oSIST prEN 1337-6:2018
(Main)Structural bearings - Part 6: Rocker bearings
Structural bearings - Part 6: Rocker bearings
This document specifies rules for the design, testing and manufacture of point and line rocker bearings.
It is applicable to rocker bearings manufactured from carbon steel or cast steel or cast iron or stainless steel.
This document will be used in conjunction with the relevant parts of this standard series.
Lager im Bauwesen - Teil 6: Kipplager
Dieses Dokument legt Regeln für die Bemessung, Prüfung und Herstellung von Punkt- und Linienkipplagern fest.
Das Dokument gilt für aus unlegiertem Stahl, Gussstahl, Gusseisen oder nichtrostendem Stahl hergestellte Kipplager.
Dieses Dokument wird in Kombination mit den anderen relevanten Teilen dieser Normenreihe verwendet.
Appareils d’appui structuraux - Partie 6 : Appareils d’appui à balanciers
Le présent document spécifie les règles de conception, d’essai et de fabrication d’appareils d’appui à balancier à contact ponctuel ou linéaire.
Il s’applique aux appareils d’appui à balancier en acier au carbone, en fonte d’acier, en fonte ou en acier inoxydable.
Ce document sera utilisé conjointement aux parties pertinentes de cette série de normes.
Konstrukcijska ležišča - 6. del: Linijska in točkovna zasučna ležišča
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 1337-6:2018
01-marec-2018
.RQVWUXNFLMVNDOHåLãþDGHO /LQLMVNDLQWRþNRYQD]DVXþQDOHåLãþD
Structural bearings - Part 6: Rocker bearings
Lager im Bauwesen - Teil 6: Kipplager
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1337-6
ICS:
91.010.30 7HKQLþQLYLGLNL Technical aspects
oSIST prEN 1337-6:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 1337-6:2018
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oSIST prEN 1337-6:2018
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 1337-6
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2018
ICS 91.010.30 Will supersede EN 1337-6:2004
English Version
Structural bearings - Part 6: Rocker bearings
Lager im Bauwesen - Teil 6: Kipplager
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 167.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1337-6:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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prEN 1337-6:2018 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 6
3.1 Terms and definitions . 6
3.2 Symbols . 6
4 Types of rocker bearings . 7
4.1 General . 7
4.2 Line rocker bearing . 7
4.3 Point rocker bearing . 8
5 Materials . 9
5.1 Material for rockers and rocker plates . 9
5.1.1 General . 9
5.1.2 Carbon steel. 9
5.1.3 Stainless steel . 9
5.1.4 Cast steel . 9
5.1.5 Cast iron . 9
5.2 Materials for other components . 9
6 Design . 10
6.1 General . 10
6.2 Curved surfaces. 10
6.3 Load bearing capacity . 10
6.3.1 Vertical loads . 10
6.3.2 Eccentricities . 12
6.4 Behaviour under horizontal loads . 14
6.5 Load distribution to adjacent structural components . 14
6.6 Movements . 14
6.6.1 Translation capability . 14
6.6.2 Rotation capacity . 14
6.7 Corrosion in the contact line or point . 14
6.8 Combination with other bearings or elements . 14
7 Testing . 15
7.1 Surface roughness . 15
7.2 Resilience . 15
7.3 Hardness . 15
7.4 Deformation properties . 15
7.5 Non-destructive testing. 15
8 Manufacturing, assembly, tolerances, marking and labelling . 15
8.1 General . 15
8.2 Material requirements . 15
8.3 Carbon steel. 15
8.4 Flatness of the rocker plates . 15
8.5 Surface profile . 16
8.6 Surface roughness . 16
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8.7 Parallelism of contact surfaces . 16
8.8 Marking and labelling . 16
9 Transport, storage and installation . 16
10 In-service inspection . 17
11 Maintenance . 17
12 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance . 17
12.1 General . 17
12.2 Type Testing . 17
12.3 Factory production control . 17
12.4 Assessment of the performance of the construction product . 17
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship of this European Standard with Regulation (EU)
No. 305/2011 . 19
ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics . 19
ZA.2 System of Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance (AVCP) . 21
ZA.3 Assignment of AVCP tasks . 21
Bibliography . 24
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European foreword
This document (prEN 1337-6:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 167
“Structural bearings”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1337-6:2004.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Regulation 305/2011.
For relationship with EU Regulation 305/2011, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of
this document.
prEN 1337, Structural bearings, consist of the following 8 parts:
— Part 1: General;
— Part 2: Sliding elements;
— Part 3: Elastomeric bearings;
— Part 4: Roller bearings;
— Part 5: Pot bearings;
— Part 6: Rocker bearings;
— Part 7: Spherical and cylindrical PTFE bearings;
— Part 8: Guide bearings and Restraint bearings.
