29.080.30 - Insulation systems

2020-12-25 - IEC Corrected Version

TAN - // IEC Corrigendum

IEC TR 61858-3:2020(E) provides information on the identification of electrical insulating materials and auxiliary components for the assessment of modifications to an established insulation system and gives guidance on the selection of feasible test procedures.

This part of IEC 60664 deals with insulation coordination for equipment having a
rated voltage up to AC 1 000 V or DC 1 500 V connected to low-voltage supply systems.
This document applies to frequencies up to 30 kHz.
NOTE 1 Requirements for insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage supply systems with rated
frequencies above 30 kHz are given in IEC 60664-4.
NOTE 2 Higher voltages can exist in internal circuits of the equipment.
It applies to equipment for use up to 2 000 m above sea level and provides guidance for use
at higher altitudes (See 5.2.3.4).
It provides requirements for technical committees to determine clearances, creepage
distances and criteria for solid insulation. It includes methods of electrical testing with
respect to insulation coordination.
The minimum clearances specified in this document do not apply where ionized gases are
present. Special requirements for such situations can be specified at the discretion of the
relevant technical committee.
This document does not deal with distances:
– through liquid insulation;
– through gases other than air;
– through compressed air.
This basic safety publication focusing on safety essential requirements is primarily intended
for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the
principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51.
One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of
basic safety publications in the preparation of its publications.
However, in case of missing specified values for clearances, creepage distances and
requirements for solid insulation in the relevant product standards, or even missing
standards, this document applies.

IEC 60664-1:2020 deals with insulation coordination for equipment having a rated voltage up to AC 1 000 V or DC 1 500 V connected to low-voltage supply systems. This document applies to frequencies up to 30 kHz. It applies to equipment for use up to 2 000 m above sea level and provides guidance for use at higher altitudes. It provides requirements for technical committees to determine clearances, creepage distances and criteria for solid insulation. It includes methods of electrical testing with respect to insulation coordination. The minimum clearances specified in this document do not apply where ionized gases are present. Special requirements for such situations can be specified at the discretion of the relevant technical committee. This document does not deal with distances:
– through liquid insulation;
– through gases other than air;
– through compressed air.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:  
update of the Scope, Clauses 2 and 3,
addition of 1 500 V DC into tables,
new structure for Clauses 4 and 5,
addition of Annex G with a flowchart for clearances,
addition of Annex H with a flowchart for creepage distances,
update of distances altitude correction in a new Table F.10.  
It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.
The contents of the corrigendum of October 2020 have been included in this copy.

EN-IEC 61857 series is focused on applications where other possible factors need to be incorporated to evaluate any influence on the performance of the electrical insulation system (EIS). Multi- factor evaluation is the most complex type of project to design and conduct. Clear guidelines are needed to give the user of this document a uniform approach and a method to analyse the test results. This document is for applications where the stresses are some combination of other factors of influence identified in IEC 60505. The multi-factor stresses are applied during the diagnostic portion of each test cycle. A few examples of other factors of influence or multi-factor stresses are: - high vibration; - submersion in oils, water, or solutions; - voltage higher than the test voltage of the reference EIS; - decreased cold shock temperature.

IEC 61857-32:2019 series is focused on applications where other possible factors need to be incorporated to evaluate any influence on the performance of the electrical insulation system (EIS). Multi-factor evaluation is the most complex type of project to design and conduct. Clear guidelines are needed to give the user of this document a uniform approach and a method to analyse the test results. This document is for applications where the stresses are some combination of other factors of influence identified in IEC 60505. The multi-factor stresses are applied during the diagnostic portion of each test cycle. A few examples of other factors of influence or multi-factor stresses are: – high vibration; – submersion in oils, water, or solutions; – voltage higher than the test voltage of the reference EIS; – decreased cold shock temperature.

