ISO 10409:1993

Petroleum and natural gas industries — Application of cement lining to steel tubular goods, handling, installation and joining

Lays down the minimum requirements. Requirements are specified in the second edition of API Recommended Practice 10E (RP 10E), July 1987, which is adopted as ISO 10409. For the purposes of international standardization, modifications have been made that are outlined.

Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Mise en place des cheminages de ciment dans le cas de produits tubulaires en acier, manutention, installation et emboîture

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 22-Dec-1993
• Withdrawal Date: 22-Dec-1993
• ICS: 75.180.10 - Exploratory, drilling and extraction equipment
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 67/SC 3 - Drilling and completion fluids, well cements and treatment fluids
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 67/SC 3/WG 2 - Cementing
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Completion Date: 08-Jan-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

IS0 10409:1993(E)
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be re-
presented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(I EC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard IS0 10409 was prepared by the American Petro-
leum Institute (API) (as RP lOE, 2nd edition) and was adopted, under a
special “fast-track procedure”, by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Mate-
rials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas in-
dustries, in parallel with its approval by the IS0 member bodies.
43 IS0 1993
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-1211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
II

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0 IS0
IS0 10409:1993(E)
Introduction
International Standard IS0 10409:1993 reproduces the content of
API RP lOE, 2nd edition, 1987. ISO, in endorsing this API document, re-
cognizes that in certain respects the latter does not comply with all current
IS0 rules on the presentation and content of an International Standard.
Therefore, the relevant technical body, within ISO/TC 67, will review
IS0 10409:1993 and reissue it, when practicable, in a form complying with
these rules.
This standard is not intended to obviate the need for sound engineering
judgement as to when and where this standard should be utilized and
users of this standard should be aware that additional or differing require-
ments may be needed to meet the needs for the particular service in-
tended.
Standards referenced herein may be replaced by other international or
national standards that can be shown to meet or exceed the requirements
of the referenced standards.
Appendices A and C form an integral part of the requirements of this
standard.

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IS0 10409:1993(E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 0 IS0
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Application
of cement lining to steel tubular goods, handling,
installation and joining
1 Scope
This International Standard lays down the minimum requirements for cement lining of steel pipe and tubing used
for shielding the steel from chemical corrosive attack encountered in the handling of oil field brines.
2 Requirements
Requirements are specified in:
“API Recommended Practice IOE (RP IOE), Second Edition, July 1, 1987 - Recommended Practice for Ap-
plica tion of Cement Lining To Steel Tubular Goods, Handling, Installation and Joining”,
which is adopted as IS0 10409.
For the purposes of international standardization, however, modifications shall apply to specific clauses and para-
graphs of publication API RP IOE. These modifications are outlined below.
Page 7
Information given in the POLICY STATEMENT is relevant to the API publication only.
Page 8
Foreword, paragraph C.
The referenced standards indicated hereafter are available under the following IS0 references:
API Std 5B as IS0 10422
API Spec 5L as IS0 3183-1
API Spec 10 as IS0 10426.
1

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IS0 10409:1993(E)
(Blank page)

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
IS0 10409:1993(E)
Recommended Practice for
nt Lining
Application of Ce
To Steel Tubular ods, Handling,
Installation and Joining
API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE IOE (RP 1OE)
SECOND EDITION, JULY 1, 1987
American Petroleum Institute
1220 L Street, Northwest
Washington, DC 20005

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IS0 10409:1993(E)
4

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
IS0 10409:1993(E)
Issued by
AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE
Production Department
FOR INFORMATION CONCERNING TECHNICAL CONTENTS OF
THIS PUBLICATION CONTACT THE API PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT,
211 N. ERVAY, SUITE 1700, DALLAS, TX 75201 - [phone].
SEE BACK SIDE FOR INFORMATION CONCERNING HOW TO OBTAIN
ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THIS PUBLICATION.
Users of this publication should become completely familiar with its
scope and content. This document is intended to supplement rather
than replace individual engineering judgment.
Copyright @ 1987 American Petroleum Institute

