ISO 12576-1:2001
(Main)Thermal insulation — Insulating materials and products for buildings — Conformity control systems — Part 1: Factory-made products
Thermal insulation — Insulating materials and products for buildings — Conformity control systems — Part 1: Factory-made products
This part of ISO 12576 establishes five systems for the conformity control of thermal insulating materials and products for buildings that are factory made. Its purpose is to provide uniform methods that are used to determine whether a production or a consignment of a thermal insulating material should be accepted as conforming to the relevant specification requirements. This part of ISO 12576 provides minimum requirements for each of the systems. Other systems may be additionally applied when agreed upon between the supplier and purchaser.
Isolation thermique — Matériaux et produits d'isolation pour le bâtiment — Systèmes de contrôle de la conformité — Partie 1: Produits fabriqués en usine
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12576-1
First edition
2001-09-15
Thermal insulation — Insulating materials
and products for buildings — Conformity
control systems
Part 1:
Factory-made products
Isolation thermique — Matériaux et produits d'isolation pour le bâtiment —
Systèmes de contrôle de la conformité
Partie 1: Produits fabriqués en usine
Reference number
ISO 12576-1:2001(E)
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ISO 12576-1:2001(E)
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ISO 12576-1:2001(E)
Contents Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Conformity systems, their elements and recommended application of the systems . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 System 1 — Manufacturer's declaration of conformity without any participation of a third party . 5
4.3 System 2 — Manufacturer's declaration of conformity, where the manufacturer's production control is certified
by a third party . 5
4.4 System 3 — Manufacturer's declaration of conformity, where the manufacturer's production control is certified
by a third party and initial type testing is done by a third party . 5
4.5 System 4 — Product certification by an independent approved certification body . 5
4.6 System 5 — Lot testing of the consignment by the customer or his representative . 6
5 Factory production control . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Quality manual . 6
5.3 Nature, extent and frequency of inspections and tests . 7
5.4 Testing . 8
5.5 Indirect testing . 8
5.6 Manufacturer's log . 9
5.7 Persons responsible for factory production control . 9
5.8 Measures in the event of non-compliance with the requirements . 9
6 Certification of factory production control and of products . 10
6.1 General . 10
6.2 Surveillance and assessment of factory production control . 10
6.3 Product certification . 11
6.4 Measures in the case of non-compliance with the specification or other omissions . 12
7 Sampling . 12
8 Sample size and acceptance criteria for lot testing (System 5) . 13
8.1 Sampling and sample size . 13
8.2 Acceptance criteria . 14
Bibliography. 16
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ISO 12576-1:2001(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 12576 may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard ISO 12576-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 163, Thermal insulation,
Subcommittee SC 3, Insulation products for building applications.
ISO 12576 consists of the following parts, under the general title Thermal insulation — Insulating materials and
products for buildings — Conformity control systems
— Part 1: Factory-made products
Part 2 (Site-made products) is in course of preparation.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12576-1:2001(E)
Thermal insulation — Insulating materials and products for
buildings — Conformity control systems
Part 1:
Factory-made products
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12576 establishes five systems for the conformity control of thermal insulating materials and
products for buildings that are factory made.
Its purpose is to provide uniform methods that are used to determine whether a production or a consignment of a
thermal insulating material should be accepted as conforming to the relevant specification requirements.
This part of ISO 12576 provides minimum requirements for each of the systems.
Other systems may be additionally applied when agreed upon between the supplier and purchaser.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this part of ISO 12576. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications
do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 12576 are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references,
the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of
currently valid International Standards.
ISO 2859-1:1999, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by
acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection.
ISO 9001:2000, Quality management systems — Requirements.
ISO 9229:1991, Thermal insulation — Materials, products and systems — Vocabulary.
ISO 14001:1996, Environmental management systems — Specification with guidance for use.
ISO 14004:1996, Environmental management systems — General guidelines on principles, systems and supporting
techniques.
ISO/IEC Guide 40:1983, General requirements for the acceptance of certification bodies.
ISO/IEC 17025:1999, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this part of ISO 12576, the terms and definitions given in ISO 9229 and the following apply.
3.1
acceptance testing
tests to be carried out to prove whether a product may be accepted as conforming to specified requirements
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3.2
Acceptance Quality Limit
AQL
designated value of percent nonconforming (or nonconformities per 100 units) that will be accepted most of the time
by thesampling schemetobe used
NOTE See ISO 2859-1:1999.
