ISO 5472:2022
(Main)Healthcare organization management — Pandemic response (respiratory) — Walk-through screening station
Healthcare organization management — Pandemic response (respiratory) — Walk-through screening station
This document specifies the operation of a walk-through screening station (WTSS) for mass testing as part of pandemic response management. NOTE COVID-19 is an exemplary disease for which such a station is developed.
Management des organisations de soins de santé — Réponse en cas de pandémie (respiratoire) — Station de dépistage ambulatoire
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 5472
First edition
2022-08
Healthcare organization management
— Pandemic response (respiratory)
— Walk-through screening station
Management des organisations de soins de santé — Réponse en cas
de pandémie (respiratoire) — Station de dépistage ambulatoire
Reference number
ISO 5472:2022(E)
© ISO 2022
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ISO 5472:2022(E)
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© ISO 2022
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ISO 5472:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Overview of WTSS. 3
4.1 Fundamental concept . 3
4.2 Four types of WTSS . 5
5 Open WTSS . 5
5.1 Operational principles . 5
5.2 Screening process . 5
5.2.1 Registration . 5
5.2.2 Examination . 5
5.2.3 Specimen collection . 5
5.2.4 Notification of test result . 5
6 Negative pressure WTSS . 6
6.1 Operational principles . 6
6.2 Screening process . 6
6.2.1 General . 6
6.2.2 Registration and questionnaire . 7
6.2.3 Examination . 7
6.2.4 Specimen collection . 7
6.2.5 Ventilation . 7
6.2.6 Disinfection . 8
6.2.7 Storage of the collected specimen . 8
6.2.8 Notification of test result . 9
7 Positive pressure WTSS. 9
7.1 Operational principles . 9
7.2 Screening process . 9
7.2.1 Reservation . 9
7.2.2 Registration . 9
7.2.3 Medical examination. 9
7.2.4 Specimen collection . 10
7.2.5 After specimen collection . 10
7.2.6 Disinfection . 10
7.2.7 Notification of test result . 10
8 Adaptable pressure .10
Annex A (informative) Example of WTSS — Negative pressurized medical container .11
Bibliography .15
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ISO 5472:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
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expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/
iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 304, Healthcare organization management.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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ISO 5472:2022(E)
Introduction
Pandemics demand swift, decisive and sustained action by governments and public health authorities.
Actions that have proved effective are widespread testing, contact tracing and rigorous treating. For
testing, walk-through screening stations (WTSS) can be used to test thousands of people each day. A
WTSS involves a test subject going through the screening process of a medical interview, a temperature
check and specimen collection in a positive, negative or adaptable pressure booth. The use of WTSS can
reduce the risk of transmission of the disease (including in hospital waiting rooms), relieve pressure on
hospitals (which otherwise can be inundated with requests for testing) and free hospital resources for
treating people the disease (including those that are otherwise necessary to disinfect areas used for
specimen-taking).
This document was developed based on experience gained from, and procedures implemented to deal
with, the COVID-19 pandemic, which was characterized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization
(WHO) in March 2020. South Korea, in particular, used WTSS to control the spread of the virus without
shutting down the country and without imposing extreme restrictions on people's movement.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5472:2022(E)
Healthcare organization management — Pandemic
response (respiratory) — Walk-through screening station
1 Scope
This document specifies the operation of a walk-through screening station (WTSS) for mass testing as
part of pandemic response management.
NOTE COVID-19 is an exemplary disease for which such a station is developed.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
adaptable pressure booth
booth with switchable directions of airflow
EXAMPLE From negative to positive pressure or from positive to negative pressure (3.7).
[5]
[SOURCE: Non-pharmaceutical Standard Models for Managing Pandemic ]
3.2
confirmed case
person confirmed to be infected with the pathogen of the infectious disease according to the testing
criteria for diagnosis, irrespective of clinical signs and symptoms
[6]
[SOURCE: Central Disaster and Safety Countermeasures Headquarters ]
3.3
coronavirus
virus that is part of a large family of viruses that cause illness in animals or humans
Note 1 to entry: In humans, several coronaviruses are known to cause respiratory infections ranging from the
common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The coronavirus discovered in 2019 causes the coronavirus disease COVID-19
(3.4).
[7]
[SOURCE: WHO Western Pacific, 2020 ]
3.4
COVID-19
infectious disease caused by the coronavirus (3.3) discovered in 2019
Note 1 to entry: This virus and disease were unknown before the outbreak began in Wuhan, China, in December
2019.
