SIST EN 60505:2005
(Main)Evaluation and qualification of electrical insulation systems
Evaluation and qualification of electrical insulation systems
Establishes the basis for estimating the ageing of electrical insulation systems (EIS) under conditions of either electrical, thermal, mechanical, environmental stresses or combinations of these (multifactor stresses). It specifies the principles and procedures that should be followed, during the development of EIS functional test and evaluation procedures, to establish the estimated service life for a specific EIS. The main changes with respect to the previous edition concern the amalgamation of the following standards, which, with the exception of EN 60727-1, will be withdrawn when this third edition is published: EN 60791:1984, Performance evaluation of insulation systems based on experience and functional tests EN 60792-1:1985, The multi-factor functional testing of electrical insulation systems - Part 1: Test procedures EN 60941:1988, Mechanical endurance functional tests for electrical insulation systems EN 61356:1995, Functional evaluation of electrical systems - Principles for test procedures when comparative testing is not feasible EN 61359:1995, Evaluation and identification of electric insulation systems - Environment evaluation EN 60727-1: 1982, Evaluation of electrical endurance of electrical insulation systems - Part 1: General considerations and evaluation procedures based on normal distributions Elements of EN 60727-1 that are not amalgamated will be considered in the next edition of that standard.
Bewertung und Kennzeichnung von elektrischen Isoliersystemen
Evaluation et qualification des systèmes d'isolation électrique
Etablit les bases de l'estimation du vieillissement des systèmes d'isolation électrique (SIE) dans des conditions de contraintes électriques, thermiques, mécaniques, environnementales ou de combinaisons de ces contraintes (contraintes multifactorielles). Elle spécifie les principes et les procédures qu'il convient de suivre, au cours du développement d'essais fonctionnels ou de méthodes d'évaluation des SIE, pour établir la durée de vie estimée d'un SIE spécifique. Par rapport à l'édition précédente, cette édition est le résultat d'un regroupement des normes suivantes qui, à l'exception de la EN 60727-1, seront annulées à la publication de la présente troisième édition. EN 60791:1984, Evaluation des performances des systèmes d'isolation à partir de l'expérience en service et des résultats d'essais fonctionnels EN 60792-1:1985, Essais fonctionnels à plusieurs facteurs de systèmes d'isolation électrique - Première partie: Procédures d'essai EN 60941:1988, Essais fonctionnels d'endurance mécanique des systèmes d'isolation électrique EN 61356:1995, Evaluation fonctionnelle des systèmes d'isolation électrique - Principes de procédures d'essai lorsque l'essai comparatif n'est pas possible EN 61359:1995, Evaluation et identification des systèmes d'isolation électrique - Evaluation de l'environnement EN 60727-1:1982, Evaluation de l'endurance électrique des systèmes d'isolation électrique - Première partie: Considérations générales et procédures d'évaluation basées sur une distribution normale Les éléments de la EN 60727-1 qui ne sont pas regroupés dans la présente norme seront pris en compte dans la prochaine édition de la EN 60727-1.
Vrednotenje in kvalificiranje električnih izolacijskih sistemov
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Standards Content (Sample)
SIST EN 60505:2005SLOVENSKIjulij 2005
STANDARDVrednotenje in kvalificiranje električnih izolacijskih sistemovEvaluation and qualification of electrical insulation systems©
Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljenoReferenčna številkaSIST EN 60505:2005(en)ICS29.080.30
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 60505 NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2004 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2004 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 60505:2004 E
ICS 29.080.30 Supersedes EN 60505:2000
English version
Evaluation and qualification of electrical insulation systems (IEC 60505:2004)
Evaluation et qualification des systèmes d'isolation électrique (CEI 60505:2004)
Bewertung und Kennzeichnung
von elektrischen Isoliersystemen (IEC 60505:2004)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2004-10-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 60505:2004 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 98/217/FDIS, future edition 3 of IEC 60505, prepared by IEC TC 98, Electrical insulation systems (EIS), was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60505 on 2004-10-01. This European Standard supersedes EN 60505:2000. The following dates were fixed: – latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement
(dop)
2005-08-01 – latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn
(dow)
2007-10-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. __________ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60505:2004 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60068-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60068-1:1994 (not modified).
IEC 60068-2 NOTE Harmonized in HD 323.2 and EN 60068-2 series (not modified).
IEC 60068-2-10 NOTE Harmonized as HD 323.2.10 S3:1988 (not modified).
IEC 60112 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60112:2003 (not modified).
IEC 60212 NOTE
Harmonized as HD 437 S1:1984 (not modified).