3.3
assessment of factory production control
action by an approved body demonstrating that the factory production control is in conformity with the requirements,
based on initial inspection of the factory and the factory production control and continuous surveillance of it
3.4
audit test
one or more tests usually performed by, or on behalf of a certification body, to confirm that a product continues to
conform to the requirements of a specification and to provide information to assess the effectiveness of the factory
production control
3.5
certification body
body that conducts certification
NOTE A certification body may operate its own testing and inspection activities or oversee these activities carried out on its
behalf by other bodies.
[ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996, definition 15.2]
3.6
certification of conformity
action by an approved certification body demonstrating that adequate confidence is provided that a product is in
conformity with the relevant product specification
3.7
conformity control
performance of control methods to prove whether a product may be accepted as conforming to specified
requirements
3.8
consignment
quantity of packages or boards of the same category delivered at one time
NOTE The consignment may consist of one or more inspection lots or parts of an inspection lot.
3.9
factory production control
permanent internal control of production exercised by the manufacturer or his agent
NOTE Factory production control comprises operational techniques and all measures necessary to maintain and to regulate the
quality of the product up to delivery. It consists of inspections and tests and the utilization of their results with regard to equipment,
basic materials and constituents, manufacturing processes and the products themselves, and of taking into account the
corresponding requirements given by the product specification.
3.10
initial type test
one or more tests performed on a product prior to commencing normal production to prove that the product is
capable of conforming to the relevant requirements of a specification
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3.11
inspection lot
definite quantity of packages (product items) manufactured under conditions which are presumed uniform, and that
are submitted for inspection and accepted or rejected as a whole, depending on the quality found by inspection of the
representative samples drawn from the lot
3.12
item
defined quantity of material, on which a set of observations may be made
EXAMPLE A full-size product, board, roll or package.
3.13
lot testing
system under which a lot, represented by a specified number of items of the product, is tested and the result used to
judge the measure of conformity with the specification
NOTE The judgement is on the lot and not on the ongoing production as a whole.
3.14
manufacturer's declaration of conformity
action by which a manufacturer declares under his own responsibility that the product is in conformity with the
specification, without being under procedures of a third-party certification system
3.15
manufacturer's routine test
test performed by the manufacturer, at specified intervals, to confirm that the product conforms to the relevant
requirements of the specification
3.16
production batch
definite quantity of some commodity manufactured or produced under conditions which are presumed uniform
3.17
production line
production unit
set of equipment which produces a product
3.18
sample
one or more items taken from a production batch and intended to provide information on the production batch and
possibly to serve as a basis for a decision on the production batch or the process which produced it
3.19
sample size
number of items in the sample
[ISO 2859-1:1999]
3.20
sampling unit
for the purpose of sampling, an item taken from the production batch
3.21
sampling plan
plan, according to which the sample size, frequency of testing, etc. are defined, in order to obtain information and
possibly to reach a decision for conformity control purposes
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3.22
specification
document defining requirements for performance of the product
3.23
test specimen
single item or part of an item used for a test
3.24
thermal insulation product
thermal insulation material in its finished form including any facing or coatings
3.25
third party
person or body that is recognized as being independent of the parties involved, as concerns the issue in question
[ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996, definition 12.9]
3.26
third-party certification
certification provided by a person or body that is recognized as being independent of the parties involved as
concerns the certification
3.27
type test
one or more tests performed to prove that a product is capable of conforming to all relevant requirements of a
specification
3.28
verification
validation by a third party, independent of the manufacturer, of the manufacturer's declaration of conformity
4 Conformity systems, their elements and recommended application of the systems
4.1 General
In this part of ISO 12576, the following five systems for attestation of conformity are described.
System 1: Manufacturer's declaration of conformity, based on the manufacturer's factory production control, based
on ISO 9001:2000, without any participation of a third party.
System 2: Manufacturer's declaration of conformity, based on the manufacturer's factory production control, and
based on ISO 9001:2000, where the manufacturer's factory production control is certified by a third party.
System 3: Manufacturer's declaration of conformity, based on the manufacturer's factory production control, and
based on ISO 9001:2000, where the manufacturer's factory production control is certified by a third party and initial
type testing of the product by a third party.
System 4: Product certification by an independent approved certification body, based on the manufacturer's factory
production control, and based on ISO 9001:2000, with surveillance of this and initial and audit testing by the
certification body.