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IS0 10409:1993(E)
American Petroleum Institute
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Policy.~ .3
.
.........................................................
Foreword.
Section 1: Scope .6
.................................................
Section 2: Material . 6
Section 3: Method of Lining Pipe and Tubing
with Cement Lining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Section 4: Inspection and Rejection of Cement-Lined Pipe. . . *. . . . . 10
Section 5: Transportation, Handling and Installation
of Cement-Lined Tubular Goods. . . . . . - . . . . . . . I e O. . . . 11
Section 6: Physical Properties, Certification and Tests
of Cement for Lining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Section 7: Typical Problems Experienced with Cement-Lined
Tubular Goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Section 8: Joining Cement-Lined Steel Tubular Goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Section 9: Repair Procedure Guidelines for a Welded
Steel Cement-Lined Pipe Leak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Appendix A:
Analysis of Sand in Cement Linings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Appendix B: Quality Control Test - Determination of Cement,
Sand and Pozzolan Ratios in Cement Lining . . . . . . *. 22
Appendix C: Evaluation of Internal Tubular Cement Lining
by Salt Water Flow Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *. . . . 23
Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or
NOTE: This is the second edition of this recom-
any part of the material published herein should be
mended practice. It was authorized for publication as a
addressed to the Director, Production Department,
tentative recommended practice at the 1977 Standardi-
American Petroleum Institute, 211 N. Ervay, Suite 1700,
zation Conference, and contains changes approved at
Dallas .TX 75201.
the 1985 and 1986 Standardization Conferences by
letter ballot of the Committee on Standardization of
Well Cements.

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IS0 10409:1993(E)
RP 10E: Cement Lining of Steel Tubular Goods 3
POLICY STATEMENT
1. API publications necessarily address problems of a
patent. Neither should anything contained in the
general nature. With respect to particular circum-
publication be construed as insuring anyone against
stances, local, state and federal laws and regulations
liability for infringement of letters patent.
should be reviewed.
4. Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised,
reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years.
2. API is not undertaking to meet duties of employers,
Sometimes a one-time extension of up to two years
manufacturers or suppliers to warn and properly
will be added to this review cycle. This publication
train and equip their employees, and others exposed,
will no longer be in effect five years after its publi-
concerning health and safety risks and precautions,
cation date as an operative API standard or, where
nor undertaking their obligations under local, state,
an extension has been granted, upon republication.
or federal laws.
Status of the publication can be ascertained from
3. Nothing contained in any API publication is to be the API Authoring Department (Tel. [phone]).
construed as granting any right, by implication or A catalog of API publications and materials is
otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any published annually and updated quarterly by API,
method, apparatus, or product covered by letters 1220 L St., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.
IMPORTANT PNFORM~4TION CONCERNING USE OF ASBESTOS OR ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS
Asbestos is specified or referenced for certain compo- 61.140 through 61.156; and the proposed rule by the
nents of the equipment described in some API stand- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), propos-
ards. It has been of great usefulness in minimizing fire ing labeling requirements and phased banning of
hazards associated with petroleum processing. It has asbestos products, published at 51 Federal Register
also been a universal sealing material, compatible with 3738-3759 (January 29,1986).
most petroleum fluid services.
There are currently in use and under development a
Certain serious adverse health effects are associated
number of substitute materials to replace asbestos in
with asbestos, among them the serious and often fatal
certain applications. Manufacturers and users are en-
diseases of lung cancer, asbestosis, and mesothelioma (a
couraged to develop and use effective substitute mate-
cancer of the chest and abdominal linings). The degree
rials which can meet the specifications for, and operat-
of exposure to asbestos varies with the product and the
ing requirements of, the equipment to which they
work practices involved.
would apply.
Consult the most recent edition of the U.S. Depart-
ment of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Admin-
SAFETY AND HEALTH INFORMATION WITH
istration (OSHA) Health Standard for Asbestos, 29
RESPECT TO PARTICULAR PRODUCTS OR
Code of Federal Regulations Section 191O:lOOl; the U.S.
MATERIALS CAN BE OBTAINED FROM THE
Environmental Protection Agency’s National Emission
EMPLOYER, THE MANUFACTURER OR SUP-
Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants concerning
PLIER OF THAT PRODUCT OR MATERIAL, OR
Asbestos, 40 Code of Federal Regulations Sections
THE MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET.
Attention Users: Portions of this publication have been
changed from the previous edition. The location of
changes have been marked with a bar in the margin, as
shown to the left of this paragraph. In some cases the
changes are significant, while in other cases the changes
reflect minor editorial adjustments. The bar notations
in the margins are provided as an aid to users as to
those parts of this publication that have been changed
from the previous edition, but API makes no warranty
as to the accuracy of such bar notations.

