13.110 - Safety of machinery
ICS 13.110 Details
Safety of machinery
Sicherheit von Maschinen
Sécurité des machines et appareils
Varnost strojev
General Information
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IEC 61800-5-1:2022 specifies requirements for adjustable speed electrical power drive systems (PDS) or their elements, with respect to electrical, thermal, fire, mechanical, energy and other relevant hazards. It does not cover the driven equipment except for interface requirements. It applies to adjustable speed electrical PDS which include the power conversion, basic drive module (BDM)/complete drive module (CDM) control, and a motor or motors.
Excluded are traction and electric vehicle BDM/CDM.
It applies to low-voltage adjustable speed electrical PDS intended to feed a motor or motors from a BDM/CDM connected to phase-to-phase voltages of up to and including 1,0 kV AC (50 Hz or 60 Hz) and up to and including 1,5 kV DC. It also applies to high-voltage adjustable speed electrical PDS intended to feed a motor or motors from a BDM/CDM connected to phase-to-phase voltages of up to and including 35 kV AC (50 Hz or 60 Hz) and up to and including 52 kV DC.
This document also applies to PDS which intentionally emits or receives radio waves for the purpose of radio communication.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) harmonization with IEC 62477-1:2022;
b) harmonization with UL 61800-5-1 and CSA C22.2 No. 274, including an annex with a list of national deviation which was considered not possible to harmonize within a reasonable timeframe;
c) more detailed information about the evaluation of components according to this document and relevant safety component standards;
d) updated requirement for mechanical hazards including multiple IP ratings.
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IEC TS 61496-5:2023 provides particular requirements for the design, construction and testing of non-contact electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to provide whole-body detection of a person or persons as part of a safety-related system, employing radar protective devices (RPDs) responsive to diffuse reflection of radar signals for the sensing function using frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) technique. Special attention is directed to features which ensure that an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE can include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given in Annex A of IEC 61496-1:2020 and Annex A of this document.
The requirements given in this document are related to the detection of adult persons being present in an industrial manufacturing environment.
This document does not specify the dimensions or configurations of the detection zone and its disposition in relation to hazardous parts for any particular application, nor what constitutes a hazardous state of any machine. It is restricted to the functioning of the ESPE and how it interfaces with the machine.
This document does not consider the aspects of a moving RPD application. Additional consideration can be necessary, if the RPD supplier specifies the RPD for use on moving application.
Additional requirements and tests can apply if setup of the RPD differs from Figure 2 and Figure 4.
Where this document does not contain all necessary provisions, IEC TS 62998-1 is used.
For those aspects not considered in this document it is also possible to additionally use provisions from IEC TS 62998-1.
Excluded from this document are RPDs that employ electromagnetic radiation outside the range 9 GHz to 81 GHz (identified as subset of band 10 and band 11 in accordance with ITU Radio Regulations). For sensing devices that employ electromagnetic radiation outside this range, this document can be used as a guide. National regulations can limit the available frequencies.
This document can be relevant to applications other than those for the protection of persons, for example for the protection of machinery or products from mechanical damage. In those applications, different requirements can be appropriate, for example when the materials to be recognized by the sensing function have different properties from those of persons.
This document does not deal with requirements for ESPE functions not related to the protection of persons (e.g. using sensing unit data for navigation).
While a data interface can be used to control optional safety-related ESPE functions (Annex A), this document does not provide specific requirements. Requirements for these safety-related functions can be determined by consulting other standards (for example, IEC 61508, IEC 62046, IEC 62061, and ISO 13849-1).
This document does not deal with EMC emission requirements.
- Technical specification49 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TS 62998-3:2023 gives guidance on:
- analysis of sensor technologies of different wavelength ranges, measurement methods, and the sensing unit arrangement in an SRS, respectively the arrangement of SRSs in an SRSS;
- representative physical properties of safety-related objects with due consideration of their material characteristics and the sensor technology/technologies used in an SRS/SRSS to achieve the detection capability and comparable results during verification and validation;
- analysis of the interference of objects present in the surrounding on the safety related objects and thereby the influence on the dependability of the detection capability;
- use of algorithms during design, development and maintenance to achieve appropriate detection capability and dependability of detection;
- appropriate use of algorithms during the integration of SRS or SRSS by the integrator to improve execution of measurement information or provide decision information derived from measurement information.
If an SRS/SRSS uses sensor technologies not stated in this document, then the generic approach in accordance with IEC TS 62998-1 applies.
- Technical specification51 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
Applicable to equipment or parts of equipment not exceeding 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c. between lines, and with nominal frequencies not exceeding 200 Hz. Additional and special requirements can apply to the electrical equipment of hoisting machines that are used in potentially explosive and/or flammable atmospheres. Does not cover individual items of electrical equipment other than their selection for use and their erection.
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This document specifies a methodology and provides related requirements, recommendations and guidance for the design and integration of safety‐related parts of control systems (SRP/CS) that perform safety functions, including the design of software. This document applies to SRP/CS for high demand and continuous modes of operation including their subsystems, regardless of the type of technology and energy (e.g. electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, and mechanical). This document does not apply to low demand mode of operation. NOTE 1 See 3.1.44 and the IEC 61508 series for low demand mode of operation. This document does not specify the safety functions or required performance levels (PLr) that are to be used in particular applications. NOTE 2 This document specifies a methodology for SRP/CS design without considering if certain machinery (e.g. mobile machinery) has specific requirements. These specific requirements can be considered in a Type‑C standard. This document does not give specific requirements for the design of products/components that are parts of SRP/CS. Specific requirements for the design of some components of SRP/CS are covered by applicable ISO and IEC standards. This document does not provide specific measures for security aspects (e.g. physical, IT-security, cyber security). NOTE 3 Security issues can have an effect on safety functions. See ISO/TR 22100-4 and IEC/TR 63074 for further information.
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- Standard152 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard165 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
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- Draft155 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
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This document specifies the technical safety requirements and protective measures for the design, construction and supply (including installation and dismantling, with arrangements for transport and maintenance) of:
— milling machines (see 3.1.1), including machines capable of performing boring operations (see 3.1.2);
— machining centres; and
— transfer machines (see 3.1.3)
designed for continuous production use, which are intended to cut cold metal and other non-combustible cold materials, except wood or materials with physical characteristics similar to those of wood as defined in ISO 19085‑1 and glass, stone and engineered/agglomerated materials as defined in EN 14618.
This document covers the following machines (referred to as "machines" in this document):
a) manually, without numerical control, operated boring and milling machines (see 3.2.1, Group 1), e.g. knee and column type milling machines (see Figures C.1 and C.2);
b) manually, with limited numerical control, operated boring and milling machines (see 3.2.2, Group 2), e.g. profile and contouring milling machines (see Figures C.3 and C.4);
c) numerically controlled milling machines and machining centres (see 3.2.3, Group 3), e.g. automatic milling machines and milling centres, e.g. multi-spindle milling machines, gear-milling machines (see Figures C.5 to C.7);
d) transfer and special-purpose machines (see 3.2.4, Group 4), which are designed to process only pre-specified workpieces or limited range of similar workpieces by means of a predetermined sequence of machining operations and process parameters (see Figures C.8 to C.13).
e) machines fitted with the following devices/facilities, whose hazards have been dealt with:
— tool magazine(s);
— tool changer(s);
— workpiece handling mechanism(s);
— powered workpiece clamping mechanism(s);
— swarf/chip conveyor(s);
— power-operated door(s);
— moveable operator cabin(s);
— additional equipment for turning;
— additional equipment for grinding.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to this type of machinery which can occur during transportation, assembly and installation, setting, operation, cleaning and maintenance, troubleshooting, dismantling or disabling according to ISO 12100, when the machinery is used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This document presumes accessibility to the machine from all directions and specifies access conditions to operator positions. It also applies to workpiece transfer devices including transport devices for loading/unloading when they form an integral part of the machine.