EN IEC 60034-18-41 defines criteria for assessing the insulation system of stator/rotor windings which are subjected to voltage-source pulse-width-modulation (PWM) drives. It applies to stator/rotor windings of single or polyphase AC machines with insulation systems for converter operation. It describes qualification tests and quality control (type and routine) tests on representative samples or on completed machines which verify fitness for operation with voltage source converters. This standard does not apply to: - rotating machines which are only started by converters; - rotating electrical machines with rated voltage ≤ 300 V r.m.s.; - rotor windings of rotating electrical machines operating at ≤ 200 V (peak).

IEC 61857-32:2019 series is focused on applications where other possible factors need to be incorporated to evaluate any influence on the performance of the electrical insulation system (EIS). Multi-factor evaluation is the most complex type of project to design and conduct. Clear guidelines are needed to give the user of this document a uniform approach and a method to analyse the test results.
This document is for applications where the stresses are some combination of other factors of influence identified in IEC 60505. The multi-factor stresses are applied during the diagnostic portion of each test cycle.
A few examples of other factors of influence or multi-factor stresses are:
– high vibration;
– submersion in oils, water, or solutions;
– voltage higher than the test voltage of the reference EIS;
– decreased cold shock temperature.

IEC 60071-1:2019 is available as IEC 60071-1:2019 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 60071-1:2019 applies to three-phase AC systems having a highest voltage for equipment above 1 kV. It specifies the procedure for the selection of the rated withstand voltages for the phase-to-earth, phase-to-phase and longitudinal insulation of the equipment and the installations of these systems. It also gives the lists of the standard withstand voltages from which the rated withstand voltages are selected. This document describes that the selected withstand voltages are associated with the highest voltage for equipment. This association is for insulation co-ordination purposes only. The requirements for human safety are not covered by this document. Although the principles of this document also apply to transmission line insulation, the values of their withstand voltages can be different from the standard rated withstand voltages. The apparatus committees are responsible for specifying the rated withstand voltages and the test procedures suitable for the relevant equipment taking into consideration the recommendations of this document. NOTE In IEC 60071-2, all rules for insulation co‑ordination given in this document are justified in detail, in particular the association of the standard rated withstand voltages with the highest voltage for equipment. When more than one set of standard rated withstand voltages is associated with the same highest voltage for equipment, guidance is provided for the selection of the most suitable set. The main changes from the previous edition are as follows: - all references are updated to current IEC standards, and the bibliography is deleted; - some definitions are clarified in order to avoid overlapping and ensure clear understanding; - letter symbols are changed and corrected in order to keep the consistency with relevant IEC standards; - some titles are changed to clarify understanding (see Clauses A.2, A.3 and Annex B).

IEC 60071-1:2019 is available as IEC 60071-1:2019 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC 60071-1:2019 applies to three-phase AC systems having a highest voltage for equipment above 1 kV. It specifies the procedure for the selection of the rated withstand voltages for the phase-to-earth, phase-to-phase and longitudinal insulation of the equipment and the installations of these systems. It also gives the lists of the standard withstand voltages from which the rated withstand voltages are selected. This document describes that the selected withstand voltages are associated with the highest voltage for equipment. This association is for insulation co-ordination purposes only. The requirements for human safety are not covered by this document. Although the principles of this document also apply to transmission line insulation, the values of their withstand voltages can be different from the standard rated withstand voltages. The apparatus committees are responsible for specifying the rated withstand voltages and the test procedures suitable for the relevant equipment taking into consideration the recommendations of this document.
NOTE In IEC 60071-2, all rules for insulation co‑ordination given in this document are justified in detail, in particular the association of the standard rated withstand voltages with the highest voltage for equipment. When more than one set of standard rated withstand voltages is associated with the same highest voltage for equipment, guidance is provided for the selection of the most suitable set.
The main changes from the previous edition are as follows:
- all references are updated to current IEC standards, and the bibliography is deleted;
- some definitions are clarified in order to avoid overlapping and ensure clear understanding;
- letter symbols are changed and corrected in order to keep the consistency with relevant IEC standards;
- some titles are changed to clarify understanding (see Clauses A.2, A.3 and Annex B).
It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.