The major technical changes are listed below:
— Complete technical and editorial revision of the document; it is not possible to list all implemented
changes to this edition of EN 1337-6.
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1 Scope
This document specifies rules for the design, testing and manufacture of point and line rocker bearings.
It is applicable to rocker bearings manufactured from carbon steel or cast steel or cast iron or stainless
steel.
This document will be used in conjunction with the relevant parts of this standard series.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
prEN 1337-1:2018, Structural bearings — Part 1: General
prEN 1337-2:2018, Structural bearings — Part 2: Sliding elements
prEN 1337-3:2018, Structural bearings — Part 3: Elastomeric bearings
prEN 1337-4:2018, Structural bearings — Part 4: Roller bearings
prEN 1337-5:2018, Structural bearings — Part 5: Pot bearings
prEN 1337-6:2018, Structural bearings — Part 6: Rocker bearings
prEN 1337-7:2018, Structural bearings — Part 7: Spherical and cylindrical PTFE bearings
prEN 1337-8:2018, Structural bearings — Part 8: Guide bearings and Restraint bearings
EN 1993 (all parts), Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures
EN 10025 (all parts), Hot rolled products of structural steels
EN 10083-1, Steels for quenching and tempering — Part 1: General technical delivery conditions
EN 10083-2, Steels for quenching and tempering — Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non alloy
steels
EN 10088-2, Stainless steels — Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of corrosion
resisting steels for general purposes
EN 10160, Ultrasonic testing of steel flat product of thickness equal or greater than 6 mm (reflection
method)
EN 10164:2004, Steel products with improved deformation properties perpendicular to the surface of the
product — Technical delivery conditions
EN 10340, Steel castings for structural uses
EN ISO 148 (all parts), Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test
EN ISO 4287, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Terms,
definitions and surface texture parameters (ISO 4287)
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EN ISO 4288, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Rules and
procedures for the assessment of surface texture (ISO 4288)
EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1)
EN ISO 17638, Non-destructive testing of welds — Magnetic particle testing (ISO 17638)
EN ISO 23278, Non-destructive testing of welds — Magnetic particle testing - Acceptance levels
(ISO 23278)
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
line rocker
component which comprises a circular cylindrical contact surface rocking on a rocker plate
3.1.2
point rocker
component which comprises a curved convex contact surface rolling on a rocker plate, the curved
surface is a portion of a sphere
3.1.3
rocker plate
circular cylindrical (in case of line rocker) or concave (in case of point rocker, the curved surface is a
portion of a sphere) or flat component which transmits force between the rocker and the adjacent
structure
3.1.4
shear dowel
component which provides positive mechanical restraint to horizontal loads and movements
3.2 Symbols
3.2.1 Latin upper case letters:
E modulus of elasticity MPa
M design eccentricity moment from actions kNm
Ed
M design eccentricity moment caused by friction kNm
Sd
N axial design force kN
Ed
N' design effect from action per unit length kN/m
Ed
N design resistance N
Rd
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N' design resistance per unit length kN/m
z,Rd
N characteristic resistance kN
Rk
N' characteristic resistance per unit length kN/m
Rk
V horizontal force generated by friction kN
sd
V total transverse or shear force kN
y,d
3.2.2 Latin lower case letters:
a radius of the load transferring area mm
b half width of Hertzian contact area mm
e design eccentricity due to rotation mm
2,d
e design eccentricity due to translation mm
3,d
e total design eccentricity of vertical load mm
d
f tensile strength of material MPa
u
f yield strength of material MPa
y
h distance between horizontal section to be verified and rocker contact area mm
l length of rocker mm
r radius of rocker mm
u relative movement mm
3.2.3 Greek letters:
α total design angular rotation about the line of contact, in radians (rad) rad
d
γ partial material factor —
M9
4 Types of rocker bearings
4.1 General
The main components of the different types of rocker bearings in accordance with this document are
shown in the following subclauses.
4.2 Line rocker bearing
The main components of a line rocker bearing are shown in Figure 1.
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Key
1 rocker plate
2 circular cylindrical contact surface
3 dowel
4 line rocker
Figure 1 — Main components of a line rocker bearing
The line rocker bearing permits rotation about an axis parallel to the axis of the curved surface. The
rocker and the rocker plate can be inverted.
4.3 Point rocker bearing
The main components of a point rocker bearing are shown in Figure 2.