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IS0 10409:1993(E)
American Petroleum Institute
4
API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE
FOR APPLICATION OF CEMENT LINING TO STEEL TUBUL~4R GOODS,
HANDLING, INSTALLATION AND JOINING
Foreword e. ASTM standards* referenced in this recommended
practice are available from American Society for Testing
a. This recommended practice is under the jurisdic-
Materials (ASTM), 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia,
tion of the API Committee on Standardization of Well
Pennsylvania 19103.
Cements. It was developed through the joint effort of
members of National Association of Corrosion Engi-
ASTM CX3: S/)c'c.ificntio,rsf~)r- Co~roto A neers (NACE) T-lG-8 Task Group on Cement Lining of
14*,
Tubular Goods, and API Task Group on Cement Lining
ASTM A53 Spvcifica t iom for Welded a nd Svcl mlcss
of Steel Pipe. It was also submitted to NACE Unit
Stwl Pipr, (Pa 1-t I*)
Committee T-1G for review and comments.
ASTM CXi: Specificatiws for Reinforced Concrete
(f’~~hl)?, k!torm Drcr in, (1 nd Scrwr Pip(j (I’rx rt l?*)
b. The purpose of this recommended practice is to
ASTM C109: Test for Co~21~?ocssi1,e Strmgth of Hy-
provide standard procedures for the plant application of
dra 141 ic Cww2 t Morta rs (Using 2-iji. or GO-q2n C&e
cement lining to oilfield tubular goods and recom-
Spw i bi w s) (RI rt I .I *)
mended methods of joining cement-lined pipe.
ASTM C150: Spc,cifiratiou.s for Portland Cement (Pw.t
Id*)
c. Related publications under the jurisdiction of API
ASTM C618: Specificcr tion for Fly Ash and Ra K or
Committees on Standardization of Oil Field Equipment
Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use as a Mineral
and Materials are:
Admi.rtwo in Portland Cement Concrvtc (Part 14 *)
Spec 5A: Spwifimtio~~ for Cmi~g, Tubing and Drill
f. The following Steel Structures Painting Council
(SSPC) Standards and. NACE Standards for metal
surface preparation are referenced in this recom-
Spec SAC: Spwifimtiou for Rwfn?tcd Yidd St rcugfh
mended practice:
~'c~si~~g cd Tuhiny.
SSPC-SP-1: Sol iqe)l t Clva uing.
Spec 5AX: Spwificcrtiou for High-Strength Casing,
.
Ttr h&y, and Drill Pipe.
SSPC-SP-4: Flame Cleaning.
Std 5B: SpecifictrtiotI for Threading, Ga{ging, rend
SSPC-SP-6: Commercial Blast Cleaning (NACE No. 3).
Thretrd Inspection of Casing, Tuhi)l.g and Line Pip
SSPC-SP-10: Near- White Blast Cleaning (NACE No. 2).
Th ~.OO t/s.
Spec 5L: Spc’cificatio~r for Line Pipe.
g. Beyond the scope of this Recommended Practice,
certain standards covering other applications and uses
RP 5L2: Recommended Practice for Intern.al Coating of
of cement linings may be useful and are listed as
Line Pipe For Gas Transmission Sewice.
follows:
Spec 10: Specification for Materials and Testing for American Water Works Association (AWWA)
Well Cements.
AWWA Standard C-602 (latest revision): Ceweilt-
Mortflr Lilt iy of Water Pipe1 ines in Place.
.
Bul 1OC: Bulletin on Well Cewmit Nomenclature.
AWWA Standard C-205 (latest revision): Cemwt-
Morta 1’ Protect ire Lii7 inq a ,zd Coat inq for Steel
d. Earlier work investigating the application and use
Water Pipe - 4 Itichds a,Id Large;* - Shop
of cement linings in tubular goods was conducted by
Applied.
NACE Technical Unit Committee T-1G (Protective
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
Coatings and Non-Metallic Materials for Oil Field Use).
The following report contains committee findings which
ANSI Standard A21.4 (latest revision): Cew e)t t-
have been widely used as the basis for cement lining
Mortar Litli,q for Cast Iro?z a& Ductile Iron
specifications:
Pipe crnd Fittings for Water.
NACE Technical Committee Report lG163 - Recow
nwtdd Prcrct ices A pplica hle to Placing CerzwM LitI kg
irl Oil Field Steel Ttcbula r Goods. *Current Edition, Book of ASTM Standards.

