2.1, 12.2.3.1,12.2.4.3,
6.1.3, 6.1.4.2 12.5.5
Figure Figure A.1.3 Figure A.1.3 Figure B.8 Figure 4 6.1, 6.1.1.1, 6.1, 6.1.1.1,
Figure A.1.3 Figure 3

Age range 2 years to 12 6 months to 23 0,5 years to 12 1,5 years to 12 2 years to 12 2 years to 12

years months years years years years

Figure A.2 shows the probe (large head) used in Europe and Australia. Table A.2 provides an overview

of references to large head probe in Europe and Australia.
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ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 handle
Figure A.2 — Universal large head probe with 230 mm diameter
Table A.2 — Overview of references to large head probe in Europe and Australia
Country/Region Australia Europe
Standard AS 4685.1:2021 EN 1176­1:2017
Clause 4.2.7.2 and Annex D.2 4.2.7.2 and Annex D
Figure Figure D.1, Probe D Figure D.1, Probe D
Age range all ages all ages

Figure A.3 shows the probe (small head) used in Europe and Australia. Table A.3 provides an overview

of references to small head probe in Europe and Australia.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 handle
Figure A.3 — Small head probe with 130 mm diameter
Table A.3 — Overview of references to small head probe in Europe and Australia
Country/Region Australia Europe
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ISO/DTR 24666:2023(E)
TTabablele A A..33 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Standard AS 4685.1:2021 EN 1176­1:2017
Clause 4.2.7.2 and Annex D.2 4.2.7.2
Figure Figure D.1 and Probe E Figure D.1, Probe E
Age range all ages all ages
A.2 Head and feet first entry

Figure A.4 shows the probe used in Japan. Table A.4 provides an overview of references to small head

probe in Japan.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 handle
Figure A.4 — Large and small head probe with 230 mm and 130 mm diameters
Table A.4 — Overview of references to small head probe in Japan
Country Japan
Standard J PFA ­S P ­S: 2014
Clause 1.5.1
Figure Figure 1.5.1 (1), JPFA Inspec­
tion Tool A
Age range 3 years to 12 years
A.3 Feet first entry

Figure A.5 shows the probe used in Europe and Australia. Table A.5 provides an overview of references

to torso probe in Europe and Australia.
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ISO/DTR 24666
...