ISO/IEC 18000-6:2010
(Main)Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management — Part 6: Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz
Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management — Part 6: Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz
ISO/IEC 18000-6:2010 defines the air interface for radio frequency identification (RFID) devices operating in the 860 MHz to 960 MHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band used in item management applications. It provides a common technical specification for RFID devices that can be used by ISO committees developing RFID application standards. ISO/IEC 18000-6:2010 is intended to allow for compatibility and to encourage inter-operability of products for the growing RFID market in the international marketplace. It defines the forward and return link parameters for technical attributes including, but not limited to, operating frequency, operating channel accuracy, occupied channel bandwidth, maximum effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP), spurious emissions, modulation, duty cycle, data coding, bit rate, bit rate accuracy, bit transmission order, and, where appropriate, operating channels, frequency hop rate, hop sequence, spreading sequence, and chip rate. It further defines the communications protocol used in the air interface. ISO/IEC 18000-6:2010 specifies the physical and logical requirements for a passive-backscatter, Interrogator-Talks-First (ITF) or tag-talks-only-after-listening (TOTAL) RFID system. The system comprises Interrogators, and tags, also known as labels. An Interrogator receives information from a tag by transmitting a continuous-wave (CW) RF signal to the tag; the tag responds by modulating the reflection coefficient of its antenna, thereby backscattering an information signal to the Interrogator. The system is ITF, meaning that a tag modulates its antenna reflection coefficient with an information signal only after being directed to do so by an Interrogator, or TOTAL, meaning that a tag modulates its antenna reflection coefficient with an information signal upon entering an Interrogator's field after first listening for Interrogator modulation in order to determine if the system is ITF or not. In detail, ISO/IEC 18000-6:2010 contains one mode with four types. The detailed technical differences between the four types are shown in the associated parameter tables. Types A, B and C are ITF. Type A uses Pulse-Interval Encoding (PIE) in the forward link and an adaptive ALOHA collision-arbitration algorithm. Type B uses Manchester in the forward link and an adaptive binary-tree collision-arbitration algorithm. Type C uses PIE in the forward link and a random slotted collision-arbitration algorithm. Type D is TOTAL based on Pulse Position Encoding or Miller M=2 encoded subcarrier. ISO/IEC 18000-6:2010 specifies physical interactions (the signalling layer of the communication link) between Interrogators and tags, Interrogator and tag operating procedures and commands, the collision arbitration scheme used to identify a specific tag in a multiple-tag environment.
Technologies de l'information — Identification par radiofréquence (RFID) pour la gestion d'objets — Partie 6: Paramètres de communications d'une interface d'air entre 860 MHz et 960 MHz
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INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 18000-6
Second edition
2010-12-01
Information technology — Radio
frequency identification for item
management —
Part 6:
Parameters for air interface
communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz
Technologies de l'information — Identification par radiofréquence
(RFID) pour la gestion d'objets —
Partie 6: Paramètres de communications d'une interface d'air entre
860 MHz et 960 MHz
Reference number
ISO/IEC 18000-6:2010(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2010
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 18000-6:2010(E)