- Standard164 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft151 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Amendment5 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC TS 63394:2023 In the context of the safety of machinery, the sector standard IEC 62061, along with ISO 13849 1, provides requirements to manufacturers of machines for the design, development and integration of safety-related control systems (SCS) or safety-related parts of control systems (SRP/CS), depending on technology used (mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic or electrical technologies) to perform safety function(s). This document does not replace ISO 13849-1 and IEC 62061. This document gives additional guidance to the application of IEC 62061 or ISO 13849-1.
This document:
– gives guidelines and specifies additional requirements for specific safety functions based on the methodology of ISO 12100, which are relevant in machinery and respecting typical boundary conditions of machinery;
– considers safety functions which are designed for high demand mode of operation yet are rarely operated, called rarely activated safety functions;
– gives additional information for the calculation of failure rates using other (non-electronic) technologies based e.g. on Weibull distribution, because all the formula defined in IEC 62061 and ISO 13849-1 are based on exponential distribution.
Therefore, the basis for these guidelines and additional requirements is
– a typical classification of safety functions;
– a consideration of typical architectures used for designing safety functions;
– a consideration of modes of operation of safety functions;
– the derivation and evaluation of PFH formulas for subsystems considering the used technology.
This document does not address low demand mode of operation according to IEC 61508.
This document does not take into account either layer of protection analysis (LOPA) or basic process control system (BPCS), according to IEC 61511 as a risk reduction measure.
This document considers all lifecycle phases of the machine regarding functional safety, and SCS or SRP/CS.
- Technical specification142 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TS 63074:2023 identifies the relevant aspects of the IEC 62443 series related to security threats and vulnerabilities that are considered for the design and implementation of safety-related control systems (SCS) which can lead to the loss of the ability to maintain safe operation of a machine.
Typical security aspects related to the machine with potential relation to SCS are:
– vulnerabilities of the SCS either directly or indirectly through the other parts of the machine which can be exploited by security threats that can result in security attacks (security breach);
– influence on the safety characteristics and ability of the SCS to properly perform its function(s);
– typical use case definition and application of a corresponding threat model.
Non-safety-related aspects of security threats and vulnerabilities are not considered in this document.
The focus of this document is on intentional malicious actions. However, intentional hardware manipulation (e.g. wiring, exchange of components) or foreseeable misuse by physical manipulation of SCS (e.g. physical bypass) is not considered in this document.
This document does not cover security requirements for information technology (IT) products and for the design of devices used in the SCS (e.g., product specific standards can be available, such as IEC TS 63208).
- Technical specification30 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document establishes methods for determining the composition of groups of persons whose anthropometric characteristics are to be representative of the intended user population of any specific object under test.
This document is applicable to the testing of anthropometric aspects of industrial products and designs having direct contact with the human body or dependent on human body measurements, such as machinery, work equipment, personal protective equipment (PPE), consumer goods, working spaces, architectural details or transportation equipment.
This document is also applicable to the testing of such safety aspects of products that are dependent on human body measurements. It does not deal with other aspects of the task or other requirements, such as perception of information (except geometrical arrangement of the viewing targets) and the use of controls (except their geometrical placement).
Although this document deals with selecting test persons from an anthropometric perspective, similar general principles can be applied for other test variables, e.g. biomechanical aspects.
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This document deals with foreseeable significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to molding and coremaking machinery and associated equipment when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 5). It provides the requirements to be met by the manufacturer to ensure the safety of persons and property during the life-cycle phases in accordance with ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, as well as in the event of foreseeable failures or malfunctions that can occur in the equipment.
This document applies to the following equipment:
a) machinery constructed to condition and/or reclaim foundry sands for mold and coremaking (including related moldable granular materials);
b) molding machinery;
c) coremaking machinery;
d) knock-out equipment;
e) other directly associated equipment.
This document does not apply to:
— ladles and pouring equipment;
NOTE This equipment is covered within the European Union (EU) by EN 1247:2010.
— wax and lost foam pattern production and wax removal equipment;
— additive manufacturing equipment;
— dust and/or gaseous emissions reduction equipment;
— crane installations;
— winches;
— continuous conveyors or handling systems which can be an integral part of the equipment covered by this document;
— sand and casting separation systems.
This document does not explicitly deal with electrical hazards. These hazards are covered by IEC 60204-1: 2016
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- Draft54 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the technical safety requirements and protective measures for the design, construction and supply (including installation and dismantling, with arrangements for transport and maintenance) of:
— milling machines (see 3.1.1), including machines capable of performing boring operations (see 3.1.2);
— machining centres; and
— transfer machines (see 3.1.3)
designed for continuous production use, which are intended to cut cold metal and other non-combustible cold materials, except wood or materials with physical characteristics similar to those of wood as defined in ISO 19085‑1 and glass, stone and engineered/agglomerated materials as defined in EN 14618.
This document covers the following machines (referred to as "machines" in this document):
a) manually, without numerical control, operated boring and milling machines (see 3.2.1, Group 1), e.g. knee and column type milling machines (see Figures C.1 and C.2);
b) manually, with limited numerical control, operated boring and milling machines (see 3.2.2, Group 2), e.g. profile and contouring milling machines (see Figures C.3 and C.4);
c) numerically controlled milling machines and machining centres (see 3.2.3, Group 3), e.g. automatic milling machines and milling centres, e.g. multi-spindle milling machines, gear-milling machines (see Figures C.5 to C.7);
d) transfer and special-purpose machines (see 3.2.4, Group 4), which are designed to process only pre-specified workpieces or limited range of similar workpieces by means of a predetermined sequence of machining operations and process parameters (see Figures C.8 to C.13).
e) machines fitted with the following devices/facilities, whose hazards have been dealt with:
— tool magazine(s);
— tool changer(s);
— workpiece handling mechanism(s);
— powered workpiece clamping mechanism(s);
— swarf/chip conveyor(s);
— power-operated door(s);
— moveable operator cabin(s);
— additional equipment for turning;
— additional equipment for grinding.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to this type of machinery which can occur during transportation, assembly and installation, setting, operation, cleaning and maintenance, troubleshooting, dismantling or disabling according to ISO 12100, when the machinery is used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This document presumes accessibility to the machine from all directions and specifies access conditions to operator positions. It also applies to workpiece transfer devices including transport devices for loading/unloading when they form an integral part of the machine.
- Standard164 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft151 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the technical safety requirements and protective measures for the design, construction and supply (including installation and dismantling, with arrangements for transport and maintenance) of: — milling machines (see 3.1.1), including machines capable of performing boring operations (see 3.1.2); — machining centres; and — transfer machines (see 3.1.3) designed for continuous production use, which are intended to cut cold metal and other non-combustible cold materials, except wood or materials with physical characteristics similar to those of wood as defined in ISO 19085‑1 and glass, stone and engineered/agglomerated materials as defined in EN 14618. This document covers the following machines (referred to as "machines" in this document): a) manually, without numerical control, operated boring and milling machines (see 3.2.1, Group 1), e.g. knee and column type milling machines (see Figures C.1 and C.2); b) manually, with limited numerical control, operated boring and milling machines (see 3.2.2, Group 2), e.g. profile and contouring milling machines (see Figures C.3 and C.4); c) numerically controlled milling machines and machining centres (see 3.2.3, Group 3), e.g. automatic milling machines and milling centres, e.g. multi-spindle milling machines, gear-milling machines (see Figures C.5 to C.7); d) transfer and special-purpose machines (see 3.2.4, Group 4), which are designed to process only pre-specified workpieces or limited range of similar workpieces by means of a predetermined sequence of machining operations and process parameters (see Figures C.8 to C.13). e) machines fitted with the following devices/facilities, whose hazards have been dealt with: — tool magazine(s); — tool changer(s); — workpiece handling mechanism(s); — powered workpiece clamping mechanism(s); — swarf/chip conveyor(s); — power-operated door(s); — moveable operator cabin(s); — additional equipment for turning; — additional equipment for grinding. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to this type of machinery which can occur during transportation, assembly and installation, setting, operation, cleaning and maintenance, troubleshooting, dismantling or disabling according to ISO 12100, when the machinery is used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This document presumes accessibility to the machine from all directions and specifies access conditions to operator positions. It also applies to workpiece transfer devices including transport devices for loading/unloading when they form an integral part of the machine.