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IS0 10409:1993(E)
RP 10E: Cement Lining of Steel Tubular Goods 5
h. Bibliography. The following publications contain Walker, R. G.: 7’1w Or*iqh . trrd Sic/u ij&*rt wo of tlw
. .
information on this subject. htcwrtrl .Stltlir,rt,rrt(r,8t~ Stwdrrr*w of’ ‘I’dditc3,
PROCI+XDINGS YOKKSHIRC (3-10. SOC. (.June
Beach, H. J., Frawley, F. E., Jr. EnDean, H. lJ.,
1965) 35, Pt. 1, No. 1.
and Yates, Dick: (21 /~sos (1 Ml I~t’f’I’f’tI t iotr of
Runyon, I3. E.: A 11 fshpkw*d Appwrrr~~ to
.
I+ ihrrw i,r Cowwt Pip0 IAc hy.s, Societjr of
( ‘(lt,/(~,/t-I,it/c)il ‘I’rrlh~, Society of I’etroleum
I-ktroleum Engineers of AIME, Paper No. SPE
Xngincers of AIME, Paper No. SI’E 995, 19~i4.
2478, 1969.
United States Department of the Interior, Bureau
Ijogue, R. H.: THE CHEMISTRY OF I’ORT-
of Reclamation: I*‘Ig Ash I~ww.s~~.s Iibistcl wv oj’
I,AND CEMENT, Reinhold Publishing Co., N.Y.,
( ‘otrcwt~~ to Strlfdo Atttrck, Report No. C-1223,
1947.
*Jan. 1967.
Lea, F. M.: THE CHEMISTRY OF CEMENT
Elliott, R. W. and Ladley. R.S.: l444tlotl Co~~~o&
AND CONCRETE, London, Edward Arnold, 3rd
/,irrd Pipe fi)j* Chwsiw b’lwJ~s. API DRILLING
Ed. 1970.
AND PRODUCTION PRACTICE:, 71 (Ml).
Company Report: M KD 453-16-R. Halliburton Oil
Well Cementing Co. March 25 1958.
Sytb psi t( 11 0t1 USCJ of Pozzoltr 11 ic Ml twiti Is i,t
#/l~r*tcl~~ trrltl Co)l~rsufo, First Pac. Ar. Nat. Runvon, E. E.: How C’twrwt I,;), i,cc/ Cwr Protect
c
Meeting, ASTM, Philadelphia, Pa., 1949. hrf t- I5j.w. Oil (YL Gas Journal, July 22, 1963.
9

