SIST EN 1627:2011
(Main)Pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters - Burglar resistance - Requirements and classification
Pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters - Burglar resistance - Requirements and classification
This European Standard specifies requirements and classification systems for burglar resistant characteristics of pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters. It is applicable to the following means of opening: Turning, tilting, folding, turn-tilting, top or bottom hung, sliding (horizontally and vertically) and rolling as well as fixed constructions. It also covers products that include items such as letter plates or ventilation grilles. It specifies requirements for the burglar resistance of a construction product (as defined in 3.1 of this standard).
This European Standard does not directly cover the resistance of locks and cylinders to attack with picking tools. It also does not cover precast concrete elements.
It also does not cover the attack of electric, electronic and electromagnetic operated burglar resistant construction products using attack methods that might defeat these characteristics.
NOTE 1 The mechanical parts of electric, electronic and electromagnetic operated burglar resistant construction products may be tested in electrical powerless condition.
This European Standard does not apply to doors, gates and barriers, intended for installation in areas in the reach of persons, and for which the main intended uses are giving safe access for goods and vehicles accompanied or driven by persons in industrial, commercial or residential premises, as covered by EN 13241-1.
NOTE 2 Construction products that can be reached or driven through by vehicles should be protected by appropriate measures such as barriers, extensible ramps, etc.
Einbruchhemmende Bauprodukte (nicht für Betonfertigteile) - Anforderungen und Klassifizierung
Die vorliegende Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen und die Klassifizierung der einbruchhem¬menden Eigenschaften von Türelementen, Fenstern, Vorhangfassaden, Gitterelementen und Abschlüssen fest. Sie gilt für die folgenden Öffnungsarten: Drehen, Kippen, Falten, Drehkippen, Schwingen, Schieben (horizontal und vertikal) und Rollen sowie für nicht öffenbare Konstruktionen. Sie behandelt außerdem auch Produkte, die Elemente wie beispielsweise Briefklappen oder Lüftungsgitter enthalten. Die Norm legt Anfor¬derungen an die Einbruchhemmung eines Bauproduktes fest (entsprechend 3.1 der vorliegenden Norm).
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt nicht direkt die Widerstandsfähigkeit von Schlössern und Schließzylindern gegen Angriffe mit Sperrwerkzeugen (Picking). Außerdem behandelt sie keine Betonfertigteile.
Ebenfalls nicht behandelt wird der Angriff auf elektrisch, elektronisch und elektromagnetisch betätigte ein-bruchhemmende Bauprodukte mit Hilfe von Angriffsmethoden, die diese Eigenschaften ausschalten könnten.
ANMERKUNG 1 Die mechanischen Teile von elektrisch, elektronisch und elektromagnetisch betätigten einbruchhem¬menden Bauprodukten können im spannungslosen Zustand jedoch geprüft werden.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für Türen, Tore und Schranken, die für den Einbau in Bereichen für den Zugang von Personen dienen und die hauptsächlich für einen sicheren Zugang für Güter und von Personen geführten Fahrzeugen in industriellen, gewerblichen und Wohnbereichen gedacht sind, welche in den Anwendungsbereich von EN 13241-1 fallen.
ANMERKUNG 2 Bauprodukte, die durch Kraftfahrzeuge erreicht oder durchfahren werden können, sollten durch geeig¬nete Maßnahmen, wie Sperren, ausfahrbare Rampen usw. geschützt werden.
Produits de construction résistants à l'effraction (sauf éléments en béton préfabriqué) - Prescriptions et classification
La présente Norme européenne fixe les exigences et les systèmes de classification relatifs aux
caractéristiques de résistance à l’effraction des blocs-portes pour piétons, fenêtres, façades rideaux, grilles et
fermetures. Elle s’applique aux constructions fixes et aux systèmes ouvrants suivants : battant, oscillant,
pliant, oscillo-battant, à gonds haut ou bas, coulissant (horizontalement et verticalement) et à enroulement.
Elle couvre également les produits comportant des éléments tels que des fentes à lettres ou des grilles de
ventilation. Elle spécifie les exigences relatives à la résistance à l’effraction d’un produit de construction (telle
que définie en 3.1 dans la présente norme).
La présente Norme européenne ne traite pas directement de la résistance aux ouvertures fines des serrures
et des cylindres. Elle ne s’applique pas non plus aux éléments préfabriqués en béton.
