ISO/IEC 29143:2011

Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture techniques — Air interface specification for Mobile RFID interrogators

ISO/IEC 29143:2011 provides an air interface specification for Mobile radio frequency identification (RFID) interrogators being part of a passive backscatter system. This system comprises one or more mobile interrogators, also known as Mobile RFID interrogators, and an undefined number of tags, also known as labels. Interrogators are not required to support channel sensing, i.e. do not need to implement Listen Before Talk (LBT), and transmit commands on the off chance under the risk of colliding with one or more peer-interrogators. Moreover, interrogators compliant to ISO/IEC 29143:2011 are not obliged to synchronize by any means (wired or wireless), i.e. no control channel dedicated to coordinating Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is provided. Tags are powered by the RF signal provided by the interrogator and respond to an interrogator by modulating the reflection coefficient of its antenna, thereby backscattering data to the interrogator. The working mode adopted by the tags is purely passive, i.e. tags do not actively initiate any kind of RF communication. In ISO/IEC 29143:2011, collision arbitration and collision avoidance for Mobile RFID applications are defined by specifying methods aimed at mitigating the impact of emerging collisions and mechanisms used to avoid follow-up collisions. ISO/IEC 29143:2011 applies to Mobile RFID interrogator devices used to inventory passive or semi-passive backscatter tags at 860 MHz to 960 MHz in a mobile (non-fixed) application independent from specific communication details, i.e. modulation technique and command set. Furthermore, the scope of ISO/IEC 29143:2011 is mobile consumer applications, whereas mobile enterprise applications are not covered as long as operating in a closed environment. An operating environment is considered to be closed if it belongs to a central administrative authority able to guarantee for sufficient isolation, i.e. preventing mobile enterprise interrogator devices from being used outside the dedicated operating environment, and if sufficient spatial separation and/or electromagnetic shielding from adjacent operating environments is provided. An application is considered a consumer application if at least one of two interacting entities is a private individual (consumer) and the interaction is taking place in the public domain. Consequently, a Mobile RFID consumer application is defined as Mobile RFID equipment (e.g. mobile phones equipped with an RFID interrogator) being used in a consumer application. NOTE As there is currently no active contribution on Mobile HF interrogators, ISO/IEC 29143:2011 covers only UHF. ISO/IEC 29143:2011 specifies Mobile RFID interrogator media access control, interrogator to interrogator and multiple interrogator to tag collision arbitration scheme including interrogator requirements, interrogator to interrogator and multiple interrogator to tag collision avoidance scheme, and tag memory use for Mobile RFID applications. ISO/IEC 29143:2011 does not specify physical interactions (the signaling layer of the communication link) between interrogators and tags, interrogator and tag operating procedures and commands, and the collision arbitration algorithm used to singulate (separate to the current response slot) a specific tag in a multiple-tag environment. In particular, ISO/IEC 29143:2011 does not replace any existing RFID air interface specification issued by ISO/IEC but extends the existing methodologies for fixed RFID interrogators with mechanisms addressing the special challenges of Mobile RFID. The concepts and mechanisms described in ISO/IEC 29143:2011 can be integrated in any existing RFID protocol approved by ISO/IEC for the given frequency range of 860 MHz to 960 MHz (unless explicitly prohibited by such protocol) regardless of the actual command set. The mechanisms defined by ISO/IEC 29143:2011 can be used for Mobile RFID interrogators used in consumer applications and compliant to ISO/IEC 18000-6

Technologies de l'information — Techniques d'identification et de captage automatiques des données — Spécification d'interface d'air pour interrogateurs Mobile RFID

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jan-2011
• ICS: 35.040 - Information coding
• ICS: 35.040.50 - Automatic identification and data capture techniques
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31 - Automatic identification and data capture techniques
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4 - Radio communications
• Current Stage: 9093 - International Standard confirmed
• Start Date: 15-Dec-2022
• Completion Date: 19-Apr-2025

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 29143
First edition
2011-02-01
Information technology — Automatic
identification and data capture
techniques — Air interface specification
for Mobile RFID interrogators
Technologies de l'information — Techniques d'identification et de
captage automatiques des données — Spécification d'interface d'air
pour interrogateurs Mobile RFID

Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2011
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

©  ISO/IEC 2011
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2011 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Conformance .2
3 Normative references.2
4 Terms, definitions, symbols, abbreviated terms, and notation.3
4.1 Terms and definitions .3
4.2 Symbols.5
4.3 Abbreviated terms.5
4.4 Notation .5
5 Overview.6
6 Transmitter.6
6.1 Introduction.6
6.2 Mobile UHF Transmitter.6
7 Media Access Method.10
7.1 General Approach .10
7.2 Collision Detection.10
7.3 Command Retransmission (Mandatory) .17
7.4 Random Wait Time (Mandatory) .19
7.5 Practical Implementation.22
8 Tag Memory .22
8.1 General .22
8.2 Data Structures Dedicated to Mobile RFID .22
8.3 Data Exchange between Interrogator and Tag.24
9 Extended Command Set .25
9.1 Overview.25
9.2 Flex_Query(optional).25
Annex A (informative) Communication Collisions .28
Annex B (informative) Pseudo-Code Notation of the Collision Resolution Algorithm.30
Annex C (informative) Example: Random Wait Time Adaptation .32
Annex D (informative) Random Wait Time Application Examples.34
Annex E (informative) Mobile RFID Application Family Identifier.36
Annex F (informative) Examples of Minimum and Maximum Wait Time Definition .40
Bibliography.42