IEC 60216 NOTE Harmonized in HD 611 and EN 60216 series (not modified).
IEC 60587 NOTE Harmonized as HD 380 S2:1987 (not modified).
IEC 60721 NOTE Harmonized in HD 478 and EN 60721 series (not modified).
IEC 62114 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62114:2001 (not modified).
ISO 62 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 62:1999 (not modified).
ISO 175 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 175:2000 (not modified).
ISO 4611 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 4611:1999 (not modified). __________
- 3 - EN 60505:2004
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE Where an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 60068-2-1 - 1) Environmental testing Part 2: Tests - Tests A: Cold EN 60068-2-1 1993 2) IEC 60068-2-2 - 1) Part 2: Tests - Tests B: Dry heat EN 60068-2-2 1993 2) IEC 60068-2-14 - 1) Part 2: Tests - Test N: Change of temperature EN 60068-2-14 1999
2)IEC 60068-2-27 - 1) Part 2: Tests - Test Ea and guidance: Shock EN 60068-2-27 1993 2) IEC 60216-3 - 1) Electrical insulating materials - Thermal endurance properties Part 3: Instructions for calculating thermal endurance characteristics EN 60216-3 2002 2) IEC 60216-5 - 1) Part 5: Determination of relative thermal endurance index (RTE) of an insulating material EN 60216-5 2003 2) IEC 60493-1 - 1) Guide for the statistical analysis of ageing test data Part 1: Methods based on mean values of normally distributed test results - - IEC 60544-1 - 1) Electrical insulating materials - Determination of the effects of ionizing radiation Part 1: Radiation interaction and dosimetry EN 60544-1 1994 2) IEC 60664 Series Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems EN 60664 Series IEC 60727-1 - 1) Evaluation of electrical endurance of electrical insulation systems Part 1: General considerations and evaluation procedures based on normal distributions - -
1) Undated reference. 2) Valid edition at date of issue.
NORME INTERNATIONALECEIIECINTERNATIONALSTANDARD 60505Troisième éditionThird edition2004-10Evaluation et qualification des systèmes d'isolation électrique Evaluation and qualification of electrical insulation systems Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur For price, see current catalogue© IEC 2004
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Copyright - all rights reservedAucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Electrotechnical Commission,
3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, SwitzerlandTelephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch
Web: www.iec.ch CODE PRIX PRICE CODE XACommission Electrotechnique InternationaleInternational Electrotechnical Commission
60505 © IEC:2004 – 3 – CONTENTS FOREWORD.7INTRODUCTION.111Scope.132Normative references.133Terms and definitions.153.1General terms.153.2Terms related to service stresses and ageing.153.3Terms related to testing.194Ageing.214.1Ageing mechanism.214.2Assessment of ageing mechanisms.294.3Accelerated ageing.295Elements for preparing an evaluation method.435.1Object.455.2Service conditions.455.3Life values.456Functional evaluation methods to qualify an EIS.456.1General considerations.456.2Types of evaluation procedures.456.3Practical considerations.537Functional ageing tests.577.1Test objects.577.2Test conditions.597.3Determination of EIS service life.618Accelerated ageing.618.1Stress levels.618.2Duration and number of subcycles.618.3Ageing subcycle.639Prediagnostic conditioning.6310Diagnostics.6510.1Diagnostic tests – End point criteria.6510.2Additional specific tests.6711Analysing the data.6711.1General.6711.2Operating experience.6711.3Electrical endurance.6711.4Thermal ageing.6711.5Mechanical endurance.6911.6Environmental test data.6911.7Multifactor test data.6911.8Number of specimens.6912Evaluation procedures based on statistical distributions –
Mathematical formulae.6913Test report.7114EIS coding.71
60505 © IEC:2004 – 5 – Annex A (informative)
Checklists.73Annex B (informative)
Flow charts.79Annex C (informative)
Selection of diagnostic tests and their stress levels.95Annex D (informative)
Test using step-by-step increasing voltage.101Bibliography.107Figure 1 – Ageing of an EIS.21Figure 2 – Example of possible ageing mechanisms as a function of time.25 Figure 3 – Ageing as a function of time for Figure 2.25 Figure 4 – Example of possible ageing mechanisms as a function of time.27 Figure 5 – Ageing as a function of time for Figure 4.27 Figure 6 – Method elements of evaluation methods.43 Figure 7 – Type of evaluation procedure.47 Figure 8 – Selection of test object.53 Figure 9 – Establishing the test method.55 Figure B.1 – Intrinsic/extrinsic electrical ageing of practical EIS.79 Figure B.2 – Intrinsic/extrinsic thermal ageing of practical EIS.81 Figure B.3 – Intrinsic/extrinsic mechanical ageing of practical EIS.83 Figure B.4 – Intrinsic/extrinsic environmental ageing of practical EIS.85 Figure B.5 – Example of ageing of practical