IEC/TS 60034-18-42:2008 defines criteria for assessing the insulation system of stator/rotor windings of single or polyphase AC machines which are subjected to repetitive impulse voltages, such as pulse width modulation converters, and expected to withstand partial discharge activity during service. It specifies electrical qualification and acceptance tests on representative samples which verify fitness for operation with voltage-source converters.

Applies to rigid printed board assemblies protected by a coating of insulating material on one or both sides. Describes the requirements and test procedures. Has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.

IEC TS 62993:2017 gives guidance to technical committees which deal with equipment having a rated voltage of more than 1 000 V AC and up to 2 000 V AC, or a rated voltage of more than 1 500 V DC and up to 3 000 V DC. Rated voltages up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC, as well as higher or lower internal voltages, are covered by IEC 60664-1.
This document applies to equipment for use up to 2 000 m above sea level, and provides guidance for use at higher altitudes.
This document gives guidance for clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation for equipment to achieve safety. It includes methods of electric testing.
The contents of the corrigendum of June 2018 have been included in this copy.

Applies to rigid printed board assemblies protected by a coating of insulating material on one or both sides. Describes the requirements and test procedures. Has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.

IEC 60092-376:2017 is available as IEC 60092-376:2017 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC 60092-376:2017 is applicable to screened and unscreened cables for control and instrumentation circuits on ships and offshore units. The cables have extruded solid insulation with a voltage rating of 150/250V (300V) and are intended for fixed installations.
The various types of cables are given in Clause 5. The constructional requirements and test methods are aligned with those indicated in IEC 60092-350, unless otherwise specified in this document.
The object of this document is:
- to standardise cables whose safety and reliability are ensured when they are installed in accordance with the requirements of IEC 60092-352,
- to lay down standard manufacturing requirements and characteristics of such cables directly or indirectly bearing on safety, and
- to specify test methods for checking conformity with those requirements.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- new structure in line with IEC 60092-353 and IEC 60092-354;
- requirements and test methods have been divided in several tables for clarification (enhanced cold properties, oil resistance or resistance to drilling fluids) and have been aligned to IEC 60092-350;
- the new testing methods for fire resistant cables are referenced in this document.

This part of IEC 61857 establishes an EIS evaluation for applications with a designed life of
5 000 h or less. This test method follows the procedures of IEC 60505 and is modified based
on the range of designed life.

IEC 61857-31:2017(E) establishes an EIS evaluation for applications with a designed life of 5 000 h or less. This test method follows the procedures of IEC 60505 and is modified based on the range of designed life.

IEC corrigendum

IEC corrigendum

IEC 62433-3:2017 provides a method for deriving a macro-model to allow the simulation of the radiated emission levels of an Integrated Circuit (IC). This model is commonly called Integrated Circuit Emission Model - Radiated Emission, ICEM-RE. The model is intended to be used for modelling a complete IC, with or without its associated package, a functional block and an Intellectual Property (IP) block of both analogue and digital ICs (input/output pins, digital core and supply), when measured or simulated data cannot be directly imported into simulation tools.

IEC 61857-31:2017 establishes an EIS evaluation for applications with a designed life of 5 000 h or less. This test method follows the procedures of IEC 60505 and is modified based on the range of designed life.

IEC 60664-3:2016(E) is available as IEC 60664-3:2016 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC 60664-3:2016 applies to assemblies protected against pollution by the use of coating, potting or moulding, thus allowing a reduction of clearance and creepage distances as described in IEC 60664-1. This document describes the requirements and test procedures for two methods of protection:
- type 1 protection improves the microenvironment of the parts under the protection;
- type 2 protection is considered to be similar to solid insulation. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) information added concerning interpolation;
b) provided scratch test is only for type 2 protection;
c) renumbered the scratch test to follow the visual examination test, since it makes more sense there;
d) separated the tables under what is now called Annex A, to make them clearer.