- Standard155 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard170 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document establishes methods for determining the composition of groups of persons whose
anthropometric characteristics are to be representative of the intended user population of any specific
object under test.
This document is applicable to the testing of anthropometric aspects of industrial products and designs
having direct contact with the human body or dependent on human body measurements, such as
machinery, work equipment, personal protective equipment (PPE), consumer goods, working spaces,
architectural details or transportation equipment.
This document is also applicable to the testing of such safety aspects of products that are dependent on
human body measurements. It does not deal with other aspects of the task or other requirements, such
as perception of information (except geometrical arrangement of the viewing targets) and the use of
controls (except their geometrical placement).
Although this document deals with selecting test persons from an anthropometric perspective, similar
general principles can be applied for other test variables, e.g. biomechanical aspects.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft16 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC TS 61496-4-3:2022 is available as IEC TS 61496-4-3:2022 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC TS 61496-4-3:2022 specifies requirements for the design, construction and testing of non-contact electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons or parts of persons as part of a safety-related system, employing vision-based protective devices (VBPDs) using stereo vision techniques (VBPDST) for the sensing function. Special attention is directed to features which ensure that an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE can include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given in Annex A of IEC 61496-1:2020 and this document. Where this document does not contain all necessary provisions, IEC TS 62998-1 applies. It is also possible, for those aspects not considered in this document, to use provisions from IEC TS 62998-1 additionally. This document does not specify the dimensions or configurations of the detection zone and its disposition in relation to hazardous parts for any particular application, nor what constitutes a hazardous state of any machine. It is restricted to the functioning of the ESPE and how it interfaces with the machine. The detection principle is based on the evaluation of images from different viewing points (stereoscopic view) for the determination of distance information. This distance information is used to determine the position of an object(s).
– This document is limited to vision based ESPEs with fixed distances (stereo base) and fixed directions of the optical axes using a fixed focal length.
– It is limited to vision based ESPEs that do not require human intervention for detection.
– It is limited to vision based ESPEs that detect objects entering into or being present in a detection zone(s).
– It is limited to VBPDSTs employing radiation at wavelengths within the range 400 nm to 1 500 nm.
– This document does not address those aspects required for complex classification or differentiation of the object detected.
– This document does not consider the aspects of a moving ESPE installation.
Additional requirements and tests can apply in the following cases:
– Use of multi-spectral (colour) techniques;
– Setups other than as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 (e.g. changing backgrounds, horizontal orientation of the optical axis with respect to the floor);
– Intended for outdoor applications.
This document is relevant for VBPDSTs having a stated detection capability up to 200 mm. This document can be relevant to applications other than those for the protection of persons or parts of persons like arm or fingers (in the range 14 mm to 200 mm), for example the protection of machinery or products from mechanical damage. In those applications, additional requirements can be necessary, for example when the materials that are to be recognized by the sensing function have different properties from those of persons. This document does not deal with EMC emission requirements.
IEC TS 61496-4-3:2022 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2015-05. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Some requirement clauses and test procedures have been adapted or removed because they have been consolidated in IEC 61496-1:2020 (e.g. 5.4.6.2 Light sources or Clause A.9).
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IEC TS 61496-4-2:2022 is available as IEC TS 61496-4-2:2022 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC TS 61496-4-2:2022 specifies requirements for the design, construction and testing of non-contact electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons as part of a safety-related system, employing vision-based protective devices (VBPDs) using reference pattern techniques (VBPDPP) for the sensing function. Special attention is directed to features which ensure that an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE can include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given in Annex A of IEC 61496-1:2020 and this document. Where this document does not contain all necessary provisions, then IEC TS 62998-1 applies. It is also possible, for those aspects not considered in this document, to use provisions from IEC TS 62998-1 additionally. This document does not specify the dimensions or configurations of the detection zone and its disposition in relation to hazardous parts for any particular application, nor what constitutes a hazardous state of any machine. It is restricted to the functioning of the ESPE and how it interfaces with the machine. A VBPDPP is defined as consisting of a single image-sensing device viewing on a passive reference pattern as the background and where the detection principle is based on blocking or partially preventing the view of the pattern. Information about the thickness, shape, surface characteristics or location of the object is not required for detection. For multi-image sensing devices, additional techniques, requirements and test procedures can be necessary.
- This document is limited to automatic vision-based ESPEs that do not require human intervention for detection.
- It is limited to automatic vision-based ESPEs that detect objects entering into, or are present in, a detection zone(s).
- It is limited to ESPEs using active illumination technique.
- Excluded from this technical specification are VBPDPPs employing radiation at wavelengths outside the range 400 nm to 1 500 nm.
- This document does not address those aspects required for complex classification or differentiation of the object detected.
This document is relevant for VBPDPPs having a stated detection capability up to 200 mm. This document does not deal with EMC emission requirements.
IEC TS 61496-4-2:2022 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Some requirement clauses and test procedures have been adapted or removed because they have been consolidated in IEC 61496-1:2020 (e.g. 5.4.6.2 of IEC 61496-1:2020 Light sources or Clause A.9).
- Technical specification38 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC 61800-5-1:2022 specifies requirements for adjustable speed electrical power drive systems (PDS) or their elements, with respect to electrical, thermal, fire, mechanical, energy and other relevant hazards. It does not cover the driven equipment except for interface requirements. It applies to adjustable speed electrical PDS which include the power conversion, basic drive module (BDM)/complete drive module (CDM) control, and a motor or motors.
Excluded are traction and electric vehicle BDM/CDM.
It applies to low-voltage adjustable speed electrical PDS intended to feed a motor or motors from a BDM/CDM connected to phase-to-phase voltages of up to and including 1,0 kV AC (50 Hz or 60 Hz) and up to and including 1,5 kV DC. It also applies to high-voltage adjustable speed electrical PDS intended to feed a motor or motors from a BDM/CDM connected to phase-to-phase voltages of up to and including 35 kV AC (50 Hz or 60 Hz) and up to and including 52 kV DC.
This document also applies to PDS which intentionally emits or receives radio waves for the purpose of radio communication.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) harmonization with IEC 62477-1:2022;
b) harmonization with UL 61800-5-1 and CSA C22.2 No. 274, including an annex with a list of national deviation which was considered not possible to harmonize within a reasonable timeframe;
c) more detailed information about the evaluation of components according to this document and relevant safety component standards;
d) updated requirement for mechanical hazards including multiple IP ratings.
The contents of the corrigendum 1 (2023-09) have been included in this copy.
- Standard903 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
IEC TR 63161:2022 can be used where a risk assessment according to ISO 12100 has been conducted for a machine or process plant and where a safety related control function has been selected for implementation as a protective measure against specified hazards. This document describes an example basic logical rationale to assign a safety integrity requirement to the selected function.
The description is generic and as far as reasonably possible independent from any specific tool or method that can be used for assignment of a safety integrity requirement. The requirement can be expressed as a safety integrity level (SIL), or performance level (PL).
An example basic rationale is described that is embodied by such methods and tools, as far as they follow a risk based quantitative approach.
Conversely, the logic described in this document can be used as a reference for assessing specific methods or tools for safety integrity assignment. This can clarify how far the respective tool/method is following a risk based quantitative approach, and where deviations from that approach are imposed by other considerations. In real applications, the quantitative risk based approach can be modified or overridden by other considerations in many cases and for good reasons. It is not within the scope of this document to discuss or evaluate such reasons. Usually the reasons for deviations from a given tool or method from a quantitative logic are provided, so that this can be discussed in the proper frame.
Examples for such analyses are provided for common assignment tools in the format of risk graphs and risk matrices.
This document can be used for safety related control functions in all modes of application: continuous mode, high demand mode and low demand mode of application.
