ISO 7240-5:2003

Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 5: Point-type heat detectors

ISO 7240-5:2003 specifies the requirements, test methods and performance criteria for point heat detectors for use in fire detection and fire alarm systems for buildings. For other types of heat detector, or for detectors intended for use in other environments, ISO 7240-5:2003 should be used only for guidance. Heat detectors with special characteristics and developed for specific risks are not covered by this document.

Systèmes de détection et d'alarme incendie — Partie 5: Détecteurs de chaleur ponctuels

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 10-Dec-2003
• Withdrawal Date: 10-Dec-2003
• ICS: 13.220.20 - Fire protection
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 21/SC 3 - Fire detection and alarm systems
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 21/SC 3 - Fire detection and alarm systems
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Completion Date: 13-Jun-2012

Relations

• Revised: ISO 7240-5:2012 - Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 5: Point-type heat detectors
• Effective Date: 03-Oct-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 7240-5
First edition
2003-12-15


Fire detection and alarm systems —
Part 5:
Point-type heat detectors
Systèmes de détection et d'alarme incendie —
Partie 5: Détecteurs de chaleur ponctuels




Reference number
ISO 7240-5:2003(E)
©
ISO 2003

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ISO 7240-5:2003(E)
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©  ISO 2003
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ISO 7240-5:2003(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references. 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 General requirements. 2
4.1 General. 2
4.2 Classification. 2
4.3 Position of heat-sensitive elements. 3
4.4 Individual alarm indication. 3
4.5 Connection for ancillary devices. 3
4.6 Monitoring of detachable detectors . 3
4.7 Manufacturer's adjustments. 3
4.8 On-site adjustment of response behaviour. 3
4.9 Marking. 4
4.10 Data. 4
4.11 Requirements for software-controlled detectors . 4
5 Tests. 6
5.1 General. 6
5.2 Directional dependence. 10
5.3 Static response temperature. 10
5.4 Response times from the typical application temperature. 10
5.5 Response times from 25 °°°°C . 11
5.6 Response times from high ambient temperature, dry heat (operational) . 11
5.7 Variation in supply parameters . 12
5.8 Reproducibility. 12
5.9 Cold (operational). 13
5.10 Dry heat (endurance) . 14
5.11 Damp heat, cyclic (operational). 15
5.12 Damp heat, steady state (endurance) . 16
5.13 Sulfur dioxide (SO ) corrosion (endurance) . 17
2
5.14 Shock (operational). 18
5.15 Impact (operational). 19
5.16 Vibration, sinusoidal (operational). 20
5.17 Vibration, sinusoidal (endurance). 21
5.18 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), immunity tests (operational). 22
6 Additional tests for detectors with class suffixes . 23
6.1 Plunge test for suffix-S detectors . 23
6.2 Test for suffix-R detectors . 24
7 Test report. 25
Annex A (normative) Heat tunnel for response time and response temperature measurements . 26
Annex B (informative) Construction of the heat tunnel. 27
Annex C (informative) Derivation of upper and lower limits of response times. 29
Annex D (informative) Apparatus for impact test. 32

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ISO 7240-5:2003(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 7240-5 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 21, Equipment for fire protection and fire fighting,
Subcommittee SC 3, Fire detection and alarm systems.
ISO 7240 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fire detection and alarm systems:
 Part 1: General and definitions
 Part 2: Control and indicating equipment
 Part 4: Power supply equipment
 Part 5: Point-type heat detectors
 Part 6: Carbon monoxide fire detectors
 Part 7: Point-type smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization
 Part 11: Manual call points
 Part 14: Guidelines for drafting codes of practice for design, installation and use of fire detection and fire
alarm systems in and around buildings [Technical Report]
 Part 15: Multisensor fire detectors
Compatibility assessment of system components will be the subject of the future Part 13.
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ISO 7240-5:2003(E)
Introduction
This part of ISO 7240 has been drawn up by the Sub-Committee ISO/TC 21/SC 3 and is based on a draft
prepared by European Standards Technical Committee CEN/TC 72 “Fire detection and fire alarm systems”.
A fire detection and alarm system is required to function satisfactorily not only in the event of a fire, but also
during and after exposure to conditions likely to be met in practice such as corrosion, vibration, direct impact,
indirect shock and electromagnetic interference. Some tests specified are intended to assess the performance
of the heat detectors under such conditions.
The performance of heat detectors is assessed from the results obtained in specific tests; ISO 7240-5 is not
intended to place any other restrictions on the design and construction of such detectors.