EIS where electrical ageing is the dominant factor.87 Figure B.6 – Example of ageing of practical EIS where thermal ageing is the dominant factor.89 Figure B.7 – Example of ageing of practical EIS where mechanical ageing is the dominant factor.91 Figure B.8 – Example of ageing of practical EIS where environmental ageing is the dominant factor.93 Table 1 – Ageing temperatures.33 Table 2 – Cyclical and continuous procedures:.65 Table A.1 – Checklist for service experience, service requirements/conditions, duty and performance data for EIS evaluation (to be modified by user, as required).75 Table A.2 – Checklist for configuration of EIS.77 Table C.1 – Analysis of potentially destructive stresses (these stresses do not cause appreciable ageing).95
60505 © IEC:2004 – 7 – INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ___________EVALUATION AND QUALIFICATION OF ELECTRICAL INSULATION SYSTEMS FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60505 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 98: Electrical insulation systems (EIS). This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition, published in 1999 and constitutes a technical revision. The main changes with respect to the previous edition concern the amalgamation of the following standards, which, with the exception of IEC 60727-1, will be withdrawn when this third edition is published: IEC 60791:1984, Performance evaluation of insulation systems based on experience and functional tests
IEC 60792-1:1985, The multi-factor functional testing of electrical insulation systems – Part 1: Test procedures IEC 60941:1988, Mechanical endurance functional tests for electrical insulation systems
60505 © IEC:2004 – 9 – IEC 61356:1995, Functional evaluation of electrical systems – Principles for test procedures when comparative testing is not feasible IEC 61359:1995, Evaluation and identification of electric insulation systems – Environment evaluation IEC 60727-1: 1982, Evaluation of electrical endurance of electrical insulation systems – Part 1: General considerations and evaluation procedures based on normal distributions Elements of IEC 60727-1 that are not amalgamated will be considered in the next edition of that standard. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 98/217/FDIS 98/225/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed; • withdrawn; • replaced by a revised edition, or • amended.
60505 © IEC:2004 – 11 – INTRODUCTION The service life of electrical equipment is frequently determined by the life of its electrical insulation system (EIS) or systems. The life of an electrical insulation system can be affected by electrical, thermal, mechanical or environmental stresses acting either individually or in combination. Intended, estimated or proven service life times are essential parameters for describing the life of electrical insulation systems. In the early days of electrotechnical engineering, life figures were rather vague. The limitation of the life of the insulation under thermal stress was one of the first indicators of the effect of ageing in some equipment in service. As experience in using EIS increased, it was appreciated that there was a need to select specific materials having satisfactory life time at a given temperature, to enable the required service life to be achieved and to allow for the calculation of the thermal capability of equipment. IEC 60085 standardized a number of maximum temperature values and presented a list of electrical insulating materials (EIM) related to these temperatures (classes) which, when used for EIS, would “ensure an economical life for the insulation in a wide range of apparatus". This was a clearly defined attempt to qualify EIS on the basis of (service) experience or tests and a quantification of an EIS life in terms of time. The limitation of this approach, based entirely on thermal stressing, was recognized and there was a demand for an improved life concept. This requirement and the impossibility of using the material tables in IEC 60085 at a time when many new, synthetic materials were being produced which did not fit neatly into the existing thermal classification, led to a worldwide effort to improve the situation. This led to the elaboration of the present standard, which serves as a guide to anyone developing standards and technical documents. The user of this standard may evaluate existing test methods and provide correlation with his equipment. Therefore, the user of this standard is responsible for demonstrating the validity of the existing test method in accordance with the principles of this standard. To determine the prospective life is a fundamental task when developing and designing an EIS. Estimated service life of an EIS needs to be established for several reasons: – for type testing when introducing a new EIS into production; – for quality assurance of production; and – for estimating the remaining life for maintenance purposes.