- Technical report46 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document deals with foreseeable significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to molding and coremaking machinery and associated equipment when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 5). It provides the requirements to be met by the manufacturer to ensure the safety of persons and property during the life-cycle phases in accordance with ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, as well as in the event of foreseeable failures or malfunctions that can occur in the equipment. This document applies to the following equipment: a) machinery constructed to condition and/or reclaim foundry sands for mold and coremaking (including related moldable granular materials); b) molding machinery; c) coremaking machinery; d) knock-out equipment; e) other directly associated equipment. This document does not apply to: — ladles and pouring equipment; NOTE This equipment is covered within the European Union (EU) by EN 1247:2010. — wax and lost foam pattern production and wax removal equipment; — additive manufacturing equipment; — dust and/or gaseous emissions reduction equipment; — crane installations; — winches; — continuous conveyors or handling systems which can be an integral part of the equipment covered by this document; — sand and casting separation systems. This document does not explicitly deal with electrical hazards. These hazards are covered by IEC 60204-1: 2016
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- Standard54 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document gives the safety requirements and measures for numerically controlled (NC/CNC) boring machines, NC/CNC routing machines and NC/CNC boring and routing machines (as defined in 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4), capable of continuous production use, hereinafter referred to as "machines".
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines when they are operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have been taken into account.
This document is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
— additional working units for sawing, sanding, assembling or dowel inserting;
— fixed or movable workpiece support;
— mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic or vacuum workpiece clamping;
— automatic tool change devices.
It is also applicable to machines fitted with edge-banding equipment, even if the relevant specific hazards have not been dealt with.
NOTE For the risk assessment needed for the edge-banding equipment, ISO 19085-17 can be useful.
Machines covered in this document are designed for workpieces consisting of:
— solid wood;
— material with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2021, 3.2);
— gypsum boards, gypsum bounded fibreboards, cardboard;
— matrix engineered mineral boards, silicate boards;
— composite materials with core consisting of polyurethane or mineral material laminated with light alloy;
— polymer-matrix composite materials and reinforced thermoplastic/thermoset/elastomeric materials;
— aluminium light alloy profiles;
— aluminium light alloy plates with a maximum thickness of 10 mm;
— composite boards made from the materials listed above.
This document does not deal with specific hazards related to:
— use of grinding wheels;
— ejection through openings guarded by curtains on machines where the height of the opening in the enclosure above the workpiece support exceeds 700 mm;
— ejection due to failure of milling tools with a cutting circle diameter equal to or greater than 16 mm and sawing tools not conforming to EN 847‑1:2017 and EN 847‑2:2017;
— the combination of a single machine being used with other machines (as a part of a line);
— integrated workpiece loading/unloading systems (e.g. robots).
This document is not applicable to:
— single spindle hand fed or integrated fed routing machines;
— machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere;
— machines manufactured prior to its publication.
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This document addresses how artificial intelligence – machine learning can impact the safety of machinery and machinery systems. This document describes how hazards being associated with artificial intelligence (AI) applications – machine learning in machinery or machinery systems and designed to act within specific limits can be considered in the risk assessment process. This document is not applicable to machinery or machinery systems with artificial intelligence (AI) applications – machine learning designed to act beyond specified limits that can result in unpredictable effects. This document does not address safety systems with AI, for example, safety-related sensors and other safety-related parts of control systems.
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This document gives the safety requirements and measures for horizontal beam panel circular sawing machines with the saw carriage of the front cutting line mounted below the workpiece support, which are manually and/or powered loaded and manually unloaded, capable of continuous production use, as defined in 3.1 and hereinafter referred to as “machines”.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have been taken into account.
It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
— side pressure device;
— device for powered unloading;
— unit for scoring;
— unit for post-formed/soft-formed edge pre-cutting;
— panel turning device;
— front side turn table;
— pushing out device;
— pneumatic clamping of the saw blade;
— powered panel loading device;
— device for grooving by milling tool;
— one or more additional cutting lines inside the machine for longitudinal and/or head cut (before the transversal cutting line);
— workpiece vacuum clamping as part of a front side turn table or of a panel loading device;
— panel pusher;
— independent panel pushers;
— additional panel pushers mounted on the panel pusher carriage;
— additional panel pusher with integrated label printer device;
— lifting platform;
— device for automatic loading of thin panels;
— device for base board unloading by gravity;
— device for base board powered unloading;
— device for panel unloading in limited space condition;
— loading or pre-loading roller conveyors;
— pressure beam with additional flaps to increase dust extraction efficiency;
— saw blade cooling system by air or water-air or oil-air;
— vibrating conveyor with/without trimming unit for offcuts management;
— predisposition for top loading/unloading by an external system directly on the machine table and/or on the machine preloading roller conveyor and/or on the machine lifting table.
NOTE base board is a support panel underlying the panel stack, to protect the panels from damages during transportation.
The machines are designed for cutting panels consisting of:
a) solid wood;
b) material with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO19085‑1:2021, 2);
c) gypsum boards, gypsum bounded fibreboards;
d) composite materials, with core consisting of e.g. polyurethane or mineral material, laminated with light alloy;
e) cardboard;
f) foam board;
g) matrix engineered mineral boards, silicate boards;
h) polymer‐matrix composite materials and reinforced thermoplastic/thermoset/elastomeric materials;
i) aluminium light alloy plates with a maximum thickness of 10 mm;
j) composite boards made from the materials listed above.
This document does not deal with hazards related to:
— specific features different from those listed above;
— the machining of panels with milling tools for grooving;
— powered unloading of panels;
— rear half of split pressure beam on the front cutting line;
— the combination of a single machine being used with any other machine (as part of a line).
It is not applicable to:
— machines intended for use in potentiall
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This document gives the safety requirements and measures for stationary manually loaded and unloaded:
— cold presses;
— hot presses;
— bending presses;
— edge/face gluing presses;
— membrane presses;
— embossing presses;
where the pressing force is applied by hydraulic actuators pushing two flat or shaped surfaces against each other, hereinafter referred to as "machines".
It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Clause 4 relevant to machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases are taken into account.
NOTE For relevant but not significant hazards, e.g. sharp edges of the machine frame, see ISO 12100:2010.
It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
a) device for hot gluing;
b) device for high-frequency gluing;
c) device for high-frequency shaping;
d) automatic work-piece loading and unloading system;
e) intermediate additional platens;
f) work-piece extractor;
g) work-piece clamping pressure beam;
h) split moveable platens.
The machines are designed to process work-pieces consisting of:
1) solid wood;
2) materials with similar characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085‑1:2017, 3.2);
3) honeycomb board.
This document does not deal with any hazards related to:
— specific devices that differ from the list above;
— hot fluid heating systems internal to the machine other than electrical;
— any hot fluid heating systems external to the machine;
— operation of taking intermediate platens out and in again;
— the combination of a single machine being used with any other machine (as part of a line).
It is not applicable to:
— frame presses;
— membrane presses where the pressing force is applied by vacuum only;
— presses for producing chipboard, fibreboard, OSB;
— machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere;
— machines manufactured before the date of its publication as an international standard.
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This document gives the safety requirements and measures for four-sided moulding machines, capable of continuous production use, with a maximum working width of 350 mm and a maximum speed of the integrated workpiece feed of 200 m/min, hereinafter referred to as “machines”, designed to cut solid wood and materials with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2021, 3.2).
It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer; reasonably foreseeable misuse has been considered too. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases are taken into account.
It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices / additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
— universal spindle;
— glass bead saw unit;
— fixed or movable workpiece support;
— quick tool changing system;
— laser marking unit;
— automatic workpiece returner;
— in-feed hopper;
— loading magazine;
— unloading table.
This document does not deal with any hazards related to:
a) in-feed devices other than in-feed hopper and loading magazine;
NOTE 1 For mechanical in-feed devices which also prevent access to the in-feed opening, see 6.6.4.
b) out-feed devices other than unloading table, except for hazards related to ejection from the machine due to climb cutting;
c) out-feed of workpieces on machines with feed speed higher than 60 m/min;
NOTE 2 Machines with feed speed higher than 60 m/min are usually combined with mechanical unloading and workpiece transfer systems.
d) machines being used in combination with any other machine (as part of a line).
It is not applicable to machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere and to machines manufactured prior to its publication.