Key
1 rocker plate with concave contact surface
2 rocker plate with flat contact surface
3 point rocker
4 convex surface
Figure 2 — Main components of point rocker bearings
The point rocker bearing permits rotation about any axis. The rocker and the rocker plate can be
inverted.
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5 Materials
5.1 Material for rockers and rocker plates
5.1.1 General
Rockers and rocker plates shall be manufactured from ferrous materials in accordance with 5.1.2, 5.1.3,
5.1.4 and 5.1.5 and Table 1.
The ability of curved surfaces and plates to withstand deformation under load is dependent upon the
hardness of the material of which they are made.
Surfaces of rockers and rocker plates in contact shall have the same nominal strength and hardness.
Rockers and rocker plates shall consist of the same quality class.
NOTE There is not a constant relationship between hardness and yield stress of steel but there is between
hardness and ultimate strength.
Table 1 — Ferrous material classes
Tensile Impact / at Surface
Material Yield strength Elongation
strength temperature hardness
class (minimum) (minimum)
(minimum) (minimum) (maximum)
2 2
— HV 10 %
N/mm N/mm
A 340 240 27 J/ 0 °C 150 25
B 490 335 27 J/ –20 °C 250 21
C 600 420 27 J/ –20 °C 450 14
5.1.2 Carbon steel
Carbon steel shall be in accordance with the requirements of the EN 10025 series or EN 10083-1 and
2
EN 10083-2. The minimum yield strength shall be 240 N/mm . The relationship between material
properties as given in Table 1 shall be considered.
5.1.3 Stainless steel
Stainless steel shall be in accordance with EN 10088-2. The minimum tensile strength shall be
2
490 N/mm . The relationship between material properties as given in Table 1 shall be considered.
5.1.4 Cast steel
Cast steel shall be in accordance with EN 10340. The relationship between material properties as given
in Table 1 shall be considered.
5.1.5 Cast iron
Cast iron shall be of spheroidal graphite type in accordance with EN 10340. The relationship between
material properties as given in Table 1 shall be considered
5.2 Materials for other components
The materials for other components shall be ferrous materials selected for their specific performance
which may require high ductility.
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6 Design
6.1 General
prEN 1337-1:2018 applies.
The design rules are based on the principle of vertical forces being transferred through a Hertzian
contact area between two surfaces with dissimilar radii.
Line rockers allow rotation about one axis, point rockers allow rotations about the axes x and y.
Line rocker bearings may be combined with an additional rotation element to allow rotations about an
axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the line rocker. Rocker bearings may be combined with
sliding elements to provide translation capability. These elements shall be in accordance with the
relevant part of the prEN 1337 series.
If rocker bearings are used to resist horizontal forces, they shall be provided with means of positive
mechanical restraint.
The selected material shall be verified in accordance with the principles given in the relevant parts of
the EN 1993 series, e.g. EN 1993-1-10.
6.2 Curved surfaces
The curved contact surfaces of a line rocker shall be a segment of a cylinder. The curved contact
surfaces of a point rocker shall be a segment of a sphere.
6.3 Load bearing capacity
6.3.1 Vertical loads
6.3.1.1 General
The load bearing capacity of the rocker bearing shall be obtained from the design verification as a
function of the geometry and the steel properties.
6.3.1.2 Dimensions of line rocker
6.3.1.2.1 Line rockers with two cylindrical contact surfaces having dissimilar radii
The load bearing capacity for the fundamental combination of actions is given by Formula (1).
2
f
u
⋅⋅rr
12
γ
M9
´
N = 23,1 (1)
z,Rd
Er⋅− r
( )
1 2
NOTE This Formula can be used for materials in contact where the modulus of elasticity do not differ more
than 5 % of the higher value.
where
r is the radius of the concave surface;
1
r is the radius of the convex surface.
2
The recommended value of γ = 1,0
M9
The “half” width b of the contact zone for fully loaded bearings is given in Formula (2).
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f ⋅⋅rr
u 12
(2)
b= 7,31
Er⋅− r
( )
1 2
where
r is the radius of the concave surface;
1
r is the radius of the convex surface.
2
In the maximum rotated position of the line rocker the minimum distance from the centre line of the
load transferring zone to the edge of the component shall not be less than 4 × b.
6.3.1.2.2 Line rocker with a cylindrical and a flat contact surface
The load bearing capacity for the fundamental combination of actions is given in Formula (3).
2
f
u
r⋅
γ
M9
´
N = 23,1 (3)
z,Rd
E
The recommended value is γ = 1.
M9
The half width b of the contact zone for fully loaded bearings is given in Formula (4).
rf⋅
u
b= 7,31 (4)
E
In the maximum rotated position of the line rocker the minimum distance from the centre line of the
load transferring zone to the edge of the component shall not be less than 4 × b.
