ISO/TR 23605:2009
(Main)Technical product specification (TPS) — Application guidance — International model for national implementation
Technical product specification (TPS) — Application guidance — International model for national implementation
ISO/TR 23605:2010 provides guidance for the preparation of all technical product specifications in the mechanical engineering field. The document operates as an index to the many ISO standards applicable to a TPS by means of cross-reference, and, where appropriate, the subject references are supplemented by commentary and recommendations considered to be of significance but which are not otherwise covered.
Spécification technique de produits (TPS) — Lignes directrices d'application — Modèle international pour mises en oeuvre nationales
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TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 23605
First edition
2009-12-15
Technical product specification (TPS) —
Application guidance — International
model for national implementation
Spécification technique de produits (TPS) — Lignes directrices
d'application — Modèle international pour mises en oeuvre nationales
Reference number
ISO/TR 23605:2009(E)
©
ISO 2009
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ISO/TR 23605:2009(E)
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ISO/TR 23605:2009(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction.vi
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Global Standards underpinning ISO/TR 23605 .2
4.1 The GPS Matrix.2
4.2 Standard reference temperature.2
5 Expression of the concept .2
6 Types of documentation.3
6.1 General .3
6.2 Commentary and reccomendations .3
6.2.1 Combined drawing .3
6.2.2 Document list (drawing list) .3
7 Relationship between design definition and interpretation.3
7.1 Targeting of a TPD.3
7.2 Uncertainty of specification .3
8 Presentation media .4
9 Scales .4
10 Lines, arrows and terminators .4
10.1 Lines .4
10.2 Arrows and terminators.4
11 Lettering .4
12 Projections .5
13 Views.5
14 Sections.5
15 Part references .5
16 Graphical representation (abbreviations and symbols).6
16.1 Abbreviations.6
16.2 Symbols used for physical quantities.6
16.3 General symbols.6
16.4 Textual equivalents .7
16.5 Representation of processes .7
17 Representation of features.8
18 Representation of components .8
19 Dimensioning and tolerancing.9
19.1 General .9
19.2 Decimal marker.9
20 Geometrical tolerancing .10
21 Surface texture indication .10
22 Security .11
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ISO/TR 23605:2009(E)
22.1 Introduction.11
22.2 General security.11
23 Storage and retrieval .11
24 Protection notices.11
Annex A (normative) Cross-referenced standards.12
Annex B (informative) Geometrical product specification (GPS) — The standards matrix .18
Bibliography .20
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ISO/TR 23605:2009(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that
which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a
simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely
informative in nature and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no
longer valid or useful.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TR 23605 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213, Dimensional and geometrical product
specifications and verification.
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ISO/TR 23605:2009(E)
Introduction
Industry in all developed countries worldwide is showing an increasing tendency to focus on design and
assembly activity and to contract out the manufacture of its components, and such procedures are unlikely to
be constrained by national borders. Alongside this, many companies are extending their dependence on
computerized systems and thereby reducing the opportunity for human intervention in manufacturing
processes.
One effect of these parallel trends is the exposure of the limitations of some traditional specification
processes, which highlights the urgent need for enhanced detail and accuracy in specifying the manufacture
of technical products. This is coupled with the requirement to reduce ambiguity and the opportunity for
interpretation at both manufacturing and verification stages.
ISO/TR 23605 is drafted with the sole objective of facilitating this improvement in technical product
specification through the application of established International Standards and International Standards under
development.
A primary objective of the responsible ISO committees is to ensure that the necessary tools to enable the
preparation of detailed, accurate specifications are available. Their activity covers seven complementary
generic subject areas:
⎯ Methodology for design implementation
⎯ Geometrical product specification
⎯ Graphical representation (engineering drawings/diagrams and 3-D modelling)
⎯ Verification (metrology and precision measurement)
⎯ Technical documentation
⎯ Electronic formats and controls
⎯ Related tools and equipment
There are two ISO Technical Committees responsible for identifying and evaluating requirements for
International Standards relating to the preparation, presentation and validation of technical specifications in
the field of mechanical engineering and for the drafting of any such standards for which a genuine need is
established. Their combined work programmes address the requirements for standardization in such technical
specifications at all stages from the preparation of design concepts for physical realization to the validation of
finished products.