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ii © ISO/IEC 2010 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC 18000-6:2010(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .xiii
Introduction.xiv
1 Scope.1
2 Conformance .2
2.1 Claiming conformance.2
2.2 Interrogator conformance and obligations.2
2.3 Tag conformance and obligations.2
3 Normative references.3
4 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms .3
4.1 Terms and definitions .3
4.2 Symbols.6
4.3 Abbreviated terms .7
4.4 Notation .10
5 Overview.10
5.1 General .10
5.2 Parameter tables.12
6 Common elements of the physical layer for Types A, B, and D.21
6.1 General .21
6.2 Interrogator power-up waveform .21
6.3 Interrogator power-down.22
6.4 Frequency hopping carrier rise and fall times .23
6.5 FM0 return link.24
6.5.1 FM0 return link general.24
6.5.2 Modulation.24
6.5.3 Data rate .24
6.5.4 Data coding .24
6.5.5 Message format .25
6.5.6 Return preamble .25
6.5.7 Cyclic redundancy check (CRC) .26
7 Type A.28
7.1 Physical layer and data coding.28
7.1.1 PIE (Pulse interval encoding) forward link .28
7.2 Data elements .32
7.2.1 Unique identifier (Tag ID).32
7.2.2 Sub-UID.33
7.2.3 Application family identifier .33
7.2.4 Data storage format identifier (DSFID) .34
7.3 Protocol elements .34
7.3.1 Tag memory organisation.34
7.3.2 Support of battery-assisted tags .34
7.3.3 Block lock status .35
7.3.4 Tag signature .35
7.4 Protocol description.36
7.4.1 Protocol concept .36
7.4.2 Command format.37
7.4.3 Command flags.37
7.4.4 Round size .38
7.4.5 Command code definition and structure .39
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ISO/IEC 18000-6:2010(E)
7.4.6 Command classes .39
7.4.7 Command codes and CRC.40
7.4.8 Response format.43
7.4.9 Tag states .45
7.4.10 Collision arbitration.47
7.4.11 General explanation of the collision arbitration mechanism .47
7.5 Timing specifications .50
7.5.1 Timing specifications general .50
7.5.2 Tag state storage .50
7.5.3 Forward link to return link handover .50
7.5.4 Return link to forward link handover.51
7.5.5 Acknowledgement time window .51
7.6 Command format examples.53
7.7 Mandatory commands.53
7.7.1 Mandatory commands general.53
7.7.2 Next_slot.53
7.7.3 Standby_round.54
7.7.4 Reset_to_ready .56
7.7.5 Init_round_all .56
7.8 Optional commands .59
7.8.1 Optional commands general .59
7.8.2 Init_round .59
7.8.3 Close_slot.60
7.8.4 New_round .61
7.8.5 Select (by SUID) .63
7.8.6 Read_blocks.64
7.8.7 Get_system_information.68
7.8.8 Begin_round.71
7.8.9 Write_single_block .73
7.8.10 Write_multiple_blocks.75
7.8.11 Lock_blocks .77
7.8.12 Write_AFI .79
7.8.13 Lock_AFI.81
7.8.14 Write_DSFID command .83
7.8.15 Lock_DSFID.85
7.8.16 Get_blocks_lock_status.87
7.8.17 Init_Fast_Slots .89
7.9 Custom commands.92
7.10 Proprietary commands.93
8 Type B .93
8.1 Physical layer and data coding .93
8.1.1 Forward link.93
8.1.2 Return link .96
8.1.3 Protocol concept.96
8.1.4 Command format .97
8.1.5 Response format.99
8.1.6 WAIT.99
8.1.7 Examples of a command packet .99
8.1.8 Communication sequences at packet level .100
8.2 Btree protocol and collision arbitration .101
8.2.1 Definition of data elements, bit and byte ordering.101
8.2.2 Tag memory organisation.102
8.2.3 Block security status.103
8.2.4 Overall protocol description, Btree protocol .103
8.2.5 Collision arbitration.108
8.2.6 Commands .110
8.2.7 Command types.110
8.2.8 Transmission errors .137
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ISO/IEC 18000-6:2010(E)
9 Type C.138
9.1 Protocol overview.138
9.1.1 Physical layer.138
9.1.2 Tag-identification layer .138
9.2 Command types and command structure .138
9.2.1 General .138
9.2.2 Mandatory.138
9.2.3 Optional .138
9.2.4 Custom .139
9.2.5 Proprietary .139
9.3 Description of operating procedure .139
9.3.1 Signalling.139
9.3.2 Tag selection, inventory, and access.154
10 Type D.202
10.1 Applicability .202
10.2 Protocol overview.203
10.2.1 General .203
10.2.2 Protocol parameter values .204
10.2.3 Tag arbitration .204
10.2.4 Operating procedure .205
10.2.5 TagMsg .207
10.2.6 CW control.208
10.2.7 Message encoding .208
