ISO 11822:1996

Information and documentation - Extension of the Arabic alphabet coded character set for bibliographic information interchange

Specifies a set of 90 graphic characters. Consists of a code table and a legend with explanatory notes containing character codes, graphics and character names. The character set is primarily intended for the interchange of information among data processing systems and within message transmission systems. The sets may be used in a 7-bit or an 8-bit environment in accordance with ISO/IEC 2022.

Information et documentation — Extension du jeu de caractères codés de l'alphabet arabe pour les échanges d'informations bibliographiques

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 25-Dec-1996
• ICS: 35.040 - Information coding
• ICS: 35.040.10 - Coding of character sets
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2 - Coded character sets
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2 - Coded character sets
• Current Stage: 9093 - International Standard confirmed
• Start Date: 27-Aug-2020
• Completion Date: 13-Dec-2025

Overview

ISO 11822:1996 - "Information and documentation - Extension of the Arabic alphabet coded character set for bibliographic information interchange" defines an extended Arabic alphabet coded character set intended specifically for bibliographic information interchange. The standard specifies a set of 90 graphic characters, presented as a code table and a legend with character codes, graphics and character names. It is designed for interchange among data processing systems and message transmission systems and may be used in 7-bit or 8-bit environments in accordance with ISO/IEC 2022.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Character repertoire: Adds 90 Arabic-script characters to complement the base set in ISO 9036, covering additional letters and vowel marks used across many languages.
• Code table and legend: Provides a table mapping code positions to graphic symbols and names; includes explanatory notes for usage.
• 7-bit / 8-bit use: The set can be implemented in 7-bit or 8-bit contexts following ISO/IEC 2022 extension techniques; identification is by an escape sequence (to be assigned).
• Language coverage: Intended to support bibliographic data in languages using Arabic script such as Arabic, Farsi, Urdu, Sindhi, Kurdish, Uighur, Kashmiri, Pushto, Berber, Hausa, Malay, and others listed in the standard.
• Presentation forms: Graphics are given in isolated form only - initial, medial, final forms and ligatures are explicitly out of scope.
• Non-spacing marks: Includes non-spacing vowel marks (notably positions 7D and 7E) used in Urdu; these are input before the characters they modify.
• Implementation notes: Implementation details for physical media, transmission and error checking are referenced to other standards (annex B and normative references).

Practical applications

• Library and bibliographic systems exchanging multilingual citations and annotations where extended Arabic-script letters are required.
• Cataloguing, metadata exchange and serials/bibliography interchange between library systems and national bibliographic agencies.
• Software vendors and implementers building character encoding libraries, transliteration tools or message gateways that must support extended Arabic characters in legacy 7-bit/8-bit environments.
• Archives, publishers and information centers that need standardized character codes for reliable data interchange and long-term data preservation.

Who should use it

• Librarians, cataloguers and bibliographic data managers
• Software developers and systems integrators working on library management systems, metadata exchange and character encoding support
• Standards bodies and implementers of multilingual encoding (in conjunction with ISO/IEC 2022, ISO 9036 and ISO/IEC 10646)

Related standards

• ISO/IEC 2022 - Character code structure and extension techniques (normative reference)
• ISO 9036:1987 - Basic Arabic 7-bit coded character set for information interchange (base set referenced)
• ISO/IEC 10646-1 - Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (related multilingual encoding architecture)
• Bibliographic implementation references in the standard’s annex (e.g., ISO 962, ISO 1155, ISO 1177, ISO 1745)