IEC TR 63040:2016(E) describes test results of research on dimensioning of clearances and creepage distances, for spacing equal to or less than 2 mm for printed wiring material and other equivalent arrangements of insulation, where the clearance and the creepage distance follows the same path along the surface of solid insulation. The information contained in this document is the result of research only and cannot be used for dimensioning the clearances and creepage distances for equipment within low-voltage systems, where IEC 60664-1 applies. However distances can be taken into account for functional reasons. This document provides results of research related to the following criteria:
1) clearances independent from the micro-environment;
2) creepage distances for pollution degree 1, 2 and 3 which extends the use of smaller distances to products having design features similar to printed circuit boards;
3) creepage distances to avoid flashover of the insulating surface;
4) information on minimum creepage distances to maintain minimum insulation resistance.
A test method for the evaluation of the relevant water adsorption group for the surface of any insulating material which has not yet been classified is described.
The contents of the corrigendum of January 2019 have been included in this copy.

IEC TS 62332-3:2016 is applicable to EIM and EIS containing solid and liquid components where the refrigerant, oil and thermal stresses are the dominant ageing factor, without restriction to voltage class.

IEC TR 61857-2:2015(E) gives guidelines to identify the appropriate test method to be used for the evaluation of a proposed Electrical Insulation System (EIS). Some of the standards are for evaluation and classification of the EIS, while other standards identify the appropriate method to evaluate single or multi-factor stresses of a proposed or of an established EIS. This Technical Report is applicable to existing or proposed EIS used in electrotechnical products across a wide range of operating voltages of IEC Standards. The report takes care to select the appropriate standard based on construction and intended operating conditions.

Provides guidance on the procedures for insulation co-ordination of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) converter stations, without prescribing standardized insulation levels. Applies only for HVDC applications in high-voltage a.c. power systems and not for industrial conversion equipment. Principles and guidance given are for insulation co-ordination purposes only. The requirements for human safety are not covered.

IEC 60071-5:2014 provides guidance on the procedures for insulation co-ordination of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) converter stations, without prescribing standardized insulation levels. This standard applies only for HVDC applications in high-voltage a.c. power systems and not for industrial conversion equipment. Principles and guidance given are for insulation co-ordination purposes only. The requirements for human safety are not covered by this standard. This International Standard cancels and replaces IEC TS 60071-5 published in 2002. On the basis of technical experience gained since the Technical Specification was published, sufficient consensus has emerged for transformation of the Technical Specification into an International Standard. The technical content is essentially the same as that contained in the Technical Specification with amendments mainly for user convenience. The structure of the document has been changed to allow division and subdivision into complete integral parts to facilitate comprehension and ease of referencing. In addition to the high level revisions above, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to the previous edition:
- arresters have been added to several locations to reflect some recent 800 kV HVDC scheme practice, along with their justifications, expected voltages, overvoltages and arrester stresses in service;
- significant changes have been made in Clause 8 - all subclauses on the characteristics, schemes, stresses and specification of arresters have been consolidated into a single entity, Clause 8;
- the implications of a smoothing reactor and of a neutral blocking filter located on the neutral bus (as on some recent 800 kV schemes), on coordination of arresters connected to the neutral end have been added;
- possible use of sacrificial arresters on the neutral bus is introduced to cater for excessive arrester energy in the rather unlikely event of a particular rare fault;
- all subclauses dealing with study tools and modelling details have been consolidated into Clause 10;
- creepage distances and clearances have been consolidated into Clauses 11 and 12, respectively, with more details added.

EN IEC 60034-18-41 defines criteria for assessing the insulation system of stator/rotor windings which are subjected to voltage-source pulse-width-modulation (PWM) drives. It applies to stator/rotor windings of single or polyphase AC machines with insulation systems for converter operation. It describes qualification tests and quality control (type and routine) tests on representative samples or on completed machines which verify fitness for operation with voltage source converters. This standard does not apply to: - rotating machines which are only started by converters; - rotating electrical machines with rated voltage ≤ 300 V r.m.s.; - rotor windings of rotating electrical machines operating at ≤ 200 V (peak).

