SIST EN ISO 9227:2023

Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray tests (ISO 9227:2022)

This document specifies the apparatus, the reagents and the procedure to be used in conducting the
neutral salt spray (NSS), acetic acid salt spray (AASS) and copper-accelerated acetic acid salt spray
(CASS) tests for assessment of the corrosion resistance of metallic materials, with or without permanent
or temporary corrosion protection.
It also describes the method employed to evaluate the corrosivity of the test cabinet environment.
It does not specify the dimensions or types of test specimens, the exposure period to be used for a
particular product, or the interpretation of results. Such details are provided in the appropriate product
specifications.
The salt spray tests are particularly useful for detecting discontinuities, such as pores and other defects,
in certain metallic, organic, anodic oxide and conversion coatings.
The NSS test is particularly applicable to:
— metals and their alloys;
— metallic coatings (anodic and cathodic);
— conversion coatings;
— anodic oxide coatings;
— organic coatings on metallic materials.
The AASS test is especially useful for testing decorative coatings of copper + nickel + chromium, or
nickel + chromium. It has also been found suitable for testing anodic and organic coatings on aluminium.
The CASS test is useful for testing decorative coatings of copper + nickel + chromium, or nickel +
chromium. It has also been found suitable for testing anodic and organic coatings on aluminium.
The salt spray methods are all suitable for checking that the quality of a metallic material, with or
without corrosion protection, is maintained. They are not intended to be used for comparative testing
as a means of ranking different materials relative to each other with respect to corrosion resistance or
as means of predicting long-term corrosion resistance of the tested material.

Korrosionsprüfungen in künstlichen Atmosphären - Salzsprühnebelprüfungen (ISO 9227:2022)

Dieses Dokument legt die Prüfeinrichtung, die Reagenzien und das anzuwendende Verfahren bei der Durchführung der Prüfungen mit neutralen Salzsprühnebel (NSS, en: neutral salt spray), Essigsäure-Salzsprühnebel (AASS, en: acetic acid salt spray) und kupferbeschleunigtem Essigsäure-Salzsprühnebel (CASS, en: copper-accelerated acetic acid salt spray) zum Beurteilen der Korrosionsbeständigkeit von metallischen Materialien mit oder ohne dauerhaftem oder temporärem Korrosionsschutz fest.
Dieses Dokument beschreibt auch das Verfahren, welches angewendet wird, um die Korrosivität in der Prüfkammer zu bewerten.
Dieses Dokument legt nicht die Maße oder Arten der Prüfproben, die für ein bestimmtes Produkt anzu-wendende Dauer der Beanspruchung oder die Auswertung der Ergebnisse fest. Solche Einzelheiten werden in den entsprechenden Produktspezifikationen angegeben.
Die Salzsprühnebelprüfungen sind besonders nützlich zum Nachweis von Schwachstellen, wie Poren und anderen Schäden, in bestimmten metallischen Überzügen und organischen Beschichtungen sowie anodischen Oxid¬schichten und Umwandlungsschichten.
Die NSS-Prüfung ist insbesondere anwendbar für:
   Metalle und deren Legierungen;
   (anodisch oder kathodisch wirksame) Beschichtungen;
   Umwandlungsschichten;
   anodische Oxidschichten;
   organische Beschichtungen auf metallischen Materialien.
Die AASS-Prüfung ist besonders nützlich zum Prüfen dekorativer Überzüge aus Kupfer + Nickel + Chrom oder Nickel + Chrom. Sie wurde auch zum Prüfen anodischer und organischer Schichten auf Aluminium als geeignet befunden.
Die CASS-Prüfung ist besonders nützlich zum Prüfen dekorativer Überzüge aus Kupfer + Nickel + Chrom oder Nickel + Chrom. Sie eignet sich auch zum Prüfen anodischer und organischer Schichten auf Aluminium.
Die Salzsprühnebelverfahren sind alle geeignet zum Prüfen, ob die Qualität eines metallischen Materials, mit oder ohne Korrosionsschutz, erhalten bleibt. Sie sind nicht als Vergleichsprüfung gedacht, um unterschiedliche Materialien nach ihrer Korrosionsbeständigkeit einzustufen oder um die Langzeitkorrosionsbeständigkeit des geprüften Materials vorherzusagen.