Keywords: ISO 11822:1996, Arabic alphabet coded character set, bibliographic information interchange, ISO/IEC 2022, ISO 9036, 7-bit 8-bit, Arabic script encoding, bibliographic data.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
First edition
1996-l 2-l 5
Information and documentation -
Extension of the Arabic alphabet coded
character set for bibliographic information
interchange
information et documentation - Extension du jeu de caract&es cod& de
/‘alphabet arabe pour /es &changes d’informations bibliographiques
Reference number
IS0 11822:1996(E)
IS0 11822:1996(E)
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of
preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard IS0 11822 was prepared by Technical Committee
lnforma tion and documen ta bon, Subcommittee SC 4,
ISO/TC 46,
Computer applications in information and documentation.
Annexes A and B of this International Standard are for information only.
0 IS0 1996
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be
reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-1211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
ii
~~
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD @ IS0 IS0 11822:1996(E)
Information and documentation - Extension of the Arabic
alphabet coded character set for bibliographic information
interchange
1 Scope
%.I This International Standard specifies a set of 90 graphic characters with their coded representations. It
consists of a code table and a legend showing character codes, graphics and character names. Explanatory notes
are also included. The character set is primarily intended for the interchange of information among data processing
systems and within message transmission systems.
1.2 These characters, together with characters in the international reference version of IS0 9036, constitute a
character set for the international interchange of bibliographic citations, including their annotations, in the Arabic
script. The sets may be used in a 7-bit or an 8-bit environment in accordance with lSO/IEC 2022.
1.3 This character set, with characters from IS0 9036 (see annex A), is intended for information in the following
languages:
Adig he Farsi Malay
Mopla h
Arabic Hausa
Avaric Kashmiri Pushto
Baluchi Kirg hiz Sindhi
Turkish
Berber Kurdish
Coptic Lahnda Uighur
Dargwa Urdu
Lak
1.4 The graphic representation of characters defined in this International Standard are given in their isolated forms
only. Initial, medial, and final forms, as well as special presentation forms which occur in ligatures are not within the
scope of this International Standard.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this
International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to
revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO/I EC 2022: 1994, Information technology - Character code structure and extension techniques.
IS0 9036: 1987, Information processing - Arabic T-bit coded character set for information interchange.
International register of character sets to be identified by means of escape sequences. 1)
1) Available on application to the Secretariat of the Registration Authority: ECMA, 114 rue du RhGne, CH-1204 Gengve,
Switzerland.
IS0 11822:1996(E) @ IS0
3 Implementation
3.1 The implementation of this coded character set in physical media and for transmission, taking into account
the need for error checking, is the subject of other International Standards (see annex B).
3.2 The implementation of this International Standard is in accordance with the provisions of lSO/IEC 2022 2) and
is identified by an escape sequence. (To be assigned.)
3.3 The unassigned positions in the code table shall not be utilized in the international interchange of bibliographic
information.
2) GO: ESC Z/8 F; Gl: ESC Z/9 F; G2: ESC 2/l 0 F; G3: ESC 2/l 1 F (“F” represents the final character of the escape sequence).
@ IS0
IS0 11822:1996(E)
4 Code table for extended Arabic coded characters
Table 1 is the code table for extended Arabic coded characters.
Table 1
b 7 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
I
b 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
b 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
. .
‘_‘.
. . . . . . .
‘. _‘_‘_‘_,.,. 1’. . . . .
:::: .‘.‘_‘_‘_‘_‘.’ .‘.’
;_
: .‘.
.:._ :: ‘.‘.‘.’ :_:_:_
‘_ :. : ‘. :.
S
j& E
::.:. : .: _‘, :‘. : L
J
1 1 0 1 ::: ‘_ _:_:,:.:,:: ~,~.~.~.‘.‘.~.‘.~.‘_‘.‘.~.‘.‘.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
DI. :. :: t l :
‘_‘_ :::_ ;:;: ~,‘.‘_~.‘.‘.~.’ ‘.’
:. .:.:. :::: ‘_‘:: ::
__.:_ .I, 1.1: ._.,.;: ;,.,
‘_ :
:. :
‘:: :,._. __.; 1.: .:.:.:.: :.‘:::::,,‘::.,. ,., ,.;_.
~::. ‘.‘. .‘.‘.I ,. ::.
:. ::.:.:.
0 I E l.~~~~~~~~~~~:~~~~~~~i~~~~~:~~~~~~-~~i:--: c 2 e s 6 fi
1 1
::::.::: : ._:._.:_:
I I I I _’ ‘.‘_‘_~.~.‘.~.‘. .
I I I I
14. A ,
:::
‘.:.I.’
. .
t I I I I
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 F 1 :-ii::‘I:il:ii;:iii:i:-lii:-:--i:l;:i:-:lli’ c d 6 & a ~~~~~~~~~
.,.,.,.,._.,.,.,.,.,.,. ::
‘_‘_ _‘_‘_ : h . . . . . . . :
Reserved for future standardization
IS0 11822:1996(E)
5 Legend
Table 2 gives the code, graphic and name of each character and comments on usage when needed.
Table 2
Comments
Code Graphic Name
21 ii ARABIC LETTER DOUBLE ALEF WITH HAMZAH ABOVE Sindhi ampersand
P
22 1 ARABIC LETTER ALEF WITH WAVY HAMZAH ABOVE Used in Baluchi
23 ARABIC LETTER AUF WITH WAVY HAMZAH BELOW Used in Baluchi
J
24 ARABIC LETTER TTEH Used in Urdu
.
u
25 ARABIC LETTER TTEHEH Used in Sindhi
26 ARABIC LETTER BEEH Used in Sindhi
:
27 ARABlC LETTER TEH WITH RING Used in Pushto
i;l
.‘:,
28 ARABIC LETTER TEH WITH THREE DOTS ABOVE DOWNWARD Used in Sindhi
u
ARABIC LETTER PEH Used in Farsi, etc.
0.0
&
2A ARABIC LETTER TEHEH Used in Sindhi
2B ARABIC LETTER BEHEH Used in Sindhi
::
2c ARABIC LETTER HAH WITH HAMZAH ABOVE Used in Pushto
c
:
2D ARABIC LETTER HAH WITH TWO DOTS VERTICAL ABOVE Used in Pushto
2E . . ARABIC LETTER NYEH Used in Sindhi
c
2F ARABIC LETTER DYEH Used in Sindhi
:
c
.‘.
30 ARABIC LETTER HAH WITH THREE DOTS ABOVE Used in Pushto
c
. .
31 ARABIC LETTER TCHEH Used in Farsi, etc.
.
c
.
. .
32 ARABIC LETTER TCHEH WITH DOT ABOVE Used in Kurdish
.
c
33 :: ARABIC LETTER TCHEHEH Used in Sindhi
c
f
34 ARABIC LETTER DDAL Used in Urdu
35 ARABIC LETTER DAL WITH RING Used in Pushto
36 2 ARABIC LETTER DAL WITH DOT BELOW Used in Sindhi
ARABIC LETTER DAL WITH DOT BE
...