ISO 22901-1:2008

Road vehicles — Open diagnostic data exchange (ODX) — Part 1: Data model specification

ISO 22901-1:2008 specifies the concept of using a new industry standard diagnostic format to make diagnostic data stream information available to diagnostic tool application manufacturers, in order to simplify the support of the aftermarket automotive service industry. The Open Diagnostic Data Exchange (ODX) modelled diagnostic data are compatible with the software requirements of the Modular Vehicle Communication Interface (MVCI), as specified in ISO 22900-2 and ISO 22900-3. The ODX modelled diagnostic data will enable an MVCI device to communicate with the vehicle Electronic Control Unit(s) (ECU) and interpret the diagnostic data contained in the messages exchanged between the external test equipment and the ECU(s). For ODX compliant external test equipment, no software programming is necessary to convert diagnostic data into technician readable information to be displayed by the tester. The ODX specification contains the data model to describe all diagnostic data of a vehicle and physical ECU, e.g. diagnostic trouble codes, data parameters, identification data, input/output parameters, ECU configuration (variant coding) data and communication parameters. ODX is described in Unified Modelling Language (UML) diagrams and the data exchange format uses Extensible Mark-up Language (XML). The ODX modelled diagnostic data describe: protocol specification for diagnostic communication of ECUs; communication parameters for different protocols and data link layers and for ECU software; ECU programming data (Flash); related vehicle interface description (connectors and pinout); functional description of diagnostic capabilities of a network of ECUs; ECU configuration data (variant coding). The purpose of ISO 22901-1:2008 is to ensure that diagnostic data from any vehicle manufacturer is independent of the testing hardware and protocol software supplied by any test equipment manufacturer.

Véhicules routiers — Échange de données de diagnostic ouvert (ODX) — Partie 1: Spécification de modèle de données

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 05-Nov-2008
• ICS: 43.180 - Diagnostic, maintenance and test equipment
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 31 - Data communication
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 31/WG 5 - Test equipment/Data eXchange Formats
• Current Stage: 9093 - International Standard confirmed
• Start Date: 02-Jul-2025
• Completion Date: 05-Jul-2025

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22901-1
First edition
2008-11-15
Road vehicles — Open diagnostic data
exchange (ODX) —
Part 1:
Data model specification
Véhicules routiers — Échange de données de diagnostic ouvert
(ODX) —
Partie 1: Spécification de modèle de données

Reference number
©
ISO 2008
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22901-1
First edition
2008-11-15
Road vehicles — Open diagnostic data
exchange (ODX) —
Part 1:
Data model specification
Véhicules routiers — Échange de données de diagnostic ouvert
(ODX) —
Partie 1: Spécification de modèle de données

Reference number
©
ISO 2008
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

©  ISO 2008
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ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction.vi
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Abbreviated terms .2
4 ODX use cases.3
4.1 General .3
4.2 Use case 1: ODX process chain.3
4.3 Use case 2: Cross vehicle platform ECU diagnostic development.4
4.4 Use case 3: Franchise and aftermarket service dealership diagnostic tool support.5
4.5 Architecture of a Modular VCI compliant D-server .6
4.6 ODX benefit examples.6
5 Specification release version information.8
5.1 Specification release version location .8
5.2 Specification release version.8
6 Introduction to and use of Unified Modelling Language (UML).8
6.1 General aspects.8
6.2 Class diagrams .8
6.3 Mapping to XML.12
7 ODX data model.14
7.1 General modelling principles .14
7.2 ODX package .26
7.3 ODX data model for diagnostics.29
7.4 Usage scenarios (diagnostic).183
7.5 ODX data model for ECU memory programming.229
7.6 ECU programming usage scenarios (flash).253
7.7 ECU variant coding usage scenarios .265
7.8 ODX data model for ECU configuration .266
7.9 Function dictionary .276
8 Data model implementation in XML.287
8.1 Classifier.287
8.2 Relationships .295
9 Packaged ODX data (PDX).304
9.1 Overview.304
9.2 Structure of PDX package .305
9.3 Usage scenarios .308
Annex A (normative) Enumerations and pre-defined values .315
Annex B (normative) ODX checker rules.326
Annex C (normative) XML schema.345
Annex D (informative) User-defined formats for flashdata.420
Annex E (informative) Coherent examples for diagnostic services .424
Annex F (informative) ECU-MEM example.464
Annex G (informative) Session security example.472
Bibliography .485