Essais de corrosion en atmosphères artificielles - Essais aux brouillards salins (ISO 9227:2022)

Le présent document spécifie l’appareillage, les réactifs et le mode opératoire à utiliser lors de la réalisation de l’essai au brouillard salin neutre (NSS), de l’essai au brouillard salin acétique (AASS) et de l’essai accéléré au brouillard salin cupro‑acétique (CASS) destinés à évaluer la résistance à la corrosion de matériaux métalliques, avec ou sans revêtement de protection contre la corrosion, temporaire ou permanent.
Il décrit également la méthode à appliquer pour évaluer la corrosivité du milieu de la chambre d’essai.
Il ne spécifie pas les dimensions ou types des éprouvettes d’essai, le temps durant lequel exposer un produit particulier ni l’interprétation des résultats. Ces détails sont fournis dans les spécifications des produits correspondantes.
Les essais au brouillard salin sont particulièrement utiles pour détecter les discontinuités du type pores ou autres défauts de certains revêtements métalliques, organiques, d’oxydes anodiques ou de couches de conversion.
L’essai NSS s’applique particulièrement:
—    aux métaux et à leurs alliages;
—    aux revêtements métalliques (anodiques et cathodiques);
—    aux couches de conversion;
—    aux revêtements d’oxydes anodiques;
—    aux revêtements organiques sur matériaux métalliques.
L’essai AASS est particulièrement utile pour évaluer les revêtements décoratifs de cuivre + nickel + chrome ou de nickel + chrome. Il s’est également révélé utile pour évaluer des revêtements anodiques et organiques sur l’aluminium.
L’essai CASS est utile pour évaluer les revêtements décoratifs de cuivre + nickel + chrome ou de nickel + chrome. Il s’est également révélé utile pour évaluer des revêtements anodiques et organiques sur l’aluminium.
Les méthodes au brouillard salin conviennent toutes pour vérifier que la qualité d’un matériau métallique, avec ou sans revêtement protecteur contre la corrosion, est maintenue. Il n’est pas recommandé de les utiliser pour des essais comparatifs en vue de classer les différents matériaux les uns par rapport aux autres vis‑à‑vis de la résistance à la corrosion ou comme moyen de prédire la résistance à la corrosion à long terme du matériau soumis à essai.

Korozijski preskusi v umetnih atmosferah - Korozijski preskusi v slani komori (ISO 9227:2022)

Ta dokument določa naprave, reagente in postopek, namenjene za izvajanje preskusov z nevtralno slano meglico (NSS), slano meglico z ocetno kislino (AASS) in preskusov s slano meglico z ocetno kislino, pospešenih z bakrom (CASS) za oceno korozijske odpornosti kovinskih materialov s trajno ali začasno protikorozijsko zaščito ali brez nje. Opisuje tudi metodo za vrednotenje korozivnosti v okolju preskusne komore. Ne določa dimenzij ali vrst preskušancev, časa izpostavljenosti za določen proizvod ali razlage rezultatov. Te podrobnosti so navedene v ustreznih specifikacijah proizvodov. Preskusi s slano meglico so še posebej uporabni za zaznavanje nepravilnosti, kot so pore in druge napake v določenih kovinskih, organskih, anodno oksidnih in reakcijskih prevlekah. Preskus NSS se uporablja predvsem za: – kovine in njihove zlitine, – kovinske prevleke (anodne in katodne), – reakcijske prevleke, – anodno oksidne prevleke; – organske prevleke na kovinskih materialih. Preskus AASS je še posebej uporaben za preskušanje dekorativnih prevlek z bakrom + nikljem + kromom ali nikljem + kromom. Ugotovljeno je bilo tudi, da je primeren za preskušanje anodnih in organskih prevlek na aluminiju. Preskus CASS je uporaben za preskušanje dekorativnih prevlek z bakrom + nikljem + kromom ali nikljem + kromom. Ugotovljeno je bilo tudi, da je primeren za preskušanje anodnih in organskih prevlek na aluminiju. Vse metode s slano meglico so ustrezne za preverjanje vzdrževanja kakovosti kovinskih materialov s protikorozijsko zaščito ali brez nje. Niso namenjene za uporabo pri primerjalnih preskusih kot sredstvo za razvrščanje različnih materialov glede na odpornost proti koroziji ali kot sredstvo za predvidevanje dolgoročne odpornosti preskusnih materialov proti koroziji.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 21-Mar-2022
• Publication Date: 06-Dec-2022
• ICS: 77.060 - Corrosion of metals
• Technical Committee: IPKZ - Protection of metals against corrosion
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 05-Dec-2022
• Due Date: 09-Feb-2023
• Completion Date: 07-Dec-2022
• Ref Project: EN ISO 9227:2022 - Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray tests (ISO 9227:2022)

Relations

• Revised: SIST EN ISO 9227:2017 - Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray tests (ISO 9227:2017)
• Effective Date: 23-Sep-2020
• Replaces: SIST EN ISO 9227:2017 - Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray tests (ISO 9227:2017)
• Effective Date: 30-Nov-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 9227:2023
01-januar-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 9227:2017
Korozijski preskusi v umetnih atmosferah - Korozijski preskusi v slani komori (ISO
9227:2022)
Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray tests (ISO 9227:2022)
Korrosionsprüfungen in künstlichen Atmosphären - Salzsprühnebelprüfungen (ISO
9227:2022)
Essais de corrosion en atmosphères artificielles - Essais aux brouillards salins (ISO
9227:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 9227:2022
ICS:
77.060 Korozija kovin Corrosion of metals
SIST EN ISO 9227:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 9227:2023