System 5: Lot testing by the customer or his representative, if possible based on a production which is under the
manufacturer's factory production control, and based on ISO 9001:2000.
NOTE Systems 1 to 4 have a progressive increase in third-party involvement in the conformity control system. System 5 is only
applicable for lot inspections.
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4.2 System 1 — Manufacturer's declaration of conformity without any participation of a third party
This system is based on the following elements:
a) factory production control;
b) regular testing of factory samples by the manufacturer.
By the manufacturer's declaration of conformity, he verifies that his production is under factory production control
(see clause 5) and that the results of the production control show that the delivered products are in conformity with
the specifications.
4.3 System 2 — Manufacturer's declaration of conformity, where the manufacturer's production
control is certified by a third party
This system is based on the following elements:
a) factory production control;
b) regular testing of factory samples by the manufacturer;
c) initial inspection of the plant and of the factory production by a certification body;
d) surveillance, assessment and approval of the ongoing factory production control by the certification body (routine
inspections).
By the manufacturer's declaration of conformity, he verifies that his production is under factory production control
(see clause 5), that this is certified and under ongoing surveillance of a certification body, and that the results of the
production control show that the delivered products are in conformity with the specification. Certification bodies shall
fulfil the criteria of ISO/IEC Guide 40 and be accredited according to national rules, ISO 14001, ISO 14004 and
ISO/IEC 17025.
4.4 System 3 — Manufacturer's declaration of conformity, where the manufacturer's production
control is certified by a third party and initial type testing is done by a third party
This system is based on the following elements:
a) factory production control;
b) regular testing of factory samples by the manufacturer;
c) initial inspection of the plant and of the factory production by a certification body;
d) surveillance, assessment and approval of the ongoing factory production control by the certification body (routine
inspections);
e) initial type testing of the product by a third party.
By the manufacturer's declaration of conformity, he verifies that his production is under factory production control
(see clause 5), that this is certified and under ongoing surveillance of a certification body, and that the results of the
production control show that the delivered products are in conformity with the specification. The manufacturer also
declares that the product has been certified by a third party as having successfully completed initial type testing.
Certification bodies shall fulfil the criteria of ISO/IEC Guide 40 and shall be accredited according to national rules,
ISO 14001, ISO 14004 and ISO/IEC 17025.
4.5 System 4 — Product certification by an independent approved certification body
This system is based on the following elements:
a) factory production control;
b) regular testing of factory samples by the manufacturer;
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c) initial inspection of the plant and of factory production control by the certification body;
d) initial type testing of the product by the certification body;
e) audit testing of samples taken by the certification body;
f) surveillance, assessment and approval of factory production by the certification body (routine inspections).
Certification bodies shall fulfil the criteria of ISO/IEC Guide 40 and be accredited according to national rules,
ISO 14001, ISO 14004 and ISO/IEC 17025.
4.6 System 5 — Lot testing of the consignment by the customer or his representative
This system should be used
a) when consignments from unknown sources are delivered,
b) if the consignment is not accompanied by a manufacturer's declaration of conformity, or
c) if there are reasonable doubts in the specified properties of the consignment.
5 Factory production control
5.1 General
The purpose of the control is to ensure the products produced conform to the specification. Factory production
control, as defined in this clause, is the most important element of Systems 1 to 4 for the attestation of conformity. If
possible, it should also be the basis for System 5.
Factory production control comprises operational techniques and all measures necessary to maintain and regulate
the quality of the product. It consists of continuous process monitoring, inspections and tests, and the utilization of
their results with regard to equipment, raw materials and constituents, manufacturing processes and the product
itself, and by taking account of the corresponding requirements given by the specification.
All necessary facilities, equipment and personnel shall be available to carry out the necessary inspections and tests
indicated above. This requirement may also be fulfilled if, by means of a contract, the manufacturer or his agent
involves a subcontractor having the necessary facilities, equipment and personnel.
5.2 Quality manual
For each manufacturing unit, the manufacturer shall provide a documented quality system (quality manual), which
shall deal with the following elements of the manufacturer's quality system:
a) staffing and specifically the duties, responsibility and authority of the manufacturer's inspection personnel;
b) inspection methods and procedures in general, including complaints procedures and their documentation;
c) testing equipment and its calibration;
d) quality control of raw materials and constituents, batch identification and control;
e) nature, extent and frequency of tests on the product;
f) product marking and production code;
g) handling of rejected lots;
h) procedures for product corrections;
i) internal documentation, including test records, production records, material certificates, etc.