iv © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 22901-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 3,
Electrical and electronic equipment.
ISO 22901 consists of the following parts, under the general title Road vehicles — Open diagnostic data
exchange (ODX):
⎯ Part 1: Data model specification
The following parts are under preparation:
⎯ Part 2: Emissions-related diagnostic data
Introduction
The purpose of this part of ISO 22901 is to define the data format for transferring Electronic Control Unit
(ECU) diagnostic and programming data between the system supplier, vehicle manufacturer and service
dealerships and diagnostic tools of different vendors.
In today's automotive industry, an informal description is generally used to document the diagnostic data
stream information of vehicle ECUs. Any user wishing to use the ECU diagnostic data stream documentation
to set up development tools or service diagnostic test equipment needs a manual transformation of this
documentation into a format readable by these tools. This effort will no longer be required if the diagnostic
data stream information is provided in Open Diagnostic Data Exchange (ODX) format and if those tools
support the ODX format.
This part of ISO 22901 includes the data model definition of ECU diagnostic and programming data and the
related vehicle interface description in Unified Modelling Language (UML). This part of ISO 22901 also
includes an implementation by Extensible Mark-up Language (XML) schema in Annex C.
vi © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22901-1:2008(E)

Road vehicles — Open diagnostic data exchange (ODX) —
Part 1:
Data model specification
1 Scope
This part of ISO 22901 specifies the concept of using a new industry standard diagnostic format to make
diagnostic data stream information available to diagnostic tool application manufacturers, in order to simplify
the support of the aftermarket automotive service industry. The Open Diagnostic Data Exchange (ODX)
modelled diagnostic data are compatible with the software requirements of the Modular Vehicle
Communication Interface (MVCI), as specified in ISO 22900-2 and ISO 22900-3. The ODX modelled
diagnostic data will enable an MVCI device to communicate with the vehicle Electronic Control Unit(s) (ECU)
and interpret the diagnostic data contained in the messages exchanged between the external test equipment
and the ECU(s). For ODX compliant external test equipment, no software programming is necessary to
convert diagnostic data into technician readable information to be displayed by the tester.
The ODX specification contains the data model to describe all diagnostic data of a vehicle and physical ECU,
e.g. diagnostic trouble codes, data parameters, identification data, input/output parameters, ECU configuration
(variant coding) data and communication parameters. ODX is described in Unified Modelling Language (UML)
diagrams and the data exchange format uses Extensible Mark-up Language (XML).
The ODX modelled diagnostic data describe:
⎯ protocol specification for diagnostic communication of ECUs;
⎯ communication parameters for different protocols and data link layers and for ECU software;
⎯ ECU programming data (Flash);
⎯ related vehicle interface description (connectors and pinout);
⎯ functional description of diagnostic capabilities of a network of ECUs;
⎯ ECU configuration data (variant coding).
Figure 1 shows the usage of ODX in the ECU life cycle.
The purpose of this part of ISO 22901 is to ensure that diagnostic data from any vehicle manufacturer is
independent of the testing hardware and protocol software supplied by any test equipment manufacturer.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 8601, Data elements and interchange formats — Information interchange — Representation of dates and
times
ISO/IEC 8859-1, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 1: Latin
alphabet No. 1
ISO/IEC 8859-2, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 2: Latin
alphabet No. 2
ISO/IEC 10646, Information technology — Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS)
ISO 22900-2, Road vehicles — Modular vehicle communication interface (MVCI) — Part 2: Diagnostic
protocol data unit application programming interface (D-PDU API)
ISO 22900-3, Road vehicles — Modular vehicle communication interface (MVCI) — Part 3: Diagnostic server
application programming interface (D-Server API)
IEEE 754, Binary floating-point arithmetic
XML Schema — 2, XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes, 2n
...