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SIST EN ISO 9227:2023


EN ISO 9227
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

November 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 77.060 Supersedes EN ISO 9227:2017
English Version

Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray tests
(ISO 9227:2022)
Essais de corrosion en atmosphères artificielles - Korrosionsprüfungen in künstlichen Atmosphären -
Essais aux brouillards salins (ISO/FDIS 9227:2022) Salzsprühnebelprüfungen (ISO/FDIS 9227:2022)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 November 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 9227:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 9227:2023
EN ISO 9227:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3

2

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SIST EN ISO 9227:2023
EN ISO 9227:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 9227:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 156 "Corrosion
of metals and alloys" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 262 “Metallic and other
inorganic coatings, including for corrosion protection and corrosion testing of metals and alloys” the
secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2023, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by May 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 9227:2017.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 9227:2022 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 9227:2022 without any modification.

3

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SIST EN ISO 9227:2023

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SIST EN ISO 9227:2023
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9227
Fifth edition
2022-11
Corrosion tests in artificial
atmospheres — Salt spray tests
Essais de corrosion en atmosphères artificielles — Essais aux
brouillards salins
Reference number
ISO 9227:2022(E)
© ISO 2022

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SIST EN ISO 9227:2023
ISO 9227:2022(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
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SIST EN ISO 9227:2023
ISO 9227:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Principle . 2
5 Test solutions . 2
5.1 Preparation of the sodium chloride solution . 2
5.2 Preparation of each test solution with pH adjustment . 3
5.2.1 pH of the salt solution . 3
5.2.2 Neutral salt spray test . 3
5.2.3 Acetic acid salt spray test . 3
5.2.4 Copper-accelerated acetic acid salt spray test . 4
5.3 Filtration . 4
6 Apparatus . 4
6.1 Component protection . 4
6.2 Spray cabinet . 4
6.3 Heater and temperature control . . 4
6.4 Spraying device . 4
6.5 Collecting devices . 5
6.6 Re-use . 6
7 Method for evaluating cabinet corrosivity . 6
7.1 General . 6
7.2 Reference specimens . 6
7.3 Arrangement of the reference specimens . 7
7.4 Determination of mass loss (mass per area) . 7
7.5 Satisfactory performance of cabinet . 8
8 Test specimens . 8
9 Arrangement of the test specimens .8
10 Operating conditions . 9
11 Duration of tests . 9
12 Treatment of test specimens after test .10
12.1 General . 10
12.2 Non-organic coated test specimens: metallic and/or inorganic coated . 10
12.3 Organic coated test specimens . 10
12.3.1 Scribed organic coated test specimens . 10
12.3.2 Organic coated but not scribed test specimens . 10
13 Evaluation of results .11
14 Test report .11
Annex A (informative) Example schematic diagram of one possible design of spray cabinet
with means for optional treating fog exhaust and drain .13
Annex B (informative) Complementary method for evaluating cabinet corrosivity using
zinc reference specimens .15
Annex C (normative) Preparation of specimens with organic coatings for testing .17
Annex D (informative) Required supplementary information for testing test specimens
with organic coatings.18
iii
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SIST EN ISO 9227:2023
ISO 9227:2022(E)
Annex E (informative) Examples of arrangement of the collecting devices .19
Annex F (informative) Interlaboratory comparison for reference specimens .21
Bibliography .23
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SIST EN ISO 9227:2023
ISO 9227:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 156, Corrosion of metals and alloys,
in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee
CEN/TC 262, Metallic and other inorganic coatings, including for corrosion protection and corrosion
testing of metals and alloys, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO
and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition (ISO 9227:2017), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— the arrangement of test specimens has been added;
— the arrangement of collecting devices has been changed; examples of arrangement of collecting
devices have been added as Annex E;
— DC04, DC05 and UNS G10080 have been added for steel reference specimens as an alternative of CR4-
grade steel, and interlaboratory comparison for reference specimens has been added as Annex F;
— the diluted acetic acid for preparing the test solution of AASS and CASS has been added;
— the allowed limit of copper concentration when the cabinet once used for CASS is re-used for NSS or
AASS has been specified.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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SIST EN ISO 9227:2023
ISO 9227:2022(E)
Introduction