60505 © IEC:2004 – 13 – EVALUATION AND QUALIFICATION OF ELECTRICAL INSULATION SYSTEMS 1 Scope This International Standard establishes the basis for estimating the ageing of electrical insulation systems (EIS) under conditions of either electrical, thermal, mechanical, environmental stresses or combinations of these (multifactor stresses). It specifies the principles and procedures that should be followed, during the development of EIS functional test and evaluation procedures, to establish the estimated service life for a specific EIS. This standard is for use by all IEC technical committees responsible for equipment having an EIS. 2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60068-2-1, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test A: ColdIEC 60068-2-2, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test B: Dry heat IEC 60068-2-14, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test N: Change of temperature IEC 60068-2-27, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Ea and guidance: Shock IEC 60216-3, Electrical insulating materials – Thermal endurance properties – Part 3: Instructions for calculating thermal endurance characteristicsIEC 60216-5, Electrical insulating materials – Thermal endurance properties– Part 5: Determination of relative thermal endurance index (RTE) of an insulating material IEC 60493-1, Guide for the statistical analysis of ageing test data – Part 1: Methods based on mean values of normally distributed test resultsIEC 60544-1, Electrical insulating materials – Determination of the effects of ionizing radiation– Part 1: Radiation interaction and dosimetryIEC 60664 (all parts), Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systemsIEC 60727-1, Evaluation of electrical endurance of electrical insulation systems – Part 1: General considerations and evaluation procedures based on normal distributions
60505 © IEC:2004 – 15 – 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply: 3.1 General terms 3.1.1 electrical insulation system EIS insulating structure containing one or more electrical insulating materials (EIM) together with associated conducting parts employed in an electrotechnical device 3.1.2 electrical insulating material EIM material with negligibly low electric conductivity, used to separate conducting parts at different electrical potentials
[IEV 212-01-01:1990, modified] 3.1.3 reference EIS established EIS evaluated on the basis of either a known service experience record or a known comparative functional evaluation 3.1.4 candidate EIS EIS under evaluation to determine its service capability (with regard to electrical, thermal, mechanical, environmental or multifactor stresses) 3.1.5 intended life design life of an EIS under service conditions 3.1.6 estimated life expected service life derived from either service experience or the results of tests performed in accordance with appropriate evaluation procedures, or both, as established by the responsible organization or technical committee 3.1.7 evaluation establishment of relationships between service requirements and life data obtained from service experience analysis or from the results of functional tests 3.2 Terms related to service stresses and ageing 3.2.1 ageing stresselectrical, thermal, mechanical or environmental stress whose action on an EIS causes irreversible property changes 3.2.2 potentially destructive stress factor of influence in service which can cause the failure of the aged EIS, alone or in combination with other stresses
60505 © IEC:2004 – 17 – 3.2.3 factor of influence stress imposed by conditions of operation, environment or test that affects ageing or life of an EIS NOTE The term “factor of influence” denotes external factors (such as ambient temperature) inducing stress in the EIS as different from stress factors being part of the duty cycle of the equipment (e.g. temperature rise due to load). 3.2.4 service conditions combination of factors of influence and duty that are to be expected in a specific application of an electrical device 3.2.5 reference operating conditions service conditions of the equipment to which the test conditions of the functional test procedure are related 3.2.6 service requirements specified factors of influence, intended performance and duty of an electrical device 3.2.7 service experience the quantitative and/or qualitative record during service, with or without failure of an EIS 3.2.8 ageing irreversible changes of the properties of an EIS due to action by one or more factors of influence NOTE 1 Some changes (e.g. hydrolytic changes) can be partly reversible if the ambient conditions change. NOTE 2 Ageing leads to degradation of the EIS. 3.2.9 ageing factor factor of influence that causes ageing 3.2.10 intrinsic ageing irreversible changes of fundamental properties of an EIS caused by the action of ageing factors on the EIS 3.2.11 extrinsic ageing irreversible changes of properties of an EIS caused by action of ageing factors on unintentionally introduced imperfections in the EIS 3.2.12 interaction modifications of the type or degree of ageing produced by the combination of two or more factors of influence relative to their ageing effect if acting individually on separate objects
60505 © IEC:2004 – 19 – 3.2.13 direct interaction interaction between simultaneously applied factors of influence that differs from that occurring with sequentially applied factors of influence NOTE All factors producing direct interaction are not necessarily ageing factors. 3.2.14 indirect interaction interaction which occurs between simultaneously applied factors of influence, which remains unchanged when the factors are applied sequentially 3.3 Terms related to testing 3.3.1 functional test procedure to obtain information about the suitability of an EIS under specified conditions 3.3.2 test object sample of original equipment or part thereof, or model representating the equipment completely or partially, including the EIS, to be used in a functional test 3.3.3 accelerated ageing result of an increase in the level and/or frequency of application of the factors of influence beyond normal service conditions 3.
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