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ISO 5472:2022(E)
[8]
[SOURCE: WHO, 2020 ]
3.5
disinfection
process to reduce the number of microorganisms, but not usually of bacterial spores, without
necessarily killing or removing all organisms
[SOURCE: ISO 15190:2020, 3.9]
3.6
high efficiency particulate air filter
HEPA filter
retentive matrix having a minimum particle-collection efficiency of 99,97 % (that is, a maximum
particle penetration of 0,03 % for 0,3 µm particles)
[SOURCE: ISO 13408-1:2008, 3.23]
3.7
negative pressure
pressure less than that of the ambient atmosphere
3.8
negative pressure room
room in which the air pressure differential between the room and the adjacent indoor airspace directs
the air flowing into the room (i.e. room air is prevented from leaking out of the room and into adjacent
areas such as the corridor)
[10]
[SOURCE: WHO ]
3.9
negative pressurized medical container
NPMC
portable screening/testing facility that ensures the safety of the healthcare workers and testees by
maximizing ventilation with HEPA filters (3.6), negative pressure (3.7) and managing the direction of
airflow to prevent cross infection during disease testing
[11]
[SOURCE: Kyunggido Screening Station ]
3.10
pandemic
worldwide spread of a disease
[SOURCE: ISO/PAS 45005:2020, 3.5]
3.11
personal protective equipment
PPE
device or appliance designed to be worn or held by an individual for protection against one or more
health and safety hazards
EXAMPLE Clothing, gloves, helmets, footwear, face protection.
[SOURCE: ISO 15384:2018, 3.12, modified — The example has been added.]
3.12
mobile walk-through screening station
mobile WTSS
disinfected single mobile booth, which requires minimized consumption of personal protective
equipment (3.11) and is targeted to provide rapid testing for early detection of viruses and mitigates
cross-infection between healthcare workers and test subjects in a pandemic (3.10)
[9]
[SOURCE: Government of the Republic of Korea ]
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ISO 5472:2022(E)
3.13
suspected case
case that is compatible with the clinical description and has an epidemiological link to a confirmed or
suspected case
[12]
[SOURCE: WHO ]
3.14
walk-through screening station
WTSS
screening station with disinfected, single or multiple, mobile or fixed booths with negative, positive or
an adaptable pressure which enables minimized consumption of personal protective equipment (3.11)
[9]
[SOURCE: Government of the Republic of Korea ]
4 Overview of WTSS
4.1 Fundamental concept
Rapid and safe testing capabilities are an integral part of the fight against an endemic or pandemic. An
infectious agent can be transmitted by direct contact, droplet spread or airborne. Therefore, effective
ways to minimize contact between test subjects and testers are critical.
WTSS have received attention as demand for screening tests has soared while test resources such as
negative pressure tents are limited, and reduction time for disinfection and ventilation after specimen
collection is much sought after. Schematic blueprint of walk-through booth is given in Figure 1.
Healthcare workers in a WTSS do not have to wear personal protective equipment (PPE), as shown in
the benefits listed in Figure 2, as it takes only one or two minutes for each sampling, especially in a
positive-pressure booth.
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ISO 5472:2022(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
l l l l l l
1 2 3 4 5 6
1,150 700 700 2,100 500 2,600
1,250
1,400
Key
A top view 3 frame (made of 1,2 mm thick stainless steel)
B perspective view 4 interphone
1 HEPA filter (99,999 %) 5 sanitary glove hole
2 LED lamp 6 wall (made of 5 mm thick polycarbonate)
3 frame (made of 1,2 mm thick stainless steel)
Figure 1 — Schematic blueprint of walk-through booth (negative pressure booth example)
Figure 2 — Benefits of WTSS
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ISO 5472:2022(E)
4.2 Four types of WTSS
The key principle is to improve the way in which people are tested. There are four types of WTSS:
a) open, applicable to inspection of entrants at any open areas (see Clause 5);
b) negative pressure (see Clause 6);
c) positive pressure (see Clause 7);
d) adaptable pressure (see Clause 8).
5 Open WTSS
5.1 Operational principles
For an asymptomatic case, a diagnostic test is performed in an open-space screening clinic. For a
symptomatic case, a test should be performed in a separate space (i.e. quarantine laboratory, quarantine
facility/room). This type of station uses natural ventilation, so the risk of environmental disinfection is
low. However, it requires sufficient outdoor space, and inspections can be subject to weather conditions.
An example snapshot of an open wal
...
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