There is seldom a direct relation between resistance to the action of salt spray and resistance to
corrosion in other media, because several factors influencing the progress of corrosion, such as the
formation of protective films, vary greatly with the conditions encountered. Therefore, the test results
should not be regarded as a direct guide to the corrosion resistance of the tested metallic materials
in all environments where these materials can be used. Also, the performance of different materials
during the test should not be taken as a direct guide to the corrosion resistance of these materials in
service.
Nevertheless, the method described gives a means of checking that the comparative quality of a metallic
material, with or without corrosion protection, is maintained.
Different metallic substrates (metals) cannot be tested in direct comparison in accordance to their
corrosion resistances in salt spray tests. Comparative testing is only applicable for the same kind of
substrate.
Salt spray tests are generally suitable as corrosion protection tests for rapid analysis for discontinuities,
pores and damage in organic and inorganic coatings. In addition, for quality control purposes,
comparison can be made between specimens coated with the same coating. As comparative tests,
however, salt spray tests are only suitable if the coatings are sufficiently similar in nature.
When interpreting test results (e.g. minimum time until appearance defects or protection defects) for
product quality control or acceptance specifications, it is important to recognize that the salt spray test
can have a low level of reproducibility, especially with production parts tested in different laboratories.
It is often not possible to use results gained from salt spray testing as a comparative guide to the
long-term behaviour of different coating systems, since the corrosion stress during these tests differs
significantly from the corrosion stresses encountered in practice.
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SIST EN ISO 9227:2023
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9227:2022(E)
Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres — Salt spray tests
1 Scope
This document specifies the apparatus, the reagents and the procedure to be used in conducting the
neutral salt spray (NSS), acetic acid salt spray (AASS) and copper-accelerated acetic acid salt spray
(CASS) tests for assessment of the corrosion resistance of metallic materials, with or without permanent
or temporary corrosion protection.
It also describes the method employed to evaluate the corrosivity of the test cabinet environment.
It does not specify the dimensions or types of test specimens, the exposure period to be used for a
particular product, or the interpretation of results. Such details are provided in the appropriate product
specifications.
The salt spray tests are particularly useful for detecting discontinuities, such as pores and other defects,
in certain metallic, organic, anodic oxide and conversion coatings.
The NSS test is particularly applicable to:
— metals and their alloys;
— metallic coatings (anodic and cathodic);
— conversion coatings;
— anodic oxide coatings;
— organic coatings on metallic materials.
The AASS test is especially useful for testing decorative coatings of copper + nickel + chromium, or
nickel + chromium. It has also been found suitable for testing anodic and organic coatings on aluminium.
The CASS test is useful for testing decorative coatings of copper + nickel + chromium, or nickel +
chromium. It has also been found suitable for testing anodic and organic coatings on aluminium.
The salt spray methods are all suitable for checking that the quality of a metallic material, with or
without corrosion protection, is maintained. They are not intended to be used for comparative testing
as a means of ranking different materials relative to each other with respect to corrosion resistance or
as means of predicting long-term corrosion resistance of the tested material.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1514, Paints and varnishes — Standard panels for testing
ISO 2808, Paints and varnishes — Determination of film thickness
ISO 3574, Cold-reduced carbon steel sheet of commercial and drawing qualities
ISO 4623-2:2016, Paints and varnishes — Determination of resistance to filiform corrosion — Part 2:
Aluminium substrates
ISO 8044, Corrosion of metals and alloys — Vocabulary
1
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SIST EN ISO 9227:2023
ISO 9227:2022(E)
ISO 8407, Corrosion of metals and alloys — Removal of corrosion products from corrosion test specimens
ISO 17872, Paints and varnishes — Guidelines for the introduction of scribe marks through coatings on
metallic panels for corrosion testing
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 8044 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
reference specimen
portion of the reference material that is to be exposed with the intention to check the reproducibility
and repeatability of the test results for the test cabinet in use
Note 1 to entry: The reference material is the material with known test performance.
3.2
test specimen
specific portion of the samples upon which the testing is to be performed
3.3
substitute specimen
inert materials (such as plastic or glass) used for the substitute of a test specimen (3.2)
4 Principle
WARNING — This document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This
document does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use.