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This document establishes methods for determining the composition of groups of persons whose anthropometric characteristics are to be representative of the intended user population of any specific object under test. This document is applicable to the testing of anthropometric aspects of industrial products and designs having direct contact with the human body or dependent on human body measurements, such as machinery, work equipment, personal protective equipment (PPE), consumer goods, working spaces, architectural details or transportation equipment. This document is also applicable to the testing of such safety aspects of products that are dependent on human body measurements. It does not deal with other aspects of the task or other requirements, such as perception of information (except geometrical arrangement of the viewing targets) and the use of controls (except their geometrical placement). Although this document deals with selecting test persons from an anthropometric perspective, similar general principles can be applied for other test variables, e.g. biomechanical aspects.
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This document specifies the general safety requirements for cold rolling mills for flat products as defined in 3.1.
This document is applicable to: Plant (machinery, equipment, devices according Annex D) used for the manufacturing of metal cold rolled flat products from the material supply from entry (1), via the mill stand(s) (2) with roll changing devices (4), to the material removal (3) (see Figure 1).
Figure 1...
This standard does not cover:
- Thermo process equipment, e.g. in accordance with EN 746 series;
- Strip processing lines according to EN 15061, e.g. pickling line;
- Abrasive blasting plants according to EN 1248;
- Coil transporting system before coil take-over-point at the entry section and after coil take-over-point at the exit section, e.g. hook conveyors, overhead cranes, fork lift and railway trucks and other vehicles;
- Roll shop equipment;
- Hook conveyors according to EN 619;
- Non-fixed load lifting attachments, e.g. according to EN 13155;
- Storage equipment (e.g. high-bay warehouses);
- Cranes, fork lifts, trucks and railway trucks and other vehicles;
- Process technology (e.g. systems for rolling lubricant, compressed air, treatment of water, cleaning system for exhaust air);
- Firefighting system.
NOTE 1 Special requirements for protection of persons in case of using asphyxiant gases used in firefighting system is covered by this document, see Annex C.
This document deals with foreseeable significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to cold rolling mills for flat products, when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It provides the requirements to be met by the manufacturer to ensure the safety of persons and property during transport, commissioning, operation and de-commissioning, as well as in the event of foreseeable failures or malfunctions that can occur in the equipment.
NOTE 2 For modernization, this document (C-type standard) can be applied for the part to be modernized.
- Standard86 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
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This document addresses how artificial intelligence machine learning can impact the safety of machinery and machinery systems.
This document describes how hazards being associated with artificial intelligence (AI) applications machine learning in machinery or machinery systems, and designed to act within specific limits, can be considered in the risk assessment process.
This document is not applicable to machinery or machinery systems with AI applications machine learning designed to act beyond specified limits that can result in unpredictable effects.
This document does not address safety systems with AI, for example, safety-related sensors and other safety-related parts of control systems.
- Technical report14 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general safety requirements for finishing lines for metal strip, hereafter referred as finishing line(s), as defined in 3.1.
This document deals with significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant for finishing lines when used as intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer. This document provides the requirements to be met by the manufacturer to ensure the safety of persons and property during transport, commissioning, operation and de-commissioning, as well as in the event of foreseeable failures or malfunctions that can occur in the equipment (see Clauses 4 and 5).
This document is applicable to:
Plant (machinery, equipment, devices) for the customer-specific processing of metal strip/metal foil (starting material: hot rolled or cold rolled strip as coil) from the material feeding (1) via the finishing process (2) until the material removal (3) (see exemplary layout in Figure 1).
Figure 1...
Examples of finishing lines and their machinery/equipment covered by the scope of this standard are listed below:
- finishing lines, e.g.:
- slitting line (see Figure 2);
- cut-to-length line (see Figure 3);
- feeding line (see Figure 4);
- blanking line;
- trimming line;
- rounding machines;
- strip edge machining lines;
- inspection lines;
- rewinding lines, separator lines, doubler lines;
- strip-supply lines (e.g. for presses or roll forming lines);
- interlinked machinery/equipment which can be part of a finishing line, e.g.:
- coil conveying (e.g. feeding in, threading, pushing-in, guiding and transporting);
- stretching, bending, levelling machine;
- marking machine;
- recoiler and uncoiler;
- shears;
- punching machine;
- coil and sleeve handling device;
- welding machine;
- oiling machine;
- scrap chopper, scrap coiler, scrap conveyor;
- changing device;
- stacking device;
- coil transport device (associated with the line);
- measuring systems and devices;
- fluid systems.
The following machinery may be part of or linked to a finishing line but are not covered by this document:
- packaging lines (EN 415);
- roll forming lines;
- machines for painting and laminating;
- embossing machine;
- saws;
- plate shear (plate as raw material) (EN 13985);
- equipment for applying (removing) media to (from) the material surface;
- coil transport devices outside the boundaries of the line (e.g. supply from the storage);
- presses (EN 692 and EN 693);
- milling machines (EN 13128);
- machinery using laser (EN ISO 11553) for strip processing (e.g. welding, cutting);
- punching machines (as stand-alone machine);
- cranes;
- robots (EN ISO 10218);
- separate media systems (e.g. compressed air system, exhaust system);
- storage equipment.
For modernization, this document can be applied for the parts to be modernized.
Figure 2, 3, 4...
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CCMC origin
- Corrigendum1 pageEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document gives the safety requirements and measures for numerically controlled (NC/CNC)
boring machines, NC/CNC routing machines and NC/CNC boring and routing machines (as defined in
3.2, 3.3 and 3.4), capable of continuous production use, hereinafter referred to as "machines".
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, listed in Annex A,
relevant to the machines when they are operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the
conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also, transport,
assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have been taken into account.
This document is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional
working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
— additional working units for sawing, sanding, assembling or dowel inserting;
— fixed or movable workpiece support;
— mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic or vacuum workpiece clamping;
— automatic tool change devices.
It is also applicable to machines fitted with edge-banding equipment, even if the relevant specific
hazards have not been dealt with.
NOTE For the risk assessment needed for the edge-banding equipment, ISO 19085-17 can be useful.
Machines covered in this document are designed for workpieces consisting of:
— solid wood;
— material with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2021, 3.2);
— gypsum boards, gypsum bounded fibreboards, cardboard;
— matrix engineered mineral boards, silicate boards;
— composite materials with core consisting of polyurethane or mineral material laminated with light
alloy;
— polymer-matrix composite materials and reinforced thermoplastic/thermoset/elastomeric
materials;
— aluminium light alloy profiles;
— aluminium light alloy plates with a maximum thickness of 10 mm;
— composite boards made from the materials listed above.
This document does not deal with specific hazards related to:
— use of grinding wheels;
— ejection through openings guarded by curtains on machines where the height of the opening in the
enclosure above the workpiece support exceeds 700 mm;
— ejection due to failure of milling tools with a cutting circle diameter equal to or greater than 16 mm
and sawing tools not conforming to EN 847-1:2017 and EN 847-2:2017;
— the combination of a single machine being used with other machines (as a part of a line);
— integrated workpiece loading/unloading systems (e.g. robots).
This document is not applicable to:
— single spindle hand fed or integrated fed routing machines;
— machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere;
— machines manufactured prior to its publication.
- Standard96 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
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CCMC origin
- Corrigendum1 pageEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general safety requirements for hot rolling mills for flat products as defined in 3.1.
This document is applicable to: Plant (machinery, equipment, devices according Annex D) used for the manufacturing of metal hot rolled flat products from the material supply from entry (1), via the mill stands (2) with roll changing devices (6), to the exit (5) (see Figure 1).
Figure 1....
This standard does not cover:
- thermo process equipment, e.g. in accordance with the EN 746 series;
- continuous casting machines according to EN 14753;
- hook conveyors according to EN 619;
- non-fixed load lifting attachments, e.g. according to EN 13155;
- roll shop equipment;
- storage equipment (e.g. high-bay warehouses);
- cranes, fork lifts, trucks and railway trucks and other vehicles;
- process technology (e.g. treatment of water, rolling lubricant, compressed air, etc.);
- separate cleaning system for exhaust air;
- firefighting system.
NOTE 1 Special requirements for protection of persons in case of using asphyxiant gases used in firefighting system is covered by this document (see Annex C).
This document deals with significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to hot rolling mills for flat products, when it is used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It provides the requirements to be met by the manufacturer to ensure the safety of persons and property during transport, commissioning, operation and de-commissioning, as well as in the event of foreseeable failures or malfunctions that can occur in the equipment.