Technical Product Documentation (TPD) is the province of ISO/TC 10, with the brief “to develop, co-ordinate
and maintain International Standards for TPD, including technical drawings manually produced or computer
based, for technical purposes throughout the product life cycle in order to facilitate preparation, management,
storage, retrieval, reproduction, exchange and use”.
Although this committee is founded on the more traditional discipline of “Engineering Drawing”, its remit
extends to include the presentation of all forms of specification for technical products, whatever the media
selected to carry that specification. In particular, this includes the graphical representation and annotation of
the output of 3-D modelling programmes. The work of ISO/TC 10 is closely linked to that of ISO/TC 213 (see
below) and the closest practicable liaisons are maintained, both at the policy-making level and between the
working groups.
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ISO/TR 23605:2009(E)
ISO/TC 213 is the Technical Committee responsible for the development of standards for Geometrical Product
Specification (GPS). Its primary objective is the development and promotion of an integrated system for
specification and verification of workpiece geometry that can function as an enhanced engineering tool for
product development and manufacturing. Such a system is essential as companies move ahead rapidly with
new technologies, new manufacturing processes, new materials and technically advanced products, in the
previously referred to environment of “international outsourcing”.
This ISO Technical Report sets out the format and overall content of a specification for the preparation of all
forms of technical product specification (TPS). It is designed to facilitate the development of national
standards for the definition, specification and graphical representation of technical products and includes
cross-references to a range of International Standards (the core range) judged to be essential to the
achievement of international compatibility between such national standards. This core range of cross-
referenced standards incorporates not only those prepared by ISO/TC 213 but also by other relevant ISO
Technical committees, principally by ISO/TC 10. It is intended that this model be adopted, in its entirety, by
national standards bodies as the basis for their national standards in the field of mechanical engineering
specification. Attention is drawn to the fact that its structure provides for the addition of supplementary
information by way of commentary and recommendation where national requirements make such addition
appropriate, provided that any such additions are not in conflict with the published International Standards.
The relationship between the cross-referenced standards is formally structured within this Technical Report.
Additionally, an overview of the international standardization of geometrical product specification, explaining
the concept and providing a matrix of the relevant standards, may be found in ISO/TR 14638.
Standards developed in the field of GPS form an interrelated standards structure providing fundamental rules
for geometrical specification (see Annex B, Figure B.1).
In ISO/TR 23605 the Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) standards are applied in conjunction with the
presentational Technical Product Documentation (TPD) standards to construct a comprehensive system for
“Technical Product Specification (TPS)”.
It is appropriate to apply TPS principles throughout the development of a product, i.e. in design,
manufacturing, metrology and verification, and it will be found that consistent application will lead to reduced
ambiguity and misunderstanding which in turn will provide faster, more controlled “release-to-market” times,
with significantly fewer re-starts and reduced requirement for corrective action.
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TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 23605:2009(E)
Technical product specification (TPS) — Application
guidance — International model for national implementation
1 Scope
This Technical Report provides guidance for the preparation of all technical product specifications in the
mechanical engineering field. The document operates as an index to the many ISO standards applicable to a
TPS by means of cross-reference, and, where appropriate, the subject references are supplemented by
commentary and recommendations considered to be of significance but which are not otherwise covered.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents, are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 10209-1, Technical product documentation — Vocabulary — Part 1: Terms relating to technical drawings:
general and types of drawings
ISO 10209-2, Technical product documentation — Vocabulary — Part 2: Terms relating to projection methods
ISO 14660-1, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Geometrical features — Part 1: General terms and
definitions
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 10209-1, ISO 10209-2, ISO 14660-1
and the following apply.
NOTE Access to a list GPS terms (in English) providing reference to the ISO document in which the term is defined
or used (if not defined) is available via the ISO/TC 213 homepage at http://isotc213.ds.dk.