It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
The NSS test is the test method in which a neutral approximate 5 % sodium chloride solution is atomized
under a controlled environment.
The AASS test is the test method in which an approximate 5 % sodium chloride solution acidified by the
addition of acetic acid is atomized under a controlled environment.
The CASS test is the test method in which an approximate 5 % sodium chloride solution acidified by
the addition acetic acid and with the addition of copper(II) chloride is atomized under a controlled
environment.
5 Test solutions
5.1 Preparation of the sodium chloride solution
Dissolve a sufficient mass of sodium chloride in distilled or deionized water with a conductivity not
higher than 20 µS/cm at 25 °C to produce a concentration in a range between 45 g/l and 55 g/l. The
sodium chloride concentration of the sprayed solution collected shall be 50 g/l ± 5 g/l. The specific
gravity range for a 50 g/l ± 5 g/l solution is 1,029 to 1,036 at 25 °C.
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SIST EN ISO 9227:2023
ISO 9227:2022(E)
The sodium chloride shall not contain a mass fraction of the heavy metals copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and
lead (Pb) in total more than 0,005 %. It shall not contain a mass fraction of sodium iodide more than
0,1 % and a mass fraction of total impurities more than 0,5 %, calculated for dry salt.
NOTE Anti-caking agents added to the sodium chloride can act as corrosion inhibitors or accelerators. A
useful sodium chloride salt grade is a grade named Ph. Eur/USP or JIS, ACS.
5.2 Preparation of each test solution with pH adjustment
5.2.1 pH of the salt solution
Adjust the pH of the salt solution to the desired value on the basis of the pH of the sprayed solution
collected.
5.2.2 Neutral salt spray test
Adjust the pH of the salt solution (see 5.1) so that the pH of the sprayed solution collected within the
test cabinet (6.2 and 6.5) is 6,5 to 7,2 at 25 °C ± 2 °C. Check the pH using electrometric measurement.
Measurements of pH shall be done using electrodes suitable for measuring in weakly buffered
sodium chloride solutions in distilled or deionized water. Make any necessary corrections by adding
hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate solution of analytical grade.
®1)
WARNING — Hydrochloric acid (CAS Registry Number 7647-01-0) solution is toxic, corrosive,
irritating and very toxic to aquatic life. Refer to the safety data sheet for details. Handling of
hydrochloric acid solution shall be restricted to skilled personnel or conducted under their
control. Care shall be taken in the disposal of this solution.
WARNING — Sodium hydroxide (CAS 1310-73-2) solution is toxic, corrosive and irritating. Refer
to the safety data sheet for details. Handling of sodium hydroxide solution shall be restricted to
skilled personnel or conducted under their control. Care shall be taken in the disposal of this
solution.
NOTE Possible changes in pH can result from loss of carbon dioxide in the solution when it is sprayed. Such
changes can be avoided by reducing the carbon dioxide content of the solution by, for example, heating it to a
temperature above 35 °C before it is placed in the apparatus, or by making the solution using freshly boiled water.
5.2.3 Acetic acid salt spray test
Add a sufficient amount of glacial acetic acid not less than 99,7 % of mass fraction or diluted acetic
acid more than 10 % of mass fraction to the salt solution (see 5.1) to ensure that the pH of samples of
sprayed solution collected in the test cabinet (6.2 and 6.5) is between 3,1 and 3,3 at 25 °C ± 2 °C. Take
the added volume of acetic acid into account when making up the initial sodium chloride solution. If the
pH of the solution initially prepared is 3,0 to 3,1, the pH of the sprayed solution is likely to be within the
specified limits. Check the pH using electrometric measurement. Measurements of pH shall be done
using electrodes suitable for measuring in weakly buffered sodium chloride solutions in distilled or
deionized water. Make any necessary corrections by adding acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, or sodium
bicarbonate of analytical grade.
WARNING — Glacial acetic acid (CAS 64-19-7) is a flammable liquid, toxic, corrosive and irritating.
Refer to the safety data sheet for details. Handling of glacial acetic acid shall be restricted to
skilled personnel or conducted under their control. Care shall be taken in the disposal of this
solution.
®
1) CAS Registry Number is a trademark of CAS corporation. This information is given for the convenience of users
of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent products may be
used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
3
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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 9227:2022
01-marec-2022
Korozijski preskusi v umetnih atmosferah - Korozijski preskusi v slani komori
(ISO/DIS 9227:2021)
Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray tests (ISO/DIS 9227:2021)
Korrosionsprüfungen in künstlichen Atmosphären - Salzsprühnebelprüfungen (ISO/DIS
9227:2021)
Essais de corrosion en atmosphères artificielles - Essais aux brouillards salins (ISO/DIS
9227:2021)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 9227
ICS:
77.060 Korozija kovin Corrosion of metals
oSIST prEN ISO 9227:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN ISO 9227:2022