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IS0 10409:1993(E)
6 American Petroleum Institute
SECTION 1
SCOPE
1.1 These recommendations apply to cement lining of to apply in all cases relating to the subject. Environment
steel pipe and tubing used for shielding the steel from may negate the usefulness of cement linings in specific
chemical corrosive attack encountered in the handling of
instances.
oil field brines. This recommended practice suggests
minimum requirementsand should in no way be interpret-
1.2 Cottrwt Lh irty and Ct~t~t Limd as used in this
ed as a restriction on the use of other procedures or recommended practice refer to the cement-mix propor-
materials. Neither is this recommended practice intended tions as set forth in Section 3, Par. 3.2.a.
SECTION 2
MATERIAL
2.1 Pipe and Tubing for Lining with Cement. Steel
OD and under, and 0.156 inch @.9S mm) in
pipe and tubing to be cement lined may be either new or pipe 4% inch (11.4~1 WW) OD through 6% inch
used at the discretion of the purchaser. The purchaser is (16’8.~ WH) OD. Minimum wall thickness of
expected to furnish the pipe to be lined or to provide pipe over 6% inch (I68.3 WH) OD should be by
specifications therefor, and is responsible for compatibili- agreement between purchaser and applica-
ty of the pipe with maximum stress, stress fluctuation, and tor.
environmental stress cracking resistance requirements.
Length of the pipe or tubing and length
The applicator should inspect and segregate all pipe that
tolerance should be by agreement between
in his opinion cannot be lined satisfactorily, or that has
the applicator and the purchaser.
defects which would prevent satisfactory performance
(5) Pipe wall should be free of dents or flats and
after lining. The purchaser may request the lining of such
the internal surface free of burrs and whisk-
pipe either as it is or after straightening and drifting.
ers. Their presence should be cause for
Unless previously agreed upon, the applicator is not
rejection.
responsible for the successful lining of pipe that was
originally rejected. The purchaser is responsible for the
(6) Fittings should be inspected for defects by the
handling and replacement of pipe rejected initially by the
applicator and unsuitable fittings rejected.
applicator.
The purchaser may request the lining of
rejected fittings to be subject to the same
a. New Pipe and Tubing for Lining with Cement.
limitations contained in Par. 2.1. The applica-
The pipe or tubing to be lined should be in
tor’s inspection should be limited to the
accordance with dimensional specifications con-
suitability of the items to be successfully
tained in API Spec 5A, 5AC, 5AX or 5L. While
lined. If fitting inspection is to include
generally it should be expected that pipe to these
dimensional inspection, this should be by
specifications would meet the applicator’s toler-
agreement between the applicator and the
ances on eccentricity, straightness, dents, flats,
purchaser.
burrs, or whiskers, pipe and tubing can meet the
Used Pipe and Tubing for Lining with Cement.
API specifications and still be unacceptable for
The lining of used pipe should be at the discretion of
cement lining. The applicator may request replace-
the purchaser and to his specifications generally.
ment of such material or, at the purchaser’s request,
Par. 3.1 is suggested as a guide for cleaning the pipe
may apply linings in accordance with the limita-
and should be subject to the same conditions as set
tions as indicated in Par. 2.1. New steel pipe and
forth in Par. 2.1.
tubing to be cement lined should meet the following:
(1) Tolerances in the pipe should be limited to a (1) The applicator is expected to make a visual
maximum misalignment, in any length of inspection of all pipe or tubing received, and
pipe to be lined, of no more than the tolerance to discard all obviously defective joints: bent,
m ashed those with deep external or in ternal
variation allowed in the cementing thickness 9
These
listed in Table 3.1. tting, and those with internal seams.
Pi
shou marked as not suitable for coating.
id be
(2) Maximum out-of-roundness, as the difference
The icator is expected to inform the
between maximum and minimum diameters, aPPl
purchaser of any unacceptable material in
should not exceed l/32 inch (0.8 ~)l) or 0.5
order that replacement material may be
percent of the nominal outsidediameter (OD),
obtained.
whichever is larger. Out-of-round pipe should
be set aside and appropriately marked.
(2) A PI Spec W, Table 6.3, is applicable for
(3) Minimum wall thickness should be 0.125 inch tolerances on tl imensions of used pipe and
tubing.
(;I. IX H.W) for pipe of 4% inch (114.:~ ni,nl)
10