3.1
technical product documentation
TPD
means of conveying all or part of a design definition or specification of a product
3.2
technical product specification
TPS
technical product documentation comprising the complete design definition and specification of a product for
manufacturing and verification purposes
NOTE 1 A TPS, which may contain drawings, 3-D models, parts lists or other documents forming an integral part of the
specification, in whatever format they may be presented, may consist of one or more TPDs.
NOTE 2 Attention is drawn to the fact that although the application of ISO/TR 23605 is voluntary, any TPS referred to
within contractual obligations will itself become a legal document.
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4 Global Standards underpinning ISO/TR 23605
4.1 The GPS Matrix
The GPS Matrix (see Annex B) embodies the concept of “Global” standards that underpin or influence the
whole Technical Product Specification process. This principle is adopted in ISO/TR 23605, and the following
standards are identified as being “Global” standards for this purpose.
ISO 1, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Standard reference temperature for geometrical product
specification and verification
ISO 10579, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Dimensioning and tolerancing — Non-rigid parts
ISO 14253-1, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Inspection by measurement of workpieces and
measuring equipment — Part 1: Decision rules for proving conformance or non-conformance with
specifications
ISO/TS 14253-2, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Inspection by measurement of workpieces and
measuring equipment — Part 2: Guide to the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration of
measuring equipment and in product verification
ISO/TR 16015, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Systematic errors and contributions to
measurement uncertainty of length measurement due to thermal influences
In addition, the principles addressed in the following documents are considered to underpin the provisions of
this Technical Report:
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, Uncertainty of measurement — Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in
measurement (GUM:1995)
ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, International vocabulary of metrology — Basic and general concepts and associated
terms (VIM)
NOTE Amendments to these documents are available from (To be added - sources not yet determined).
4.2 Standard reference temperature
The standard reference temperature for technical product specification and verification is 20 °C (see ISO 1).
5 Expression of the concept
Before specifying a technical product, the broad requirement should be established, with particular attention
being paid to the functions that the product will be expected to fulfil. The conceptual design intent can then be
depicted in the form of a design layout, scheme or simplified computer-generated model, although this will not
normally be used in the detailed technical product document for manufacturing purposes.
The importance of this stage cannot be over-emphasized. Clear understanding of the purpose and function
intended for the eventual product, knowledge of the requirements of the available manufacturing methods and
awareness of relevant verification procedures will help to ensure that the degree of complexity of the
specification is appropriate and adequate.
It is not the aim of this Technical Report to attempt to instruct or constrain the design process. It is, however,
of the greatest importance that the designer present the product of the design process, i.e. the TPD set
containing the technical product specification, in a manner that avoids ambiguity and any risk of
misunderstanding or misinterpretation. For this reason, it is imperative that the designer be familiar with the
guidance within this document and aware of the increased precision that its use can bring.
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For these and many other reasons, management of the overall design process can be complex, and it is
strongly recommended that designers familiarize themselves with published standards in this field.
6 Types of documentation
6.1 General
The technical product document should, if practicable, be of a type listed in one of the following standards and
be prepared in accordance with any corresponding recommendations therein:
ISO 7573, Technical product documentation — Parts lists
ISO 10209-1, Technical product documentation — Vocabulary — Part 1: Terms relating to technical drawings:
general and types of drawings
ISO 16792, Technical product documentation — Digital product definition data practices
6.2 Commentary and recommendations
6.2.1 Combined drawing
For some TPS, it might be appropriate to display an assembly, item list and constituent details, drawn
separately, all on the same drawing (see ISO/TS 8062-2).
6.2.2 Document list (drawing list)
For some TPS, it may be appropriate to provide a list of all graphical representations and selected
specifications required to build a particular assembly, from which it derives its title and primary identifier.
7 Relationship between design definition and interpretation
7.1 Targeting of a TPD
When producing a TPD for manufacturing purposes, there can be benefits in giving consideration to how it will
be interpreted:
⎯ including more detail than is necessary for the manufacturing operation can increase the risk of
misinterpretation;
⎯ including requirements which are beyond the capability of the manufacturing process will lead to an
increase in non-compliance.