EN IEC 61858-1 lists the required test procedures for qualification of modifications of an established electrical insulation system (EIS) with respect to its thermal classification. This standard is applicable to EIS used in wire-wound winding electrotechnical devices. The test procedures are comparative in that the performance of a candidate EIS is compared to that of a reference EIS, which has proven service experience in accordance with IEC 60505 or has been evaluated by one of the procedures given in the IEC 61857 series.

EN IEC 61858-2 lists the required test procedures for qualification of modifications of an established electrical insulation system (EIS) with respect to its thermal classification. This standard is applicable to EIS used in form-wound electrotechnical devices. The test procedures are comparative in that the performance of a candidate EIS is compared to that of a reference EIS, which has proven service experience in accordance with IEC 60505 or has been evaluated by one of the procedures given in IEC 60085 and IEC 60034-18-31.

IEC 61858-1:2014 lists the required test procedures for qualification of modifications of an established electrical insulation system (EIS) with respect to its thermal classification. This standard is applicable to EIS used in wire-wound winding electrotechnical devices. The test procedures are comparative in that the performance of a candidate EIS is compared to that of a reference EIS, which has proven service experience in accordance with IEC 60505 or has been evaluated by one of the procedures given in the IEC 61857 series. This first edition of IEC 61858-1 cancels and replaces the third edition of IEC 61858, published in 2008. It constitutes a technical and editorial revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) this part is specifically for wire-wound winding EIS; b) new figures and charts support the contents.

IEC 61858-2:2014 lists the required test procedures for qualification of modifications of an established electrical insulation system (EIS) with respect to its thermal classification. This standard is applicable to EIS used in form-wound electrotechnical devices. The test procedures are comparative in that the performance of a candidate EIS is compared to that of a reference EIS, which has proven service experience in accordance with IEC 60505 or has been evaluated by one of the procedures given in IEC 60085 and IEC 60034-18-31.

IEC TS 62332-2:2014 is applicable to EIS containing solid and liquid components where the thermal stress is the dominant ageing factor, without restriction to voltage class. This part specifies a sealed tube test procedure for the thermal evaluation and qualification of electrical insulation systems (EIS). One aspect of this procedure is to also provide a method to assign thermal classifications to materials used in EIS where solid and liquid components are both used. This procedure describes a comparative ageing method whereby a reference system composed of kraft paper and mineral oil is compared to a candidate system of any combination of solid and insulating liquid. The test procedures in this part are specifically applicable to liquid immersed transformer insulation systems.

This International Standard applies to electrical equipment, regardless of voltage, containing an insulation system, which is - connected to an electronic power supply, and - requires an evaluation of insulation endurance under repetitive voltage impulses. This standard proposes a general test procedure to facilitate screening of electrical insulating materials (EIM) and systems (EIS) and to achieve a relative evaluation of insulation endurance under conditions of repetitive impulses.

IEC 61858-2:2014 lists the required test procedures for qualification of modifications of an established electrical insulation system (EIS) with respect to its thermal classification. This standard is applicable to EIS used in form-wound electrotechnical devices. The test procedures are comparative in that the performance of a candidate EIS is compared to that of a reference EIS, which has proven service experience in accordance with IEC 60505 or has been evaluated by one of the procedures given in IEC 60085 and IEC 60034-18-31.

IEC 61858-1:2014 lists the required test procedures for qualification of modifications of an established electrical insulation system (EIS) with respect to its thermal classification. This standard is applicable to EIS used in wire-wound winding electrotechnical devices. The test procedures are comparative in that the performance of a candidate EIS is compared to that of a reference EIS, which has proven service experience in accordance with IEC 60505 or has been evaluated by one of the procedures given in the IEC 61857 series. This first edition of IEC 61858-1 cancels and replaces the third edition of IEC 61858, published in 2008. It constitutes a technical and editorial revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) this part is specifically for wire-wound winding EIS;
b) new figures and charts support the contents.