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oSIST prEN ISO 9227:2022
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 9227
ISO/TC 156 Secretariat: SAC
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2021-12-29 2022-03-23
Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres — Salt spray tests
Essais de corrosion en atmosphères artificielles — Essais aux brouillards salins
ICS: 77.060
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 9227:2021(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2021

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oSIST prEN ISO 9227:2022
ISO/DIS 9227:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
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oSIST prEN ISO 9227:2022
ISO/DIS 9227:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Principle . 2
5 Test solutions . 2
5.1 Preparation of the sodium chloride solution . 2
5.2 Preparation of each test solution with pH adjustment . 3
5.2.1 pH of the salt solution . 3
5.2.2 Neutral salt spray (NSS) test . 3
5.2.3 Acetic acid salt spray (AASS) test . 3
5.2.4 Copper-accelerated acetic acid salt spray (CASS) test . 3
5.3 Filtration . 4
6 Apparatus . 4
6.1 Component protection . 4
6.2 Spray cabinet . 4
6.3 Heater and temperature control . . 4
6.4 Spraying device . 4
6.5 Collecting devices . 5
6.6 Re-use . 6
7 Method for evaluating cabinet corrosivity . 6
7.1 General . 6
7.2 Reference specimens . 6
7.3 Arrangement of the reference specimens . 7
7.4 Determination of mass loss (mass per area) . 7
7.5 Satisfactory performance of cabinet . 7
8 Test specimens . 8
9 Arrangement of the test specimens .8
10 Operating conditions . 9
11 Duration of tests . 9
12 Treatment of test specimens after test .10
12.1 General . 10
12.2 Non-organic coated test specimens: metallic and/or inorganic coated . 10
12.3 Organic coated test specimens . 10
12.3.1 Scribed organic coated test specimens . 10
12.3.2 Organic coated but not scribed test specimens . 10
13 E valuation of results .10
14 Test report .11
Annex A (informative) Example schematic diagram of one possible design of spray cabinet
with means for optional treating fog exhaust and drain .13
Annex B (informative) Complementary method for evaluating cabinet corrosivity using
zinc reference specimens .15
Annex C (normative) Preparation of specimens with organic coatings for testing .17
Annex D (informative) Required supplementary information for testing test specimens
with organic coatings.18
iii
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oSIST prEN ISO 9227:2022
ISO/DIS 9227:2021(E)
Annex E (informative) Examples of arrangement of the collecting devices .19
Bibliography .21
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oSIST prEN ISO 9227:2022
ISO/DIS 9227:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 156, Corrosion of metals and alloys.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition (ISO 9227:2017), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— arrangement of collecting devices has been changed;
— examples of arrangement of collecting devices have been added as Annex E.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
v
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oSIST prEN ISO 9227:2022
ISO/DIS 9227:2021(E)
Introduction
There is seldom a direct relation between resistance to the action of salt spray and resistance to
corrosion in other media, because several factors influencing the progress of corrosion, such as the
formation of protective films, vary greatly with the conditions encountered. Therefore, the test results
should not be regarded as a direct guide to the corrosion resistance of the tested metallic materials in
all environments where these materials might be used. Also, the performance of different materials
during the test should not be taken as a direct guide to the corrosion resistance of these materials in
service.
Nevertheless, the method described gives a means of checking that the comparative quality of a metallic
material, with or without corrosion protection, is maintained.
Different metallic substrates (metals) cannot be tested in direct comparison in accordance to their
corrosion resistances in salt spray tests. Comparative testing is only applicable for the same kind of
substrate.
Salt spray tests are generally suitable as corrosion protection tests for rapid analysis for discontinuities,
pores and damage in organic and inorganic coatings. In addition, for quality control purposes,
comparison can be made between specimens coated with the same coating. As comparative tests,
however, salt spray tests are only suitable if the coatings are sufficiently similar in nature.
When interpreting test results, e.g. minimum time until appearance defects or protection defects, for
product quality control or acceptance specifications, it is important to recognize that the salt spray test
may be a low level of reproducibility, especially with production parts tested in different laboratories.
It is often not possible to use results gained from salt spray testing as a comparative guide to the
long-term behaviour of different coating systems, since the corrosion stress during these tests differs
significantly from the corrosion stresses encountered in practice.
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oSIST prEN ISO 9227:2022
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 9227:2021(E)
Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres — Salt spray tests
1 Scope
This document specifies the apparatus, the reagents and the procedure to be used in conducting the
neutral salt spray (NSS), acetic acid salt spray (AASS) and copper-accelerated acetic acid salt spray
(CASS) tests for assessment of the corrosion resistance of metallic materials, with or without permanent
or temporary corrosion protection.
It also describes the method employed to evaluate the corrosivity of the test cabinet environment.