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IS0 10409:1993(E)
RP 10E: Cement Lining of Steel Tubular Goods 7
2.2 Cement. 2.3 Sand.
a. Cement meeting the requirements of API Class C a. Sand should be at least 95 percent quartz (silicon
(similar to ASTM Cl50 Type III) high sulfate dioxide) and should not lose more than 0.5 percent
resistant (HSR) cement as set out in the latest on ignition.
edition of API Spec 10: specification for Well
Cements and Cement Additives, with zero tricall-
b. The sand should meet ASTM C33 and conform to
cium aluminate (GA), should be used for lining oil the following screen analyses:
field pipe and tubing. This cement is suitable for
U.S. Series Percent Retained
exposure to corrosive waters, regardless of the
Sieve No. on Each Sieve
soluble sulfate concentration, and is therefore the
cement preferred by most users. 0
16
o-5
30
b. When API Class C cement with zero C,A is
15-25
40
unavailable, other cements may be used, but only
49-60
50
upon specific approval by the purchaser.
20-4
80
100 o-5
(1) Moderate sulfate resistant (MSR) cements
(having less than 8 percent &A) may be used
when the corrosive fluid contains less than
2.4 Pozzolanic Materials.
1000 ppm soluble sulfates. These may be
either API Class B (MSR) or Class C (MSR)
a. Fly ash and raw or calcined pozzolans should
cement.
conform to ASTM C618 and API Spec 10, Section
(2) High sulfateresistant(HSR)cements(having
11.
less than 3 percent &A) should always be
used when the corrosive water contains 1000 The 10s~ on ignition for fly ash, conforming to
ppm or higher soluble sulfates. These may be
ASTM C618, should not exceed 4 per cent.
either API Class B (HSR) or Class C (HSR)
b. The purchaser may require the applicator to furnish
cement.
satisfactory reports of analyses which certify that
c. The purchaser of cement lined pipe may require
the pozzolanic materials meet the ASTM require-
the applicator to furnish a written statement of
ments set forth in this paragraph.
the chemical composition of the cement for the
purchaser’s approval. Similarly, the applicator
ing the lining material, clear potable
2.5 water. For mix
may require the cement manufacturer to furnish
be used
water should
a written statement of the chemical composition
of the cement for approval by the applicator or by
2.6 Chemical Additives. Chemical admixtures may be
the purchaser of the cement lined pipe. The
used by agreement between the applicator and purchaser.
method for determining the C3A content of the
cement selected should be by mutual agreement
2.7 Storage and Handling. Cement, sand, and pozzo-
among the cement manufacturer, the applicator
lans should be kept clean, dry and free from contaminants.
and the purchaser of the cement lined pipe.
They should be stored in separate bins, tanks or other
containers closed to weather and contamination. Cement
d. Cement manufacturing companies and products
and pozzolans should be passed through a ‘/4 inch (6.4mm)
suitable for cement lining applications, are listed
or less mesh screen, to remove lumps and other extraneous
in Appendix Q, R or both of API Spec 10.
matter, before mixing. All materials should be handled
e. The cement used for cement lining oil field pipe and
and transferred in such a manner that all foreign matter is
tubing should be uniform and free of lumps. excluded.
11