IEC 62068:2013 applies to electrical equipment, regardless of voltage, containing an insulation system, which is: - connected to an electronic power supply, and - requires an evaluation of insulation endurance under repetitive voltage impulses. This standard proposes a general test procedure to facilitate screening of electrical insulating materials (EIM) and systems (EIS) and to achieve a relative evaluation of insulation endurance under conditions of repetitive impulses. This first edition of IEC 62068 replaces IEC 62068-1:2003. It has been re-numbered as IEC 62068, as decided at the Plenary Meeting of TC 112 in Prague 2011. The main changes with regard to IEC 62068-1:2003 concern the terms and definitions which are now aligned, in part, on IEC/TS 61934 and IEC/TS 60034-18-42.

This part of IEC 60034 gives test procedures for the thermal evaluation and classification of insulation systems used or proposed for use in wire-wound alternating current (a.c.) or direct current (d.c.) rotating electrical machines. The test performance of a candidate insulation system is compared to the test performance of a reference insulation system with proven service experience. IEC 60034-18-1 describes general testing principles applicable to thermal endurance testing of insulation systems used in rotating electrical machines. The principles of IEC 60034-18-1 are followed unless otherwise stated in IEC 60034-18-21.

IEC 62068:2013 applies to electrical equipment, regardless of voltage, containing an insulation system, which is:
- connected to an electronic power supply, and
- requires an evaluation of insulation endurance under repetitive voltage impulses. This standard proposes a general test procedure to facilitate screening of electrical insulating materials (EIM) and systems (EIS) and to achieve a relative evaluation of insulation endurance under conditions of repetitive impulses. This first edition of IEC 62068 replaces IEC 62068-1:2003. It has been re-numbered as IEC 62068, as decided at the Plenary Meeting of TC 112 in Prague 2011. The main changes with regard to IEC 62068-1:2003 concern the terms and definitions which are now aligned, in part, on IEC/TS 61934 and IEC/TS 60034-18-42.

IEC 62271-105:2012 applies to three-pole units for public and industrial distribution systems which are functional assemblies of switches including switch-disconnectors and current-limiting fuses designed so as to be capable of
- breaking, at the rated recovery voltage, any current up to and including the rated short-circuit breaking current;
- making, at the rated voltage, circuits to which the rated short-circuit breaking current applies.
It does not apply to fuse-circuit-breakers, fuse-contactors, combinations for motor-circuits or to combinations incorporating single capacitor bank switches. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 62271-105, published in 2002, and constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- implementation of figures at the place where they are cited first;
- renumbering of tables;
- addition of some of the proposals from IEC paper 17A/852/INF;
- addition of missing subclauses of IEC 62271-1;
- implementation of 6.105 "Extension of validity of type tests" and consequently removing of the relevant parts in the different existing clauses;
- change of 7th paragraph of 6.101.4 as there is now a definition of NSDD given in 3.7.4 of IEC 62271-1:2007. Harmonization with IEC 62271-107;
- some referenced clauses in other standards like IEC 60282-1 were changed and therefore changed the editions under 1.2 to the ones referred to;
- addition of a new Annex C defining tolerances.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 62271-1:2007.

This part of IEC 60034 gives test procedures for the evaluation of thermomechanical endurance of insulation systems of form-wound windings.
In this evaluation, the performance of a candidate system is compared to that of a reference insulation system with proven service experience.

This part of IEC 60034 describes thermal endurance test procedures for classification of insulation systems used in a.c. or d.c. rotating electrical machines with indirect cooling and form-wound windings. The test performance of a candidate insulation system is compared to the test performance of a reference insulation system with proven service experience. The test procedures described in IEC 60034-18-31 are intended to compare the thermal endurance performance of the mainwall insulation between conductor(s) and ground and, where required by the design of the coil or bar, the insulation between the turns. The test is not intended to simulate the in-service mechanical stresses experienced by the endwinding bracing or support materials. It does not include the evaluation of thermomechanical deterioration by expansion and contraction of insulation during temperature cycling. IEC 60034-18-1 describes general testing principles applicable to thermal endurance testing of insulation systems used in rotating electrical machines. The principles of IEC 60034-18-1 are followed unless otherwise stated in IEC60034-18-31. The thermal class for the insulation system refers to its maximum allowed (“hot spot”) temperature. The average temperature measured in service should not exceed the allowed temperature rise according to IEC 60034-1.