6.3.1.3 Load bearing capacity of point rocker bearings
6.3.1.3.1 Point rockers with two spherical contact surfaces having dissimilar radii
The load bearing capacity for the fundamental combination of actions is given in Formula (5).
3
f
u 22
⋅⋅rr
12
γ
M9
N 139⋅ (5)
z;Rd
2
2
E ⋅+rr
( )
12
where
r is the radius of the concave surface;
1
r is the radius of the convex surface.
2
The recommended value is γ = 1,0.
M9
The radius a of the load transferring circular area for fully loaded bearings is given in Formula (6).
f ⋅⋅rr
u 12
a= 57, (6)
Er⋅+ r
( )
12
where
11
=
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r is the radius of the concave surface;
1
r is the radius of the convex surface.
2
In the maximum rotated position of the point rocker the minimum distance from the centre line of the
load transferring zone to the edge of the component shall not be less than 4 × a.
6.3.1.3.2 Point rocker with a convex spherical and a flat contact surface
The load bearing capacity for the fundamental combination of actions is given in Formula (7).
3
f
u2
⋅ ⋅ r
γ
M9
N 139⋅ (7)
z;Rd
2
E
The radius a of the load transferring circular area for fully loaded bearings is given in Formula (8).
f ⋅ r
u
a= 57, (8)
E
In the maximum rotated position of the point rocker the minimum distance from the centre line of the
load transferring zone to the edge of the component shall not be less than 4 × a.
The recommended value is γ = 1,0.
M9
6.3.2 Eccentricities
6.3.2.1 General
Total eccentricity e to be considered is given in Formula (9).
d
ee+ e (9)
d 2,,d 3 d
Where no provision is made for prestressing the fixing bolts the total eccentricity e in any direction
d
shall not exceed 1/6 of the plate dimension in that direction for a rectangular plate or 1/8 the plate
diameter if circular, i.e. the contact stress at the extremities shall be greater than zero.
6.3.2.2 Rotational eccentricity – Rocker in contact with flat surface
Eccentricity, e , due to rotational movement between the components is given in Formula (10).
2
e = × r (10)
2 d
See Figure 3.
12
=
=
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Figure 3 — Rocker eccentricity — Flat contact surface
To allow for the effect of rolling friction at the contact surfaces, the total rocker eccentricity due to
rotational eccentricity effect shall be taken as given in Formula (11).
ee= 2 (11)
2,d 2
6.3.2.3 Rotational eccentricity — Rocker in contact with curved surface
Eccentricity, e , due to rotational movement between the components is given in Formula (12).
2
d
e = (12)
2
1 1
−
rr
1
See Figure 4.
Figure 4 — Point rocker eccentricity
In addition to rotation capacity as derived for the fundamental combination of actions an additional
allowance shall be considered as given in prEN 1337-1:2018.
To allow for the effect of rolling friction at the contact surfaces, the total rocker eccentricity due to
rotational eccentricity effect shall be taken as given in Formula (13).
ee= 2 (13)
2,d 2
6.3.2.4 Eccentricity due to horizontal load
Eccentricity, e of vertical load due to horizontal design load is given in Formula (14).
3,d
13
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Vh×
Ed
e = (14)
3,d
N
Ed
6.3.2.5 Eccentricity transversely to the movement direction
In the absence of any transverse rotation capability at least a transverse eccentricity of l/10 shall be
taken into account.
6.4 Behaviour under horizontal loads
Horizontal forces in any direction in the x – y plane shall be restrained by dowels or recess for line
rocker bearings and by a recess for point rocker bearings. The recess shall be designed in accordance
with prEN 1337-5:2018, Clause 6.
6.5 Load distribution to adjacent structural components
For rocker bearings the stiffness of the adjacent structural components, e.g. anchor plates, is of
paramount importance. Therefore the rockers and rocker plates shall be so proportioned that loads are
adequately distributed to adjacent components.
6.6 Movements
6.6.1 Translation capability
A translation capability can be achieved with a sliding element in accordance with prEN 1337-2:2018.
6.6.2 Rotation capacity
The rotation capability of a line rocker bearing about its axis is an intrinsic feature based on its
geometry.
The rotation capability of a point rocker bearing about any axis is an intrinsic feature based on its
geometry.
The rotation capacity shall be declared by the manufacturer. Its design value under the fundamental
combination of actions shall not exceed 0,05 rad.
At design rotation α there shall be a minimum clearance of 5 mm between opposing components as
d
shown in Figure 4 unless they are used for transferring loads.
The dimensions of the surface of the rocker shall be such that the edge of the contact area of the rock
...
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