ISO/IEC 23008-2:2023
(Main)Information technology — High efficiency coding and media delivery in heterogeneous environments — Part 2: High efficiency video coding
Information technology — High efficiency coding and media delivery in heterogeneous environments — Part 2: High efficiency video coding
This document specifies high efficiency video coding.
Technologies de l'information — Codage à haute efficacité et livraison des medias dans des environnements hétérogènes — Partie 2: Codage vidéo à haute efficacité
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INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 23008-2
Fifth edition
2023-10
Information technology — High
efficiency coding and media delivery
in heterogeneous environments —
Part 2:
High efficiency video coding
Technologies de l'information — Codage à haute efficacité et livraison
des medias dans des environnements hétérogènes —
Partie 2: Codage vidéo à haute efficacité
Reference number
© ISO/IEC 2023
© ISO/IEC 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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Published in Switzerland
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© ISO/IEC 2023 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword . vii
Introduction . viii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 22
5 Conventions. 24
5.1 General . 24
5.2 Arithmetic operators . 24
5.3 Logical operators . 25
5.4 Relational operators . 25
5.5 Bit-wise operators . 25
5.6 Assignment operators. 26
5.7 Range notation . 26
5.8 Mathematical functions . 26
5.9 Order of operation precedence . 27
5.10 Variables, syntax elements, and tables . 28
5.11 Text description of logical operations . 29
5.12 Processes . 30
6 Bitstream and picture formats, partitionings, scanning processes, and neighbouring
relationships . 31
6.1 Bitstream formats . 31
6.2 Source, decoded, and output picture formats . 31
6.3 Partitioning of pictures, slices, slice segments, tiles, CTUs, and CTBs . 34
6.3.1 Partitioning of pictures into slices, slice segments, and tiles . 34
6.3.2 Block and quadtree structures . 36
6.3.3 Spatial or component-wise partitionings . 37
6.4 Availability processes . 37
6.4.1 Derivation process for z-scan order block availability . 37
6.4.2 Derivation process for prediction block availability . 38
6.5 Scanning processes . 40
6.5.1 CTB raster and tile scanning conversion process . 40
6.5.2 Z-scan order array initialization process . 41
6.5.3 Up-right diagonal scan order array initialization process . 41
6.5.4 Horizontal scan order array initialization process . 42
6.5.5 Vertical scan order array initialization process . 42
© ISO/IEC 2023 – All rights reserved iii
6.5.6 Traverse scan order array initialization process . 43
7 Syntax and semantics . 43
7.1 Method of specifying syntax in tabular form . 43
7.2 Specification of syntax functions and descriptors . 44
7.3 Syntax in tabular form . 46
7.3.1 NAL unit syntax . 46
7.3.2 Raw byte sequence payloads, trailing bits, and byte alignment syntax . 47
7.3.3 Profile, tier and level syntax . 56
7.3.4 Scaling list data syntax . 59
7.3.5 Supplemental enhancement information message syntax . 60
7.3.6 Slice segment header syntax . 60
7.3.7 Short-term reference picture set syntax . 65
7.3.8 Slice segment data syntax . 66
7.4 Semantics . 81
7.4.1 General . 81
7.4.2 NAL unit semantics . 81
7.4.3 Raw byte sequence payloads, trailing bits, and byte alignment semantics . 92
7.4.4 Profile, tier, and level semantics . 114
7.4.5 Scaling list data semantics . 119
7.4.6 Supplemental enhancement information message semantics . 121
7.4.7 Slice segment header semantics . 122
7.4.8 Short-term reference picture set semantics . 131
7.4.9 Slice segment data semantics . 134
8 Decoding process . 151
8.1 General decoding process . 151
8.1.1 General . 151
8.1.2 CVSG decoding process . 151
8.1.3 Decoding process for a coded picture with nuh_layer_id equal to 0 . 152
8.2 NAL unit decoding process . 154
8.3 Slice decoding process . 154
8.3.1 Decoding process for picture order count . 154
8.3.2 Decoding process for reference picture set . 155
8.3.3 Decoding process for generating unavailable reference pictures . 161
8.3.4 Decoding process for reference picture lists construction . 162
8.3.5 Decoding process for collocated picture and no backward prediction flag . 163
8.4 Decoding process for coding units coded in intra prediction mode . 164
8.4.1 General decoding process for coding units coded in intra prediction mode . 164
iv © ISO/IEC 2023 – All rights reserved
8.4.2 Derivation process for luma intra prediction mode . 168
8.4.3 Derivation process for chroma intra prediction mode . 171
8.4.4 Decoding process for intra blocks . 171
8.5 Decoding process for coding units coded in inter prediction mode . 184
8.5.1 General decoding process for coding units coded in inter prediction mode . 184
8.5.2 Inter prediction process . 185
8.5.3 Decoding process for prediction units in inter prediction mode . 188
8.5.4 Decoding process for the residual signal of coding units coded in inter
prediction mode .22 1
8.6 Scaling, transformation and array construction process prior to deblocking filter
process .22 6
8.6.1 Derivation process for quantization parameters . 226
8.6.2 Scaling and transformation process . 228
8.6.3 Scaling process for transform coefficients . 230
8.6.4 Transformation process for scaled transform coefficients . 231
8.6.5 Residual modification process for blocks using a transform bypass . 234
8.6.6 Residual m
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