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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7240-5:2003(E)

Fire detection and alarm systems —
Part 5:
Point-type heat detectors
1 Scope
This part of ISO 7240 specifies the requirements, test methods and performance criteria for point heat
detectors for use in fire detection and fire alarm systems for buildings (see ISO 7240-1).
For other types of heat detector, or for detectors intended for use in other environments, this part of ISO 7240
can be used only for guidance. Heat detectors with special characteristics and developed for specific risks are
not covered by this part of ISO 7240.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 209-1, Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys — Chemical composition and forms of products —
Part 1: Chemical composition
ISO 7240-1, Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 1: General and definitions
IEC 60068-1, Environmental testing — Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 60068-2-1, Environmental testing — Part 2-1: Tests. Tests A: Cold
IEC 60068-2-2, Environmental testing — Part 2-2: Tests. Tests B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-6, Environmental testing — Part 2-6: Tests. Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-27, Environmental testing — Part 2-27: Tests. Test Ea and guidance: Shock
IEC 60068-2-42, Environmental testing — Part 2-42: Tests — Test Kc: Sulphur dioxide test for contacts and
connections
IEC 60068-2-78, Environmental testing — Part 2-78: Tests — Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state
EN 50130-4, Alarm systems — Part 4: Electromagnetic compatibility — Product family standard: Immunity
requirements for components of fire, intruder and social alarm systems
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions given in ISO 7240-1 and the following
apply.
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ISO 7240-5:2003(E)
3.1
typical application temperature
temperature that an installed detector can be expected to experience for long periods of time in the absence
of a fire condition
NOTE This temperature is deemed to be 29 °C below the minimum static response temperature corresponding to the
class marked on the detector, as specified in Table 1.
3.2
maximum application temperature
maximum temperature that an installed detector can be expected to experience, even for short periods of time,
in the absence of a fire condition
NOTE This temperature is deemed to be 4 °C below the minimum static response temperature corresponding to the
class marked on the detector, as specified in Table 1.
3.3
static response temperature
temperature at which the detector would produce an alarm signal if subjected to a vanishingly small rate of rise
of temperature
NOTE Rates of rise of temperature of approximately 0,2 K/min are normally found to be suitable for measuring this,
however lower rates can be required in some instances (see 5.3).
4 General requirements
4.1 General
In order to comply with this part of ISO 7240, the detector shall meet the requirements of this clause, which
shall be verified by visual inspection or engineering assessment, shall be tested as specified in Clause 5, and
if applicable Clause 6; and shall meet the requirements of the tests corresponding to its marked class(es).
4.2 Classification
4.2.1 General classes
Detectors shall conform to one or more of the following classes: A1, A2, B, C, D, E, F or G in accordance with
the requirements of the tests specified in Clause 5 (see Table 1).
Table 1 — Detector classification temperatures
Typical application Maximum application Minimum static response Maximum static response
Detector
temperature temperature temperature temperature
Class
°C °C °C °C
A1 25 50 54 65
A2 25 50 54 70
B 40 65 69 85
C 55 80 84 100
D 70 95 99 115
E 85 110 114 130
F 100 125 129 145
G 115 140 144 160