7.2 Uncertainty of specification
However much care is invested in the preparation of a TPS, there will inevitably be areas of uncertainty, both
within the specification and between the specification and the verification processes. To ensure that the
uncertainty is minimized, the principles applied should conform to the following standards:
ISO/TS 17450-1, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — General concepts — Part 1: Model for
geometrical specification and verification
ISO/TS 17450-2, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — General concepts — Part 2: Basic tenets,
specifications, operators and uncertainties
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8 Presentation media
The presentation of the drawings should conform to the following standards:
ISO 5457, Technical product documentation — Sizes and layout of drawing sheets
ISO 7200, Technical product documentation — Data fields in title blocks and document headers
9 Scales
Scales should conform to:
ISO 5455, Technical drawing — Scales
10 Lines, arrows and terminators
10.1 Lines
Lines should conform to the following standards, as appropriate:
ISO 128-1, Technical drawings — General principles of presentation — Part 1: Introduction and index
ISO 128-20, Technical drawings — General principles of presentation — Part 20: Basic conventions for lines
ISO 128-21, Technical drawings — General principles of presentation — Part 21: Preparation of lines by CAD
systems
ISO 128-22, Technical drawings — General principles of presentation — Part 22: Basic conventions and
applications for leader lines and reference lines
ISO 128-24, Technical drawings — General principles of presentation — Part 24: Lines on mechanical
engineering drawings
ISO 128-25, Technical drawings — General principles of presentation — Part 25: Lines on shipbuilding
drawings
10.2 Arrows and terminators
Arrows and terminators composed of lines should conform to:
ISO 129-1, Technical drawings — Indication of dimensions and tolerances — General principles
11 Lettering
Lettering should conform to:
ISO 3098-0, Technical product documentation — Lettering — Part 0: General requirements
and to the following standards, as appropriate:
ISO 3098-2, Technical product documentation — Lettering — Part 2: Latin alphabet, numerals and marks
ISO 3098-3, Technical product documentation — Lettering — Part 3: Greek alphabet
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ISO 3098-4, Technical product documentation — Lettering — Part 4: Diacritical and particular marks for the
Latin alphabet
ISO 3098-5, Technical product documentation — Lettering — Part 5: CAD lettering of the Latin alphabet,
numerals and marks
ISO 3098-6, Technical product documentation — Lettering — Part 6: Cyrillic alphabet
12 Projections
Projection methods are introduced in ISO 5456-1, Technical drawings — Projection methods — Part 1:
Synopsis, and should conform to one of the following standards:
ISO 5456-2, Technical drawings — Projection methods — Part 2: Orthographic representations
ISO 5456-3, Technical drawings — Projection methods — Part 3: Axonometric representations
ISO 5456-4, Technical drawings — Projection methods — Part 4: Central projection
ISO 10209-2, Technical product documentation — Vocabulary — Part 2: Terms relating to projection methods
13 Views
Views should conform to:
ISO 128-30, Technical drawings — General principles of presentation — Part 30: Basic conventions for views
ISO 128-34, Technical drawings — General principles of presentation — Part 34: Views on mechanical
engineering drawings
14 Sections
Sections should conform to:
ISO 128-40, Technical drawings — General principles of presentation — Part 40: Basic conventions for cuts
and sections
ISO 128-44, Technical drawings — General principles of presentation — Part 44: Sections on mechanical
engineering drawings
ISO 128-50, Technical drawings — General principles of presentation — Part 50: Basic conventions for
representing areas on cuts and sections
15 Part references
Part references should conform to:
ISO 6433, Technical drawings — Item references
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16 Graphical representation (abbreviations and symbols)
16.1 Abbreviations
Abbreviated terms should be used with care, and their use should be limited to those cases where it is not
likely to cause confusion. The general rule is that an abbreviated term comprises capital letters, without a full
stop after each letter (see ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2:2004, 6.6.2).
16.2 Symbols used for physical quantities
Symbols used for physical quantities and units of measurement should
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