NOTE 2 For modernization, this document (C-type standard) can be applied for the part to be modernized.
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This document applies for plant (containing machinery and equipment) used in the process of continuous casting of liquid steel (hereafter referred to as continuous casting machine, CCM) as defined in 3.1.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to machinery and equipment for the continuous casting of steel, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This document specifies the safety requirements to be met during design, assembly, transport, commissioning, operation, maintenance (as described in Clause 5) and decommissioning of the equipment.
This document assumes that the machinery and equipment of the plant is operated and maintained by adequately trained and competent personnel (see 7.5). Manual intervention for setting, adjustment and maintenance is accepted as part of the intended use of the plant.
This document assumes that the machinery is used with adequate workstation lighting conforming to EN 12464-1.
NOTE National regulations regarding lighting should be considered and could differ from requirements of EN 12464-1.
This document applies to:
CCM for the transformation of molten liquid steel into solid products in sections (e.g., square, rectangular, beam blank, circular)
- CCM's from the point where overhead cranes or other transport systems deposit ladles to CCM (e.g., in a ladle turret, ladle car or ladle stand);
- via casting process and solidification process;
- via cutting equipment;
- thru the run-out-area where the cut product is finished, collected and removed from that area.
This document does not cover safety requirements for:
- horizontal-CCM for steel;
- auxiliary plants (e.g., water treatment, refractory handling);
- ladles;
- cranes;
- winches and hoists;
- conveyors or handling systems;
- workshop equipment (mould and segment shop, tundish workshop).
NOTE It is recommended to use this standard in case of modernization for the parts to be modernized.
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This European Standard defines the health and safety requirements of strip processing lines.
This European Standard deals with significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant for strip processing line machinery and equipment, when used as intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer, but also includes foreseeable faults and malfunctions in case of misuse.
This European Standard applies to:
Strip processing lines for treating metal strip: from coil take-over-point of the entry section through the process up to the coil take-over-point of the exit section or interface to other lines (terminal equipment).
NOTE 1 The aforementioned lines/ processes can also occur in combination.
NOTE 2 If the aforementioned lines/processes are combined with processes which are not covered by the scope of this standard, it is recommended to use this standard as a guideline.
NOTE 3 Thermo process equipment integrated in strip processing lines is covered by EN 746 series. For dryers and ovens, in which flammable substances are released, EN 1539 applies.
This European Standard does not cover:
Thermo process equipment, e. g., in accordance with EN 746 series;
Dryers and ovens in accordance with EN 1539;
Coil transporting system before coil take-over-point at the entry section and after coil take-over-point at the exit section, e. g., hook conveyors, overhead cranes, fork lift and railway trucks and other vehicles;
Acid regeneration plants;
Regeneration plants which are not integral part of the strip processing line
Storage equipment for coils;
Rolling mill stands (i. e., skin pass and reduction stands) according to EN 15094;
Rollshop equipment;
Separate process technology (e. g., compressed air system, treatment of water and treatment of rolling lubricant);
Separate cleaning system for exhaust air;
Firefighting system.
NOTE: Protection of persons in case of using asphyxiant gases used in firefighting system is covered by this document, see Annex C.
This European Standard is not applicable to strip processing line machinery and equipment, which are manufactured before the date of publication of this standard by CEN.
NOTE: In case of revamping parts of a strip processing line, this European Standard should be used as a guideline for the parts to be revamped
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This part of IEC 61496 specifies additional requirements for the design, construction and testing of electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons or parts of persons as part of a safety-related system, employing active optoelectronic protective devices responsive to diffuse reflection (AOPDDRs) for the sensing function. Special attention is directed to requirements which ensure that an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPEcan include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given both in Annex A of this document and in Annex A of IEC 61496-1:2012. This document does not specify the dimensions or configurations of the detection zone and its disposition in relation to hazardous parts for any particular application, nor what constitutes a hazardous state of any machine. It is restricted to the functioning of the ESPE and how it interfaces with the machine. AOPDDRs are devices that have either - one or more detection zone(s) specified in two dimensions (AOPDDR-2D), or - one or more detection zone(s) specified in three dimensions (AOPDDR-3D) wherein radiation in the near infrared range is emitted by an emitting element(s). When the emitted radiation impinges on an object (for example, a person or part of a person), a portion of the emitted radiation is reflected to a receiving element(s) by diffuse reflection. This reflection is used to determine the position of the object. Opto-electronic devices that perform only a single one-dimensional spot-like distance measurement, for example, optical proximity switches, are not covered by this document. This document does not address those aspects required for complex classification or differentiation of the object detected. This document does not address requirements and tests for outdoor application. Excluded from this document are AOPDDRs employing radiation with the peak of wavelength outside the range 820 nm to 950 nm, and those employing radiation other than that generated by the AOPDDR itself. For sensing devices that employ radiation of wavelengths outside this range, this document can be used as a guide. This document is relevant for AOPDDRs having a minimum detectable object size in the range from 30 mm to 200 mm. This document can be relevant to applications other than those for the protection of persons, for example, for the protection of machinery or products from mechanical damage. In those applications, different requirements can be appropriate, for example when the materials that have to be recognized by the sensing function have different properties from those of persons and their clothing. This document does not deal with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) emission requirements.
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NEW!IEC 60204-11:2018 is available as IEC 60204-11:2018 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 60204-11:2018 applies to electrical and electronic equipment and systems to machines, including a group of machines working together in a co-ordinated manner, which operate at nominal voltages above 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC and not exceeding 36 kV AC or DC with nominal frequencies not exceeding 60 Hz. IEC 60204-11:2018 cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 2000. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition contains significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition regarding the following: – aspects of risk assessment, which are mirrored from ISO 12100; – equipotential bonding and earthing; – EMC and power quality; – HV switchgear and controlgear; – creepage distances for conductors and slip-ring assemblies; – a list of machinery using HV equipment, in Annex A. IEC 60204-11:2018 has been updated and improved to reflect the experience gained with the first edition and the evolution of high-voltage equipment reflected in the relevant standards. Regarding formal requirements, IEC 60204-11 has been aligned with – IEC 60204-1:2016, – IEC 61936-1:2010 and IEC 61936-1:2010/AMD1:2014, – IEC 62271 (all parts). This document is intended to be used in conjunction with IEC 60204-1.
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This document gives the safety requirements and measures for stationary and displaceable table band saws and band resaws with manual loading and/or unloading, designed to cut wood and materials with similar physical characteristics to wood, hereinafter referred to as “machines”.
NOTE 1 For the definition of displaceable machine, see ISO 19085-1:2017, 3.5.
It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Clause 4, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have been taken into account.
NOTE 2 For relevant but not significant hazards, e.g. sharp edges of the machine frame, see ISO 12100:2010.
It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
a) device to tilt the table;
b) device to tilt the saw unit.
This document does not apply to:
1) machines driven by combustion engines or power take offs (PTO);
2) log band sawing machines;
NOTE 3 Log band sawing machines are covered by EN 1807-2.
3) machines designed for cross-cutting round or irregular shaped work-pieces;
4) transportable / displaceable machines with a maximum length of the band saw blade of ≤ 2700 mm and a maximum diameter of the powered wheel of ≤ 350 mm;
NOTE 4 Transportable electrically driven machines are covered by the requirements of EN 61029-1:2009 together with EN 61029-2-5:2015.
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This part of ISO 19085 gives the safety requirements and measures for stationary four sided moulding machines with a maximum working width of 350 mm and a maximum speed of the integrated workpiece feed of 200 m/min, with electrical and/or electronic control system, hereinafter referred to as “machines” designed to cut solid wood and materials with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2017, 3.2).
It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Clause 4 relevant to machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling,
disabling and scrapping phases are taken into account.
NOTE: For relevant but not significant hazards, e.g. sharp edges of the machine frame, see ISO 12100:2010.
