ISO/FDIS 13909-2
(Main)Coal and coke — Mechanical sampling — Part 2: Sampling of coal from moving streams
Coal and coke — Mechanical sampling — Part 2: Sampling of coal from moving streams
ISO 13909-2:1016 specifies procedures and requirements for the design and establishment of mechanical samplers for the sampling of coal from moving streams and describes the methods of sampling used. It does not cover mechanical sampling from stationary lots which is dealt with in ISO 13909‑3[1].
Charbon et coke — Échantillonnage mécanique — Partie 2: Échantillonnage du charbon en continu
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FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/TC 27/SC 4
Coal and coke — Mechanical
Secretariat: SABS
sampling —
Voting begins on:
2025-04-09
Part 2:
Sampling of coal from moving
Voting terminates on:
2025-06-04
streams
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Reference number
FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/TC 27/SC 4
Coal and coke — Mechanical
Secretariat: SABS
sampling —
Voting begins on:
Part 2:
Sampling of coal from moving
Voting terminates on:
streams
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2025
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
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the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
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CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
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Published in Switzerland Reference number
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Establishing a sampling scheme. 1
4.1 General .1
4.2 Design of the sampling scheme .2
4.2.1 Material to be sampled .2
4.2.2 Division of lots .2
4.2.3 Basis of sampling . .2
4.2.4 Precision of sampling .2
4.2.5 Bias of sampling .3
4.3 Precision of results .3
4.3.1 Precision and total variance .3
4.3.2 Primary increment variance .4
4.3.3 Preparation and testing variance .4
4.3.4 Number of sub-lots and number of increments per sub-lot .4
4.4 Minimum mass of sample .7
4.5 Mass of primary increment .8
4.6 Size analysis .9
5 Methods of sampling .10
5.1 General .10
5.2 Time-basis sampling .11
5.2.1 Method of taking primary increments .11
5.2.2 Sampling interval.11
5.2.3 Mass of increment .11
5.3 Mass-basis sampling .11
5.3.1 Method of taking primary increments .11
5.3.2 Sampling interval. 12
5.3.3 Mass of increment . 12
5.4 Stratified random sampling . 12
5.4.1 General . 12
5.4.2 Time-basis stratified random sampling . 13
5.4.3 Mass-basis stratified random sampling . 13
5.5 Reference sampling . 13
6 Design of mechanical samplers .13
6.1 Safety. 13
6.2 Information . . 13
6.3 Basic requirements . 13
6.4 Location of sampling equipment . 13
6.5 Provision for checking precision .14
6.6 Provision for testing for bias .14
6.7 General requirements for designing mechanical samplers .14
6.8 Design of falling-stream-type samplers .14
6.8.1 General .14
6.8.2 Cutter velocity . 15
6.9 Cross-belt-type primary samplers .17
6.9.1 Operation .17
6.9.2 Design of cross-belt samplers .19
6.10 Maintenance and checking of sampling equipment .21
7 Handling and storage of samples .22
8 Sample preparation .22
iii
9 Bias .23
9.1 Minimization of bias . 23
9.2 Checking for precision and bias .24
10 Verification .24
Annex A (normative) Evaluation of sampling equipment for mass-basis sampling .25
Bibliography .30
iv
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approva
...
Date: 2025-02-19
ISO/TC 27/SC 4/WG 10
Secretariat: SABS
Date: 2025-03-18
Coal and coke – — Mechanical sampling – —
Part 2:
Sampling of coal from moving streams
Houille et coke — Échantillonnage mécanique —
FDIS stage
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
at the address below or ISO'sISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO Copyright Officecopyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
Email: E-mail: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland.