It does not specify the dimensions or types of test specimens, the exposure period to be used for a
particular product, or the interpretation of results. Such details are provided in the appropriate product
specifications.
The salt spray tests are particularly useful for detecting discontinuities, such as pores and other defects,
in certain metallic, organic, anodic oxide and conversion coatings.
The neutral salt spray (NSS) test particularly applies to
— metals and their alloys,
— metallic coatings (anodic and cathodic),
— conversion coatings,
— anodic oxide coatings, and
— organic coatings on metallic materials.
The acetic acid salt spray (AASS) test is especially useful for testing decorative coatings of copper +
nickel + chromium, or nickel + chromium. It has also been found suitable for testing anodic and organic
coatings on aluminium.
The copper-accelerated acetic acid salt spray (CASS) test is useful for testing decorative coatings of
copper + nickel + chromium, or nickel + chromium. It has also been found suitable for testing anodic
and organic coatings on aluminium.
The salt spray methods are all suitable for checking that the quality of a metallic material, with or
without corrosion protection, is maintained. They are not intended to be used for comparative testing
as a means of ranking different materials relative to each other with respect to corrosion resistance or
as means of predicting long-term corrosion resistance of the tested material.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1514, Paints and varnishes — Standard panels for testing
ISO 2808, Paints and varnishes — Determination of film thickness
ISO 3574, Cold-reduced carbon steel sheet of commercial and drawing qualities
ISO 4623-2:2016, Paints and varnishes — Determination of resistance to filiform corrosion — Part 2:
Aluminium substrates
1
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oSIST prEN ISO 9227:2022
ISO/DIS 9227:2021(E)
ISO 8044, Corrosion of metals and alloys — Vocabulary
ISO 8407, Corrosion of metals and alloys — Removal of corrosion products from corrosion test specimens
ISO 17872, Paints and varnishes — Guidelines for the introduction of scribe marks through coatings on
metallic panels for corrosion testing
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 8044 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
reference material
material with known test performance
3.2
reference specimen
portion of the reference material (3.1) that is to be exposed with the intention to check the reproducibility
and repeatability of the test results for the test cabinet in use
3.3
test specimen
specific portion of the samples upon which the testing is to be performed
3.4
substitute specimen
specimen made of inert materials (such as plastic or glass) used for the substitute of a test specimen
(3.3)
4 Principle
WARNING — This document may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This
document does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use.
It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
The neutral salt spray (NSS) test is the test method in which a neutral approximate 5 % sodium chloride
solution is atomized under a controlled environment.
The acetic acid salt spray (AASS) test is the test method in which an approximate 5 % sodium chloride
solution acidified by the addition of glacial acetic acid is atomized under a controlled environment.
The copper-accelerated acetic acid salt spray (CASS) test is the test method in which an approximate
5 % sodium chloride solution acidified by the addition glacial acetic acid and with the addition of
copper(II) chloride is atomized under a controlled environment.
5 Test solutions
5.1 Preparation of the sodium chloride solution
Dissolve a sufficient mass of sodium chloride in distilled or deionized water with a conductivity not
higher than 20 µS/cm at 25 °C ± 2 °C to produce a concentration in a range between 45 g/l and 55 g/l.
2
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oSIST prEN ISO 9227:2022
ISO/DIS 9227:2021(E)
The sodium chloride concentration of the sprayed solution collected shall be 50 g/l ± 5 g/l. The specific
gravity range for a 50 g/l ± 5 g/l solution is 1,029 to 1,036 at 25 °C.
The sodium chloride shall not contain a mass fraction of the heavy metals copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and
lead (Pb) in total more than 0,005 %. It shall not contain a mass fraction of sodium iodide more than
0,1 % and a mass fraction of total impurities more than 0,5 %, calculated for dry salt.
NOTE Anti-caking agents added to the sodium chloride can act as corrosion inhibitors or accelerators. A
useful sodium chloride salt grade is a grade named Ph. Eur/USP or JIS, ACS.
5.2 Preparation of each test solution with pH adjustment
5.2.1 pH of the salt solution
Adjust the pH of the salt solution to the desired value on the basis of the pH of the sprayed solution
collected.
5.2.2 Neutral salt spray (NSS) test
Adjust the pH of the salt solution (5.1) so that the pH of the sprayed solution collected within the test
cabinet (6.2 and 6.5) is 6,5 to 7,2 at 25 °C ± 2 °C. Check the pH using electrometric measurement.
Measurements of pH shall be done using electrodes suitable for measuring in weakly buffered
sodium chloride solutions in distilled or deionized water. Make any necessary corrections by adding
hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate solution of analytical grade.
WARNING — Hydrochloric acid (CAS no. 7647-01-0) solution is toxic, corrosive, irritating and
very toxic to aquatic life. Refer to Safety Data Sheet for details. Handling of hydrochloric acid
solution shall be restricted to skilled personnel or conducted under their control. Care shall be
taken in the disposal of this solution.
WARNING — Sodium hydroxide (CAS no. 1310-73-2) solution is toxic, corrosive and irritating.