IEC/TS 62758:2012(E) presents a standard method to estimate the performance of a pulsed electro-acoustic (PEA) measurement system. For this purpose, a systematic procedure is recommended for the calibration of the measurement system. Using the procedure, users can estimate whether the system works properly or not.

This International Standard establishes the basis for estimating the ageing of electrical insulation systems (EIS) under conditions of either electrical, thermal, mechanical, environmental stresses or combinations of these (multifactor stresses). It specifies the principles and procedures that shall be followed, during the development of EIS functional test and evaluation procedures, to establish the estimated service life for a specific EIS. This standard should be used by all IEC technical committees responsible for equipment having an EIS.

IEC 60505:2011 establishes the basis for estimating the ageing of electrical insulation systems (EIS) under conditions of either electrical, thermal, mechanical, environmental stresses or combinations of these (multifactor stresses). It specifies the principles and procedures that shall be followed, during the development of EIS functional test and evaluation procedures, to establish the estimated service life for a specific EIS. This standard should be used by all IEC technical committees responsible for equipment having an EIS. The main change with respect to the previous edition is that Annex A: Glossary is now available in an Internet version as well as a hardcopy version. The internet version contains an abridged text version and a multimedia supplement.

IEC 60505:2011 establishes the basis for estimating the ageing of electrical insulation systems (EIS) under conditions of either electrical, thermal, mechanical, environmental stresses or combinations of these (multifactor stresses). It specifies the principles and procedures that shall be followed, during the development of EIS functional test and evaluation procedures, to establish the estimated service life for a specific EIS. This standard should be used by all IEC technical committees responsible for equipment having an EIS. The contents of the corrigendum of March 2017 have been included in this copy.

IEC/TS 61934:2011(E) is applicable to the off-line electrical measurement of partial discharges (PD) that occur in electrical insulation systems (EIS) when stressed by repetitive voltage impulses generated from electronic power devices. Typical applications are EIS belonging to apparatus driven by power electronics, such as motors, inductive reactors and windmill generators. Excluded from the scope of this technical specification are:
- methods based on optical or ultrasonic PD detection,
- fields of application for PD measurements when stressed by non-repetitive impulse voltages such as lightning impulse or switching impulses from switchgear.
The principal changes with regard to the previous edition concern the addition of:
- an Introduction that provides some background information on the progress being made in the field of power electronics;
- impulse generators;
- PD detection methods;
- a new informative Annex C covering practical experience obtained from round-robin testing (RRT);
- example of noise levels, as shown in new informative Annex D.

This part of IEC 60034-18 describes procedures for evaluation of insulation systems by endurance testing where thermal and electrical stresses are applied simultaneously. The procedures are intended for insulation systems used, or proposed to be used, in a.c. electrical machines using form-wound windings. The test procedures provide a comparison of performance between reference and candidate systems at combinations of voltage and temperature which have been used separately to assess quality in the past and which are chosen to produce failures within a suitable timescale and at stresses within practical limits. The outcome of the test on the candidate insulation system will indicate whether it is better or worse than the reference system with proven service experience but will not enable a lifetime in service to be calculated. The evaluation described in this technical specification does not include stress grading.
The test procedures in this technical specification are not intended to establish the interaction between thermal and electrical stress in the ageing process nor endurance lines. If additional information is required on this interaction or in order to achieve endurance lines, it is necessary to undertake further tests in which electrical ageing is carried out at constant temperature and different voltages (IEC 60034-18-32) and thermal ageing is performed at different temperatures and constant voltage.