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IS0 10409:1993(E)
8 American Petroleum Institute
SECTION 3
METHOD OF LINING PIPE AND TUBING WITH CEMENT LINING
Pipe.
3.1 d. The water and dry ingredients should be thoroughly
a. New and used pipe and tubing should be free of mill mixed to a homogeneous slurry. The resultant
varnish, oil, paraffin, corrosion products, mill scale, slurry should be mixed for a minimum of two
thread lubricant, or any other foreign material minutes and not longer than five minutes. Check the
when the wet cement mix is introduced for lining. consistency and homogeneity of the wet mix, and if
b. Cleaning methods should be as agreed upon between the mix is not uniform within the specified maxi-
the applicator and purchaser. Following are exam- mum mixing time, check the mixer for hardened
ples of cleaning methods: (A metal surface with a concrete or alter the dry mix charging sequence to
definite anchor pattern is preferred.) assure conformance.
e.
The minimum temperature of the wet mix should
(1) Chemical cleaning (SSPC-SP-1).
be maintained at not less than 50 F @OC’) and the
Flame cleaning (SSPC-SP-4) followed by
(2)
maximum temperature should not exceed 90 F
an air blast of abrasives. The temperature
(3Z°C). Do not place cement mix in pipe when the
should not exceed 600 F @MC) for API
ambient temperature is less than 40 F (-6°C).
grades 5AX and 5L, 750 F (399°C) for API
f.
The wet mix should be in final place and spun in the
grades 5AC, or 800 F (.&WC) for all other
tubular goods within 45 minutes after initial mix-
pipe.
ing.
(3) Sandblasting to a commercial grade metal
If necessary, freshly spun cement linings should be
$5
finish (SSPC-SP-6 or NACE 3).
hand patched within 15 minutes after final spin.
(4) Sandblasting to a near-white metal finish
Pipe having washed out ends or voids should be
(SSPC-SP-10 or NACE 2).
rejected, cleaned of all mix and foreign matter, and
C. After the interior of the pipe or tubing has been
relined.
cleaned, a visual inspection of each joint is made by
h. The applicator should exercise diligence to provide
the applicator to ensure that no scale, sand, or other
uniform linings without thick or thin areas. Ade-
foreign matter is left in the pipe, and that the pipe or
quate and properly spaced hold-downs on the
tubing can be properly cement-lined.
application machinery should be used.
3.2
Cement Mix Proportions.
i.
Thickness of cement linings and tolerances permit-
a. Dry Ingredient Proportions. Proportions of dry
ted on thicknesses vary widely throughout the
ingredients for preparation of cement mix should be
industry. Table 3.1 lists the variations in lining
as agreed upon by the purchaser and applicator. The
thickness being applied along the range of tolerance
following compositions of cement lining are in
for 2% inch (60.3 mm) through 20 inch (508.0 mm)
general use:
pipe sizes. Since these thicknesses have been widely
(1) Cement 35X, Pozzolan 50/o, Sand 60%
used successfully, they are recommended.
(2) Cement 60X, Pozzolan 40%
In selecting lining thickness it is important to
consider the dimensions of any tools or instruments
b. Measurements of Materials. All materials used in
that must pass through the pipe. In considering the
the mixture should be weighed prior to introduction
clearance for such items, the allowable eccentricity
into the mixer. The scale used for weighing should
of both lining and pipe should be considered.
be certified accurate within one percent.
c. Cement Dry Mix. The dry mix content by weight
should be in the proportions agreed upon in Par.
TABLE 3.1
3.2a. The mixture is subject to change as directed by
RECOMMENDED LINING THICKNESS
the purchaser based upon variations of the materi-
al’s specifications.
d. Slurry or Mix Preparation. Slurry the dry mix
Lining Thickness
with water as agreed upon by the purchaser and the
Pipe Size, OD m Maximum
applicator. Slight variations in the water propor-
in. mm mm in. mm
in.
tions may be permitted as temperature and humidi-
ty changes occur.
2:x ( 60.3) ‘/8 f 3.2)
vi ( 6.4)
3.3 Cement Lining Application.
2% ( 73.0)
% ( 3.2) ?4 ( 6.4)
a. Any method which results in a dense, uniform, and 3% ( 88.9) 5132 ( 4.0)
5/16 ( 7.9)
evenly distributed cement lining throughout the 4% (114.3) 5132 ( 4.0)
% ( 9.5)
6% (168.3)
pipe or tubing length is acceptable. 3/16 ( 4.8) 7116 (11.1)
b. The applicator should avoid the inclusion of any 8% (219.1)
% f S-4) 74 (15.9)
foreign material or pieces of hardened cement 10:s (2 73.1)
% ( 9.5)
xi m.2)
during the application of the cement lining. 12% (323.9)
% ( 9.5)
74 (22.2)
16 (406.4) 7116 (11.1)
c. The dry mixture of the lining material should 1 (25.4)
20 (508.0)
contain the agreed upon dry mixture percentages M (12.7) 1% (28.6)
and, these percentages s
...