Refer to Safety Data Sheet for details. Handling of sodium hydroxide solution shall be restricted
to skilled personnel or conducted under their control. Care shall be taken in the disposal of this
solution.
NOTE Possible changes in pH can result from loss of carbon dioxide in the solution when it is sprayed. Such
changes can be avoided by reducing the carbon dioxide content of the solution by, for example, heating it to a
temperature above 35 °C before it is placed in the apparatus, or by making the solution using freshly boiled water.
5.2.3 Acetic acid salt spray (AASS) test
Add a sufficient amount of glacial acetic acid not less than 99,7 % of mass fraction to the salt solution
(5.1) to ensure that the pH of samples of sprayed solution collected in the test cabinet (6.2 and 6.5)
is between 3,1 and 3,3 at 25 °C ± 2 °C. If the pH of the solution initially prepared is 3,0 to 3,1, the pH
of the sprayed solution is likely to be within the specified limits. Check the pH using electrometric
measurement. Measurements of pH shall be done using electrodes suitable for measuring in weakly
buffered sodium chloride solutions in distilled or deionized water. Make any necessary corrections by
adding glacial acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, or sodium bicarbonate of analytical grade.
WARNING — Glacial acetic acid (CAS no. 64-19-7) is flammable liquids, toxic, corrosive and
irritating. Refer to Safety Data Sheet for details. Handling of glacial acetic acid shall be restricted
to skilled personnel or conducted under their control. Care shall be taken in the disposal of this
solution.
5.2.4 Copper-accelerated acetic acid salt spray (CASS) test
Dissolve a sufficient mass of copper(II) chloride dihydrate (CuCl ⋅2H O) not less than 99,0 % of mass
2 2
fraction in the salt solution (5.1) to produce a concentration of 0,26 g/l ± 0,02 g/l [equivalent to
(0,205 ± 0,015) g of CuCl per litre].
2
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oSIST prEN ISO 9227:2022
ISO/DIS 9227:2021(E)
WARNING — Copper(II) chloride dihydrate (CAS no. 10125-13-0) is toxic, corrosive, irritating
and very toxic to aquatic life. Refer to Safety Data Sheet for details. Handling of copper(II)
chloride dihydrate shall be restricted to skilled personnel or conducted under their control.
Care shall be taken in the disposal of this solution.
Adjust the pH using the procedures described in 5.2.3.
5.3 Filtration
If necessary, filter the solution before placing it in the reservoir of the apparatus, to remove any solid
matter which might block the apertures of the spraying device.
6 Apparatus
6.1 Component protection
All components in contact with the spray or the test solution shall be made of, or lined with, materials
resistant to corrosion by the sprayed solution and which do not influence the corrosivity of the sprayed
test solutions.
The supports for the test specimen shall be constructed such that different substrate types do not
influence each other. It shall also be constructed so that the supports themselves do not influence the
test specimens.
6.2 Spray cabinet
The cabinet shall be such that the conditions of homogeneity and distribution of the spray are met.
3
Due to the limited capacity of cabinets smaller than 0,4 m , the effect of the loading of the cabinet on
the distribution of the spray and temperature shall be carefully considered. The solution shall not be
sprayed directly onto test specimens but rather spread throughout the cabinet so that it falls naturally
down to them. The upper parts of the cabinet shall be designed so that drops of sprayed solution formed
on its surface do not fall on the test specimens being tested.
The size and shape of the cabinet shall be such that the collection rate of solution in the cabinet is within
the limits specified in 10.3.
Preference shall be given to apparatus that has a means for properly dealing with fog after the test,
prior to releasing it from the building for environmental conservation, and for drawing water prior to
discharging it to the drainage system.
NOTE A schematic diagram of one possible design of spray cabinet is shown in Annex A (see Figure A.1 and
Figure A.2).
6.3 Heater and temperature control
The test cabinet shall be maintained at the specified temperature (see 10.1) in the zone where the test
specimens are placed by the appropriate system.
6.4 Spraying device
The device for spraying the salt solution comprises a supply of clean air, of controlled pressure and
humidity, a reservoir to contain the solution to be sprayed, and one or more atomizers.
The compressed air supplied to the atomizers shall be passed through a filter to remove all traces of
1)
oil or solid matter, and the atomizing pressure shall be at an overpressure of 70 kPa to 170 kPa. The
pressure is typically 98 kPa ± 10 kPa but can vary depending on the type of cabinet and atomizer used.
2
1) 1 kPa = 1 kN/m = 0,01 atm = 0,01 bar = 0,145 psi.
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oSIST prEN ISO 9227:2022
ISO/DIS 9227:2021(E)
In order to prevent the evaporation of water from the sprayed droplets (aerosol), the air shall be
humidified before entering the atomizer by passing through a suitable humidifier. The humidified air
shall be saturated such that the concentration of the fallout solution falls within the specifications of
5.1. The humidified air shall also be heated such that when mixed with the salt solution and after the
adiabatic expansion at the atomizer nozzle, there is no significant disturbance of the temperature in
the cabinet. The appropriate temperature depends on the pressure used and on the type of atomizer
nozzle. Temperature, pressure or humidification, or a combination thereof, shall be adjusted so that the
rate of collection of the spray in the cabinet and the concentration of the collected spray are kept within
the specified limits (see 10.3). A commonly used humidifier is the saturation tower, where temperature
and p
...