Elle ne couvre pas non plus l’attaque des produits de construction résistants à l’effraction actionnés de façon
électrique, électronique et électromagnétique, à l’aide de méthodes susceptibles de neutraliser ces
caractéristiques.
NOTE 1 Les parties mécaniques des produits de construction électriques, électroniques et électromagnétiques
résistants à l’effraction peuvent être soumises à l’essai hors tension.
La présente Norme européenne ne s’applique pas aux portes, portails et barrières, destinés à être installés
dans des zones accessibles aux personnes et dont l’utilisation principale prévue est de permettre l’accès
sécurisé de marchandises et de véhicules accompagnés ou conduits par des personnes, dans des locaux
industriels et commerciaux ou des garages dans les zones d’habitation, tel que traité par l’EN 13241-1.
NOTE 2 Il convient que les produits de construction qui sont accessibles ou peuvent être empruntés par des véhicules,
soient protégés par des moyens appropriés tels que des barrières, rampes déployables, etc.
Vrata, okna, obešene fasade, mreže in polkna - Protivlomna odpornost - Zahteve in klasifikacija
Ta evropski standard določa zahteve in klasifikacijske sisteme za značilnosti protivlomne odpornosti vrat, oken, fasad, mrež in polken. Velja za naslednje načine odpiranja: obračanje, nagibanje, zlaganje, obračanje-nagibanje, obešanje na vrhu ali na dnu, drsenje (vodoravno ali navpično) in zvijanje ter pritrjene konstrukcije. Prav tako zajema proizvode, ki vključujejo predmete, kot so ploščice za vrata ali mreže za prezračevanje. Določa zahteve za protivlomno odpornost konstrukcijskega proizvoda (kot je določeno v točki 3.1 tega standarda). Ta evropski standard ne zajema neposredno odpornosti ključavnic in vložkov proti napadom z orodji za vdiranje. Prav tako ne zajema montažnih betonskih elementov. Ne zajema napada na električne, elektronske in elektromagnetno upravljane protivlomne konstrukcijske proizvode z uporabo metod napada, ki lahko premagajo te značilnosti.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Vrata, okna, obešene fasade, mreže in polkna - Protivlomna odpornost - Zahteve in klasifikacijaEinbruchhemmende Bauprodukte (nicht für Betonfertigteile) - Anforderungen und KlassifizierungProduits de construction résistants à l'effraction (sauf éléments en béton préfabriqué) - Prescriptions et classificationPedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters - Burglar resistance - Requirements and classification91.060.50Vrata in oknaDoors and windows13.310Varstvo pred kriminalomProtection against crimeICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1627:2011SIST EN 1627:2011en,fr,de01-oktober-2011SIST EN 1627:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST ENV 1627:20001DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1627:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1627
May 2011 ICS 13.310; 91.060.50 Supersedes ENV 1627:1999English Version
Pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters - Burglar resistance - Requirements and classification Blocs-portes pour piétons, fenêtres, façades rideaux, grilles et fermetures - Résistance à l'effraction - Prescriptions et classification
Türen, Fenster, Vorhangfassaden, Gitterelemente und Abschlüsse - Einbruchhemmung - Anforderungen und Klassifizierung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 December 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1627:2011: ESIST EN 1627:2011
EN 1627:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 31Scope. 42Normative references . 43Terms and definitions . 54Resistance classification . 65Infillings . 76Hardware . 77Mechanical strength . 87.1Static loading . 87.2Dynamic loading in resistance classes 1, 2 and 3 . 118Manual burglary attempts . 119Classification report . 1110Installation . 1211Test specimens . 12Annex A (informative)
Recommendations for the contents of the manufacturer's installation instructions. 13Annex B (normative)
Requirements for locks and hardware outside the scope of the standards listed in Table 2 . 14Annex C (informative)
Resistance classes – Classification according to EN 1627 . 23C.1Introduction . 23C.2Resistance classes 1 to 3 . 23C.3Resistance classes 4 to 6 . 23Annex D (normative)
Field of application . 25D.1Dimensions . 25D.2Exchange of hardware elements . 27D.3Other modifications . 28Annex E (normative)
Procedure for testing and classification. 29Bibliography . 31
SIST EN 1627:2011
EN 1627:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1627:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 33 “Doors, windows, shutters, building hardware and curtain walling”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes ENV 1627:1999. This European Standard is one of a series of standards for burglar resistant pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters. The other standards in the series are: — EN 1628:2011, Pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters — Burglar resistance — Test method for the determination of resistance under static loading; — EN 1629:2011, Pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters — Burglar resistance — Test method for the determination of resistance under dynamic loading; — EN 1630:2011, Pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters — Burglar resistance — Test method for the determination of resistance to manual burglary attempts. This standard is a revision of, and supersedes ENV 1627:1999. The three other standards in this series are revisions of, and supersede ENV 1628, ENV 1629 and ENV 1630 respectively. This revision incorporates grilles and curtain walling in the range of application. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 1627:2011
EN 1627:2011 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements and classification systems for burglar resistant characteristics of pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters. It is applicable to the following means of opening: Turning, tilting, folding, turn-tilting, top or bottom hung, sliding (horizontally and vertically) and rolling as well as fixed constructions. It also covers products that include items such as letter plates or ventilation grilles. It specifies requirements for the burglar resistance of a construction product (as defined in 3.1 of this standard). This European Standard does not directly cover the resistance of locks and cylinders to attack with picking tools. It also does not cover precast concrete elements. It also does not cover the attack of electric, electronic and electromagnetic operated burglar resistant construction products using attack methods that might defeat these characteristics.