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5.3 Nature, extent and frequency of inspections and tests
The nature, extent and frequency of inspections and tests, direct or indirect, depend on the kind of products, the
basic materials, the specific conditions of the plant and the production line.
The minimum frequency of inspections and tests to be performed by the manufacturer who produces thermal
insulating products are stated in the following three tables.
Table 1 shows the main components to be controlled and the minimum frequency of checking.
Table 2 gives the minimum frequency of calibrations, or checks for control of test equipment under normal conditions.
The calibrations or checks shall be repeated if any repair or modification occurs.
Table 3 indicates the minimum frequency of tests for control of the finished thermal insulating product for each
production line/unit, unless this is specified in the product specification. Table 3 states the purpose of conducting
such controls for each type of product according to their intended application.
Table 3 also contains indirect tests, which for certain properties are not tested directly (see 5.4).
All controls on raw constituent materials and processes shall be agreed between the producer and the certification
body according to the main principles given below. It shall be considered as basic information about the condition of
the production.
Table 1 — Control of raw and constituent materials
Main component to be controlled Minimum frequency
Raw material by the material producer each batch
Raw materials delivered under a certification scheme not required
Composition of the raw material supplied random
Table 2 — Control of test equipment
Equipment for determination of the
Frequency/Additional test required Calibration or checked by
following characteristics
Mass once per month calibrated weights
Thermal resistance or thermal conductivity once per week internal reference sample
once per year independent body
(see)
Mechanical properties, dimensional changes,
once per year independent body
temperature measurements
Burning characteristics according to national regulations
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Table 3 — Control of finished product for each production line
Measured property where
required by product Purpose Minimum frequency Additional testing for every change of
specification
Mass per unit area, block or assist in predicting the density once per hour nominal mass or change of product
board and mechanical properties
Thickness check compliance with require- once per hour product or thickness
ments
Dimensions: length and check compliance with require- once per hour product or dimensions
width ments
Squareness check compliance with require- once per every 2h dimensions
ments
Density predict thermal conductivity and once per hour density
mechanical properties
Compressive strength predict deformation resistance once per every 4h product
to check compliance with re-
quirements
Thermal resistance/thermal check compliance with require- once per week process (e.g. raw material, start-up
conductivity, ment and to verify the validity of conditions)
any indirect testing
Burning characteristics check compliance with require- as required by product or significant composition
ments national regulations changes
Dimensional change check compliance with product once per week product or significant composition
requirements changes
Water vapour permeability check compliance with product once per month product or significant composition
requirements changes
Water vapour sorption check compliance with product once per month product or significant composition
requirements changes
Water absorption check compliance with product once per month product or significant composition
requirements changes
5.4 Testing
Testing, particularly of thermal performance shall be performed by a laboratory that conforms to the requirements of
ISO/IEC 17025. Qualification testing shall be performed according to the test methods given in the relevant
specification. For certain properties indirect test methods may also be used for audit testing only, if a correlation can
be established between the specified property X (which is the property to be tested) and another property Y. In the
indirect test, the property Y is measured instead of the property X (e.g. air permeability or density instead of thermal
conductivity).
In this case, the sampling plan and the compliance criteria for the indirect property Y shall be specified after taking
into account the correlation between properties X and Y. If property X is to be correlated with more than one other
property, the correlation shall be established in a similar fashion.
The correctness of the regression relationship between the specified property and the indirect test value shall be
examined at fixed intervals. The examination shall also take place each time the production conditions change (e.g.
when a new manufacturing procedure is introduced). The examination of correctness of the relationship shall be
carried out separately for each place of production which operates under the same conditions.
5.5 Indirect testing
Indirect testing is a means by which a given property may be assessed through the testing of one or more other
properties, with which a correlation has been established. Indirect testing may also be used to reduce the testing
frequency of direct testing.
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The correlation shall be established by regression analysis on the basis of adequate preliminary tests for each
production unit. It shall be re-examined at prescribed intervals and after changes or modifications if these are likely
to affect the correlation.
For each indirect testing procedure applied at the place of production, the sampling plan and the compliance criteria
for the indirect property shall be specified, taking into account the relevant correlation between the corresponding
properties.
The use of indirect testing shall result in the same confidence level on the property concerned as when using direct
testing.
In case of dispute, the test method specified for the relevant property in the product standard shall be used.
5.6 Manufacturer's log
The results of factory production control are to b
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