© ISO/IEC 2011 – All rights reserved iii

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
ISO/IEC 29143 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques.
iv © ISO/IEC 2011 – All rights reserved

Introduction
This International Standard provides an air interface specification for Mobile radio frequency identification
(RFID) interrogators that are part of a passive backscatter system. This system comprises one or more mobile
interrogators, also known as Mobile RFID interrogators, and an undefined number of tags, also known as
labels.
Interrogators are not required to support channel sensing, i.e. do not need to implement Listen Before Talk
(LBT), and transmit commands on the off chance under the risk of colliding with one or more peer-
interrogators. Moreover, interrogators compliant to this International Standard are not obliged to synchronize
by any means (wired or wireless), i.e. no control channel dedicated to coordinating Time Division Multiplexing
(TDM) is provided.
Tags are powered by the RF signal provided by the interrogator and respond to an interrogator by modulating
the reflection coefficient of its antenna, thereby backscattering data to the interrogator. The working mode
adopted by the tags is purely passive, i.e. tags do not actively initiate any kind of RF communication.
In this International Standard, collision arbitration and collision avoidance for Mobile RFID applications are
defined by specifying methods aimed at mitigating the impact of emerging collisions and mechanisms used to
avoid follow-up collisions.
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
draw attention to the fact that it is claimed that compliance with this document may involve the use of patents
concerning radio-frequency identification technology given in the clauses identified below.
ISO and IEC take no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of these patent rights.
The holders of these patent rights have assured ISO and IEC that they are willing to negotiate licences under
reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with applicants throughout the world. In this respect,
the statements of the holders of these patent rights are registered with ISO and IEC.
© ISO/IEC 2011 – All rights reserved v

Information on the declared patents may be obtained from:
Contact details
Patent Holder:
Legal Name CISC Semiconductor Design+Consulting GmbH
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Markus Pistauer, CEO
Address Lakeside B07
Address 9020 Klagenfurt, Austria
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
E-mail [e-mail]
URL (optional) www.cisc.at
Patent holder:
ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute)
Contact for license application:
Name & Department: Gilwon Kim, Intellectual Property Management Team
Address: 138 Gajeongno, Yuseong-gu
Address: Daejeon, 305-700, Korea
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
E-mail [e-mail]
URL (optional) www.etri.re.kr

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights other than those identified above. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
The latest information on intellectual property that may be applicable to this International Standard can be
found at www.iso.org/patents.
vi © ISO/IEC 2011 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 29143:2011(E)

Information technology — Automatic identification and data
capture techniques — Air interface specification for Mobile
RFID interrogators
1 Scope
This International Standard applies to Mobile radio frequency identification (RFID) interrogator devices used to
inventory passive or semi-passive backscatter tags at 860 MHz to 960 MHz in a mobile (non-fixed) application
independent from specific communication details, i.e. modulation technique and command set.
Furthermore, the scope of this International Standard is mobile consumer applications, whereas mobile
enterprise applications are not covered as long as operating in a closed environment.
An operating environment is considered to be closed if it belongs to a central administrative authority able to
guarantee for sufficient isolation, i.e. preventing mobile enterprise interrogator devices from being used
outside the dedicated operating environment, and if sufficient spatial separation and/or electromagnetic
shielding from adjacent operating environments is provided.
An application is considered a consumer application if at least one of two interacting entities is a private
individual (consumer) and the interaction is taking place in the public domain. Consequently, a Mobile RFID
consumer application is defined as Mobile RFID equipment (e.g. mobile phones equipped with an RFID
interrogator) being used in a consumer application.
NOTE As there is currently no active contribution on Mobile HF interrogators, this International Standard covers only
UHF.
This International Standard specifies
⎯ Mobile RFID interrogator media access control,
⎯ interrogator to interrogator and multiple interrogator to tag collision arbitration scheme including
interrogator requirements,
⎯ interrogator to interrogator and multiple interrogator to tag collision avoidance scheme, and
⎯ tag memory use for Mobile RFID applications.
This International Standard does not specify
⎯ physical interactions (the signaling layer of the communication link) between interrogators and tags,
⎯ interrogator and tag operating procedures and commands, and
⎯ the collision arbitration algorithm used to singulate (separate to the current response slot) a specific tag in
a multiple-tag environment.
NOTE These aspects are addressed by other International Standards.
In particular, this International Standard does not replace any existing RFID air interface specification issued
by ISO/IEC but extends the existing methodologies for fixed RFID interrogators with mechanisms addressing
© ISO/IEC 2011 – All rights reserved 1

the special challenges of Mobile RFID. The concepts and mechanisms described in this International
Standard can be integrated in any exi
...