NOTE 1 The mechanical parts of electric, electronic and electromagnetic operated burglar resistant construction products may be tested in electrical powerless condition. This European Standard does not apply to doors, gates and barriers, intended for installation in areas in the reach of persons, and for which the main intended uses are giving safe access for goods and vehicles accompanied or driven by persons in industrial, commercial or residential premises, as covered by EN 13241-1. NOTE 2 Construction products that can be reached or driven through by vehicles should be protected by appropriate measures such as barriers, extensible ramps, etc. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 356:1999, Glass in building — Security glazing — Testing and classification of resistance against manual attack EN 1303:2005, Building hardware — Cylinders for locks — Requirements and test methods EN 1628:2011, Pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters — Burglar resistance — Test method for the determination of resistance under static loading EN 1629:2011, Pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters — Burglar resistance — Test method for the determination of resistance under dynamic loading EN 1630:2011, Pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters — Burglar resistance — Test method for the determination of resistance to manual burglary attempts EN 1906:2010, Building hardware — Lever handles and knob furniture — Requirements and test methods EN 12209:2003, Building hardware — Locks and latches — Mechanically operated locks, latches and locking plates — Requirements and test methods EN 12519:2004, Windows and pedestrian doors — Terminology ISO 1000:1992, SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other units
SIST EN 1627:2011
EN 1627:2011 (E) 5 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12519:2004 and in ISO 1000:1992 and the following apply. 3.1 burglar resistance property of pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters to resist attempts at forced entry using physical force and with the aid of predefined tools into the protected room or area 3.2 burglar resistant product complete, functioning element that, when built in and fastened or fastened and locked, has the function of resisting forced entry through the application of physical force assisted by predefined tools 3.3 Group 1 product product that has a solid and rigid leaf or opening element and the principal movement to open is turning of the element NOTE Examples of Group 1 products are hinged or pivoted windows and doorsets. 3.4 Group 2 product product that has a solid and rigid leaf or opening element and the principal movement to open is sliding NOTE Examples of Group 2 products are sliding doorsets and sliding windows. 3.5 Group 3 product product that has a leaf or opening element constructed from a number of rigid elements joined together such that the elements may move relative to each other NOTE An example of a Group 3 product is a roller shutter. 3.6 Group 4 product product with one or more openings (excluding letter plates) through which gap gauge B (25 mm) can pass NOTE An example of a Group 4 product is a grille. 3.7 resistance class (RC) level of resistance that the product provides against burglary attempts 3.8 attack side side of the test specimen defined by the applicant as the side exposed to attack 3.9 non-attack side side of the test specimen defined by the applicant as the side not exposed to attack 3.10 roller shutter shutter, the curtain of which consists of movable, interconnected rigid elements, and travels over a roller in order to open/close SIST EN 1627:2011
EN 1627:2011 (E) 6 3.11 roller grille component that can be moved vertically or horizontally in front of the opening to be secured and that can also be removed NOTE The individual grille bars are movably interconnected with each other. The grille curtain travels over a roller in order to open. 3.12 closed condition condition defined and described by the manufacturer or applicant in which the tested element meets the burglar resistant requirements 3.13 closed and fastened condition condition where the window, doorset or shutter is secured in such a way that it can be opened from the non-attack side without a key, but that it cannot be opened from the attack side without a key 3.14
closed, fastened and locked condition
condition where the window, doorset or shutter is secured in such a way that it cannot be opened from either side without a key 3.15 resistance time working time of the test person carrying out the manual burglary test NOTE The resistance time includes times of less than 5 s each for tool changes, e.g. exchanging a screwdriver for a crow bar. 3.16 infilling glazing or panel of any material or combination of materials which are used to fill an aperture in a window or doorset that can be replaced, and which are typically retained by glazing beads 4 Resistance classification Each construction product conforming to this standard shall be classified according to one of six resistance classes, depending on the level of burglar resistance offered by the product. NOTE The resistance classes correspond to known methods of attack currently used by burglars as described in Annex C, Table C.1. A system or family of products shall be classified using the approach described in Annex D. A product offering burglar resistance at more than one closing condition shall be tested, assessed and classified at each closing condition. In the documentation accompanying the product, the resistance class shall be given as per the following examples: Burglar resistant window EN 1627 RC 1N
Burglar resistant window EN 1627 RC 3
Burglar resistant door EN 1627 RC 2.