It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices / additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
- universal spindle;
- glass bead saw unit
- fixed or movable work-piece support;
- quick tool changing system
- laser marking unit
- automatic work-piece returner
- in-feed hopper
- in-feed loading table
This part of ISO 19085 does not deal with any hazards related to:
a) in-feed devices other than in-feed hopper and in-feed loading table (magazines, etc.);
NOTE: For mechanical in-feed devices which also prevent access to the in-feed opening, see 6.6.4.
b) out-feed devices (e.g. mechanical handling systems) except for hazards related to ejection from the machine due to climb cutting
c) single machine being used in combination with any other machine (as part of a line);
It is not applicable to machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere and to machines manufactured prior to its publication.
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This part of ISO 19085 gives the safety requirements and measures for stationary manually loaded and unloaded:
- cold presses,
- hot presses,
- bending presses,
- edge/face gluing presses,
- membrane presses,
- embossing presses,
where pressing force is applied by hydraulic actuators pushing two flat or shaped surfaces against each other, hereinafter referred to as "machines".
It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Clause 4 relevant to machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases are taken into account.
NOTE: For relevant but not significant hazards, e.g. sharp edges of the machine frame, see ISO 12100:2010.
It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
- Device for hot gluing
- Device for high frequency gluing
- Device for high frequency shaping
- Automatic work-piece loading and unloading system
- intermediate additional platens
- work-piece extractor
- work-piece clamping pressure beam
- split moveable platens.
The machines are designed to process work-pieces consisting of:
- solid wood;
- materials with similar characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2017, 3.2);
- honeycomb.
This part of ISO 19085 does not deal with any hazards related to:
- specific devices that differ from the list above;
- hot fluid heating systems internal to the machine other than electrical;
- any hot fluid heating systems external to the machine;
- operation of taking intermediate platens out and in again;
- the combination of a single machine being used with any other machine (as part of a line).
It is not applicable to:
- frame presses;
- membrane presses where the pressing force is applied by vacuum only;
- presses for producing chipboard, fibreboard, OSB;
- machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere;
- machines manufactured before the date of its publication as an international standard.
- Standard54 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document gives the safety requirements and measures for horizontal beam panel circular sawing machines with the saw carriage of the front cutting line mounted below the workpiece support, which are manually and/or powered loaded and manually unloaded, capable of continuous production use, as defined in 3.1 and hereinafter referred to as “machines”.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have been taken into account.
It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
— side pressure device;
— device for powered unloading;
— unit for scoring;
— unit for post-formed/soft-formed edge pre-cutting;
— panel turning device;
— front side turn table;
— pushing out device;
— pneumatic clamping of the saw blade;
— powered panel loading device;
— device for grooving by milling tool;
— one or more additional cutting lines inside the machine for longitudinal and/or head cut (before the transversal cutting line);
— workpiece vacuum clamping as part of a front side turn table or of a panel loading device;
— panel pusher;
— independent panel pushers;
— additional panel pushers mounted on the panel pusher carriage;
— additional panel pusher with integrated label printer device;
— lifting platform;
— device for automatic loading of thin panels;
— device for base board unloading by gravity;
— device for base board powered unloading;
— device for panel unloading in limited space condition;
— loading or pre-loading roller conveyors;
— pressure beam with additional flaps to increase dust extraction efficiency;
— saw blade cooling system by air or water-air or oil-air;
— vibrating conveyor with/without trimming unit for offcuts management;
— predisposition for top loading/unloading by an external system directly on the machine table and/or on the machine preloading roller conveyor and/or on the machine lifting table.
NOTE base board is a support panel underlying the panel stack, to protect the panels from damages during transportation.
The machines are designed for cutting panels consisting of:
a) solid wood;
b) material with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO19085‑1:2021, 2);
c) gypsum boards, gypsum bounded fibreboards;
d) composite materials, with core consisting of e.g. polyurethane or mineral material, laminated with light alloy;
e) cardboard;
f) foam board;
g) matrix engineered mineral boards, silicate boards;
h) polymer‐matrix composite materials and reinforced thermoplastic/thermoset/elastomeric materials;
i) aluminium light alloy plates with a maximum thickness of 10 mm;
j) composite boards made from the materials listed above.
This document does not deal with hazards related to:
— specific features different from those listed above;
— the machining of panels with milling tools for grooving;
— powered unloading of panels;
— rear half of split pressure beam on the front cutting line;
— the combination of a single machine being used with any other machine (as part of a line).
It is not applicable to:
— machines intended for use in potentiall
- Standard56 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft50 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This European Standard applies to pulpers and their loading facilities intended for use in paper making and shall be used together with EN 1034-1:2000+A1:2009. It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and hazard events relevant to pulpers and their loading facilities, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4).
This European Standard is not applicable to pulpers and their loading facilities that have been manufactured before the date of publication of this standard.
- Standard33 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft28 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides requirements and recommendations for designers of BWMS using electrolytic methods to document the risk assessment and risk reduction process over the lifecycle of the equipment, and to support its approval for use on ships by administrations and classification societies. Specifically, this document provides basic terminology, principles and a methodology to identify and subsequently minimize the risk of hazards in the design of BWMS using electrolytic methods. It specifies the procedures for risk assessment and risk reduction following the guidance in ISO 12100. Risks considered include: human health and safety; marine environment related to conditions on board; and ship installation, operation, maintenance and structural integrity. This document does not address the methodology for the risk assessment of corrosion effects, toxicity and ecotoxicity of active substances, relevant chemicals and/or other chemicals generated or used by BWMS using electrolytic methods, which is evaluated by the IMO GESAMP-Ballast Water Working Group as prescribed in the document IMO GESAMP, Methodology for the Evaluation of Ballast Water Management Systems using Active Substances[26]. This document does not address risks associated with the end of life disposition of the BWMS.
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This document gives the safety requirements and measures for numerically controlled (NC/CNC) boring machines, NC/CNC routing machines and NC/CNC boring and routing machines (as defined in 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4), capable of continuous production use, hereinafter referred to as "machines". This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines when they are operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have been taken into account. This document is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with: — additional working units for sawing, sanding, assembling or dowel inserting; — fixed or movable workpiece support; — mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic or vacuum workpiece clamping; — automatic tool change devices. It is also applicable to machines fitted with edge-banding equipment, even if the relevant specific hazards have not been dealt with. NOTE For the risk assessment needed for the edge-banding equipment, ISO 19085-17 can be useful. Machines covered in this document are designed for workpieces consisting of: — solid wood; — material with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2021, 3.2); — gypsum boards, gypsum bounded fibreboards, cardboard; — matrix engineered mineral boards, silicate boards; — composite materials with core consisting of polyurethane or mineral material laminated with light alloy; — polymer-matrix composite materials and reinforced thermoplastic/thermoset/elastomeric materials; — aluminium light alloy profiles; — aluminium light alloy plates with a maximum thickness of 10 mm; — composite boards made from the materials listed above. This document does not deal with specific hazards related to: — use of grinding wheels; — ejection through openings guarded by curtains on machines where the height of the opening in the enclosure above the workpiece support exceeds 700 mm; — ejection due to failure of milling tools with a cutting circle diameter equal to or greater than 16 mm and sawing tools not conforming to EN 847‑1:2017 and EN 847‑2:2017; — the combination of a single machine being used with other machines (as a part of a line); — integrated workpiece loading/unloading systems (e.g. robots). This document is not applicable to: — single spindle hand fed or integrated fed routing machines; — machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere; — machines manufactured prior to its publication.
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This document gives the safety requirements and measures for stationary, manually loaded and unloaded:
— single end tenoning machines with manual feed sliding table;
— single end tenoning machines with mechanical feed sliding table;
— single end tenoning and/or profiling machines with mechanical feed;
— double end tenoning and/or profiling machines with mechanical feed, also designed to be automatically loaded/unloaded;
— angular systems for tenoning and profiling with mechanical feed;
with maximum work-piece height capacity of 200 mm for single end machines and 500 mm for double end machines, hereinafter referred to as "machines".
It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Clause 4 relevant to machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases are taken into account.
NOTE For relevant but not significant hazards, e.g. sharp edges of the machine frame, see ISO 12100:2010.