iii
Contents Page
Foreword . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Establishing a sampling scheme . 1
4.1 General . 1
4.2 Design of the sampling scheme . 2
4.3 Precision of results . 3
4.4 Minimum mass of sample . 7
4.5 Mass of primary increment . 9
4.6 Size analysis . 10
5 Methods of sampling . 11
5.1 General . 11
5.2 Time-basis sampling . 12
5.3 Mass-basis sampling . 12
5.4 Stratified random sampling . 13
5.5 Reference sampling . 14
6 Design of mechanical samplers . 14
6.1 Safety . 14
6.2 Information . 14
6.3 Basic requirements . 14
6.4 Location of sampling equipment . 14
6.5 Provision for checking precision . 15
6.6 Provision for testing for bias . 15
6.7 General requirements for designing mechanical samplers . 15
6.8 Design of falling-stream-type samplers . 15
6.9 Cross-belt-type primary samplers . 18
6.10 Maintenance and checking of sampling equipment . 22
7 Handling and storage of samples . 23
8 Sample preparation . 24
9 Bias . 24
9.1 Minimization of bias . 24
9.2 Checking for precision and bias . 25
10 Verification . 25
Annex A (normative) Evaluation of sampling equipment for mass-basis sampling . 26
Bibliography . 31
iv
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not
represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
Field Code Changed
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 27, Coal and coke, Subcommittee SC 4, Sampling.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 13909--2:2016), which has been technically
revised. The main changes are as follows:
— The main changes are as follows:
— the title has been modified by replacing “Hard Coal and Coke” with “Coal and Coke”coke” and aligned with
the rest of the ISO 13909 series;
— — the Scopescope has been revised to specifically refer to coal;
— — the references have been updated;
— the calculation of number of sub-lots and increments (see 4.3.4.2);has been updated;
— the references have been updated;
A list of all parts in the ISO 13909 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
Field Code Changed
v
Coal and coke — Mechanical sampling — —
Part 2:
Sampling of coal from moving streams
1 Scope
This document specifies procedures and requirements for the design and establishment of mechanical
samplers for the sampling of coal from moving streams and describes the methods of sampling used.
[1]
It does not cover mechanical sampling from stationary lots, which is dealt with in ISO 13909--3 .
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 13909--1, Coal and coke — Mechanical sampling — Part 1: General introduction
ISO 13909--4, Coal and coke — Mechanical sampling — Part 4: Preparation of coal test samples of coal
ISO 13909--7, Coal and coke — Mechanical sampling — Part 7: Methods for determining the precision of
sampling, sample preparation and testing
ISO 13909--8, Coal and coke — Mechanical sampling — Part 8: Methods of testing for bias
ISO 21398, Hard coal and coke — Guidance to the inspection of mechanical sampling systems
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13909--1 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— — IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
4 Establishing a sampling scheme
4.1 General
The general procedure for establishing a sampling scheme is as follows.
a) a) Define the quality parameters to be determined and the types of samples required.
b) b) Define the lot.
c) c) Define or assume the precision required (see 4.3.14.3.1).).
d) d) Determine the method of combining the increments into samples and the method of sample
preparation (see ISO 13909--4).
e) e) Determine or assume the variability of the coal (see 4.3.24.3.2)) and the variance of preparation and
testing (see 4.3.34.3.3).). Methods for determining variability and the variance of preparation and testing
are given in ISO 13909--7.
f) f) Establish the number of sub-lots and the number of increments per sub-lot required to attain the
desired precision (see 4.3.44.3.4).).
g) g) Decide whether to use time-basis or mass-basis sampling (see Clause 5Clause 5)) and define the
sampling intervals in minutes for time-basis sampling or in tonnes for mass-basis sampling.
h) h) Ascertain the nominal top size of coal for the purpose of determining the minimum mass of sample
(see 4.44.4 and Table 1Table 1).).
NOTE The nominal top size can initially be ascertained by consulting the consignment details, or by visual
estimation, and can be verified, if necessary, by preliminary test work.
i) i) Determine the minimum average increment mass (see 4.54.5).).
4.2 Design of the sampling scheme
4.2.1 Material to be sampled
The first stage in the design of the scheme is to identify the coal to be sampled. Samples maycan be required
for technical evaluation, process control, quality control and for commercial reasons by both the producer and
the customer. It is essential to ascertain exactly at what stage in the coal-handling process the sample is
required and, as far as practicable, to design the scheme accordingly. In some instances, however, it maycan
prove impracticable to obtain samples at the preferred points and, in such cases, a more practicable alternative
is required.
4.2.2 Division of lots
A lot may be sampled as a whole or as a series of sub-lots, e.g. coal dispatched or delivered over a period of
time, a ship load, a train load, a wagon load or coal produced in a certain period, e.g. a shift.
It maycan be necessary to divide a lot into a number of sub-lots in order to improve the precision of the results.
For lots sampled over long periods, it maycan be expedient to divide the lot into a series of sub-lots, obtaining
a sample for each.
4.2.3 Basis of sampling
Sampling may be carried out on either a time-basis or a mass-basis. In time-basis sampling, the sampling
interval is defined in minutes and seconds and the increment mass is proportional to the flow rate at the time
of taking the increment. In mass-basis sampling, the sampling interval is defined in tonnes and the mass of
increments constituting the sample is uniform. Of these two alternatives, time-basis sampling is easier to
implement and verify, because only a fixed speed cutter and a timing device are required. On the other hand,
for mass-basis sampling, a conveyor belt weightometer is required as well as a device that is co
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