The procedure for testing and classification shall be carried out as described in Annex F. SIST EN 1627:2011
EN 1627:2011 (E) 7 For the purpose of historic data, products classified under ENV 1627:1999 to classes 2 to 6 can be assumed to meet the same classes of this standard. 5 Infillings
When tested in accordance with EN 1628:2011, EN 1629:2011 or EN 1630:2011, infilling other than glass shall not exhibit failure at the resistance class claimed. This standard specifies requirements relating to the security level of glazing. When several panes of glass are used in a product, e.g. insulating glass units, then at least one pane shall meet the resistance class as shown in Table 1. Table 1 — Minimum requirements for glazings Resistance class Resistance class of glazing according to EN 356 RC 1 N No requirements* RC 2 N No requirements* RC 2
P4 A RC 3 P5 A RC 4 P6 B RC 5 P7 B RC 6 P8 B * In these resistance classes, national provisions may be followed. NOTE The use of furniture that requires a removable key to effect unlocking might be required when glazing with a resistance class lower than P4A is used. 6 Hardware Lock cylinders, furniture and locks shall either meet the requirements of Table 2 or shall conform to Annex B, Table B.1. Human intervention tests according to EN 1630:2011 shall be carried out on all hardware for resistance class 5 and 6. Table 2 — Requirements for hardware Resistance Class RC 1 N RC 2N / RC 2RC 3RC 4RC 5 RC 6EN 1303 Cylinder (Digit 7) Cylinder (Digit 8)
4 1
4 1
4 1
6 2
6 2
6 2 EN 1906 Furniture (Digit 7)
1
2
3
4
4
4 EN 12209 Locks (Digit 7)
3
3
4
7 a
7
7
a A lock with security class 6 (digit 7) may be used if the drill resistance required in class 7 is provided by the door construction. SIST EN 1627:2011
EN 1627:2011 (E) 8
7 Mechanical strength 7.1 Static loading When tested in accordance with EN 1628:2011 using the loads detailed in Tables 3, 4 and 5 as appropriate, the test specimen shall not exhibit failure at the resistance class claimed. The loading tests shall be conducted in the sequence detailed in the relevant test method. Table 3 — Static loading of Group 1 and Group 2 products
Resistance class (RC) 1, 2 3 4 5, 6 Test load Gap gauge Pressure pad Test load Gap gauge Pressure pad Test load Gap gauge Pressure pad Test load Gap gauge Pressure pad Loading points kN
TypekN
TypekN
Type kN
TypeF1 Corner of infilling 3 B 1 6 B) 1 10 B 1 15 B 1 F2 Leaf and casement corners 1,5 B 1 or 2 3 B 1 or 2 6 B 1 or 2 10 B 1 or 2 F3 Locking Points 3 A 1 or 2 6 A 1 or 2 10 A 1 or 2 15 A 1 or 2 F3.a Group 1 a products Locking Points (additional loadings) 1,5 A – – – – – –
– – – F3 Group 2 products Lift up (additional loadings)
3
A 1 or 2
6
A 1 or 2
10
A 1 or 2
15
A 1 or 2
a Resistance class 1 product only.