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ISO 7240-5:2003(E)
4.2.2 Suffix-R and suffix-S detectors
Manufacturers may optionally give additional information concerning the type of response exhibited by the
detector by adding the suffix “S” or “R” to the above classes. Detectors, which are marked with the letter “S” or
“R” as a suffix to the class marking, shall be tested in accordance with the applicable test, as specified in
Clause 6, and shall meet the requirements of that test, in addition to the tests of Clause 5.
 Detectors with a suffix “S” to their class do not respond below the minimum static response temperature
corresponding to their classification (see Table 1), even at high rates of rise of air temperature.
 Detectors with a suffix “R” to their class incorporate a rate-of-rise characteristic which meets the
response-time requirements (see 5.4.3) for high rates of rise of air temperature, even when starting at air
temperatures substantially below the typical application temperature.
4.3 Position of heat-sensitive elements
Each detector shall be constructed such that at least part of its heat-sensitive element(s), except elements
with auxiliary functions (e.g. characteristic correctors), shall be W 15 mm from the mounting surface of the
detector.
4.4 Individual alarm indication
Class A1, A2, B, C or D detectors shall be provided with an integral red visual indicator, by which the
individual detector which released an alarm may be identified until the alarm condition is reset. Where other
conditions of the detector may be visually indicated, they shall be clearly distinguishable from the alarm
indication, except when the detector is switched into a service mode. For detachable detectors, the indicator
may be integral with the base or the detector head. The visual indicator shall be visible from a distance of 6 m
at up to 5° from the axis of the detector in any direction, in an ambient light intensity up to 500 lx.
Class E, F or G detectors shall be provided with either an integral red indicator, or with another means for
locally indicating the alarm status of the detector.
4.5 Connection for ancillary devices
Where the detector provides for connections to ancillary devices (e.g. remote indicators, control relays), open-
or short-circuit failures of these connections shall not prevent the correct operation of the detector.
4.6 Monitoring of detachable detectors
For detachable detectors, a means shall be provided for a remote monitoring system (e.g. the control and
indicating equipment) to detect the removal of the head from the base, in order to give a fault signal.
4.7 Manufacturer's adjustments
It shall not be possible to change the manufacturer's settings except by special means (e.g. a special code or
tool, or by breaking or removing a seal).
4.8 On-site adjustment of response behaviour
If there is provision for on-site adjustment of the response behaviour of the detector, then the following apply.
a) A corresponding class shall be declared for each setting at which the manufacturer claims compliance
with this part of ISO 7240; and for each such setting, the detector shall comply with the requirements of
this part of ISO 7240 for the corresponding class. Access to the adjustment means shall be possible only
by the use of a code or special tool or by removing the detector from its base or mounting.
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ISO 7240-5:2003(E)
b) Any setting(s) for which the manufacturer does not claim compliance with this part of ISO 7240 shall be
accessible only by the use of a code or special tool; it shall be clearly marked on the detector or in the
associated data that if these setting(s) are used, the detector does not comply with this part of ISO 7240.
These adjustments may be carried out at the detector or at the control and indicating equipment.
4.9 Marking
Each detector shall be clearly marked with the following information:
a) a reference to this part of ISO 7240 (i.e. ISO 7240-5);
b) the class(es) of the detector (e.g. A1, A1R, A1S, A2, B, etc.). If the detector has provision for on-site
adjustment of the class (see 4.8), then the marking of the class may be replaced by the symbol “P”;
c) the name or trademark of the manufacturer or supplier;
d) the model designation (type or number);
e) the wiring-terminal designations;
f) some mark(s) or code(s) (e.g. serial number or batch code) by which the manufacturer can identify, at
least, the date or batch and place of manufacture, and the version number(s) of any software contained
within the detector.
For detachable detectors, the detector head shall be marked with a), b), c), d) and f), and the base shall be
marked with, at least d) and e).
Where any marking on the device uses symbols or abbreviations not in common use, then these should be
explained in the data supplied with the device.
The marking shall be visible during installation of the detector and shall be accessible during maintenance.
The markings shall not be placed on screws or other easily removable parts.
4.10 Data
Either the detectors shall be supplied with sufficient technical, installation and maintenance data to enable
their correct installation and operation or, if all of these data are not supplied with each detector, reference to
the appropriate data sheet(s) shall be given on, or with, each detector.
To enable correct operation of the detectors, these data should describe the requirements for the correct
processing of the signals from the detector. This may be in the form of a full technical specification of these
signals, a reference to the appropriate signalling protocol or a reference to suitable types of control and
indicating equipment, etc.
For detectors with provision for on-site adjustment of their class, these data shall identify the applicable
classes and shall describe the method of programming (e.g. by selecting a switch position on the detector or a
setting from a menu in the control and indicating equipment).
Additional information may be required by organizations certifying that detectors conform to the requirements
of this part of ISO 7240.
4.11 Requirements for software-controlled detectors
4.11.1 General
For detectors which rely on software control, the requirements of 4.11.2, 4.11.3 and 4.11.4 shall be met in
order to fulfil the requirements of this part of ISO 7240.
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ISO 7240-5:2003(E)
4.11.2 Software documentation
4.11.2.1 The manufacturer shall submit documentation which gives an overview of the software design.
This documentation shall be in sufficient detail for the design to be inspected for compliance with this part of
ISO 7240 and shall include at least the following:
a) a functional description of the main program flow (e.g. as a flow diagram or schema) including the
following:
1) a brief description of the modules and the functions that they perform,