10.2.8 Symbol modulation .208
10.2.9 Page modulation.208
10.2.10 Interrogator modulation detection.211
10.3 Type D Data.211
10.3.1 General .211
10.3.2 TID.212
10.3.3 Structured data encoding.214
10.3.4 Tag configuration .218
10.4 Encoding and decoding TID-S Tags.218
10.4.1 Encoding rules.218
10.4.2 Decoding rules.219
11 Battery Assisted Passive (BAP) Interrogator Talks First Type C systems (optional).220
11.1 Applicability .220
11.2 General overview, definitions, and requirements of BAP .220
11.3 Battery Assisted Passive inventoried flag and state machine behaviour modifications .222
11.3.1 Modification to ready state and power-down support for BAP Tags.222
11.3.2 Signal loss tolerance via timer (mandatory).222
11.3.3 Modified persistence of BAP PIE inventory flags (optional).225
11.4 Battery Assisted Passive PIE (optional) .227
11.4.1 Flex_Query command (optional) .227
11.4.2 BAP PIE detailed operation including optional Battery Saver Mode .228
11.5 Manchester mode Battery Assisted operation protocol extensions .235
11.5.1 Introduction.235
11.5.2 Physical layer.236
11.5.3 Manchester Activation .241
11.5.4 Commands summary.257
11.6 Extended Protocol Control and Battery Tag Capabilities Reporting and Setting .271
11.6.1 General .271
11.6.2 Extended Protocol Control definition.272
11.6.3 Battery Assisted Passive Tag Capability Reporting, Setting, and duty cycle/mode control
(optional) .274
12 Sensor support .303
12.1 Applicability .303
12.2 Overview.303
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ISO/IEC 18000-6:2010(E)
12.3 Real Time Clock (RTC) .304
12.3.1 General.304
12.3.2 Setting the RTC.304
12.3.3 BroadcastSync command (optional, for Type C) .305
12.3.4 Time synchronisation.306
12.4 HandleSensor command (optional, for Type C) .307
12.5 Simple Sensor.308
12.5.1 Type C and Simple Sensor .308
12.5.2 Type D and Simple Sensor .310
12.6 Sensor Directory System and Full Function Sensors.310
12.6.1 Sensor Access – General Approach.310
Annex A (informative) Calculation of 5-bit and 16-bit cyclic redundancy checks for
ISO/IEC 18000-6 Type A, Type B, Type C, and Type D.317
A.1 Example CRC-5 encoder/decoder.317
A.2 Example CRC-16 encoder/decoder.317
A.3 Example CRC-16 calculations .318
Annex B (normative) Memory mapping for ISO/IEC 18000-6 Type B.322
B.1 Unique identifier (normative).322
B.1.1 Unique identifier general.322
B.1.2 Unique identifier format .322
B.1.3 Unique identifier according to ANSI 256 .
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 18000-6
Second edition
2010-12-01
Information technology — Radio
frequency identification for item
management —
Part 6:
Parameters for air interface
communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz
Technologies de l'information — Identification par radiofréquence
(RFID) pour la gestion d'objets —
Partie 6: Paramètres de communications d'une interface d'air entre
860 MHz et 960 MHz
Reference number
ISO/IEC 18000-6:2010(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2010
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 18000-6:2010(E)
PDF disclaimer
PDF files may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, such files may be printed or viewed but shall
not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading a PDF file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create the PDF file(s) constituting this document can be found in the General Info relative to
the file(s); the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the files are suitable for
use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to them is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the
address given below.
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be viewed using Adobe® Acrobat® Reader.
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This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 18000-6:2004), which has been technically
revised. It also incorporates the Amendment ISO/IEC 18000-6:2004/Amd.1:2006.
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