SIST EN 1627:2011
EN 1627:2011 (E) 9 Table 4 — Static loading of Group 3 products
Resistance class (RC) 1, 2 3 4 5, 6 Test load Limiting value Pressure pad Test load Limiting value Pressure pad Test load Limiting value Pressure pad Test load Limiting value Pressure pad Loading points kN mm TypekN mm TypekN Mm Type kN mm TypeF1.1 Guide rail deflection test 3 30°a 4 6 30°a 4 10 30°a 4 15 30°a 4 F3 Curtain lift test 3 Cc 1 or 2 6 Cc 1 or 2 10 Cc 1 or 2 15 Cc 1 or 2 F2 Lath engagement test 1,5 10 1 or 2 3 10 1 or 2 6 10 1 or 2 10 10 1 or 2 F1 Static test on guide rail and curtain 3 10b 3 6 10b 3 10 10b 3 15 10b 3 a Maximum allowable deflection of the loaded leg of the guide rail is 30°. The determination of the angle is described in EN 1628. b Minimum depth of penetration under static load. c Checked by means of gap gauge type C.
SIST EN 1627:2011
EN 1627:2011 (E) 10 Table 5 — Static loading of Group 4 products
Resistance class (RC) 1, 2 3 4 5, 6 Test Load Gap gauge Pressure pad Test Load Gap gauge Pressure pad Test Load Gap gauge Pressure pad Test Load Gap gauge Pressure pad Loading points kN mm TypekN mm TypekN mm Type kN mm TypeF2.1 Between two fixing points 1,5 D 5 3 D 5 6 D 5 10 D 5 F2.2 Loading between two junction points
1,5 D 5 3 D 5 6 D 5 10 D 5 F3 Locking points 3 D 1 or 2 6 D 1 or 2 10 D 1 or 2 15 D 1 or 2 F3.1 Fixing point between grille and masonry
3 D 5 6 D 5 10 D 5 15 D 5 F1 Static test on guide rail and curtain or two adjacent grille bars at a junction point 3 D 5 6 D 5 10 D 5 15 D 5 F1.1 Guide rail deflection test load 3 30°a 4 6 30°a 4 10 30°a 4 15 30°a 4 F3.2 Curtain lift test 3 D 1 or 2 6 D 1 or 2 10 D 1 or 2 15 D 1 or 2 F2.3 Drawing the grille curtain out of the guide rail 1,5 D 1 or 2 3 D 1 or 2 6 D 1 or 2 10 D 1 or 2 a Maximum allowable deflection of the loaded leg of the guide rail is 30°. The determination of the angle is described in EN 1628. SIST EN 1627:2011
EN 1627:2011 (E) 11 7.2 Dynamic loading in resistance classes 1, 2 and 3 When tested in accordance with EN 1629:2011 using the mass and drop height given in Table 6, the test specimen shall not fail at the resistance class claimed. The centre of the test specimen and infillings shall be subjected to three impacts and all other impact points shall be subjected to one impact as detailed in EN 1629:2011, Figures 21 to 29. Table 6 — Drop height for dynamic test Resistance class (RC) Mass of the impactor kg Drop height mm 1 50 450 2 50 450 3 50 750 4 - 6 no dynamic test is required 8 Manual burglary attempts When tested in accordance with EN 1630:2011 using the tool sets and times specified in Table 7, the test specimen shall not fail at the resistance class claimed. For construction products of resistance class 1 no manual test will be carried out. The tool set A1 is intended for preparation of the test specimen. Table 7 — Tool sets and resistance time Resistance class(RC) Tool set (see EN 1630: 2011, Clause 7)Resistance time min Maximum total test time min 1 A1 – – 2 A2 3 15 3 A3 5 20 4 A4 10 30 5 A5 15 40 6 A6 20 50
NOTE The maximum total test time is the sum of resistance time, rest time, tool change time and observation time (see definitions in EN 1630:2011). 9 Classification report A classification report shall be provided and shall contain the following, minimum information: a) classification report reference (number and date); b) details of the applicant; c) product description; d) product name; e) dimensions; SIST EN 1627:2011
EN 1627:2011 (E) 12 f) details of the attack side; g) type of operation; h) glazing details (thickness) and classification; i) details of the hardware; j) reference to installation instructions; k) a statement declaring the resistance class according to this standard; l) reference to this standard and its
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