The machines are designed to process in one pass one end or two sides, either opposite or perpendicular to each other, of work-pieces made of:
1) solid wood;
2) materials with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2017, 3.2);
3) fibre-cement, rock/glass wool, gypsum, plasterboard, only with machines with mechanical feed.
It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
— sanding units;
— fixed or movable work-piece support;
— automatic tool changing;
— automatic work-piece returner;
— glass bead saw unit;
— hinge recessing unit;
— post forming edge pre-cutting;
— boring unit;
— dynamic processing unit;
— sawing unit installed out of the integral enclosure, between machine halves in double end machines;
— foiling unit;
— coating unit;
— grooving unit with milling tool installed out of the integral enclosure, between machine halves;
— brushing unit;
— gluing unit;
— sealing unit;
— dowels inserting unit;
— tongues inserting unit;
— inkjet marking unit;
— laser marking unit;
— labelling unit;
— work-piece back-up device (anti-chipping / anti-splintering device);
— quick tool changing system.
This document does not deal with any hazards related to:
a) systems for automatic loading and unloading of the work-piece to a single machine other than automatic work-piece returner;
b) single machine being used in combination with any other machine (as part of a line);
c) use of tools, other than saw blades or milling tools for grooving, installed between machine halves and out of the integral enclosure in double end machines;
d) use of tools protruding out of the integral enclosure;
e) chemical characteristics of fibre-cement, rock/glass wool, gypsum, plasterboard and their dust.
It is not applicable to machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere nor to machines manufactured prior to its publication.
- Standard66 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft76 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document gives the safety requirements and measures to reduce risks arising during operation, adjustment, maintenance, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping, related to woodworking machines capable of continuous production use, hereinafter referred as "machines". These safety requirements and measures are those common to most of the machines, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer; reasonably foreseeable misuse has been considered too.
The machines are designed to process solid wood and material with similar physical characteristics to wood, with hand feed or integrated feed.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with the other parts of the ISO 19085 series, applicable to specific machine types. The extent to which all significant hazards of a specific machine type are covered is indicated in the specific part of the ISO 19085 series relevant to that machine type. The hazards covered, at least partly, by the requirements of this document, are listed in Annex A.
It is not applicable to machines intended for use in potential explosive atmospheres or to machines manufactured prior to the date of its publication.
- Standard60 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft55 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document gives the safety requirements and measures for four-sided moulding machines, capable of continuous production use, with a maximum working width of 350 mm and a maximum speed of the integrated workpiece feed of 200 m/min, hereinafter referred to as “machines”, designed to cut solid wood and materials with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2021, 3.2). It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer; reasonably foreseeable misuse has been considered too. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases are taken into account. It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices / additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with: — universal spindle; — glass bead saw unit; — fixed or movable workpiece support; — quick tool changing system; — laser marking unit; — automatic workpiece returner; — in-feed hopper; — loading magazine; — unloading table. This document does not deal with any hazards related to: a) in-feed devices other than in-feed hopper and loading magazine; NOTE 1 For mechanical in-feed devices which also prevent access to the in-feed opening, see 6.6.4. b) out-feed devices other than unloading table, except for hazards related to ejection from the machine due to climb cutting; c) out-feed of workpieces on machines with feed speed higher than 60 m/min; NOTE 2 Machines with feed speed higher than 60 m/min are usually combined with mechanical unloading and workpiece transfer systems. d) machines being used in combination with any other machine (as part of a line). It is not applicable to machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere and to machines manufactured prior to its publication.
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
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- Draft47 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
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- Draft47 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Draft47 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Draft47 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document gives the safety requirements and measures for stationary manually loaded and unloaded: — cold presses; — hot presses; — bending presses; — edge/face gluing presses; — membrane presses; — embossing presses; where the pressing force is applied by hydraulic actuators pushing two flat or shaped surfaces against each other, hereinafter referred to as "machines". It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Clause 4 relevant to machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases are taken into account. NOTE For relevant but not significant hazards, e.g. sharp edges of the machine frame, see ISO 12100:2010. It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with: a) device for hot gluing; b) device for high-frequency gluing; c) device for high-frequency shaping; d) automatic work-piece loading and unloading system; e) intermediate additional platens; f) work-piece extractor; g) work-piece clamping pressure beam; h) split moveable platens. The machines are designed to process work-pieces consisting of: 1) solid wood; 2) materials with similar characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085‑1:2017, 3.2); 3) honeycomb board. This document does not deal with any hazards related to: — specific devices that differ from the list above; — hot fluid heating systems internal to the machine other than electrical; — any hot fluid heating systems external to the machine; — operation of taking intermediate platens out and in again; — the combination of a single machine being used with any other machine (as part of a line). It is not applicable to: — frame presses; — membrane presses where the pressing force is applied by vacuum only; — presses for producing chipboard, fibreboard, OSB; — machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere; — machines manufactured before the date of its publication as an international standard.
- Standard42 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard47 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
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- Draft44 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
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- Draft47 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Draft47 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Draft47 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Draft47 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Draft47 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Draft47 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Draft47 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document gives the safety requirements and measures for horizontal beam panel circular sawing machines with the saw carriage of the front cutting line mounted below the workpiece support, which are manually and/or powered loaded and manually unloaded, capable of continuous production use, as defined in 3.1 and hereinafter referred to as “machines”. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have been taken into account. It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with: — side pressure device; — device for powered unloading; — unit for scoring; — unit for post-formed/soft-formed edge pre-cutting; — panel turning device; — front side turn table; — pushing out device; — pneumatic clamping of the saw blade; — powered panel loading device; — device for grooving by milling tool; — one or more additional cutting lines inside the machine for longitudinal and/or head cut (before the transversal cutting line); — workpiece vacuum clamping as part of a front side turn table or of a panel loading device; — panel pusher; — independent panel pushers; — additional panel pushers mounted on the panel pusher carriage; — additional panel pusher with integrated label printer device; — lifting platform; — device for automatic loading of thin panels; — device for base board unloading by gravity; — device for base board powered unloading; — device for panel unloading in limited space condition; — loading or pre-loading roller conveyors; — pressure beam with additional flaps to increase dust extraction efficiency; — saw blade cooling system by air or water-air or oil-air; — vibrating conveyor with/without trimming unit for offcuts management; — predisposition for top loading/unloading by an external system directly on the machine table and/or on the machine preloading roller conveyor and/or on the machine lifting table. NOTE base board is a support panel underlying the panel stack, to protect the panels from damages during transportation. The machines are designed for cutting panels consisting of: a) solid wood; b) material with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO19085‑1:2021, 2); c) gypsum boards, gypsum bounded fibreboards; d) composite materials, with core consisting of e.g. polyurethane or mineral material, laminated with light alloy; e) cardboard; f) foam board; g) matrix engineered mineral boards, silicate boards; h) polymer‐matrix composite materials and reinforced thermoplastic/thermoset/elastomeric materials; i) aluminium light alloy plates with a maximum thickness of 10 mm; j) composite boards made from the materials listed above. This document does not deal with hazards related to: — specific features different from those listed above; — the machining of panels with milling tools for grooving; — powered unloading of panels; — rear half of split pressure beam on the front cutting line; — the combination of a single machine being used with any other machine (as part of a line). It is not applicable to: — machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres; — machines manufactured prior to the date of its publication.
- Standard43 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
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This document applies to the identification and marking of terminals of electrical equipment
such as resistors, fuses, relays, contactors, transformers, rotating machines and, wherever
applicable, to combinations of such equipment (e.g. assemblies), and it also applies to the
identification of terminations of certain designated conductors. It also provides general rules for
the use of certain colours or alphanumeric notations to identify conductors with the aim of
avoiding ambiguity and ensuring safe operation. These conductor colours and alphanumeric
notations are intended to be applied on cores, busbars, and electrical equipment, and in cables
or installations.
This basic safety publication focusing on safety essential requirements is primarily intended for
use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles
laid down in IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51.
It is not intended for use by manufacturers or certification bodies. One of the responsibilities of
a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of basic safety publications in the
preparation of its publications. The requirements of this basic safety publication will not apply
unless specifically referred to or included in the relevant publications.
- Standard29 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
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