2) the way in which the modules interact,
3) the overall hierarchy of the program,
4) the way in which the software interacts with the hardware of the detector,
5) the way in which the modules are called, including any interrupt processing;
b) a description of which areas of memory are used for the various purposes (e.g. the program, site-specific
data and running data);
c) a designation by which the software and its version can be uniquely identified.
4.11.2.2 The manufacturer shall have available detailed design documentation, which needs to be
provided only if required by the testing authority. It shall comprise at least the following:
a) an overview of the whole system configuration, including all software and hardware components;
b) a description of each module of the program, containing at least
1) the name of the module,
2) a description of the tasks performed,
3) a description of the interfaces, including the type of data transfer, the valid data range and the
checking for valid data;
c) full source code listings, as hard copy or in machine-readable form (e.g. ASCII-code), including global
and local variables, constants and labels used, and sufficient comment for the program flow to be
recognized;
d) details of any software tools used in the design and implementation phase (e.g. CASE-tools, compilers).
4.11.3 Software design
In order to ensure the reliability of the detector, the following requirements for software design shall apply:
a) the software shall have a modular structure;
b) the design of the interfaces for manually and automatically generated data shall not permit invalid data to
cause error in the program operation;
c) the software shall be designed to avoid the occurrence of deadlock of the program flow.
4.11.4 The storage of programs and data
The program necessary to comply with this part of ISO 7240 and any preset data, such as manufacturer's
settings shall be held in non-volatile memory. Writing to areas of memory containing this program and these
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ISO 7240-5:2003(E)
data shall be possible only by the use of some special tool or code and shall not be possible during normal
operation of the detector.
Site-specific data shall be held in memory which will retain data for at least two weeks without external power
to the detector, unless provision is made for the automatic renewal of such data, following loss of power,
within 1 h of power being restored.
5 Tests
5.1 General
5.1.1 Atmospheric conditions for tests
Unless otherwise stated in a test procedure, the testing shall be carried out after the test specimen has been
allowed to stabilize in the standard atmospheric conditions for testing as specified in IEC 60068-1 and as follows:
 temperature: (15 to 35) °C;
 relative humidity: (25 to 75) %;
 air pressure: (86 to 106) kPa.
If variations in these parameters have a significant effect on a measurement, then such variations should be
kept to a minimum during a series of measurements carried out as part of one test on one specimen.
5.1.2 Operating conditions for tests
If a test method requires a specimen to be operational, then the specimen shall be connected to suitable
supply and monitoring equipment, with characteristics as required by the manufacturer's data. Unless
otherwise specified in the test method, the supply parameters applied to the specimen shall be set within the
manufacturer's specified range(s) and shall remain substantially constant throughout the tests. The value
chosen for each parameter shall normally be the nominal value, or the mean of the specified range. If a test
procedure requires a specimen to be monitored to detect any alarm or fault signals, then connections shall be
made to any necessary ancillary devices (e.g. through wiring to an end-of-line device for conventional
detectors to allow a fault signal to be recognized).
The details of the supply and monitoring equipment and the alarm criteria used should be given in the test
report (Clause 7).
5.1.3 Mounting arrangements
The specimen shall be mounted by its normal means of attachment in accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions. If these instructions describe more than one method of mounting, then the method considered to
be most unfavourable shall be chosen for each test.
5.1.4 Tolerances
Unless otherwise stated, the tolerances for the environmental test parameters shall be as specified in the
basic reference standards for the test (e.g. the relevant part of IEC 60068).
If a specific tolerance or deviation limit is not specified in a requirement or test procedure, then a deviation
limit of ± 5 % shall be applied.
5.1.5 Measurement of response time
Mount the specimen for which the response time is to be measured in a heat tunnel (Annex A) as specified in
5.1.3. The specimen shall be connected to suitable supply and monitoring equipment in accordance with 5.1.2.
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ISO 7240-5:2003(E)
The orientation of the specimen, relative to the direction of air flow, shall be that which gave the maximum
response time in the directional dependence test 5.2, unless otherwise specified.
Before the measurement, stabilize the temperature of the air stream and the specimen at the temperature
specified in the applicable test procedure. The measurement is then made by increasing the air temperature in
the heat tunnel, linearly with respect to time at the rate of rise specified in the applicable test procedure, until
the supply and monitoring equipment indicates an alarm or until the upper limit of response time for the test is
reached. During the measurement, the air flow shall be maintained at a constant mass flow, equivalent to
(0,8 ± 0,1) m/s at 25 °C. The air temperature shall be controlled to within ± 2 K of the nominal temperature
required at any time during the test (see Annex A).
The response time is measured from the moment the temperature starts increasing to the indication of an
alarm from the supply and monitoring equipment. The effective start time of the temperature increase may be
established by a linear extrapolation of the stabilized and the increasing temperature lines against time.
Care should be taken not to subject detectors to a damaging thermal shock when transferring them to and
from a stabilization or alarm temperature.
NOTE Details and information concerning the design of the heat tunnel are given in Annexes A and B.
5.1.6 Provision for tests
The data specified in 4.10 plus the following numbers of detectors shall be provided for testing compliance
with this part of ISO 7240:
a) for resettable detectors:  15 detectors;
b) for non-resettable detectors:  62 detectors;
c) for non-resettable suffix-S detectors: 63 detectors;
d) for non-resettable suffix-R detectors: 68 detectors.
The specimens submitted shall be deemed representative of the manufacturer's normal production with
regard to their construction and cali
...